2005 International WTO · Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Rwanda Saint Kitts and...

Internationaltrade statistics2005

AlbaniaAngolaAntigua and BarbudaArgentinaArmeniaAustraliaAustriaBahrain, Kingdom ofBangladeshBarbadosBelgiumBelizeBeninBoliviaBotswanaBrazilBrunei Darussalam BulgariaBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCanadaCentral African RepublicChadChileChinaColombiaCongoCosta RicaCôte d’IvoireCroatiaCubaCyprusCzech RepublicDemocratic Republic of the CongoDenmarkDjiboutiDominicaDominican RepublicEcuadorEgyptEl SalvadorEstoniaEuropean CommunitiesFijiFinlandFormer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM)FranceGabon

The GambiaGeorgiaGermanyGhanaGreeceGrenadaGuatemalaGuineaGuinea BissauGuyanaHaitiHondurasHong Kong, ChinaHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIrelandIsraelItalyJamaicaJapanJordanKenyaKorea, Republic ofKuwaitKyrgyz RepublicLatviaLesothoLiechtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgMacao, ChinaMadagascarMalawiMalaysiaMaldivesMaliMaltaMauritaniaMauritiusMexicoMoldovaMongoliaMoroccoMozambiqueMyanmarNamibiaNepalNetherlandsNew Zealand

NicaraguaNigerNigeriaNorwayOmanPakistanPanamaPapua New GuineaParaguayPeruPhilippinesPolandPortugalQatarRomaniaRwandaSaint Kitts and NevisSaint LuciaSaint Vincent & the GrenadinesSenegalSierra LeoneSingaporeSlovak RepublicSloveniaSolomon IslandsSouth AfricaSpainSri LankaSurinameSwazilandSwedenSwitzerlandChinese TaipeiTanzaniaThailandTogoTrinidad and TobagoTunisiaTurkeyUgandaUnited Arab EmiratesUnited KingdomUnited States of AmericaUruguayVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)ZambiaZimbabwe

WTO Members(As of 31 August 2005)

This report is also available in French and Spanish (Price: CHF 50.00)

To order, please contact:WTO PublicationsWorld Trade Organization154, rue de LausanneCH-1211 Geneva 21Tel: (41 22) 739 52 08Fax: (41 22) 739 54 58Email: publications@wto.org

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Further enquiries can be addressed to statistics@wto.org.

ISBN 92-870-3313-7Printed in Switzerland

Internationaltrade statistics2005

Acknowledgements

This statistical report has been prepared under the general direction of Guy Karsenty, Chief Statistician. The Overview has been drafted by Michael Finger and the Statistics team has been led by Andreas Maurer. The data were prepared by Barbara d’Andrea-Adrian, Christophe Degain, Joscelyn Magdeleine, Yann Marcus, Coleman Nee, Bekele Tamenu and Ninez Piezas-Jerbi.

Vuddha Meach coordinated the table, chart and map production with the assistance of Nicole Everlet, Karolina Safarzynska and Pratikshya Simkhada. Monia Mimouni and Aishah Colautti prepared the tables and charts for the Overview.

The printing, carried out by WTO’s own printing facilities, was coordinated by Edmundo Murray of the Information and Media Relations Division. Thanks are due to the French and Spanish translators in the Language Services and Documentation Division for rendering the report in the WTO’s other official languages.

For statistical sources used in this report, see the Technical Notes.

Table of Contents

World Trade Development in 2004 and Prospects for 2005

1. Hightlights of world trade in 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Trade volume and output developments in 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23. Merchandise and commercial services trade in dollar value by sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24. Trade by region and country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95. Trade developments of selected Regional Trade Agreements and of the LDCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166. Trade developments in the first half of 2005 and prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

I. World trade in 2004 - overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

II. Selected long-term trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

III. Trade by region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372. North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453. South and Central America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544. Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736. Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807. Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868. Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899. Least-developed countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

IV. Trade by sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092. Agricultural products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1123. Fuels and mining products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 3.1 Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1214. Manufactures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 4.1 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 4.2 Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 4.4 Automotive products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 4.5 Textiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 4.6 Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1765. Commercial services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 5.1 Transportation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 5.2 Travel services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 5.3 Other commercial services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Appendix tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

World maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Technical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

List of tables and charts

Overview

Chart 1 Share of China in selected economies’ merchandise exports and imports, 2000 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Chart 2 Volume growth of world merchandise trade and output by sector in 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Table 1 World exports of mechandise and commercial services, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Box 1 New country and product groups in WTO’s trade statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Chart 3 World merchandise exports by product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Box 2 China’s trade statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Chart 4 Oil demand and net oil imports of selected economies, 1971-2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Box 3 The relative importance of modes of supply in trade of commercial services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Chart 5 World merchandise trade by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Table 2 GDP and trade developments in North America, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Table 3 GDP and trade developments in South and Central America, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Chart 6 Product structure of South and Central America’s merchandise exports, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Chart 7 Dollar continued its decline vis-à-vis European currencies in 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Table 4 GDP and trade developments in Europe, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Chart 8 Product structure of CIS’s merchandise exports, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Table 5 GDP and trade developments in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Table 6 GDP and trade developments in Africa, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Chart 9 Product structure of Africa’s merchandise exports, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Chart 10 Product structure of the Middle East’s merchandise exports, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Table 7 Trade developments in the Middle East, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Table 8 GDP and trade developments in Asia, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Chart 11 Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 2003-05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Chart 12 Nominal and real petroleum prices, 1970-2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

I. World trade in 2004 - overview

Table I.1 Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Table I.2 Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Table I.3 Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Table I.4 Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Table I.5 Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Table I.6 Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU (25) trade), 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Table I.7 Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Table I.8 Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services (excluding intra-EU (25) trade), 2004 . . . . . . 24Table I.9 Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Table I.10 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Chart I.1 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

II. Selected long-term trends

Chart II.1 World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 1950-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Chart II.2 World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Table II.1 World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1951-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Table II.2 World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Table II.3 Merchandise trade of the United States by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004 . . . . . 33Table II.4 Merchandise trade of Europe by region and by product, 2000-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Table II.5 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

III. Trade by region

1. Overview

Chart III.1 Value of world merchandise trade by region,1997-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Chart III.2 Volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1997-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Table III.1 World merchandise exports by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Table III.2 World merchandise imports by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Table III.3 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Chart III.3 World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1997-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Table III.4 World exports of commercial services by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Table III.5 World imports of commercial services by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Table III.6 Exports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Table III.7 Imports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Chart III.4 Trade in commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

2. North America

Table III.8 Merchandise trade of North America, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Table III.9 Merchandise trade of North America by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Chart III.5 Merchandise trade of North America, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Chart III.6 Share of North America in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Table III.10 Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Table III.11 Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Table III.12 Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Table III.13 Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Table III.14 Merchandise exports and imports of Canada, Mexico and the United States, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Table III.15 Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Table III.16 Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Table III.17 Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Table III.18 Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Table III.19 Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

3. South and Central America

Table III.20 Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Table III.21 Merchandise trade of South and Central America by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Chart III.7 Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Chart III.8 Share of South and Central America in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Table III.22 Merchandise exports of South and Central America by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Table III.23 Merchandise exports of South and Central America by destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Table III.24 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in South and Central America, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Table III.25 Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Table III.26 Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Table III.27 Merchandise exports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Table III.28 Merchandise imports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Table III.29 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in South and Central America, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

4. Europe

Table III.30 Merchandise trade of Europe, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Table III.31 Merchandise trade of Europe by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Chart III.9 Merchandise trade of Europe, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Chart III.10 Share of Europe in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Table III.32 Merchandise exports of Europe by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Table III.33 Merchandise imports of Europe by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Table III.34 Merchandise exports of Europe by destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Table III.35 Merchandise imports of Europe by origin, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Table III.36 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Europe, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Table III.37 Merchandise trade of the European Union (25) by region and economy, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Table III.38 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Europe, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Table III.39 Trade in commercial services of France, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Table III.40 Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Table III.41 Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Table III.42 Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

5. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Table III.43 Merchandise trade of the CIS, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Table III.44 Merchandise trade of the CIS, by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Chart III.11 Merchandise trade of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Chart III.12 Share of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Table III.45 Merchandise exports of the CIS by major product group and main destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Table III.46 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the CIS, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Table III.47 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the CIS, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Table III.48 Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 2002-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Table III.49 Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 2002-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Table III.50 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in the CIS, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

6. Africa

Table III.51 Merchandise trade of Africa, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Table III.52 Merchandise trade of Africa by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Chart III.13 Merchandise trade of Africa, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Chart III.14 Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Table III.53 Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Table III.54 Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Table III.55 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Table III.56 Merchandise exports of the European Union (25) to Africa by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84Table III.57 Merchandise imports of the European Union (25) from Africa by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

7. Middle East

Table III.58 Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Table III.59 Merchandise trade of the Middle East by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Chart III.15 Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Chart III.16 Share of the Middle East in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Table III.60 Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Table III.61 Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Table III.62 Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 2000 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Table III.63 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

8. Asia

Table III.64 Merchandise trade of Asia, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Table III.65 Merchandise trade of Asia by region and by major product group, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Chart III.17 Merchandise trade of Asia, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Chart III.18 Share of Asia in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Table III.66 Merchandise exports of Asia by major product group and main destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Table III.67 Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Table III.68 Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Table III.69 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Table III.70 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and economy, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Table III.71 Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan to China by 95 major product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Table III.72 Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan from China by 97 major product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Table III.73 Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Table III.74 Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Table III.75 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Table III.76 Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100Table III.77 Trade in commercial services of China, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100Table III.78 Trade in commercial services of Taipei, Chinese, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Table III.79 Trade in commercial services of Korea, Republic of, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

9. Least-developed countries

Table III.80 Ratio of exports of goods and commercial services to GDP of least-developed countries, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Table III.81 Merchandise exports and imports of least-developed countries by selected country grouping, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Chart III.19 Merchandise exports of least-developed countries by selected product group and destination, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Chart III.20 Exports of least-developed countries by major product, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Table III.82 Imports of agicultural products, fuels and manufactures of the European Union (25), Asia and North America from least-developed countries, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Table III.83 Exports of commercial services of least-developed countries by category, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

IV. Trade by sector

1. Overview

Chart IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2000 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Table IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Chart IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 2000 and 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Table IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

2. Agricultural products

Table IV.3 World trade in agricultural products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Table IV.4 Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Table IV.5 Share of agricultural products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Chart IV.3 Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Table IV.6 Exports of agricultural products by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Table IV.7 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Table IV.8 Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116Table IV.9 Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Table IV.10 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

3. Fuels and mining products

Table IV.11 World trade in fuels and mining products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Table IV.12 Major regional flows in world exports of fuels and mining products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Table IV.13 Share of fuels and mining products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 . . . . . . . 119Chart IV.4 Regional shares in world trade in fuels and mining products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119Table IV.14 Exports of fuels and mining products by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

3.1 Fuels

Table IV.15 World trade in fuels, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Table IV.16 Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Table IV.17 Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Chart IV.5 Regional shares in world trade in fuels, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Table IV.18 Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122Table IV.19 Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

4. Manufactures

Table IV.20 World trade in manufactures, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Table IV.21 Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Table IV.22 Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Chart IV.6 Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124Table IV.23 Exports of manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125Table IV.24 Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union (25) and China by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Table IV.25 Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Table IV.26 Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Table IV.27 Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Table IV.28 Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

4.1 Iron and steel

Table IV.29 World trade in iron and steel, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Table IV.30 Major regional flows in world exports of iron and steel, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Table IV.31 Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Chart IV.7 Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132Table IV.32 Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Table IV.33 Imports of iron and steel of the European Union (25) and the United States by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . 134Table IV.34 Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

4.2 Chemicals

Table IV.35 World trade in chemicals, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Table IV.36 Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Table IV.37 Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Chart IV.8 Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Table IV.38 Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Table IV.39 Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Table IV.40 Leading exporters and importers of pharmaceuticals, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment

Table IV.41 World trade in office and telecom equipment, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Table IV.42 Major regional flows in world exports of office and telecom equipment, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Table IV.43 Share of office and telecom equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Chart IV.9 Regional shares in world trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140Table IV.44 Exports of office and telecom equipment by principal region and economy, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Table IV.45 Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142Table IV.46 Leading exporters and importers of office and telecom equipment, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144Table IV.47 Exports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Table IV.48 Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Table IV.49 Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Table IV.50 Leading exporters and importers of EDP and office equipment, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149Table IV.51 Exports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Table IV.52 Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Table IV.53 Imports of telecommunications equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152Table IV.54 Leading exporters and importers of telecommunications equipment, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154Table IV.55 Exports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Table IV.56 Imports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies , 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156Table IV.57 Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157Table IV.58 Leading exporters and importers of integrated circuits and electronic components, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Table IV.59 Exports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Table IV.60 Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

4. 4 Automotive products

Table IV.61 World trade in automotive products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Table IV.62 Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Table IV.63 Share of automotive products in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Chart IV.10 Regional shares in world trade in automotive products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Table IV.64 Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163Table IV.65 Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164Table IV.66 Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Table IV.67 Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166Table IV.68 Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

4.5 Textiles

Table IV.69 World trade in textiles, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Table IV.70 Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Table IV.71 Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Chart IV.11 Regional shares in world trade in textiles 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Table IV.72 Textile exports by principal region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169Table IV.73 Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170Table IV.74 Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Table IV.75 Textile exports of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174Table IV.76 Textile imports of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

4.6 Clothing

Table IV.77 World trade in clothing, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Table IV.78 Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Table IV.79 Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Chart IV.12 Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176Table IV.80 Clothing exports by principal region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Table IV.81 Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178Table IV.82 Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180Table IV.83 Clothing exports of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181Table IV.84 Clothing imports of selected economies, 1990-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

5. Commercial services

5.1 Transportation services

Table IV.85 World exports of transportation services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Chart IV.13 World exports of transportation services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Table IV.86 Share of transportation services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Chart IV.14 Regional shares in world trade in transportation services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Table IV.87 Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

5.2 Travel services

Table IV.88 World exports of travel services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Chart IV.15 World exports of travel services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Table IV.89 Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Chart IV.16 Regional shares in world trade in travel services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Table IV.90 Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

5.3 Other commercial services

Table IV.91 World exports of other commercial services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187Chart IV.17 World exports of other commercial services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187Table IV.92 Share of other commercial services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187Chart IV.18 Regional shares in world trade in other commercial services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187Table IV.93 Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188Chart IV.19 World exports of other commercial services by component and selected region, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Appendix tables

Table A1 World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191Table A2 Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2002-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192Table A3 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194Table A4 Merchandise trade by selected groups of countries, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195Table A5 Trade in commercial services by selected groups of countries, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196Table A6 World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197Table A7 World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201Table A8 World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205Table A9 World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208Table A10 Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Table A11 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218Table A12 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 2000-04 - European Union (25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219Table A13 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220Table A14 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221Table A15 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222Table A16 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224Table A17 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Brasil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226Table A18 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - European Union (25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228Table A19 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230Table A20 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Hong Kong, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232Table A21 Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Hong Kong, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234Table A22 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236Table A23 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Korea, Rep. of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238Table A24 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240Table A25 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Taipei, Chinese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242Table A26 Export prices of primary commodities, 1994-05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244Table A27 Export prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245Table A28 Import prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

World maps

Map M1 Composition of geographical regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247Map M2 WTO Members and Observers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248Map M3 Ratio of exports and imports of goods and commercial services to GDP, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249Map M4 Exports of goods and commercial services per capita, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

Abbreviations and symbols

ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States

ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations

AFTA ASEAN Free Trade Area

BOP Balance of Payments

BPM5 Balance of Payments Manual, fifth edition

CACM Central American Common Market

CARICOM Caribbean Common Market

CEMA Economic and Monetary Community of Central

African States

CIS Commonwealth of Independent States

COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

ECCAS Economic Community of Central African States

ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States

EFTA European Free Trade Association

EU European Union

EUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European Communities

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United

Nations

FDI Foreign Direct Investment

GCC Gulf Co-operation Council

GDP Gross Domestic Product

GNP Gross National Product

HS Harmonized Commodity Description and

Coding System

IEA International Energy Agency

IMF International Monetary Fund

ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification

LDCs Least-developed countries

MERCOSUR Southern Common Market

NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement

OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development

SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation

SADC South African Development Community

SAPTA South Asian Preferential Trade Arrangement

SITC Standard International Trade Classification

WAEMU West African Economic and Monetary Union

UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

UNECLAC United Nations Economic Commission for Latin

America and the Caribbean

UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and

Development

UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development

Organization

UNSD United Nations Statistics Division

c.i.f. cost, insurance and freight

f.o.b. free on board

n.e.s. not elsewhere specified

n.i.e. not included elsewhere

The following symbols are used in this publication:

... not available 0 figure is zero or became zero due to rounding - not applicable $ United States dollars Q1, Q2 1st quarter, 2nd quarter I break in comparability of data series. Data after the symbol do not form a consistent series with those from earlier years.

Billion means one thousand million.

Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding.

Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in U.S. dollars; (ii) trade figures include the intra-trade of free trade areas, customs unions, geographical and other groups; (iii) merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis and (iv) merchandise exports are f.o.b. and merchandise imports are c.i.f. Data for the latest year are provisional.

Closing date 31 August 2005

World Trade Developments in 2004 and Prospects for 2005

1. Highlights of world trade in 2004

The year 2004 witnessed strong economic growth across most major regions, providing a solid basis for vigorous global trade expansion. Trade and GDP were particularly buoyant in South and Central America and in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), while North America, Asia and to a lesser extent Europe also recorded some acceleration in trade and output growth. A noteworthy feature in 2004 was that the two most populous countries in the world – China and India – recorded outstanding economic growth (9.5 per cent and 7.3 per cent respectively) and trade expansion for the second year in a row.

Trade growth continued to exceed output growth in 2004. Sectoral developments highlight the fact that the excess of trade over output growth was particularly large for manufactures and only marginal for agricultural products. The volume of trade in fuels and other mining products expanded somewhat faster than output, with output recording its highest growth in more than a decade. The sharp rise in demand for many primary commodities, in particular fuels and other mining products, resulted in tight markets and substantial price increases. The depreciation of the US dollar by nine per cent vis-à-vis a basket of European currencies in 2004 contributed to a rise in Europe’s dollar trade prices and nominal trade values. The combination of higher commodity prices and stronger European currencies led to a double-digit nominal price rate of growth in international trade.

Price developments were often the major factor in explaining the relative strength of trade flows in 2004. This observation is valid for both merchandise and commercial services trade. Largely due to sharply higher prices, the value of world exports of iron and steel, ores and minerals, non-ferrous metals and fuels increased between 30 per cent and 45 per cent in 2004. This recent surge in value growth contrasted with the long-term decline of the shares of these product categories in world trade.

A new and more detailed product breakdown of world merchandise trade presented in this report highlights the strength of exports of scientific and controlling instruments, which expanded faster than other manufactured goods, both the short- and medium-term. In 2004, trade in scientific and controlling instruments almost equalled that in textiles.

Merchandise exports of the (CIS), Africa, and the Middle East, consisting for the most part of fuels and other mining products, rose between 29 per cent and 37 per cent in 2004. South and Central America’s exports, which are more diversified, increased by nearly 30 per cent, helped by the economic recovery in Argentina and Venezuela. Imports of Asia, Europe and North America, all net importers of fuels and other mining products, increased in value terms faster than exports largely due to relative price developments. The rise in commodity prices, together with an increase in fuel export volumes, enabled the LDCs to participate fully in the global trade expansion and to increase their share in world merchandise exports and imports in 2004.

A particularly notable feature of world trade in 2004, after the rise of oil prices, was the continuing emergence of China as a major market for, and supplier of, goods and services. The sustained and dynamic growth of China’s exports and imports over recent years ranked it third among the leading traders in 2004. For many commodities, China has become the largest importer and for a number of manufactured goods, the largest

supplier in the world. Chart 1 below highlights China’s increased importance as a trading partner for selected economies between 2000 and 2004. Unsurprisingly, the share of China tends to be particularly high in many Asian economies, and a number of commodity exporters in Africa and the Middle East are also shipping a major part of their exports to China (e.g. Sudan, Congo and Yemen).

For a number of countries, China’s export or import share has doubled over the last four years. The rapid rise of China in international trade is creating opportunities for many but also calling for adjustment from others. Suppliers of primary commodities welcome increased Chinese demand, while other importers have to compete more strongly and pay, on average, higher prices for their commodity imports. China’s enhanced role as a supplier of electronic goods and textile products has sharpened the competition and exerted a downward pressure on prices in these sectors. While this is good news for consumers, producers of these goods in developed and developing countries are forced to adjust to a new situation. The international trading system faces a challenge in ensuring that these adjustments proceed gradually without protectionist backlashes. The ongoing trade negotiations of the Doha Round provide an opportunity to strengthen the global trading system against costly inward-looking tendencies.

a 2003 instead of 2004

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

SudanHong Kong, ChinaKorea Dem. Rep. a

YemenCongo a

Korea Rep.Chinese TaipeiMacao, China

JapanChile

SingaporeAustralia

IndiaThailand

IndonesiaMalaysia

BrazilNew ZealandExtra-EU(25)United States

Exports

0 10 20 30 40 50

Myanmar aMacao, China

Hong Kong, ChinaKyrgystan a

Korea Dem. Rep. aJapan

CambodiaVietnam

United StatesKorea Rep.

AustraliaExtra-EU(25)

United Arab Emirates aNew Zealand

Chinese TaipeiMalaysia

IndonesiaThailand

South AfricaBrazil

Imports

2000 2004

Chart 1

Share of China in selected economies' merchandise exports and imports, 2000 and 2004(Percentage share)

2. Trade volume and output developments in 2004

In 2004, the volume of merchandise trade exports rose by 9 per cent, the highest performance since 2000. This acceleration is attributable largely to the dynamic performance of trade in manufactures, which expanded by 10 per cent, or twice as fast as in 2003. World merchandise production was up by 4 per cent, the best result since 2000, when global merchandise production rose by more than 5 per cent (Chart 2).

Agricultural trade is estimated to have grown in real terms by 3.5 per cent in 2004, a rate unchanged from the preceding year. North American exports of agricultural products stagnated and those of Europe rose by 2.5 per cent, which was less than the global average. South and Central America, as well as the CIS region and Africa, recorded above average export growth. Asia, a net importer of agricultural products, increased its exports by 3 per cent in 2004. Agricultural trade growth continued to exceed output growth (3 per cent), but by the smallest margin since 2000.

Sharply higher prices for fuels and mining products on international markets went together with a further strong volume rise in global trade in this category. The expansion of trade in fuels and mining products in 2004 was 5.5 per cent, which was even more vigorous than in the preceding year. This was despite a deceleration of shipments from the Middle East, the major supplier, to about 5 per cent. A rebound of exports from both Americas, combined with a continuation of the high export expansion of the CIS and Africa, contributed to this robust trade expansion in 2004, which significantly exceeded the average long term growth (1973-2004). A large part of the increased exports were directed to the United States and China to cover their high oil import demand. Output growth in the global mining sector rose by somewhat more than 4 per cent. Such a strong annual expansion in output was last seen in 1989.

Global trade growth in manufactures, which expanded by 10 per cent in 2004, exceeded growth in global manufacturing output by a large margin. Once again, it is mainly the manufacturing sector which is largely responsible for the excess of merchandise trade growth over merchandise output (see Chart 2 and Chart II.1).

Trade in manufactures rose by 10 per cent in real terms in 2004, the highest performance since 2000. A rebound of exports from North America (9 per cent) and Europe (7 per cent) was the principal factor behind the more vigorous expansion of global trade in manufactures. The two regions combined still account for nearly two thirds of global trade in manufactures. Asia’s real exports of manufactures are estimated to have expanded by 15 per cent and amount to 30 per cent of world trade. The strength of Asia’s trade performance had been even more outstanding over the medium term. Between 2000 and 2004, the export volume of manufactures from Asia is estimated to have increased by 40 per cent, from Europe by 13 per cent, while North America’s export volume (due to contraction in 2001 and 2002) only regained its previous peak level of 2000 in 2004.

Real trade in commercial services at a global level is difficult to estimate due to insufficient price information. However, for some major traders, information is provided in their national accounts data. According to this information, real export and import growth of services was less dynamic than that of merchandise.1

3. Merchandise and commercial services trade in dollar value by sector

In 2004, the dollar value of world trade was boosted by volume and price changes. Prices of primary products and of transportation services recorded very sharp increases. World merchandise trade expanded by 21 per cent, to $8.9 trillion. This represents the strongest annual value increase since 1979 (see Table II.1). Price changes accounted for slightly more than half of this value increase. Exports of fuels and other mining products expanded by almost one third in 2004 and, as in the preceding year, substantially faster than trade in manufactures or agricultural products, which rose by 20 per cent and 15 per cent respectively. World commercial services exports rose 18 per cent in 2004, and for the first time surpassed the $2 trillion mark (Table 1). Between 2000 and 2004, both global merchandise and commercial services exports rose at an average annual rate of about 9 per cent. For the first time since 1995, the export expansion of transportation services exceeded that of other commercial services. Travel services recovered strongly in 2004, but still account for a smaller share in services trade than in 2000.

1 In the United States real services exports rose 7.4 per cent and imports 9.6 per cent in 2004, in each case about 1.5 percentage points less than the rise in its real goods trade. In the EU(25) real services exports went up by nearly 5 per cent and real services imports by about 3 per cent in 2004. Again, the expansion of goods trade was significantly stronger than that of services trade

Chart 2

Volume growth of world merchandise trade and output by sector in 2004(Percentage change)

Manufactures

Agriculture

Fuels andmining

products

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Output

Worldtrade

Worldoutput

the divergent price trends among products. United States import price developments illustrate this feature rather well. In 2004, US import prices for iron and steel products rose by nearly 40 per cent, while those of clothing stagnated. United States import prices for fuels and other mining products averaged 28 per cent, while those for agricultural products rose by 9 per cent. For more information on trade prices, see Appendix Tables A.26 through A.28. The new product breakdown adopted in this report also highlights the dynamic trade expansion of the category scientific and controlling instruments in recent years. In 2004, world exports in this category rose by 27 per cent, to $188 billion, nearly matching world exports of textiles. Trade in this product group is largely concentrated on flows between Europe, Asia and North America.

2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Merchandise 8907 9 5 17 21

Agricultural products 783 9 6 16 15Fuels and mining products 1281 10 0 23 32Manufactures 6570 9 5 16 20

Commercial services 2125 9 7 14 18Transportation 500 10 4 14 23Travel 625 7 4 10 18Other commercial services 1000 11 10 16 16

Annual percentage change

Table 1

World exports of merchandise and commercial services, 2000-04

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Merchandise trade by product group

An overview of world merchandise exports by product in 2004 is provided in Chart 3 and in Table IV.1 according to a new, more detailed product breakdown. For a description of changes, see Box.1. One outstanding feature of merchandise trade in 2004 was the unusually large variation in the year-to-year value changes between the various product groups. In four product groups – iron and steel, ores and minerals, non-ferrous metals, and fuels – world exports expanded between 46 per cent and 31 per cent, while for three others – agricultural products, textiles, and clothing – the export growth was far weaker, ranging between 15 and 11 per cent. The wide differences observed in value growth are largely explained by

Box 1: New country and product groups in WTO’s trade statistics

The WTO has recently adopted new standard geographical and commodity groups which appear for the first time in this year’s edition of International Trade Statistics. It is hoped that these changes will provide additional insight into recent economic and technological developments, while still maintaining a high degree of historical consistency with earlier editions of the publication. The most important changes to the geographical groups involve the enlargement of the European Union from 15 to 25 members and the inclusion of Mexico in North America. Existing product groups have been carried over with few changes, although more detailed breakdowns have been provided for certain products. Please refer to the technical notes for details.

Summary of changes to the geographical groups

The accession of 10 new member States to the European Union in May 2004 rendered our previous groups Western Europe and Central and Eastern Europe, the Baltic States and the Commonwealth of Independent States (transition economies) obsolete. Consequently, two new groups have been created: Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States. The new Europe aggregate is divided into the European Union (25) and Other Europe.

Mexico has been included in North America because of its geographic location and its high level of economic integration with the region. In the past, Mexican trade flows largely dominated Latin America’s trade with the United States and tended to distort aggregate trade figures for the region. As a result, the former Latin America group has been replaced by a new group labelled South and Central America and the Caribbean which excludes Mexico. Other regions remain unchanged from previous years.

It will still be possible for users to obtain regional trade figures for Latin America and North America excluding Mexico through our online database at http://stat.wto.org. However, for the new Europe aggregate, we are unable to provide historically consistent time series at the detailed product by partner level prior to the year 2000.

Summary of changes to the product groups

Product classifications require periodic adjustments to account for technological developments and changes in global trade patterns. There have been many such developments in recent years that warranted the current revisions to WTO’s product groups. These revisions fall into two broad categories: 1) the renaming of existing groups to promote transparency and clarity of presentations; and 2) the addition of new groups to provide more detailed breakdowns for major products.

All existing WTO products have been carried over under the new classification, but some have been renamed in

Hong Kong, China, the Republic of Korea and Chinese Taipei experienced an absolute decline in their export shipments of clothing, as did the United States and Mexico, not only in 2004 but in each of the four years ahead of the termination of the ATC quota system (December 31, 2004). Among the countries that increased their share in (textiles and) clothing exports in recent years are China, Turkey, Romania, Viet Nam and Tunisia. These countries recorded double digit export growth not only in 2004, but also over the entire 2000-2004 period.

Among the major suppliers, China expanded its shipments of textiles and clothing more than two times faster than global trade over the last four years.5 In 2004, US imports of clothing from China rose by more than one third, to $16.2 billion, exceeding for the first time the corresponding imports of the EU(25) and Japan (Table IV.81). Europe’s textile and clothing exports increased somewhat more than 10 per cent, and thereby only slightly less than world trade. Africa’s exports of clothing rose by about 10 per cent, to $9.5 billion in 2004. Although African exports continued to expand faster to the United States than to the EU(25) market, and continued to gain import market share in the former and a loss in the second, African clothing shipments to the EU(25) ($7.7 billion) were still three times larger than those to the United States (see Table IV.81).

World exports of agricultural products expanded by 15 per cent, to $783 billion dollars in 2004.2 Export growth was not only less rapid than in 2003, but also lower than for world merchandise trade, bringing the share of agricultural products in global merchandise trade back to its long-term low of 8.8 per cent (first reached in 2000). The rise in the dollar value of global agricultural trade is attributable largely to price developments, as unit values of agricultural products are estimated to have increased by 11 per cent in 2004. Exports of agricultural raw materials expanded faster than those of food, which represents a departure from past trends. Europe’s exports of agricultural products rose somewhat less than global trade, and accounted for 47 per cent of world exports in 2004. Intra-European trade in agricultural products represented 38 per cent of the world total in these products in 2004. North America not only recorded the slowest export growth in 2004, but its share in world exports of agricultural products has decreased by 4 percentage points since 2000, to less than 17 per cent in 2004. United States exports of agricultural products, affected by poor weather and the discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (BSE) in the US cattle livestock in December 2003, recorded 4 per cent growth – the lowest rate among the major exporters (see Table IV.8).3 Agricultural product exports of South and Central America, Africa and the CIS recorded above-average growth for the second year in a row. Consequently, their share in world exports in this category has increased markedly between 2000 and 2004. Although Asia’s agricultural exports have exceeded those of North America since 2003, the region remains the world’s largest net importer. Australia’s exports rebounded by 35 per cent, the strongest gain among the leading agricultural exporters in 2004. Among the leading agricultural importers, China reported an import expansion of about 40 per cent for the second year in a row.

Exports of textiles and clothing recorded increases of 13 per cent and 11 per cent respectively, the weakest growth among the major product groups in 2004. The relatively lacklustre growth in the dollar value of these products can be partly attributed to moderate price changes.4 Since 2000, the combined share of textiles and clothing has decreased by one half of a percentage point, to 5.1 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2004. The rather moderate nominal expansion of world trade in textiles and clothing was accompanied by profound shifts among suppliers.

the interest of clarity. For example, the previous Mining products group continues to exist under the new nameFuels and mining products. This change reflects the fact that fuels represent the largest component of this particular aggregate. Another example is the former Electrical machinery and apparatus, which has been renamed simply Electrical machinery to facilitate presentation in tables.

More significant from the user’s point of view is the addition of new product aggregates. The group Chemicalshas now been broken down into Pharmaceuticals andOther chemicals due to the increased importance of

pharmaceutical products in international trade. Office and telecommunications equipment has also been disaggregated into the subgroups Electronic data processing and office equipment, Telecommunications equipment and Integrated circuits and electronic components. Other consumer goods,renamed as Other manufactured goods, were subdivided into Personal and household goods, Scientific and controlling instruments, and Miscellaneous manufactures. This was done because the existing groups had become quite large and were too heterogeneous to provide meaningful information. Please refer to the technical notes for the precise definitions of the new products.

2 The definition of agricultural products applied in this report differs from that used in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture. See Technical Notes in the Appendix. 3 Bad weather and diseases led to an 11 per cent decline in US soybean production and a 15 per cent fall in US soybean exports. Cattle and beef exports shrank by 83 per cent or 2.9 billion in 2004.4 In the United States, for example, clothing import prices stagnated, while import prices of all merchandise rose by 5.7 per cent (see Appendix Table A28). United States clothing imports rose by 6 per cent in value and volume terms in 2004.

Chart 3

World merchandise exports by product group, 2004

(Annual percentage change)

Automotive products ($847bn)

Other machinery ($1134bn)

Other semi manufactures ($633bn)

Other chemicals ($729bn)

Scientific and controlling instruments ($188bn)

Agricultural products ($783bn)

Non-ferrous metals ($172bn)

Office & telecom. equip. ($1134bn)

Iron and steel ($266bn)

Ores & minerals ($116bn)

Fuels ($993bn)

Pharmaceuticals($247bn)

Textiles ($195bn)

Clothing ($258bn)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Average

5 Some caution is indicated in the analysis of the rise in China’s textiles trade. Chinese customs reports indicate that $2.4 billion or 16 per cent of China’s textiles imports originated from China in 2004. These imports from China entail a certain type of double counting (see Box 2).

Box 1 (continued)

5World trade in automotive products rose by 16 per cent, to $847 billion in 2004. For the first time since 1997, trade in automotive products expanded less than that of manufactured goods. Europe’s exports of automotive products again rose faster than the global average and accounted for 57 per cent of world trade. A large part of this increase is due to an expansion of intra-European trade. Asia’s exports expanded by 20 per cent, to $172.5 billion in 2004, exceeding for the first time those of North America. Among the Asian countries, the Republic of Korea sharply increased its exports (40 per cent) while those of Japan continued to lag behind the growth in global exports of automotive products. Despite this less dynamic export performance, Japan still accounts for more than two thirds of Asia’s automotive exports. The share of North America in world exports of automotive products decreased by 7 percentage points between 2000 and 2004, to 20.3 per cent of world exports. Most of this decline has to be attributed to the sluggishness of intra-North American trade. The net-fuel exporting regions – the Middle East, Africa, the CIS and to a lesser extent also South and Central America – have been the most dynamic import markets for automotive products over the last two years. While Europe’s automotive product exports exceed those of Asia to Africa and the CIS, Asian exports are greater than those of Europe to the Middle East and to South and Central America (see Table IV.64).

International trade in office and telecom equipment rose19 per cent, to $1134 billion in 2004. Trade in this product category expanded at nearly twice the rate of world merchandise trade in the 1990s, but has fallen short of the rate of global trade expansion in each year since 2000. A new breakdown of world trade statistics in office telecom equipment into three subcategories, namely electronic data processing (EDP) and office equipment, telecom equipment and integrated circuits, reveals marked differences in their recent trade performance. International trade in telecom equipment was the least affected by the burst of the IT bubble in 2001-02 and recorded an outstanding growth rate of 25 per cent in 2004. Exports of EDP and office equipment, as well as those of integrated circuits, contracted sharply in 2001-02 and grew less strongly thereafter.

Only in 2004 did these two product groups recover fully from their trade contraction and attain their previous peak level of 2000.

A regional breakdown of exports of office and telecom equipment in 2004 confirms Asia’s leading role in world trade in these products. Asia’s exports of office and telecom equipment rose by 25 per cent, two times faster than exports of all the other regions combined (12.4 per cent). Within Asia it is above all the rise of exports from China which is outstanding. Its exports of office and telecom equipment are reported to have increased by 46 per cent, or three times faster than the rest of the world. The increase of Chinese imports by more than one third is still twice that of all other countries combined. China has become the world’s largest importer of integrated circuits and its exports of EDP and office equipment exceeded the combined exports of the United States and Japan (Tables IV.50 and IV.58).

It is a well known feature of international trade in office and telecom equipment that it contains a large element of double counting linked to the deep cross-border integration of the production process of electronic goods. This leads to a large back-and-forward flow of intermediate inputs or components. In the case of China, a further element to be taken into account is the ever closer link between the Chinese economy and that of Hong Kong, China. There are few trade barriers left between China and Hong Kong, China. The latter economy has long since abolished all tariffs and China’s imports into bonded areas, the main source of its exports, are also duty free. In addition, the Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between the two economies and China’s membership in the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) provide for duty free import into China of a large number of IT products. Against this background one has to note that a large and increasing part of China’s trade in office and telecom equipment is affected by exports of office and telecom products which return to China after being exported to Hong Kong, China, which is used as a transportation/distribution hub (see Box 2).

Box 2: China’s trade statistics

China’s share in world merchandise trade has more than doubled over the last decade and exceeded 6 per cent in 2004. An analysis of this outstanding trade performance calls for good knowledge of China’s trade statistics. A closer look at China’s merchandise trade returns reveals a unique feature: China reports sharply rising imports from China, a trade flow which accounted for nearly 7 per cent (or $38.7 billion) of its merchandise imports in 20041. These imports consist of products which have been “produced or manufactured wholly” in China and have not undergone “substantial transformation” abroad after being exported. Even if China’s customs authorities strictly apply the international recommendations in respect to the “rules of origin”, it might be argued that these goods should not to be considered as a part of China’s foreign trade (with adjustments made on both the export and import side) in an economic analysis.

What explanation can be given for the existence and rise of China’s imports from China? The deep integration of the economy of Hong Kong, China with that of China through FDI flows and reduced trade barriers increases not only the exchanges between the two economies, but blurs in some cases the differences between foreign and domestic trade,

thus complicating the analysis of China’s reported trade by trading partner. The sharp rise in recent years of this particular trade flow can be attributed to various factors, all of which are linked to these closer economic ties between China and Hong Kong, China:

Hong Kong, China’s conversion to a services economy was supported by its enhanced role as a distribution centre of globally operating multinationals with production plants in China. These firms produce goods in China, export them to an affiliated or unaffiliated global distributor located in Hong Kong, China, from which goods are then shipped to many destinations including shipments back to China.

Some goods produced in one bonded area in China have to be processed further or used as inputs in a plant located in a second bonded area in China. The shipment between the two plants may, however, be made not directly but via Hong Kong, China. The reason for this triangular trade could be higher administrative and/or transportation costs between the two bonded areas in China than between bonded areas in China and Hong Kong, China. The higher administrative costs (time and fees) for trade between bonded areas in China might be due to the administration of tax collection and tax refund systems. Triangular trade flows between two bonded areas in China via Hong Kong, China and the return of goods

In 2004, international trade in chemicals continued to expand faster than trade in manufactures. Global exports of chemicals rose by 21 per cent to $976 billion and accounted for 11 per cent of world merchandise trade for the first time. Trade in pharmaceuticals, which was the most dynamic component of world chemicals trade over the last decade, expanded slightly less than other chemicals, which rose by 22 per cent in 2004.6

Other chemicals include petrochemicals, which recorded a substantial price increase in 2004, contributing to a large rise in export values. Largely due to these relative price differences between pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, all regions whose chemicals exports contain a large share of petrochemicals, such as the Middle East, the CIS and South and Central America, recorded particularly strong growth in their chemical exports in 2004 (ranging between 25 per cent and 30 per cent). North America’s exports of pharmaceuticals, which lost market shares at the beginning of this decade, surged 25 per cent in 2004, boosted by an increase of one third in US shipments to Europe. Despite this marked rise of US exports to Europe, the bilateral trade flow in pharmaceuticals remained largely in favour of Europe (Table A.16). European pharmaceutical exports to the world rose to $200 billion and accounted for about 80 per cent of world trade. Intra-European trade alone accounts for 56 per cent of world pharmaceutical exports in 2004. Switzerland maintained its prominent position as the world’s third largest exporter. Its pharmaceuticals exports rose by 23 per cent, to $23 billion, and nearly matched those of the United States (see Table IV.40).

The sharp rise in average crude petroleum and coal prices in 2004 boosted the dollar value of international fuels trade to nearly $1000 billion, a new record level. Strong domestic oil demand in the United States and China, which was not matched by an increase in domestic oil output, led to a surge in net imports of oil. Although global oil production rose by 4.5 per cent in 2004, the rise in import demand led to a reduction in spare production and refining capacity, and as temporary transportation bottlenecks emerged, tight markets resulted in higher prices. Chart 4 reports on the evolution of oil demand in some major economies and highlights the marked rise of oil imports of the United States, China and India. The EU(15), Japan and the Republic of Korea which had long been large net importers of oil, diversified their energy sources and limited the rise in oil demand over the last decades.7

The share of crude petroleum and petroleum products in international fuels trade has remained rather stable over the last decades, at about 80 per cent, which is more than twice the share oil holds in global energy consumption. Natural gas has increased its share in the value of world fuels trade to about 13 per cent, largely at the expense of coal, which in 2004 is estimated to have counted for about 5 per cent. The Middle East remained by far the largest exporter of fuels in 2004 ($284 billion), although both the CIS and Africa recorded larger export growth not only in 2004, but also over the 2000-04 period. Africa’s oil production rose by 10 per cent, or more than twice global output growth, in 2004. Its fuels exports, estimated at $120 billion, exceeded those of the CIS for the first time. The expansion of African fuel exports in recent years is partly due to the emergence of new producers and exporters in the region, such as Chad, Equatorial Guinea and Sudan. Despite the rise in the number of African oil exporters, a large majority of the more than fifty African countries remain net importers of fuels.8

Commercial services trade9

Exports of transportation services increased in 2004 by 23 per cent to $500 billion. Among the three major commercial services categories, transportation services account for the smallest share but for the strongest increase in 2004. This is a departure from past trends, when transportation services recorded trade growth well below that of the two other services categories. An explanation for this untypical development can be found in the combination of strong merchandise trade growth and higher transportation costs.10 Asia and the CIS region, which recorded the most dynamic expansion of merchandise trade, also reported the largest increase in imports of transportation services.

Travel services rose worldwide by 18 per cent, to $626 billion, and thereby much faster than in the preceding year. This acceleration in the export growth of travel services can be largely attributed to the rebound of exports in Asia (31 per cent) after the contraction in 2003 caused by the outbreak of the SARS epidemic. Asia’s travel receipts in 2004 exceeded those of North America (including Mexico) for the first time, although the latter region recorded positive annual growth for the first time after the events of September 11, 2001. United States’ exports of

through a distribution platform located in Hong Kong, China obviously involve minimal value-added. The question arises whether these trade flows should be recorded as foreign trade.

Another category of products reported as imports from China involve trade flows linked to inward processing activities of Hong Kong, China based companies. Textiles produced in China which undergo some transformation by a Hong Kong, China company in Hong Kong, China, and are thereafter returned to China, may include value added that

is too small (less than 30 per cent) to qualify as a foreign product (of Hong Kong, China).

The product structure of China’s imports from China reveals that in absolute terms, office and telecom equipment is the largest category ($19.5 billion in 2004) in this particular trade flow. The share of these returned goods is particularly large in electronic data processing equipment (29 per cent), telecom equipment (25 per cent) and in textiles imports (16 per cent).

1 General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China, China’s Customs Statistics, Monthly Exports and Imports, 12, 2004, p.4

6 A review of the dynamic expansion of world exports of pharmaceuticals can be found in WTO, World Trade Report 2005 available at : http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/anrep_e/wtr05-1b_e.pdf7 In the case of the EU(15) the rise in North Sea oil production sharply reduced the need for extra-regional oil imports. Beside energy conservation measures, an increase in liquefied natural gas contributed to limit oil imports of Japan and the Republic of Korea.

8 See WTO, World Trade Report 2005, Part B, on oil market developments and developing countries.9 Commercial services data reported below are based on Balance of Payments Statistics which do not cover all modes of supply. For the relative importance of modes of supply in trade of commercial services, see Box 3.10 According to U.S. Department of Labor statistics, oil tanker freight rates increased by more than one third and those of ocean liner freights by 9 per cent in 2004.

Box 2 (continued)

Source: IEA, Oil information 2005.

Net ImportsDemand

Korea, Republic of

United States

EU (15)

Chart 4

Oil demand and net oil imports of selected economies, 1971-2004

(Million metric tons)

travel receipts in 2004 did not fully recover to their previous peak level observed in 2000. Europe, which accounts for more than one half of global travel receipts, was the only region which recorded lower growth in 2004 than in 2003, a development largely due to the more moderate appreciation of the US dollar vis-à-vis the euro and other European currencies (see Chart 8).11 African travel receipts continued to expand for the second year in a row, at a rate faster than worldwide receipts. In particular, North African countries reported a strong expansion

of travel receipts (e.g. Egypt 34 per cent, Tunisia 25 per cent and Morocco 22 per cent). The expansion of South and Central America’s exports of travel services (15 per cent) remained below the global average, as the sharply higher receipts of Brazil (30 per cent), Argentina (28 per cent) and Chile (27 per cent) contrasted with the stagnation of receipts of the Dominican Republic. The Dominican Republic, which was the region’s largest exporter of travel services during the 2001-2003 period, was replaced by Brazil, which became South America’s leading exporter of travel services for the first time in 2004.

11 Expressed in euro terms, Europe’s travel receipts rose by 4.1 per cent in 2004 and -0.9 per cent in 2003.

Box 3: The relative importance of modes of supply in trade of commercial services

The GATS refers to measures by Members affecting trade in services whereby “services” include[s] any service in any sector except services supplied in the exercise of governmental authority.1 For the purpose of the negotiations, services were detailed in the Services Sectoral Classification List (GNS/W/120). GATS also defines four different modes through which services can be supplied. These are cross-border (mode 1), consumption abroad (mode 2), commercial presence (mode 3) and presence of natural persons (mode 4). Members of the WTO specify their commitments by type of service and by mode.

Trade analysts and negotiators are naturally interested in information on trade in services according to the above categories. Unfortunately, current statistical measures for international trade in services do not fully match the coverage of the Services Sectoral Classification List nor do they allow for the modal allocation of these transactions.

The recently adopted Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services sets out a statistical framework that attempts to close this gap. It allows for an improved assessment of services trade liberalization in a GATS context.2

It builds on existing statistical frameworks such as the IMF Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) to measure flows related to modes 1, 2 and 4, and suggests the development of a new statistical framework for collecting information on the activities of affiliates abroad, the Foreign Affiliate Trade in Services (FATS) statistics framework.

The Balance of Payments (BOP) records international transactions between residents and non-residents of an economy. For services, these transactions are classified according to 11 main components: transportation, travel, communication, construction, insurance, financial services, computer and information services, royalties and licence fees, other business services, personal, cultural and recreational services, and government services not included elsewhere.

While these components collectively match the GATS product coverage relatively well, some deviations exist. For example, of the larger BOP royalties and licence fees component GATS refers only to franchise payments. Also the BOP statistics record the value of repair of most goods sent abroad in the goods account.

A further difficulty is that these international transactions in services often include delivery through several modes. Currently, statistical systems are not able to identify the share of different modes in an international transaction. The Manual consequently suggests the allocation of a services component to the mode believed to be mostly employed for delivering the service. For example, transportation services are deemed to be supplied cross-border and the transactions would be allocated to mode 1. Following this simplified approach, the Manual recommends the following statistical coverage of modes of supply.3

Statistical coverage of modes of supply (approximations)

Mode of supply Relevant statistical

domains

Mode 1:Cross border supply

BOP: part of commercial services (excluding travel andconstruction services)

Mode 2:Consumption abroad BOP: Travel

Mode 3: Commercial presence

FATS statistics BOP: constructionservices (part of)

Mode 4:Presence of natural persons

BOP: part of commercial services (excluding travel)BOP: labour-related flows (supplementary information)

It should be mentioned that this approach does not strictly adhere to GATS concepts. Nevertheless, it allows a statistical approximation to be made on the relative importance of modes of supply.

FATS statistics are a new statistical framework that countries have started to implement in their standard data collection activities. The aim of this framework is to measure the affiliates activities, for example, their sales or value added. Currently, these statistics are mostly available for OECD members. Using these data on services-producing activities, the Secretariat estimated that global sales delivered through “commercial presence” are approximately 1.5 times higher than conventional trade (cross-border supply of services).4 Combining this estimate with BOP statistics allows an estimation of trade flows in services according to their relative importance as follows:

cross-border supply 35%

consumption abroad 10-15%

commercial presence 50%

presence of natural persons 1-2%

1 The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations, The

Legal Texts, WTO, 1995.2 Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, Statistical Papers, Series M, No.86, United Nations.3 Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, Statistical Papers, Series M, No.86, United Nations, p.24

4 For more detailed information on FATS statistics, see International Trade Statistics Report 2004, Box 1

5Exports of other commercial services, the largest and most heterogeneous group of the three major services categories, rose by 16 per cent to $1000 billion in 2004. In contrast to travel and transportation services the 2004 growth rate remained unchanged from the preceding year, and for the first time since 1995 also weaker than for all services combined. This untypical weak performance of other commercial services can be partly attributed to developments in US services trade. In 2004, US receipts for telecom services declined and those of insurance and education services rose only marginally.12 In contrast to the deceleration of export growth in North America and Europe, Asia’s exports of other commercial services recorded outstanding growth of nearly one quarter (its highest annual growth since 1980). Asia’s growth in 2004 is partly affected by statistical revisions, resulting in an improved coverage of trade flows.13 As a consequence of these revisions, India emerged as Asia’s second largest exporter of other commercial services in 2004, ahead of China and Hong Kong, China.14

4. Trade by region and country

The large impact of the rise in commodity prices in 2004 on regional trade developments is highlighted by the fact that all those regions which export mainly primary products (i.e. fuels, other mining products and agricultural products) recorded the highest export growth rates in 2004. In three cases, Africa, the CIS and the Middle East, fuels and other mining products accounted for 55 to 75 per cent of their merchandise exports in 2004. The sharply higher export earnings allowed these regions to expand their merchandise imports at a rate faster than the global average, but still somewhat more slowly than their exports (Chart 5). The share of the four regions combined reached 12.8 per cent of world trade, the highest level in more than a decade. Merchandise exports of North America and Europe, however, expanded not only less rapidly than global trade but also less strongly than their higher priced imports. Asia’s merchandise imports also rose faster than exports and more rapidly than world trade. Between 2000 and 2004, all regions increased their share in merchandise exports at the expense of North America, a reversal of the developments observed in the 1990s. North America, which had increased its share in world exports between 1990 and 2000 by almost three percentage points, lost nearly five percentage points in its share over the last four years.

A summary review of the annual trade performance of more than 180 individual countries in 2004 shows that the expansion was broadly based across individual traders for both merchandise and commercial services trade (exports and imports). The difference between global trade growth (the weighted average), the arithmetic average and the median value was less than two percentage points in every case in 2004. In addition, the standard deviation of the export and import growth rates, an indicator measuring the degree of variation of variables, was one of the lowest observed in the last decade. Another notable development in 2004 was the small number of traders which recorded a year to year decline in their exports and/or imports (ranging from 6 for commercial services imports to 21 for merchandise exports).

North America

Stronger economic growth in North America came together with an acceleration of the region’s trade in 2004. The region’s imports of both merchandise and commercial services continued to expand faster than its exports (Table 2). The nominal trade expansion of the United States, Canada and Mexico followed a rather similar pattern in 2004, as in each country an acceleration to double digit growth could be observed. However, some difference should be flagged in respect to trade volume developments. Real merchandise trade in the United States was more dynamic than trade in the other two countries. Canada recorded the lowest import growth in the region (8 per cent) and Mexico’s exports recovered in real terms by a moderate 2.5 per cent after contracting over three years. In 2004, Mexico’s clothing exports to the United States decreased, and those of labour intensive personal and household goods and scientific and control instruments stagnated, while shipments of automotive products rose less than US imports from other suppliers.

Intra-North American trade expanded as fast as the region’s total exports but far less than overall imports in 2004. Between 2000 and 2004, the share of intra-regional trade remained roughly unchanged at 56 per cent on the export side, but decreased by 4 percentage points to slightly more than 35 per cent on the import side (Table III.13).

One of the outstanding features of North American trade in recent years is the moderate expansion of its exports to Asia and in particular to Japan, which is still its major export market in Asia. Between 2000 and 2003 North America’s exports to Japan decreased by 29 per cent, while those to China surged by 70 per cent. In 2004, North American exports to Japan recovered by 5 per cent, while shipments to China grew by one quarter. Exports to Europe rose at about the same rate as intra-trade, while shipments to South and Central America, the Middle East, Africa and the CIS rose between 19 per cent and 31 per cent (Table III.12).

Imports from the three latter regions, all net exporters of fuels and minerals, were again buoyant, advancing between 23 per cent and 47 per cent in 2004 (Table III.13). North America’s imports from Europe rose by 13 per cent, at roughly the same rate as intra-trade. Merchandise imports from Asia rose by 19 per cent, which was as fast as total imports. The average rise in North America’s imports from Asia in 2004 is the result of quite divergent developments among Asian suppliers. While imports from China surged by more than 30 per cent, those from

12 Referring to unaffiliated services only. The sluggishness in insurance services was not due to a slowdown in premium receipts but to a marked reduction in payments for actual losses.13 Major revisions to the commercial services data in recent years were reported in a number of Asian countries, most recently for India.14 Unfortunately the explanations provided for the sharp upward revision of India’s services trade remain scarce and therefore not fully understood.

Chart 5

World merchandise trade by region, 2004

(Annual percentage change in dollar values)

Africa

North America

Europe

South and Central America

Middle East

Commonwealth of Independent States

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

ImportsExports

Average

Merchandise Exports (value) Imports (value)

Exports (volume) Imports (volume)

Commercial services Exports (value) Imports (value)

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

Other South and Central AmericaBrazilSouth and Central America

Table 3

GDP and trade developments in South and Central America, 2000-04

1.8 0.5 -1.4 2.1 6.3 2.2 1.4 1.5 0.6 5.2 1.5 -0.2 -3.8 3.3 7.2

9 -4 0 13 30 15 6 4 21 32 7 -7 -1 10 29 4 -1 -13 5 27 3 0 -15 2 30 4 -1 -12 7 25

6.5 5.0 2.0 6.0 13.0 13.5 11.5 9.0 15.5 19.0 3.0 2.5 -1.0 1.5 10.0 1.5 1.5 -11.5 1.5 17.5 -0.5 0.0 -13.5 -3.5 18.0 2.5 2.0 -11.0 3.5 17.0

4 -2 -3 9 14 6 -3 1 9 20 4 -2 -4 10 13 1 0 -11 4 14 1 2 -15 6 12 2 0 -10 3 15

Singapore and Hong Kong, China decreased. Imports from Japan rose by 11 per cent in 2004, but their value remained below the peak level reached in 2000.

North American merchandise trade by product recorded large differences in annual variations for 2004, and a similar growth pattern can be detected for exports and imports. Exports and imports of agricultural products recorded the smallest year to year change (at about 10 per cent) among all sectors, while trade in fuels and other mining products rose between one quarter (exports) and one third (imports). Trade in manufactured goods, which account for three quarters of North America’s merchandise exports and imports, rose by 14-15 per cent, very close to the region’s overall trade growth. At a more detailed product level, the variation is considerably larger than for the three major product groups. North American exports of clothing shrank in absolute terms for the fourth consecutive year, while those of iron and steel rose by 37 per cent in 2004. Exports of chemicals, and in particular pharmaceuticals, increased by more than one fifth, as did telecommunication equipment. The strength of telecom equipment (22 per cent) contrasted with the continued sluggishness of exports in EDP and office equipment (6 per cent) as well as in integrated circuits (4 per cent). Imports of iron and steel products surged by 83 per cent, while those of automotive products and clothing rose by 8 per cent and

6 per cent respectively. Imports of telecom equipment rose by nearly one quarter, and in marked contrast to exports, imports of EDP and office equipment and integrated circuits grew at least as fast as trade in manufactures (Tables III.10 and III.11).

Commercial services exports and imports of the region accelerated to double digit growth but remained less dynamic than global trade in 2004. The expansion of services exports was rather similar for the United States, Canada and Mexico but differed significantly across sectors. The region’s transportation services exports rose by nearly 19 per cent, while other commercial services exports rose by 6.5 per cent in 2004. As already indicated above, US receipts of telecommunication services declined and those of insurance and education services increased only marginally in 2004. Another factor contributing to the region’s sluggish exports of other commercial services exports is the further decrease in Mexico’s exports.

South and Central America (including the Caribbean)

Following three years in which the region’s average per capita income declined, economic output in South and Central America picked up by 6.3 per cent in 2004. Merchandise trade expanded

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

2.3 0.8 1.7 2.6 4.1 2.3 0.8 1.6 2.7 4.2 2.5 1.8 3.4 2.0 2.8

2 -6 -4 5 14 1 -7 -5 5 13 3 -6 -3 8 16 5 -6 1 8 17 5 -6 2 9 17 3 -7 0 8 14

0.0 -5.0 -2.5 1.0 7.5 0.5 -6.0 -4.0 3.0 9.0 0.5 -4.0 0.0 -1.5 7.0 3.5 -3.5 3.5 4.5 10.5 4.5 -3.0 4.5 5.5 11.0 1.5 -6.0 0.5 4.0 8.0

3 -4 2 5 11 3 -4 2 5 11 4 -3 4 5 11 6 -1 3 9 13 6 -1 2 8 14 6 -1 3 12 12

North America United States Canada

Table 2

GDP and trade developments in North America, 2000-04

5sharply through a combination of higher prices and stronger volume changes. The rebound in the region’s merchandise import volume from near stagnation to 17 per cent was particularly marked (Table 3). Intra-regional trade rose again slightly faster than extra-regional trade in 2004. Exports to Asia continued to rise sharply (37 per cent) while shipments to North America, the region’s largest export market, rose by 27 per cent – somewhat less than the average (Table III.23). Shipments to Europe rose by nearly 30 per cent, accounting for more than one fifth of South and Central America’s exports.

The region’s expansion of merchandise exports and imports exceeded those of global trade by a significant margin, while commercial services trade grew at 14 per cent (less than the global average). The relative sluggishness of the region’s commercial services trade could be observed in all three services categories, but was particularly pronounced for the other commercial services category.

Looking at the 38 individual economies’ trade performances in the region, one notices quite divergent developments. Brazil, which accounted for one third of the region’s merchandise exports showed a stronger trade performance than the regional average. The most dynamic export growth (between 40 per cent and 50 per cent) was reported by Chile, Venezuela and Peru (Table III.24), while merchandise exports of Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and El Salvador increased only by 5 per cent or less. A few Caribbean islands even reported a decline in their exports in 2004. The surge in merchandise imports of Argentina and Venezuela (more than 60 per cent) contrasted with the moderate import growth of a number of Central American and Caribbean economies (such as Costa Rica, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic and Jamaica). At the core of the weak trade growth of Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and El Salvador is the stagnation of their trade in manufactures with the United States (Table IV.25). Costa Rica’s trade was affected by the sluggishness of trade in integrated circuits while the other two countries were affected by the decline in their textile processing trade with the United States.

The weakness observed in the merchandise exports of a number of countries in the region can be partly attributed to their export structure, which often reveals a large dependence on agricultural products. Agricultural products have faced relatively weak demand growth over the last two decades and relatively soft price trends. In 2004, price developments for agricultural products were rather mixed, simultaneously showing declines for a number of products (such as shrimps, cocoa, cotton and hides and skins) and marked increases for others (such as rice, beef, soybeans, bananas and rubber). The importance of agricultural products for the region’s overall export performance is highlighted by the 29 per cent share this category holds in merchandise exports, a share which is more than three times larger than the corresponding share in world trade, and also by far the largest in any region (Chart 6).

Europe

Economic growth strengthened throughout Europe in 2004, but marked differences continued to prevail within the region. The euro-area and Switzerland staged a moderate recovery while the ten new EU members and South-East Europe reported GDP growth in excess of 5 per cent. Europe’s merchandise and commercial services trade growth was somewhat less than the global average (in exports and imports), and recorded no acceleration in nominal growth in 2004, in contrast to all other regions. This relative weak nominal trade growth is due to the markedly lower depreciation of the dollar vis-à-vis the European currencies in 2004 compared to 2003, and the high level of intra-trade (Chart 7).

Chart 6

Product structure of South and Central America's merchandise exports, 2004 (Percentage)

UnspecifiedAll other

manufactures(10.0%)

Iron and steel (4.4%)

Chemicals (6.0%)

Transport equipment

(6.7%)

Other miningproducts (12.8%)

Food(25.5%)

Fuels(20.2%)

Textile & clothing (5.5%)

Other machinery (3.7%)

Raw materials (3.4%)

Manufactures(36.3%)

Agriculturalproducts(28.9%)

Fuels and mining products

(33.0%)

The share of intra-trade in merchandise exports is nearly three quarters, which is the highest share of intra-trade of all the seven major regions distinguished in this report (Table III.3). Measured in euro terms, merchandise exports rose by 8.3 per cent and those of commercial services by 6.5 per cent. These rates were higher than in the preceding year, when both decreased slightly (Table 4). Export and import volumes, adjusted for price and exchange rate changes, show that Europe’s trade recovered by more than 6 per cent in 2004. Exports to other regions are estimated to have grown significantly faster than intra-trade and also faster than imports from these regions.

(Indices Jan 2001=100)

Chart 7

Dollar continued its decline vis-à-vis European currencies in 2004a

a Currency basket weighted by trade values. European currencies are those of Euro Area, the UK, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, Bulgaria, Czech Rep, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovak Rep.

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

5 Europe’s merchandise exports rose by 19 per cent, to $4030 billion – equivalent to 45 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2004. Iron and steel, fuels and other mining products reported the fastest growth due to large price increases, but combined these groups account for only 10 per cent of Europe’s exports. Among manufactured goods, chemicals and transport equipment recorded much faster growth than exports of office and telecom equipment or textiles and clothing (Table IV.33). Given the large share of intra-trade, it is not surprising that the pattern of Europe’s import growth by product remained rather similar to that of exports in 2004. On the import side, iron and steel and mining products are also the most dynamic product groups. Import expansion rates in these product groups exceeded those of chemicals and transport equipment, office and telecom equipment and textiles and clothing by a large margin.

performances differed significantly. Broadly speaking, in 2004 the countries situated at the eastern and south-eastern border of Europe report much faster trade expansion than those in the western part of Europe. France, the United Kingdom, Spain, Ireland and Portugal recorded export growth between 12 per cent and 15 per cent, while Poland, the Czech Republic, Turkey, Romania and Bulgaria report expansion rates ranging from 30 per cent to 41 per cent. For the latter group of countries, imports showed a similar strong performance. Irish merchandise trade recorded the weakest growth in exports and imports in the region in 2004, a tendency discernible over the last four years. This recent development contrasts sharply with the 1995-2000 period when Ireland recorded trade expansion at a rate more than three times faster than the West European average. One major element in the loss of vigour in Ireland’s trade is the importance of office and telecom equipment, a product group whose global exports expanded much faster than those of manufactures in the 1990s, while the opposite can be observed for the years 2000-2004.

Although Europe’s commercial services exports and imports expanded less rapidly than the global average in 2004, its trade growth was still faster than world commercial services trade over the 2000-04 period (Tables III.4 and III.5). Europe’s commercial services exports rose by 17 per cent, to $1125 billion, accounting for more than one half of world services exports in 2004. Commercial services imports went up by 15 per cent, to $1025 billion, an increase inferior to that of 2003. Europe’s commercial services exports expanded faster than its imports in all three services categories, which enhanced the surplus position in all of them. Transportation services expanded faster than travel or other commercial services on the export and import side. Among the leading European traders in commercial services, the United Kingdom strengthened its leading exporter position, but the strongest export growth rates (in excess of one quarter) were reported by Sweden, Greece and Luxembourg. France and Switzerland reported relatively sluggish growth in their services exports, both in 2004 and in the 2000-04 period (Table III.38).

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

In 2004 the CIS recorded a GDP growth rate of nearly 8 per cent, the strongest of all regions. The trade expansion of the CIS was also more buoyant than that of any other region of the world (Table 5). The above average output and trade growth of the region in 2004, and also in the 2000-04 period, contrasts sharply with developments in the second half of the nineties, when economic activity was nearly flat and imports contracted (Table III.43). In 2003 and 2004, the region’s trade benefited greatly from the price surge for fuels, ores and metals, products which accounted for more than one-half of the regions’ merchandise exports in 2004 (Chart 8).

Table 4

GDP and trade developments in Europe, 2000-04

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

1.5 1.6 1.2 1.0 2.3

11 1 7 19 19 11 -2 5 20 20

3 4 2 -1 8 3 1 0 0 9

3.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 6.5 2.5 0.5 0.5 3.0 6.5

12 3 9 19 17 11 3 8 19 15

4 6 3 -1 7 3 6 3 -1 5

Merchandise Exports (value in dollars) Imports (value in dollars)

Exports (value in euros) Imports (value in euros)

Commercial services Exports (value in dollars) Imports (value in dollars)

Exports (value in euros) Imports (value in euros)

Europe’s merchandise trade with other regions showed large variations in 2004. Exports to North America, its largest export market, showed the smallest increase (14 per cent) not only in 2004 but also for the 2000-04 period.15 As European imports from North America expanded even less than exports to North America, the bilateral surplus in Europe’s favour increased further in 2004. Europe’s merchandise trade with Asia (exports plus imports) has exceeded that with North America since the late 1990s. In 2004, Europe’s imports from Asia rose by 23 per cent, slightly faster than exports to Asia, which widened the bilateral deficit. Europe’s trade with Asia reveals a trend increase with China and a decrease in the share of Japan and the six more developed East Asian traders, which continued in 2004. Europe’s trade with the CIS countries increased by more than one third on both the export and import side, making the region Europe’s fastest growing trading partner not only in 2004, but also for the 2000-04 period. With a share of 2.2 per cent, Europe’s exports to the CIS remained smaller than those to Africa or the Middle East, but its imports from the CIS exceeded those from the latter two regions.

The review of the leading merchandise traders in Europe (Table III.36) shows that at the country level the trade

15 With one exception: between 2000-2004 Europe’s exports to South and Central America rose less than shipments to North America (2.8 per cent and 7.8 per cent respectively).

CIS comprises 12 countries, but the Russian Federation alone accounts for two thirds of the region’s merchandise exports and more than one half of its imports. Intra-regional trade rose slightly faster than total exports in 2004, and accounted for one fifth of the total. The importance of intra-regional trade differs significantly from one product group to another and also among members of the CIS. The share of intra-trade in CIS exports of agricultural products and manufactures was about one third, while for fuels and other mining products the share dropped to 13 per cent in 2004 (Table III.45).

Among the members of CIS, intra-regional trade accounted for more than one half of total exports for Belarus, Georgia and Moldova, while for the Russian Federation, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan and Armenia the corresponding share was about 17 per cent in 2004. On a country level, merchandise export and import growth was reported above the regional average by Kazakhstan, Belarus, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Armenian merchandise trade, however, expanded only marginally (Table III.46).

Europe is the largest trading partner for the CIS, accounting for nearly one half of its exports and merchandise imports in 2004. Two-thirds of CIS exports to Europe consist of fuels and

other mining products, while manufactured goods account for nearly 90 per cent of imports from Europe. Asia’s share in CIS exports decreased slightly, to 13.3 per cent in 2004. While Asia’s share in CIS exports rose marginally between 2000 and 2004, its share in imports of CIS gained four percentage points over the same period. Most of these gains can be attributed to China, which accounted for more than one-half of CIS imports from Asia in 2004.

CIS commercial services exports and imports continued to expand faster than world services trade, rising by nearly one-quarter in 2004. In contrast to merchandise trade, the region records an excess of commercial services imports over exports.

Africa

Economic growth in Africa was 4.5 per cent in 2003 and 2004, strong enough to exceed significantly the region’s population growth (Table 6). While both North and Sub-Saharan Africa recorded robust growth on average, individual country performances varied greatly. Double digit GDP growth could be observed in a number of countries that expanded their oil production (e.g. Angola, Chad, Equatorial Guinea and Sudan). A few countries recorded a marked pick-up in economic activity as civil strife was reduced (e.g. Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republic of Congo), while in others political instability led to stagnation or a decline in economic output.

Africa’s trade expansion remained robust in 2004 due to the rise in global demand for its major export commodities. Over the two years 2003-04, the value of Africa’s merchandise exports (imports) increased by two thirds (55 per cent), which was more than over the 12 preceding years (1990-2002). Commercial services exports rose by 20 per cent in 2004, again faster than the world average and faster than the region’s commercial services imports. Travel services receipts, which account for more than one half of Africa’s commercial services exports, are estimated to have increased by somewhat more than 20 per cent in 2004.

The outstanding feature of Africa’s merchandise exports was the 44 per cent rise in shipments of fuels and mining products in 2004. Fuels alone accounted for nearly 52 per cent of Africa’s merchandise exports and other mining products for about 7 per cent (Chart 9). Exports of agricultural products and manufactures are both estimated to have increased in value terms by one fifth in 2004. Among agricultural products, shipments of raw materials rose by more than a quarter,

Chart 8

Product structure of CIS's merchandise exports, 2004

(Percentage)

Manufactures(33.1%)

(53.5%)

Unspecified(4.4%)

6.7 5.9 5.2 7.6 7.9 6.0 5.1 4.7 7.3 7.1 8.5 8.4 6.8 8.5 10.3

16 -1 6 27 37 15 -3 5 27 35 20 6 8 28 40 21 16 10 27 30 21 20 13 25 27 20 10 6 31 35

9.5 4.5 8.5 13.0 13.0 … … … … … … … … … … 15.0 24.5 8.0 13.0 15.0 … … … … … … … … … …

18 13 19 16 23 20 17 20 20 25 15 8 18 12 20 20 24 16 17 25 19 23 15 16 24 23 26 20 19 27

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

Russian FederationCIS

Table 5

GDP and trade developments in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 2000-04

while fish exports rose at only half that rate. Africa’s clothing exports rose by 10 per cent, to $9.5 billion dollars in 2004. The expansion of Africa’s clothing exports to the European Union and the United States decelerated sharply in 2004 if compared with 2003. Exports of other semi-manufactures, the largest product group within Africa’s exports of manufactures, which includes precious stones, rose by nearly one quarter, to $16.4 billion in 2004.

highest level since 1990 (Table III.58). The region’s merchandise import growth accelerated to 27 per cent, and imports amounted to $252 billion in 2004. The share of the Middle East imports in world imports rose to 2.7 per cent, which was still below the level recorded in 1990.

Fuels, which accounted for 73 per cent of the region’s exports, rose by nearly one third to $284 billion in 2004. This represented 29 per cent of global trade in fuels (Chart 10). Chemicals, mainly petrochemicals, are the principal product group among the manufactured goods exported from the Middle East. Their shipments increased by 30 per cent, to $25.8 billion in 2004. Exports from the Middle East are largely destined for Asia which alone accounted for one half of the region’s total exports in 2004. Europe and North America both hold a share of about 15 per cent in Middle East exports. Intra-regional trade is estimated to have been in the range of 5 per cent to 10 per cent in recent years, most likely the lowest intra-regional trade share of all seven regions distinguished in this report.

The importance of Asia as an export market for the Middle East is particularly pronounced in fuels trade. The region’s exports of manufactures are more evenly shared by Europe (24 per cent), Asia (23 per cent) and North America (20 per cent) (Table III.60).

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

Table 6

GDP and trade developments in Africa, 2000-04

Africa South Africa Other Africa

4.0 3.5 3.4 4.5 4.4 3.2 2.7 3.6 2.8 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.4 5.0 4.6

12 -7 2 25 32 11 -2 2 23 26 12 -8 2 26 34 13 4 2 22 27 18 -5 4 40 39 11 6 1 17 23

12 1 4 24 20 13 -7 1 60 10 11 2 5 18 22 10 2 6 16 16 13 -10 3 49 16 9 4 6 11 15

Chart 9

Product structure of Africa's merchandise exports, 2004

(Percentage)

Manufactures(25.1%)

Fuels and mining product

(59.1%)

Unspecified(3.7%)

The Middle East

Economic growth in the Middle East remained robust, with average regional GDP growth exceeding 5 per cent in 2004. Oil and gas production, still the core economic activities of the region, increased by 6.5 per cent and 7.5 per cent respectively.16

The marked increase in oil and gas output combined with sharply higher prices led to booming trade in 2004. The region’s merchandise exports rose by 29 per cent, to a new record export level of $390 billion dollars (Table 7). The share of the Middle East in world merchandise exports rose to 4.4 per cent, its

16 See BP, Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2005.

Chart 10

Product structure of the Middle East's merchandise exports, 2004(Percentage)

Manufactures(22.1%)

(74.6%)

Unspecified(0.9%)

5Commercial services exports from the Middle East are estimated to have increased by 16 per cent, to $36 billion, or two per cent of world services exports in 2004. Commercial services imports rose by 20 per cent to $61 billion, accounting for three per cent of global services imports. Israel is the largest services exporter in the region ($14 billion) and the United Arab Emirates the region’s biggest services importer.

Asia’s commercial services trade was negatively affected by the impact of the SARS epidemic in 2003. Travel receipts recovered sharply (31 per cent) from their exceptionally low level in 2003. Estimates of Asia’s commercial services trade flows in 2004 include the latest Indian services data, which do not seem to be directly comparable with those reported for 2003, due to enhanced coverage. Excluding Indian data from Asia’s services trade aggregate lowers the region’s growth rates reported above by 2 to 4 percentage points.

But even taking into account these “special” features noted above, Asia’s commercial services trade remained one of the most dynamic regional trade flows in 2004. A breakdown of Asia’s commercial services reveals that transportation services were particularly strong in 2004.

Asia’s agricultural exports rose by 18 per cent to $143 billion, and accounted for 6 per cent of the region’s merchandise exports. Shipments of fuels and mining products rose by one third, while exports of manufactures went up by one quarter. Among Asia’s exports of manufactures, iron and steel and scientific and controlling instruments increased by one half, which was much faster than exports of clothing (13 per cent), textiles (16 per cent) or automotive products (20 per cent). Asia’s shipments of office and telecom equipment rebounded by one quarter to $625 billion, maintaining their share of 31 per cent in Asia’s exports of manufactures.

Intra-Asian trade, accounting for one half of Asia’s merchandise exports, expanded slightly faster than total exports. China further consolidated its position as the leading market in the region for Asian traders, with Asia’s exports to China rising by 30 per cent in 2004. The rapid rise in China’s importance as a trading partner of individual economies is shown in Chart 1. In only four years, China’s share has doubled in the imports and exports of a number of Asian traders. Asia’s exports to North America rose by 20 per cent, while those to Europe increased by 24 per cent. In 2004, but also over the last four years, the share of North America in Asia’s exports decreased to 22.3 per cent, while that of Europe remained unchanged at 17.5 per cent (Table III.68).

Although Asia’s shipments to the Middle East, Africa, South and Central America and the CIS increased much faster than those to other regions, their combined share in Asia’s merchandise exports was still less than 8 per cent in 2004.

Table 7

Trade developments in the Middle East, 2000-04

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

4.4 2.5 3.6 5.2 6.3

10 -11 5 20 29

12 6 4 13 27

5 -5 -2 13 16

7 -3 1 12 20

Merchandise

Exports (value)

Imports (value)

Commercial services

Exports (value)

Imports (value)

The rise in Asia’s GDP growth to nearly 5 per cent in 2004 was due to an increase in Japan’s GDP growth and a continuation of strong output growth in developing Asia, particularly China. The region’s merchandise export and import volumes are estimated to have risen by 14 per cent, about three times faster than GDP growth (Table 8). The marked acceleration in the region’s merchandise exports and imports in dollar terms is more due to price than volume changes. Asia’s merchandise imports rose by 27 per cent to $2224 billion in 2004, with nearly half of the increase due to higher import prices.

Asia’s commercial services exports and imports rebounded by about one quarter in 2004. The interpretation of this outstanding expansion has to take into account the fact that

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

3.3 2.2 2.6 3.8 4.8 1.0 0.4 -0.3 1.4 2.7 5.2 4.4 5.8 5.3 5.3

10 -9 8 18 25 4 -16 3 13 20 12 -7 10 20 27 10 -7 6 19 27 5 -8 -3 14 19 12 -7 9 21 30

8.0 -3.5 11.0 11.5 14.0 3.0 -9.5 8.0 5.0 10.5 10.5 -1.0 13.0 14.5 16.0 8.0 -2.5 8.0 13.0 14.5 3.5 -2.0 2.0 7.0 7.0 9.5 -2.5 10.0 15.0 16.5

10 -1 7 9 27 7 -6 2 8 25 11 1 9 8 28 8 -3 5 8 25 4 -7 0 3 22 11 0 7 10 27

a Defined as Asia excluding Japan, Australia and New Zealand.

JapanAsia Developing Asia a

Table 8

GDP and trade developments in Asia, 2000-04

55. Trade developments of selected Regional Trade Agreements and of the LDCs

Regional trade agreements (RTAs)

Information on a number of major regional trade agreements is provided in Table I.10 and Appendix Table A.3. Intra-trade of the enlarged EU lagged behind its extra-regional exports and imports in 2004. Despite a further rise in the European currencies vis-à-vis the US dollar, which tends to boost the share of intra-EU trade, subdued growth in EU countries kept nominal intra-regional export growth below that of extra-regional exports. Extra-regional imports comprise a larger component of fuels than intra-trade, which contributed to the strength in extra-regional import values.

Although the EU’s extra-regional trade expanded somewhat faster than its intra-regional trade, at more than two thirds of total EU trade, the latter remained far more important than in any other major RTA. NAFTA’s intra-trade expanded by 14 per cent, in line with its total export growth, but lagged behind its overall import growth in 2005.17 In 2004, ASEAN’s intra-trade rose by 22 per cent, which was faster than its exports to other regions, but not as fast as imports from outside the region. The share of intra-regional trade in ASEAN’s exports and imports remained at 23 per cent in 2004, below the levels reached in 2000, and for exports even below the level reached in 1995.

Intra-MERCOSUR trade recovered strongly as the economies of its members experienced a sharp rebound in their GDP growth in 2004. However, despite the recent surge in intra-trade, its value in 2004 was still lower than in 1997, and accounted for about one-eighth of MERCOSUR’s total merchandise exports.

In five major RTAs, no trend can be detected in respect of an increase or decrease in the relative importance of intra-RTA trade between 2000 and 2004. The number of cases in which an increased share of intra-trade could be observed is identical to that in which a decrease occurred. The large differences in the importance of intra-trade in total trade among the various RTAs, ranging from two thirds to less than 15 per cent, continued to prevail.

Trade of the Least-developed countries (LDCs) in 2004

Benefiting from the rise in commodity prices, merchandise exports of the LDCs increased by one third to $62 billion in 2004, a new peak level. Exports of the five oil-exporting LDCs18

alone increased by about one half and their combined exports accounted for some 47 per cent of the total merchandise exports of the 48 LDCs in 2004. LDCs merchandise imports are estimated to have increased by 17 per cent to $71 billion, only half the expansion rate of their exports (Table III.81).

The group of LDCs which exports primarily manufactured goods increased their shipments by 19 per cent to $17 billion, an increase close to that of world exports of manufactures. The trade performance of the LDCs that export primarily non-

fuel commodities again showed very large variation in 2004. Ores and non-ferrous metal exporters, such as Zambia and Mozambique, reported a sharp export rise while other LDCs experienced a marked decline in their exports for various reasons.

Looking at the major trading partners of the LDCs, it appears from the data presented in Table III.82 that the EU(25) is the largest market for manufactures originating from the LDCs ($9.2 billion) and Asia19 the largest market for its fuel exports ($10.6 billion). In 2004, the EU(25) was still the largest market for LDC exports of agricultural products ($3.2 billion), but Asia’s imports of agricultural products from LDCs increased much faster and also exceeded the $3 billion mark. North American imports from LDCs consist above all of fuels and other mining products ($7.3 billion) and manufactured goods ($6.1 billion). Agricultural products accounted for only five per cent of North American merchandise imports from the LDCs in 2004.

6. Trade developments in the first half of 2005 and prospects

The cyclical downswing of economic activity in the OECD, which started in the first half of 2004, was arrested in the first six months of 2005. It is estimated that the year-to-year change in GDP growth of the OECD countries was limited to 2.6 per cent in the first half of 2005, markedly less than the 3.5 per cent full year growth in 2004 (Chart 11). Signs of an improvement in the economic situation could be found in the Japanese economy, which after stagnating in most of 2004, experienced a revival in domestic demand growth in the first six months of 2005. In Europe, and in particular in the euro area, GDP growth remained weak. Despite some deceleration, economic activity in the United States remained far stronger than in Europe or Japan. A noticeable development in the United States economy was that exports of goods and services – measured at constant prices and seasonally adjusted – expanded somewhat faster than imports in the first half of 2005. Among the developing regions, a slowdown from last year’s high growth rates could be observed in a large number of economies in East Asia as well as in South America. China was a major exception, as its first half growth of 9.5 per cent in 2005 matched that of 2004. Despite the continuous strength in its economic activity, China’s real import growth decelerated sharply, while its export growth was maintained.

The marked depreciation of the US dollar against a trade-weighted basket of European currencies between April and December 2004 was reversed in the first six months of 2005. By mid-year 2005, the dollar had regained most of its losses and even exceeded its average value in 2004 (Chart 7). Exchange rate movements in Asia were rather moderate, although in a direction favourable for an adjustment in worldwide external imbalances. The US dollar’s moderate depreciation against a basket of Asian currencies in 2004 continued in the first half of 2005. With the termination of the fixed peg of the Chinese Renminbi to the US dollar on July 21, and a shift to a new currency regime, a small appreciation of the Chinese currency occurred against the US dollar.

Despite the slowdown in global economic activity, commodity prices strengthened considerably in the first half of 2005. In particular, prices for metals and crude oil increased further by 24 per cent and 43 per cent respectively (on a year to year basis). However, prices of agricultural raw materials stagnated 17 Intra-NAFTA trade growth measured by exports differed in 2004 from that

recorded by import data due to reporting discrepancies on bilateral trade between the United States and Mexico.18 Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Yemen, Sudan and Chad. 19 Based on a sample of 12 Asian economies. For details see Table III.82.

and those of food decreased. Available information on prices for manufactured goods indicates an increase of about four per cent.20 The sharp rise in prices of fuels continued unabated into the third quarter and provided a further boost to the exports of all oil exporting regions, and in particular the Middle East, the CIS and Africa. However, the estimated 40 per cent increase in real crude oil prices is threatening to dampen economic growth in the United States, Western Europe and East Asia (Chart 12).

It is estimated that the dollar value of world merchandise exports increased by 14 per cent in the first half of 2005. This is a markedly lower expansion than in 2004, when the value of global merchandise exports rose by 21 per cent. The trade deceleration was particularly pronounced in Asia and in Europe. North America’s imports increased in nominal terms about as fast as world trade and still faster than its merchandise exports.

Adjusted for price and exchange rate changes, trade of the major industrial economies stagnated in the first quarter of 2005, but picked up in the second quarter. It is unlikely that the momentum of the rebound in the second quarter can be upheld in the second half of the year, given the poor short-term growth prospects for Europe and uncertainty linked to sharply higher and volatile oil prices. Increased import demand from the oil exporting regions will not be sufficient to offset weaker import

growth in the United States, Europe and East Asia. The volume of world merchandise trade is projected to rise by 6.5 per cent in 2005, and provided the world economy recovers moderately in 2006 – as is generally predicted – world trade growth should accelerate again to around 7.0 per cent in 2006.

GDP Exports of goods and services Imports of goods and services

Source: OECD, National Accounts Statistics.

Q1 2003 Q1 2004 Q1 2005

OECD Countries

Q12003

Q12004

Q12005

European Union (15)

Q1 2004 Q1 2005

United States

Q12003

Q12004

Q12005

Chart 11

Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 2003-05

(Percentage change on a quarter to quarter basis)

20 US import (export) prices of manufactured goods increased by 2.2 per cent (3.5 per cent) in the first six months of 2005.

Chart 12

Nominal and real petroleum prices, 1970-2005

($ per barrel)

Note: Real price is obtained by deflating the nominal IMF petroleum spot price by the world GDP deflator (1990=100). 2005 annual data are estimated by assuming for the second half an average price of $60 per barrel.

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Real price (at 1990 $)

Nominal prices

I. World trade in 2004 - Overview

Table I.1

Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production, 2000-04

2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World merchandise exports 4.0 3.5 5.0 9.0

Agricultural products 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5

Fuels and mining products 2.5 1.0 4.5 5.5

Manufactures 4.5 4.0 5.0 10.0

World merchandise production 2.0 2.5 3.5 4.0

Agriculture 2.0 1.5 2.5 3.0

Mining 2.0 0.0 3.5 4.0

Manufacturing 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0

World GDP 2.0 1.5 2.5 3.5

Note: See the Technical Notes for the estimation of world aggregates of merchandise exports, production and GDP.

Table I.2

Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 2000-04

Exports Imports

2000-04 2003 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

4.0 5.0 9.0 World 4.5 5.5 10.0

0.0 1.0 7.5 North America 3.5 4.5 10.5

6.5 6.0 13.0 South and Central America 1.5 1.5 17.5

3.0 2.0 6.5 Europe 2.5 3.0 6.5

3.0 1.5 6.5 European Union (25) 2.0 2.5 6.0

9.5 13.0 13.0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 15.0 13.0 15.0

8.0 11.5 14.0 Asia 8.0 13.0 14.5

3.0 5.0 10.5 Japan 3.5 7.0 7.0

6.5 10.5 14.5 Six East Asian traders 4.5 5.5 14.5

Table I.3

Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2004

Exports Imports

Value Annual percentage change Value Annual percentage change

2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

8907 9 17 21 World 9250 9 17 21

1324 2 5 14 North America 2013 5 8 17

276 9 13 30 South and Central America 237 4 5 27

4031 11 19 19 Europe 4140 11 20 20

3714 11 19 19 European Union (25) 3791 10 20 19

266 16 27 37 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 172 21 27 30

183 15 27 35 Russian Federation 96 21 25 27

232 12 25 32 Africa 212 13 22 27

390 10 20 29 Middle East 252 12 13 27

2388 10 18 25 Asia 2224 10 19 27

593 24 35 35 China 561 26 40 36

860 7 15 24 Six East Asian traders 785 6 12 27

Note: It should be mentioned at the outset that there are breaks in the continuity of the figures at the country and regional levels. These breaks are indicated in Appendix Tables A6 and A7. Explanations of significant breaks are given in the Technical Notes.

566 4 13 20 Japan 455 5 14 19

Table I.4

Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by region, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Note: It should be mentioned at the outset that there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the figures at the country and regional levels due to frequent revisions to the trade in services data. See the Technical Notes.

2125 9 14 18 World 2095 9 14 17

379 3 5 11 North America 335 6 9 13

56 4 9 14 South and Central America 58 1 4 14

1126 12 19 17 Europe 1025 11 19 15

1016 12 19 17 European Union (25) 954 11 19 15

33 18 16 23 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 50 20 17 25

48 12 24 20 Africa 55 10 16 16

36 5 13 16 Middle East 61 7 12 20

450 10 9 27 Asia 512 8 8 25

95 7 8 25 Japan 134 4 3 22

62 20 18 34 China 72 19 19 31

191 7 5 20 Six East Asian traders 187 7 5 21

Table I.5

Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2004

Annual Annualpercentage percentage

Rank Exporters Value Share change Rank Importers Value Share change

1 Germany 912.3 10.0 21 1 United States 1525.5 16.1 172 United States 818.8 8.9 13 2 Germany 716.9 7.6 193 China 593.3 6.5 35 3 China 561.2 5.9 364 Japan 565.8 6.2 20 4 France 465.5 4.9 175 France 448.7 4.9 14 5 United Kingdom 463.5 4.9 186 Netherlands 358.2 3.9 21 6 Japan 454.5 4.8 197 Italy 349.2 3.8 17 7 Italy 351.0 3.7 188 United Kingdom 346.9 3.8 13 8 Netherlands 319.3 3.4 219 Canada 316.5 3.5 16 9 Belgium 285.5 3.0 22

10 Belgium 306.5 3.3 20 10 Canada 279.8 2.9 14

11 Hong Kong, China 265.5 2.9 16 11 Hong Kong, China 272.9 2.9 17 domestic exports 20.0 0.2 2 retained imports a 27.3 0.3 13 re-exports 245.6 2.7 17

12 Korea, Republic of 253.8 2.8 31 12 Spain 249.3 2.6 2013 Mexico 189.1 2.1 14 13 Korea, Republic of 224.5 2.4 2614 Russian Federation 183.5 2.0 35 14 Mexico 206.4 2.2 1615 Taipei, Chinese 182.4 2.0 21 15 Taipei, Chinese 168.4 1.8 3216 Singapore 179.6 2.0 25 16 Singapore 163.9 1.7 28

domestic exports 98.6 1.1 24 retained imports a 82.8 0.9 30 re-exports 81.0 0.9 26

17 Spain 178.6 2.0 14 17 Austria 117.8 1.2 1818 Malaysia 126.5 1.4 21 18 Switzerland 111.6 1.2 1619 Saudi Arabia b 126.2 1.4 35 19 Australia 109.4 1.2 2320 Sweden 122.5 1.3 20 20 Malaysia 105.3 1.1 26

21 Switzerland 118.5 1.3 18 21 Sweden 99.3 1.0 1922 Austria 117.4 1.3 21 22 Turkey 97.5 1.0 4123 Ireland 104.3 1.1 12 23 India 97.3 1.0 3724 Thailand 97.4 1.1 21 24 Russian Federation c 96.3 1.0 2725 Brazil 96.5 1.1 32 25 Thailand 95.4 1.0 2626 Australia 86.4 0.9 21 26 Poland 89.2 0.9 3127 United Arab Emirates 82.8 0.9 23 27 Czech Republic c 69.5 0.7 3428 Norway 81.8 0.9 21 28 Denmark 68.2 0.7 1929 Denmark 76.8 0.8 15 29 Brazil 65.9 0.7 3030 India 75.6 0.8 32 30 Ireland 60.7 0.6 13

31 Poland 74.9 0.8 39 31 Hungary 59.3 0.6 2432 Indonesia 72.3 0.8 13 32 South Africa b 57.1 0.6 3933 Czech Republic 68.7 0.8 41 33 Portugal 54.9 0.6 1634 Turkey 63.1 0.7 34 34 Indonesia 54.9 0.6 3035 Finland 61.3 0.7 15 35 Greece 52.6 0.6 1736 Hungary 54.9 0.6 27 36 Finland 50.8 0.5 2037 South Africa 46.0 0.5 26 37 Norway 48.1 0.5 2238 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 44.4 0.5 31 38 United Arab Emirates 47.6 0.5 2139 Philippines 39.7 0.4 7 39 Saudi Arabia 44.6 0.5 2140 Israel 38.5 0.4 22 40 Israel 42.9 0.5 18

41 Portugal 35.8 0.4 13 41 Philippines 42.3 0.4 742 Argentina 34.5 0.4 17 42 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 34.7 0.4 3343 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 34.2 0.4 43 43 Romania 32.7 0.3 3644 Ukraine 32.7 0.4 42 44 Viet Nam 31.1 0.3 2345 Algeria 32.3 0.4 31 45 Slovak Republic c 29.5 0.3 3146 Chile 32.0 0.4 49 46 Ukraine 29.0 0.3 2647 Nigeria 31.1 0.3 57 47 Chile 24.9 0.3 2848 Kuwait 28.7 0.3 39 48 New Zealand 23.2 0.2 2549 Slovak Republic 27.5 0.3 26 49 Argentina 22.3 0.2 6150 Viet Nam 25.6 0.3 27 50 Iraq 21.3 0.2 114

Total of above d 8639.8 94.4 - Total of above d 8795.2 92.6 - World d 9153.0 100.0 21 World d 9495.0 100.0 21

a Retained imports are defined as imports less re-exports. See the Technical Notes.b Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.Note : For annual data 1994-04, see Appendix Tables A6 and A7.

Table I.6

Annual Annual percentage percentage

1 Extra-EU (25) exports 1203.8 18.1 21 1 United States 1525.5 21.8 172 United States 818.8 12.3 13 2 Extra-EU (25) imports 1280.6 18.3 203 China 593.3 8.9 35 3 China 561.2 8.0 364 Japan 565.8 8.5 20 4 Japan 454.5 6.5 195 Canada 316.5 4.8 16 5 Canada 279.8 4.0 146 Hong Kong, China 265.5 4.0 16 6 Hong Kong, China 272.9 3.9 17

domestic exports 20.0 0.3 2 retained imports a 27.3 0.4 13 re-exports 245.6 3.7 17

7 Korea, Republic of 253.8 3.8 31 7 Korea, Republic of 224.5 3.2 268 Mexico 189.1 2.8 14 8 Mexico 206.4 3.0 169 Russian Federation 183.5 2.8 35 9 Taipei, Chinese 168.4 2.4 32

10 Taipei, Chinese 182.4 2.7 21 10 Singapore 163.9 2.3 28 retained imports a 82.8 1.2 30

11 Singapore 179.6 2.7 25 11 Switzerland 111.6 1.6 16 domestic exports 98.6 1.5 24 re-exports 81.0 1.2 26

12 Malaysia 126.5 1.9 21 12 Australia 109.4 1.6 2313 Saudi Arabia b 126.2 1.9 35 13 Malaysia 105.3 1.5 2614 Switzerland 118.5 1.8 18 14 Turkey 97.5 1.4 4115 Thailand 97.4 1.5 21 15 India 97.3 1.4 3716 Brazil 96.5 1.5 32 16 Russian Federation c 96.3 1.4 2717 Australia 86.4 1.3 21 17 Thailand 95.4 1.4 2618 United Arab Emirates 82.8 1.2 23 18 Brazil 65.9 0.9 3019 Norway 81.8 1.2 21 19 South Africa b 57.1 0.8 3920 India 75.6 1.1 32 20 Indonesia 54.9 0.8 30

21 Indonesia 72.3 1.1 13 21 Norway 48.1 0.7 2222 Turkey 63.1 1.0 34 22 United Arab Emirates 47.6 0.7 2123 South Africa 46.0 0.7 26 23 Saudi Arabia 44.6 0.6 2124 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 44.4 0.7 31 24 Israel 42.9 0.6 1825 Philippines 39.7 0.6 7 25 Philippines 42.3 0.6 726 Israel 38.5 0.6 22 26 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 34.7 0.5 3327 Argentina 34.5 0.5 17 27 Romania 32.7 0.5 3628 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 34.2 0.5 43 28 Viet Nam 31.1 0.4 2329 Ukraine 32.7 0.5 42 29 Ukraine 29.0 0.4 2630 Algeria 32.3 0.5 31 30 Chile 24.9 0.4 28

31 Chile 32.0 0.5 49 31 New Zealand 23.2 0.3 2532 Nigeria 31.1 0.5 57 32 Argentina 22.3 0.3 6133 Kuwait 28.7 0.4 39 33 Iraq 21.3 0.3 11434 Viet Nam 25.6 0.4 27 34 Algeria 18.2 0.3 3435 Romania 23.5 0.4 33 35 Pakistan 17.9 0.3 3836 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya b 20.8 0.3 42 36 Morocco 17.6 0.3 2437 New Zealand 20.4 0.3 23 37 Colombia 16.7 0.2 2138 Kazakhstan 20.1 0.3 55 38 Croatia 16.6 0.2 1739 Iraq 17.8 0.3 83 39 Belarus 16.3 0.2 4140 Colombia 16.2 0.2 28 40 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 15.0 0.2 62

41 Qatar 15.5 0.2 18 41 Bulgaria 14.4 0.2 3242 Angola b 13.9 0.2 46 42 Nigeria 14.2 0.2 3143 Belarus 13.8 0.2 38 43 Egypt 12.8 0.2 1844 Pakistan 13.4 0.2 12 44 Kazakhstan 12.8 0.2 5245 Oman 13.3 0.2 14 45 Tunisia 12.7 0.2 1746 Peru 12.5 0.2 40 46 Bangladesh 12.0 0.2 1547 Bulgaria 9.9 0.1 32 47 Kuwait 12.0 0.2 948 Morocco 9.7 0.1 11 48 Serbia and Montenegro 11.8 0.2 4849 Tunisia 9.7 0.1 21 49 Peru 10.1 0.1 2050 Bangladesh 8.2 0.1 17 50 Lebanon 9.4 0.1 31

Total of above d 6437.9 96.9 - Total of above d 6713.7 96.1 -World (excl. intra-EU (25)) d 6642.0 100.0 22 World (excl. intra-EU (25)) d 6985.0 100.0 22

a Retained imports are defined as imports less re-exports. See the Technical Notes.b Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.Note: For annual data 1994-04, see Appendix Tables A6 and A7.

Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU (25) trade), 2004

Table I.7

Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2004

1 United States 318.3 15.0 11 1 United States 260.0 12.4 14

2 United Kingdom 171.8 8.1 18 2 Germany 193.0 9.2 13

3 Germany 133.9 6.3 15 3 United Kingdom 136.1 6.5 14

4 France 109.5 5.1 12 4 Japan 134.0 6.4 22

5 Japan 94.9 4.5 25 5 France 96.4 4.6 18

6 Spain 84.5 4.0 11 6 Italy 80.6 3.8 10

7 Italy 82.0 3.9 17 7 Netherlands 72.4 3.5 11

8 Netherlands 73.0 3.4 16 8 China 71.6 3.4 31

9 China 62.1 2.9 34 9 Ireland 58.4 2.8 12

10 Hong Kong, China 53.6 2.5 18 10 Canada 55.9 2.7 12

11 Belgium 49.3 2.3 14 11 Spain 53.7 2.6 18

12 Austria 48.3 2.3 14 12 Korea, Republic of 49.6 2.4 25

13 Ireland 46.9 2.2 24 13 Belgium 48.3 2.3 14

14 Canada 46.8 2.2 11 14 Austria 47.1 2.2 14

15 Korea, Republic of 40.0 1.9 27 15 India 40.9 2.0 ...

16 India 39.6 1.9 ... 16 Singapore 36.2 1.7 23

17 Sweden 37.8 1.8 25 17 Denmark 33.4 1.6 18

18 Switzerland 36.8 1.7 11 18 Sweden 33.0 1.6 15

19 Singapore 36.5 1.7 19 19 Russian Federation 32.8 1.6 24

20 Denmark 36.3 1.7 15 20 Taipei, Chinese 29.9 1.4 20

21 Greece 33.2 1.6 37 21 Hong Kong, China 29.8 1.4 16

22 Luxembourg 33.1 1.6 34 22 Australia 25.6 1.2 22

23 Norway 25.9 1.2 21 23 Norway 24.0 1.1 21

24 Taipei, Chinese 25.5 1.2 11 24 Thailand 23.0 1.1 28

25 Australia 24.8 1.2 20 25 Luxembourg 22.3 1.1 35

26 Turkey 23.8 1.1 25 26 Indonesia a 21.3 1.0 ...

27 Russian Federation 20.2 0.9 25 27 Switzerland 21.1 1.0 10

28 Thailand 18.9 0.9 21 28 Mexico 19.3 0.9 10

29 Malaysia 16.7 0.8 24 29 Malaysia 18.8 0.9 8

30 Israel 14.2 0.7 16 30 Brazil 16.1 0.8 12

31 Egypt 14.0 0.7 30 31 United Arab Emirates a 13.4 0.6 ...

32 Mexico 13.9 0.7 12 32 Greece 13.4 0.6 25

33 Portugal 13.8 0.6 21 33 Israel 13.3 0.6 13

34 Poland 13.3 0.6 19 34 Poland 12.3 0.6 17

35 Brazil 11.5 0.5 20 35 Finland 11.8 0.6 18

36 Hungary 10.1 0.5 17 36 Saudi Arabia 11.0 0.5 39

37 Czech Republic 9.7 0.5 25 37 Turkey 10.3 0.5 33

38 Croatia 9.6 0.5 11 38 Hungary 10.0 0.5 11

39 Finland 8.9 0.4 14 39 Czech Republic 9.1 0.4 26

40 South Africa 8.1 0.4 10 40 South Africa 9.1 0.4 16

Total of above 1950.0 91.7 - Total of above 1900.0 90.6 -

World 2125.0 100.0 18 World 2095.0 100.0 17

a Secretariat estimate.Note: Figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat. Annual percentage changes and rankings are affected by continuity breaks in the series for a large number of economies, and by limitations in cross-country comparability. See the Technical Notes. For annual data 1994-04, see Appendix Tables

A8 and A9.

Table I.8

Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services (excluding intra-EU (25) trade), 2004

1 Extra-EU (25) exports 427.1 27.8 16 1 Extra-EU (25) imports 381.7 25.1 16

2 United States 318.3 20.7 11 2 United States 260.0 17.1 14

3 Japan 94.9 6.2 25 3 Japan 134.0 8.8 22

4 China 62.1 4.0 34 4 China 71.6 4.7 31

5 Hong Kong, China 53.6 3.5 18 5 Canada 55.9 3.7 12

6 Canada 46.8 3.0 11 6 Korea, Republic of 49.6 3.3 25

7 Korea, Republic of 40.0 2.6 27 7 India 40.9 2.7 ...

8 India 39.6 2.6 ... 8 Singapore 36.2 2.4 23

9 Switzerland 36.8 2.4 11 9 Russian Federation 32.8 2.2 24

10 Singapore 36.5 2.4 19 10 Taipei, Chinese 29.9 2.0 20

11 Norway 25.9 1.7 21 11 Hong Kong, China 29.8 2.0 16

12 Taipei, Chinese 25.5 1.7 11 12 Australia 25.6 1.7 22

13 Australia 24.8 1.6 20 13 Norway 24.0 1.6 21

14 Turkey 23.8 1.5 25 14 Thailand 23.0 1.5 28

15 Russian Federation 20.2 1.3 25 15 Indonesia a 21.3 1.4 ...

16 Thailand 18.9 1.2 21 16 Switzerland 21.1 1.4 10

17 Malaysia 16.7 1.1 24 17 Mexico 19.3 1.3 10

18 Israel 14.2 0.9 16 18 Malaysia 18.8 1.2 8

19 Egypt 14.0 0.9 30 19 Brazil 16.1 1.1 12

20 Mexico 13.9 0.9 12 20 United Arab Emirates a 13.4 0.9 ...

21 Brazil 11.5 0.7 20 21 Israel 13.3 0.9 13

22 Croatia 9.6 0.6 11 22 Saudi Arabia 11.0 0.7 39

23 South Africa 8.1 0.5 10 23 Turkey 10.3 0.7 33

24 New Zealand 7.8 0.5 23 24 South Africa 9.1 0.6 16

25 Macao, China 7.6 0.5 44 25 Egypt 7.4 0.5 22

26 Indonesia a 6.7 0.4 ... 26 New Zealand 6.8 0.4 24

27 Morocco 6.4 0.4 25 27 Argentina 6.4 0.4 22

28 Ukraine 6.0 0.4 21 28 Chile 6.4 0.4 18

29 Chile 5.9 0.4 21 29 Kuwait 6.1 0.4 11

30 Saudi Arabia 5.9 0.4 3 30 Pakistan 5.1 0.3 ...

31 Argentina 4.9 0.3 22 31 Philippines 5.1 0.3 5

32 Philippines 4.1 0.3 24 32 Kazakhstan 4.9 0.3 33

33 Bulgaria 4.1 0.3 31 33 Ukraine 4.7 0.3 18

34 Cuba a 3.7 0.2 ... 34 Viet Nam a 4.5 0.3 ...

35 Romania 3.6 0.2 19 35 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 4.3 0.3 31

Total of above 1450.0 94.2 - Total of above 1410.0 92.6 -

World (excl. intra-EU (25)) 1540.0 100.0 18 World (excl. intra-EU (25)) 1520.0 100.0 19

a Secretariat estimate.Note: Figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat. Annual percentage changes and rankings are affected by continuity breaks in the series for a large number of economies, and by limitations in cross-country comparability. See the Technical Notes. For annual data 1994-04, see Appendix Tables

A8 and A9.

Table I.9

Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage, based on balance of payments data)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

Commercial CommercialTotal Goods services Total Goods services

World 11140 80.9 19.1 11060 81.1 18.9

North America 1709 77.8 22.2 2284 85.3 14.7 Canada 378 87.6 12.4 335 83.3 16.7 Mexico 202 93.1 6.9 216 91.1 8.9 United States 1129 71.8 28.2 1733 85.0 15.0

South and Central America 347 83.9 16.1 293 80.3 19.7 Argentina 39 87.7 12.3 28 76.7 23.3 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 40 97.5 2.5 22 80.2 19.8 Brazil 108 89.4 10.6 79 79.6 20.4 Chile 38 84.5 15.5 29 78.2 21.8 Colombia 19 89.2 10.8 20 80.7 19.3

Europe 5032 77.6 22.4 4864 78.9 21.1 Austria 159 69.7 30.3 154 69.4 30.6 Belgium 294 83.2 16.8 284 83.0 17.0 Czech Republic 77 87.4 12.6 77 88.1 11.9 Denmark 111 67.4 32.6 99 66.2 33.8 Finland 70 87.3 12.7 60 80.4 19.6 France 531 79.4 20.6 525 81.7 18.3 Germany 1044 87.2 12.8 911 78.8 21.2 Ireland 146 67.8 32.2 118 50.3 49.7 Italy 428 80.8 19.2 417 80.7 19.3 Netherlands 374 80.5 19.5 344 79.0 21.0 Norway 109 76.2 23.8 73 67.3 32.7 Poland 95 86.0 14.0 99 87.6 12.4 Spain 269 68.6 31.4 302 82.3 17.7 Sweden 161 76.5 23.5 132 75.0 25.0 Switzerland 175 79.0 21.0 144 85.3 14.7 Turkey 91 73.8 26.2 101 89.8 10.2 United Kingdom 521 67.0 33.0 591 77.0 23.0

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 301 88.9 11.1 222 77.6 22.4 Belarus 16 89.0 11.0 17 94.1 5.9 Kazakhstan 22 91.9 8.1 19 73.7 26.3 Russian Federation 204 90.1 9.9 129 74.6 25.4 Ukraine 39 84.7 15.3 34 86.3 13.7 Uzbekistan 5 88.2 11.8 4 88.9 11.1

Africa 275 82.7 17.3 258 78.9 21.1 Egypt 26 46.7 53.3 26 71.4 28.6 Morocco 16 60.3 39.7 19 85.3 14.7 Nigeria 30 95.3 4.7 20 78.5 21.5 South Africa 56 85.7 14.3 58 84.2 15.8 Tunisia 13 73.3 26.7 14 86.6 13.4

Asia 3060 85.3 14.7 2852 82.1 17.9 Australia 112 77.8 22.2 131 80.4 19.6 China 655 90.5 9.5 606 88.2 11.8 Hong Kong, China a 314 82.9 17.1 299 90.0 10.0 India 117 66.3 33.7 138 70.3 29.7 Indonesia b 76 91.2 8.8 70 69.5 30.5 Japan 634 85.0 15.0 541 75.2 24.8 Korea, Republic of 298 86.6 13.4 269 81.6 18.4 Malaysia 143 88.4 11.6 118 84.1 15.9 New Zealand 28 72.3 27.7 29 76.3 23.7 Philippines 43 90.4 9.6 50 89.9 10.1 Singapore a 233 84.3 15.7 200 81.9 18.1 Taipei, Chinese 199 87.2 12.8 187 84.0 16.0 Thailand 115 83.5 16.5 108 78.7 21.3

Memorandum item: European Union (25) 4580 77.8 22.2 4443 78.5 21.5

a Trade in goods includes significant re-exports or imports for re-exports.b Secretariat estimates.Note: Trade in goods is derived from balance of payments statistics and does not correspond to the merchandise trade statistics given elsewhere in this report. It is likely that for most economies trade in commercial services is understated. See the Technical Notes.

wTable I.10

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2004

Share in totalValue exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1990 1995 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

European Union (25)

3714 - ... 100.0 100.0 11 19 192510 - ... 67.5 67.6 11 20 181204 - ... 32.5 32.4 11 17 21

3791 - ... 100.0 100.0 10 20 192510 - ... 64.1 66.2 11 20 191281 - ... 35.9 33.8 9 19 20

NAFTA (3)

1324 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 5 14740 42.6 46.0 55.6 55.9 2 4 14584 57.4 54.0 44.4 44.1 2 6 14

1997 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 8 16706 34.4 37.7 39.6 35.3 2 4 12

1291 65.6 62.3 60.4 64.7 6 10 19

ASEAN (10)

552 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 13 20128 20.1 25.5 24.0 23.1 5 10 22424 79.9 74.5 76.0 76.9 7 13 19

500 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 10 25115 16.2 18.8 23.5 23.1 7 10 22385 83.8 81.2 76.5 76.9 7 11 26

MERCOSUR (4)

136 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13 19 2817 8.9 20.5 21.0 12.6 -1 25 35

118 91.1 79.5 79.0 87.4 15 19 27

94 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 10 3718 14.5 18.1 19.8 19.1 0 25 3476 85.5 81.9 80.2 80.9 1 7 38

Andean Community (5)

73 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 3 377 4.2 12.2 8.9 9.3 ... ... ...

66 95.8 87.8 91.1 90.7 6 4 37

51 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 -3 328 7.7 12.9 13.8 16.1 ... ... ...

43 92.3 87.1 86.2 83.9 6 -4 30

a Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b.b Imports of Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela are valued f.o.b.Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade. For annual data 1994-04,see Appendix Table A3.

Total exportsIntra-exportsExtra-exports

Total importsIntra-importsExtra-imports

NAFTA (3)

Total imports aIntra-importsExtra-imports

ASEAN (10)

MERCOSUR (4)

Total imports bIntra-importsExtra-imports

Chart I.1

Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-04

(Billion dollars)

NAFTA (3)

0200400600800

100012001400160018002000

NAFTA (3)

0200400600800

12001400160018002000

ASEAN (10)

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

ASEAN (10)

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

EU (25)

4000EU (25)

Exports Imports

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

w MERCOSUR (4)

MERCOSUR (4)

Total exports

Intra-exports

Extra-exports

Total imports

Intra-imports

Extra-imports

Chart I.1 (continued)

(Billion dollars)

Exports Imports

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 041990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

80Andean Community (5)

1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

II. Selected long-term trends

Chart II.1

World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 1950-04

(Average annual percentage change in volume terms)

Trade Production

Agricultural products

Manufactures

1950-63 1963-73 1973-90 1990-04

All merchandise

Chart II.2

World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-04

Log.scale Volume indices, 1950 = 100

1950 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 2004

Manufactures

Fuels and mining

products

Manufactures

Average annual percentage change

1990-041973-901950-730

Table II.1

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1951-04

Value Volume

WorldExports Exports Production GDP

Fuels FuelsAgricultural and mining Agricultural and mining

Total a products products Manufactures Total a products products Manufactures Total Agriculture Mining Manufacturing

31.1 28.6 33.3 39.1 9.5 4.8 4.3 18.8 8.8 1.7 10.5 11.5 7.9-1.3 -13.9 16.7 6.3 4.3 0.0 16.7 0.0 2.7 3.4 2.4 3.4 2.42.5 0.0 0.0 2.9 8.3 2.3 7.1 10.5 7.9 3.3 2.3 10.0 7.14.9 3.2 7.1 5.7 7.7 0.0 6.7 9.5 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 2.29.4 3.1 13.3 13.5 10.7 11.1 9.4 8.7 9.8 3.1 11.4 15.2 6.58.6 3.0 11.8 14.3 6.5 2.0 5.7 8.0 4.4 4.5 6.1 5.3 4.17.9 8.8 5.3 8.3 9.1 9.8 8.1 11.1 2.1 0.0 1.9 2.5 3.9

-3.7 -5.4 -5.0 -1.9 -2.8 1.8 -5.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 -1.9 -2.4 0.08.6 8.6 5.3 9.8 11.4 12.3 7.9 10.0 8.3 2.7 3.8 12.5 5.7

13.2 5.3 5.0 14.3 12.8 6.3 22.0 12.1 7.7 2.6 9.3 8.9 5.43.9 2.5 9.5 6.3 4.5 5.9 4.0 5.4 3.6 1.3 6.8 6.1 5.16.0 0.0 4.3 7.4 6.5 0.0 3.8 7.7 8.6 3.8 6.3 9.6 6.59.2 9.8 8.3 11.0 12.2 2.8 5.6 11.9 4.8 2.4 4.5 5.3 4.5

11.6 6.7 11.5 14.8 10.9 5.4 8.8 14.9 9.1 4.8 8.6 10.0 7.28.1 4.2 6.9 10.8 6.6 5.1 3.2 7.4 5.6 0.0 3.9 9.1 4.19.1 4.0 9.7 10.7 7.7 3.7 6.2 10.3 6.6 3.4 5.1 8.3 6.55.4 0.0 5.9 7.9 5.7 2.4 10.3 4.7 4.9 3.3 2.4 5.1 3.7

10.7 3.8 13.9 14.6 10.8 5.7 12.0 17.9 5.9 3.2 7.1 7.3 5.914.7 7.4 9.8 17.0 12.2 5.4 6.0 16.5 5.6 0.0 2.2 8.0 6.714.3 10.3 13.3 15.2 8.7 3.1 12.4 8.7 5.3 3.1 7.5 5.3 5.112.2 7.8 11.8 14.2 7.0 2.0 1.0 9.0 5.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 4.418.3 20.3 14.0 19.4 8.4 6.9 6.9 10.1 4.8 0.0 2.9 6.7 5.6

45.8 47.7 34.4 12.1 0.9 10.2 14.2 8.2 4.9 6.5 9.8 6.945.6 22.3 124.0 31.9 5.4 -4.5 -1.7 8.8 2.5 1.9 1.8 3.3 2.14.7 1.4 -3.7 9.2 -7.3 1.0 -12.0 -4.0 -1.6 3.6 -6.0 -3.9 1.4

10.7 16.4 13.0 11.8 7.5 6.8 12.6 6.7 0.9 8.3 8.2 5.113.5 13.3 10.4 14.5 4.2 3.5 2.7 5.0 3.9 2.6 3.4 4.5 4.215.8 13.3 3.8 21.6 4.7 6.8 5.3 5.9 4.5 3.4 0.8 5.1 4.625.5 23.0 45.3 19.9 5.2 4.8 5.9 5.0 3.6 0.8 8.9 4.1 4.020.9 13.8 41.8 15.9 2.9 6.8 -6.3 5.9 1.1 0.8 -2.2 1.2 2.9-1.2 -1.9 -3.2 -0.7 -0.6 5.0 -9.9 4.0 -0.4 3.6 -7.9 0.2 2.0

-7.5 -10.6 -3.6 -2.2 -2.0 -5.8 -2.1 -1.4 3.2 -6.9 -1.4 0.8-2.0 -1.4 -8.0 0.5 2.6 0.2 -0.9 5.1 2.0 0.1 -0.9 3.1 2.95.9 5.3 -0.9 8.1 8.4 2.8 4.8 10.8 6.3 5.3 3.8 7.2 4.6

-0.3 -5.7 -3.2 3.8 2.6 -1.2 -1.2 4.8 2.5 2.4 -1.1 3.4 3.59.4 11.1 -23.8 20.3 4.0 -1.7 9.1 4.1 2.8 1.8 3.0 3.1 3.4

17.4 14.9 11.0 19.7 5.5 5.6 1.7 6.3 3.3 1.0 1.3 4.4 3.713.7 13.1 0.9 16.1 8.5 2.7 5.6 9.5 4.9 1.7 5.3 5.7 4.5

7.8 4.3 15.5 6.9 6.4 3.1 4.4 7.8 3.6 3.4 4.5 3.4 3.812.9 4.7 15.3 14.7 3.9 1.0 3.2 6.1 1.3 2.5 1.0 1.0 2.51.5 0.8 -6.2 3.3 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.6 -0.4 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 0.86.7 7.1 -0.9 8.0 4.8 6.0 4.4 4.7 0.2 2.3 0.8 -0.5 1.1

-0.2 -4.1 -3.5 0.0 4.2 1.0 3.7 4.1 0.0 0.6 2.0 -0.6 0.913.6 15.8 5.1 15.6 9.2 8.7 6.8 11.1 2.7 2.9 1.6 2.9 2.219.4 17.3 15.5 20.0 7.4 4.4 4.1 9.0 4.1 2.1 1.9 5.1 2.34.4 2.9 13.6 3.5 5.0 4.4 3.4 5.3 3.6 4.3 2.7 3.5 3.33.5 -1.3 2.7 4.6 10.2 5.7 7.4 11.0 4.9 2.3 3.3 5.7 3.4

-1.3 -4.7 -20.5 2.3 4.7 1.7 2.9 4.8 2.2 1.7 1.1 2.4 2.14.0 -3.7 15.6 3.3 4.7 1.0 -0.5 5.1 3.2 3.3 -1.3 3.6 2.9

12.8 0.9 47.9 10.1 10.4 3.6 4.5 13.0 5.2 2.0 3.7 6.1 3.8-4.1 0.1 -9.1 -3.8 -0.6 1.6 -0.9 -1.4 -1.0 1.4 -0.1 -1.7 1.34.8 6.0 -0.5 5.4 3.5 3.7 0.8 4.0 2.5 1.4 0.1 3.0 1.6

16.6 16.4 23.0 15.5 4.8 3.4 4.7 4.9 3.5 2.7 3.5 3.7 2.321.3 14.8 32.4 19.7 9.0 3.3 5.4 10.0 3.8 3.0 4.2 4.0 3.7

a Includes unspecified products.Note: See the Technical Notes for the estimation of world aggregates of merchandise exports, production and GDP.

19511952195319541955195619571958195919601961196219631964196519661967196819691970197119721973 38.6

1974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004

Table II.2

1948 1953 1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 2004

Exports

World 58.0 84.0 157.0 579.0 1838.0 3670.0 7342.0 8907.0

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

North America 28.3 24.9 19.9 17.3 16.8 18.0 15.8 14.9 United States 21.7 18.8 14.9 12.3 11.2 12.7 9.9 9.2

South and Central America 11.4 9.8 6.3 4.3 4.4 3.0 2.9 3.1 Brazil 2.0 1.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 Argentina 2.8 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Europe 31.5 34.9 41.4 45.4 43.5 45.4 46.1 45.3

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) a - - - - - 1.5 2.7 3.0

Africa 7.3 6.5 5.7 4.8 4.5 2.5 2.4 2.6 South Africa b 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.5

Middle East 2.0 2.7 3.2 4.1 6.8 3.4 4.1 4.4

Asia 13.6 13.1 12.4 14.9 19.1 26.1 26.1 26.8 China 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.2 2.5 6.0 6.7 Japan 0.4 1.5 3.5 6.4 8.0 9.9 6.4 6.4 India 2.2 1.3 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 Australia and New-Zealand 3.7 3.2 2.4 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.2Six East Asian traders 3.0 2.7 2.4 3.4 5.8 9.7 9.4 9.7

Memorandum item GATT/WTO Members c 60.4 68.7 72.8 81.8 76.5 89.5 94.3 93.7

Imports

World 66.0 84.0 163.0 589.0 1881.0 3768.0 7623.0 9250.0

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

North America 20.6 20.7 16.2 17.3 18.5 21.5 22.7 21.8 United States 13.0 13.9 11.4 12.3 14.3 16.0 17.1 16.5

South and Central America 9.8 8.3 6.0 4.4 3.8 3.3 2.5 2.6 Brazil 1.7 1.6 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 Argentina 2.4 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Europe 40.4 39.4 45.4 47.4 44.2 44.8 45.4 44.8

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) a - - - - - 1.2 1.7 1.9

Africa 7.6 7.0 5.5 4.0 4.6 2.6 2.2 2.3 South Africa b 2.2 1.5 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.6

Middle East 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.8 6.2 3.3 2.6 2.7

Asia 14.2 15.1 14.2 15.1 18.5 23.3 23.0 24.0 China 1.1 1.7 0.9 0.9 1.1 2.8 5.4 6.1 Japan 1.0 2.9 4.1 6.5 6.7 6.4 5.0 4.9 India 3.1 1.4 1.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.1 Australia and New-Zealand 2.6 2.4 2.3 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4Six East Asian traders 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.7 6.1 9.9 8.1 8.5

Memorandum item GATT/WTO Members c 52.9 66.0 74.2 89.1 83.9 88.7 96.1 95.8

a Figures are significantly affected by changes in the country composition of the region and major adjustment in trade conversion factors between 1983 and 1993.b Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the Southern African Customs Union.c Membership as of the year stated.Note: Between 1973 and 1983 and between 1993 and 2004 export and import shares were significantly influenced by oil price developments.

World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004

Table II.3

Merchandise trade of the United States by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004

Exports Imports

1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 2004 1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 2004

22.9 72.4 205.6 464.8 724.8 818.8 17.1 70.3 269.9 603.2 1303.1 1525.5

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

21.2 26.4 25.4 30.6 36.9 36.7 25.7 28.6 26.1 25.6 28.1 27.4

11.6 9.5 7.9 7.9 7.1 7.4 20.1 10.3 9.5 6.1 6.4 6.9

29.7 28.8 26.8 24.9 23.3 23.1 27.5 27.6 21.1 20.1 21.6 20.8

- - - ... 21.3 21.1 - - - ... 19.9 19.1

- - - ... 2.0 1.9 - - - ... 1.7 1.7

- - - 0.8 0.5 0.6 - - - 0.4 0.8 1.0

- - - 0.6 0.3 0.4 - - - 0.3 0.7 0.8

4.3 3.1 3.7 2.0 1.5 1.6 4.7 4.3 5.6 2.6 2.6 3.2

1.2 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.4

3.1 2.1 2.7 1.5 1.1 1.3 3.2 3.8 4.8 2.3 2.2 2.8

2.4 3.0 6.5 3.6 2.7 2.9 1.8 2.4 2.8 2.7 3.4 3.6

20.6 23.3 26.0 30.1 28.0 27.7 19.6 26.1 34.5 42.5 37.0 37.2

7.5 11.4 10.1 10.3 7.2 6.7 8.8 13.8 16.1 18.3 9.3 8.7

0.0 0.0 1.4 1.9 3.9 4.2 0.0 0.1 0.9 5.6 12.5 13.8

3.0 5.6 9.2 13.4 12.2 11.2 2.9 7.5 12.2 14.4 10.6 5.7

10.1 6.3 5.3 4.5 4.6 5.6 7.9 4.8 5.3 5.8 6.3 5.4

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

29.8 28.7 21.6 13.3 10.5 9.7 33.3 18.3 10.3 7.3 5.9 5.821.5 23.2 17.3 10.1 8.1 7.3 23.3 13.6 7.8 5.3 4.7 4.4

0.1 1.2 4.2 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.7 6.1 16.4 1.0 0.9 0.821.4 72.2 150.6 9.4 7.6 6.8 15.7 35.7 75.4 4.3 3.8 3.6

6.3 5.5 4.3 3.2 2.4 2.4 10.0 4.7 2.5 2.0 1.3 1.4

8.1 6.0 7.6 4.1 3.9 4.6 22.9 18.6 26.4 12.1 14.2 16.22.2 2.1 1.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 6.1 2.4 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.4

4.1 2.3 4.7 2.1 1.9 2.3 11.6 12.8 22.3 9.8 12.5 14.2

1.7 1.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 5.3 3.5 2.8 1.5 1.3 1.6

61.4 62.8 67.4 76.6 81.3 81.7 40.5 60.5 60.5 77.1 76.0 74.32.3 1.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 3.8 4.3 2.7 1.8 1.1 1.8

8.6 8.1 9.9 9.9 13.0 13.8 3.3 11.1 4.2 5.1 8.0 7.61.2 2.7 11.4 1.3 2.6 2.9 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 2.4 2.37.4 22.7 77.4 8.6 10.3 10.9 3.0 10.9 3.7 4.4 5.5 5.3

5.6 5.2 4.9 5.3 6.0 6.0 10.9 8.8 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.0

35.9 40.0 42.7 48.4 48.5 48.0 10.8 31.1 33.0 44.0 41.0 39.94.2 6.2 10.8 14.1 15.5 14.8 2.3 6.3 8.9 15.3 13.9 14.0

... ... 5.7 6.7 5.7 5.4 ... ... 2.6 7.3 6.3 6.31.8 3.1 3.3 3.4

... ... 3.3 4.3 6.6 6.0 ... ... 2.0 3.5 2.0 1.813.3 18.6 16.7 18.0 16.6 16.1 4.7 17.9 16.4 17.2 16.5 15.3

7.5 11.0 8.4 9.6 9.6 9.3 3.5 15.2 14.4 14.9 13.9 12.95.7 7.6 8.3 8.4 7.0 6.7 1.1 2.7 1.9 2.3 2.6 2.4

18.4 15.3 15.3 16.3 16.4 17.2 3.8 6.8 7.7 11.5 10.6 10.60.6 0.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.7 0.1 0.1 0.7 1.5 1.3 1.2

14.2 11.0 9.3 9.0 8.5 8.3 2.8 4.4 4.3 5.9 5.1 5.13.6 3.8 3.4 4.6 5.0 4.6 1.0 2.3 2.6 4.2 4.2 4.0

2.1 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 4.0 2.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4

0.4 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.6 2.3 3.1 3.9 5.9 5.5 5.0

6.5 5.4 7.5 9.9 10.6 10.7 5.4 7.5 8.6 12.1 12.1 11.6... ... ... 0.8 0.7 0.7 ... ... ... 3.5 3.7 3.6... ... ... 3.4 4.3 4.5 ... ... ... 1.4 1.8 1.9... ... ... 5.7 5.6 5.5 ... ... ... 7.2 6.5 6.1

4.3 4.6 5.6 5.9

North America

Europe

European Union (25)

Other Europe

Russian Federation

Africa

South Africa

Other Africa

Middle East

Six East Asian traders

Other Asia

Total merchandise

Agricultural productsFood

FishOther food products

Raw materials

Fuels and mining productsOres and other minerals

Non-ferrous metals

ManufacturesIron and steel

ChemicalsPharmaceuticalsOther chemicals

Other semi-manufactures

Machinery and transport equipmentOffice and telecom equipment

EDP and office equipmentTelecommunications equipment ... ... ... ...Integrated circuits

Transport equipmentAutomotive productsOther transport equipment

Other machineryPower generating machineryNon-electrical machineryElectrical machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufacturesPersonal and household goodsScientific and controlling instrumentsMiscellaneous manufactures

Table II.4

Merchandise trade of Europe by region and by product, 2000-04

Exports Imports

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World 2633.5 2654.6 2835.7 3381.7 4031.1 2774.7 2732.8 2872.7 3457.2 4139.9

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Intra-Europe 73.2 72.8 72.9 73.8 73.7 69.2 70.4 71.7 72.0 71.7European Union (25) 67.4 67.2 67.1 67.8 67.4 64.1 65.2 66.3 66.5 66.1Other Europe 5.9 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.3 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.6

Inter-regional trade 25.7 26.1 25.9 25.1 25.2 29.2 28.1 27.1 26.9 27.3

North America 10.5 10.4 10.3 9.5 9.1 8.3 8.0 7.2 6.3 5.9

South and Central America 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.3Russian Federation 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.6

Africa 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7North Africa 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.1Sub-Saharan Africa 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.6

South Africa 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8Other Sub-Saharan Africa 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8

Middle East 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6

Asia 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.6 11.9 11.2 11.3 11.8 12.1Japan 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 3.3 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4China 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.7 4.1Australia and New Zealand 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4Six East Asian traders 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.3 4.4 4.0 3.8 3.8 2.8Other Asia 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 2.4

Total merchandise 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agricultural products 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.1 9.7 9.9 10.2 10.3 9.7Food 7.7 7.8 7.9 8.1 7.6 7.6 8.0 8.3 8.4 7.9

Fish 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7Other food products 7.0 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.1 6.9 7.1 7.4 7.6 7.2

Raw materials 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8

Fuels and mining products 7.8 7.2 7.0 7.1 7.5 12.0 11.5 11.0 11.4 12.0Ores and other minerals 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3Fuels 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.8 5.0 8.5 8.2 7.9 8.4 8.7Non-ferrous metals 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.9

Manufactures 80.7 81.2 81.4 80.9 80.2 75.9 76.0 76.4 75.9 75.0Iron and steel 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.5 3.1Chemicals 13.0 13.6 14.6 14.9 14.9 10.7 11.4 12.4 12.6 12.6

Pharmaceuticals 3.1 3.9 4.8 4.9 5.0 2.3 3.0 3.9 4.0 4.0Other chemicals 9.9 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.9 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.6

Other semi-manufactures 8.9 8.8 8.9 8.7 8.6 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.8Machinery and transport equipment 41.9 41.9 40.9 40.3 39.8 40.1 39.4 38.5 37.9 37.3

Office and telecom equipment 10.9 10.2 9.2 8.4 8.0 13.1 12.1 11.3 10.3 10.2EDP and office equipment 4.4 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.2 5.8 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.6Telecommunications equipment 4.3 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.3 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.7 3.8Integrated circuits 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.5 1.5 2.8 2.5 2.3 1.8 1.8

Transport equipment 15.8 16.3 16.6 16.9 16.8 14.2 14.5 14.8 15.4 15.1Automotive products 11.0 11.3 11.8 12.2 12.0 9.5 9.7 10.2 10.6 10.4Other transport equipment 4.8 5.1 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.7

Other machinery 15.2 15.4 15.0 15.0 14.9 12.9 12.8 12.4 12.3 12.0Textiles 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9Clothing 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.4 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2

Other manufactures 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.3 9.2 9.4 9.5 9.5 9.1Personal and household goods 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3Scientific and controlling instruments 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8Miscellaneous manufactures 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.1

Table II.5

Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004

Exports Imports

1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 2004 1963 1973 1983 1993 2003 2004

North America

Europe

European Union (25)

Other Europe

Russian Federation

Africa

South Africa

Other Africa

Middle East

China a

Six East Asian traders

Australia and New Zealand

Other Asia

Total merchandise

FishOther food products

Raw materials

Fuels and mining productsOres and other minerals

Non-ferrous metals

ManufacturesIron and steel

ChemicalsPharmaceuticalsOther chemicals

Machinery and transport equipment

Office and telecom equipmentEDP and office equipmentTelecommunications equipmentIntegrated circuits

Transport equipmentAutomotive productsOther transport equipment

Other machineryPower generating machineryNon-electrical machineryElectrical machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufacturesPersonal and household goodsScientific and controlling instrumentsMiscellaneous manufactures

a Includes significant shipments recorded as exports to Hong Kong, China with China as final destination.

5.5 36.9 147.0 362.2 471.8 565.8 6.7 38.3 126.4 241.6 382.9 454.5

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

30.7 29.2 32.4 32.2 27.3 25.2 37.6 30.2 24.6 26.9 18.1 16.3

5.3 5.2 2.3 3.3 1.4 1.4 6.4 4.4 3.5 2.8 2.0 2.3

13.3 17.9 15.8 18.3 17.0 16.8 10.0 10.6 8.8 15.5 14.5 14.2

- - - ... 16.0 15.8 - - - ... 13.1 12.7

- - - ... 0.9 1.0 - - - ... 1.5 1.5

- - - 0.5 0.5 0.7 - - - 1.2 1.2 1.4

- - - 0.4 0.4 0.6 - - - 1.1 1.1 1.3

6.3 4.1 3.6 2.0 1.0 1.2 3.9 4.5 2.6 1.6 1.7 1.9

1.5 1.6 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 1.9 1.5 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0

4.8 2.4 2.4 1.5 0.6 0.7 2.0 3.1 1.3 0.8 0.7 0.9

3.2 4.1 10.8 3.3 2.7 2.6 11.2 12.5 26.5 11.3 13.4 13.8

34.9 31.6 31.0 40.1 49.0 51.1 28.2 34.5 32.6 40.3 49.1 50.1

1.1 2.8 3.3 4.8 15.4 16.4 1.1 2.5 4.0 8.5 19.7 20.7

3.7 3.9 3.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 8.5 10.2 6.0 5.8 4.5 4.8

15.8 18.0 17.8 28.3 29.3 30.5 8.4 9.8 9.7 17.0 16.6 16.5

14.2 6.9 6.3 4.6 1.8 1.7 10.3 12.0 12.9 9.1 8.4 8.1

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

8.8 4.1 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 44.5 36.0 20.7 24.6 15.3 14.45.9 2.4 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 20.8 18.9 13.5 17.3 12.3 11.63.7 1.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 2.6 3.1 5.8 3.3 3.12.2 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 20.2 16.3 10.5 11.6 9.0 8.5

3.0 1.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 23.7 17.1 7.1 7.3 2.9 2.8

1.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.7 2.0 32.9 37.8 55.9 26.8 26.1 27.60.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 13.0 11.6 5.9 3.6 2.7 3.1

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 18.0 21.8 46.7 20.4 21.2 21.9

0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.9 4.3 3.2 2.7 2.2 2.6

88.8 90.7 95.6 95.5 93.0 92.7 22.4 25.6 21.5 46.1 57.1 56.312.9 14.4 8.7 4.0 3.8 4.1 1.3 0.6 1.1 1.7 0.9 1.2

5.8 5.8 4.6 5.6 8.3 8.5 5.5 4.9 5.5 7.3 7.7 7.60.5 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.6 1.65.3 5.5 4.4 5.1 7.6 7.9 4.9 3.9 4.6 5.7 6.1 6.0

11.7 7.0 6.3 4.4 4.3 4.2 1.2 3.9 2.1 4.9 4.3 4.4

27.4 51.7 63.8 71.8 66.8 65.6 12.0 8.3 7.0 16.9 27.6 27.4

6.8 12.7 18.4 23.3 19.1 18.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 6.8 14.2 14.1... ... 4.8 9.1 5.1 4.6 ... ... 0.8 2.9 6.3 6.0... ... 11.1 8.1 6.5 6.3 ... ... 0.4 1.8 3.4 3.5... ... 2.5 6.1 7.5 7.2 ... ... 0.7 2.2 4.5 4.6

12.2 26.1 28.6 28.3 27.3 26.0 2.4 1.8 2.1 4.5 4.7 4.33.4 12.0 20.9 22.1 21.8 20.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 2.7 2.9 2.88.7 14.1 7.7 6.2 5.6 5.6 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.58.4 12.9 16.8 20.1 20.4 21.5 7.5 4.4 3.0 5.6 8.7 8.90.2 0.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.24.6 8.1 10.3 12.4 12.6 13.6 5.4 2.8 1.6 2.7 3.4 3.63.6 4.3 5.1 6.4 6.6 6.7 1.3 1.3 0.9 2.1 4.1 4.1

16.8 6.6 3.6 1.9 1.4 1.3 0.6 3.0 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.2

3.9 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.2 5.2 5.1 4.8

10.3 6.5 8.1 7.7 8.4 8.8 1.7 3.6 3.3 8.5 10.2 9.81.7 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.6 2.4 2.7 2.53.1 3.7 1.4 2.1 3.1 3.5 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.5 2.5 2.55.5 2.4 6.5 5.4 5.1 5.2 0.6 2.1 1.9 4.6 5.0 4.8

III. Trade by region1. Overview

Exports Imports

Chart III.1

Value of world merchandise trade by region, 1997-04

(Annual percentage change in value)

Middle East

North America

30South and Central America

Africa

Commonwealth of Independent States

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

30Europe

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

-27-15

Exports Imports

North America South and Central America

Europe Commonwealth of Independent States

Asia World

Chart III.2

Volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1997-04

Table III.2

World merchandise imports by region, 2004

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 1990 1995 2000 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 9250 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 4 17 21

North America 2013 19.6 19.8 25.8 5 1 8 17

United States 1526 14.8 15.0 19.3 5 2 9 17

South and Central America 237 2.5 3.4 3.1 4 -13 5 27

Brazil 66 0.6 1.0 0.9 3 -15 2 30

Europe 4140

European Union (25) 3791

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 172

Russian Federation 96 - 1.2 0.7 21 13 25 27

Africa 212 2.8 2.5 2.0 13 2 22 27

South Africa 57 0.5 0.6 0.5 18 4 40 39

Middle East 252 2.9 2.5 2.4 12 4 13 27

Asia 2224 20.3 24.5 22.9 10 6 19 27

Japan 455 6.7 6.5 5.8 5 -3 14 19

China 561 1.5 2.6 3.4 26 21 40 36

Six East Asian traders 785 8.0 11.0 9.4 6 4 12 27

Memorandum items:

ASEAN (10) 500 4.6 6.9 5.8 7 5 10 25

MERCOSUR (4) 94 0.8 1.6 1.4 1 -26 10 37

39.2 10 5 20 19- ...

- 1.8 1.2 21 10 27 30

45.4 42.5 11 5 20 20

Table III.1

World merchandise exports by region, 2004

2004 1990 1995 2000 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 8907 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 5 17 21

North America 1324 16.6 17.1 19.5 2 -4 5 14

United States 819 11.6 11.7 12.5 1 -5 5 13

South and Central America 276 3.1 3.0 3.1 9 0 13 30

Brazil 96 0.9 0.9 0.9 15 4 21 32

- 46.5 42.0 11 7 19 19

38.9 11 7 19 19European Union (25)

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 266 2.2 2.3 16 6 27 37 -

Russian Federation 183 - 1.6 1.7 15 5 27 35

Africa 232 3.1 2.2 2.3 12 2 25 32

South Africa 46 0.7 0.6 0.5 11 2 23 26

Middle East 390 4.1 3.0 4.3 10 5 20 29

Asia 2388 21.8 26.0 26.4 10 8 18 25

Japan 566 8.5 8.8 7.6 4 3 13 20

China 593 1.8 3.0 4.0 24 22 35 35

Six East Asian traders 860 7.8 10.3 10.4 7 6 15 24

Memorandum items:

MERCOSUR (4) 136 1.4 1.4 1.3 13 1 19 28

ASEAN (10) 552 4.2 6.4 6.9 6 5 13 20

4031Europe

3714 - ...

Table III.3

Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2004

DestinationSouth and Commonwealth

North Central of Independent MiddleOrigin America America Europe States (CIS) Africa East Asia World

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

Share of inter-regional trade flows in each region's total merchandise exports

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

Share of regional trade flows in world merchandise exports

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

742 71 216 5 15 25 249 1324

6493 59 3 7 5 39 276

367 51 2973 88 98 105 308 4031

18 6 129 55 4 10 35 266

43 7 99 1 23 3 39 232

55 4 64 1 13 22 193 390

533 39 417 25 45 75 1201 2388

1852 242 3957 179 205 245 2065 8907

56.0 5.4 16.3 0.4 1.1 1.9 18.8 100.0

33.7 23.2 21.4 1.1 2.5 1.8 14.1 100.0

9.1 1.3 73.8 2.2 2.4 2.6 7.6 100.0

6.8 2.3 48.5 20.7 1.5 3.8 13.2 100.0

18.5 3.0 42.7 0.4 9.9 1.3 16.8 100.0

14.1 1.0 16.4 0.3 3.3 5.6 49.5 100.0

22.3 1.6 17.5 1.0 1.9 3.1 50.3 100.0

20.8 2.7 44.4 2.0 2.3 2.8 23.2 100.0

8.3 0.8 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 2.8 14.9

1.0 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4 3.1

4.1 0.6 33.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 3.5 45.3

0.2 0.1 1.4 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.4 3.0

0.5 0.1 1.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.4 2.6

0.6 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 2.2 4.4

6.0 0.4 4.7 0.3 0.5 0.8 13.5 26.8

20.8 2.7 44.4 2.0 2.3 2.8 23.2 100.0

North America South and Central America

Europe Africa

Asia World

Exports Imports

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Chart III.3

World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1997-04

(Annual percentage change in value)

Table III.4

World exports of commercial services by region, 2004

2004 1990 1995 2000 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

North America

United States

Brazil

Europe

European Union (25)

United Kingdom

Germany

France

Russian Federation

Africa

South Africa

Middle East

Israel

Japan a

Hong Kong, China

Korea, Republic of

Singapore

Taipei, Chinese

Australia

Thailand

Malaysia

New Zealand

a Secretariat estimates for exports prior to 2003 are based on the new methodology applied by the Bank of Japan. See the Technical Notes.

2125 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 7 14 18

379 20.3 19.8 22.3 3 2 5 11

318 17.0 16.8 18.8 3 2 5 11

56 2.9 2.9 3.2 4 -3 9 14

12 0.5 0.5 0.6 6 1 9 20

1126 - 50.5 48.6 12 9 19 17

1017 - 45.5 43.5 12 9 19 17

172 6.9 6.5 7.9 10 11 13 18

134 6.5 6.2 5.4 14 15 20 15

110 8.5 7.0 5.4 8 4 15 12

85 3.5 3.4 3.6 12 7 23 11

33 - ... 1.2 18 19 16 23

20 - 0.9 0.6 20 20 20 25

48 2.4 2.2 2.1 12 4 24 20

14 0.6 0.7 0.7 10 4 19 30

8 0.4 0.4 0.3 13 1 60 10

36 ... ... 2.0 5 -2 13 16

14 0.6 0.7 1.0 0 -7 12 16

450 16.8 21.8 20.7 10 7 9 27

95 ... 5.8 4.9 7 2 8 25

62 0.7 1.6 2.0 20 20 18 34

54 2.3 2.9 2.6 8 9 6 18

40 1.2 1.9 2.0 8 -3 15 27

40 ... ... 1.1 ... 14 21 ...

37 1.6 2.3 2.0 6 3 2 19

26 0.9 1.3 1.3 6 9 7 11

25 1.3 1.3 1.2 8 7 18 20

19 0.8 1.2 0.9 8 18 3 21

17 0.5 1.0 0.9 5 3 -9 24

8 0.3 0.4 0.3 16 18 25 23

Table III.5

World imports of commercial services by region, 2004

2004 1990 1995 2000 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

2095 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 5 14 17

335 16.5 14.3 18.3 6 3 9 13

260 11.9 10.8 14.2 6 2 8 14

58 3.0 3.8 3.7 1 -11 4 14

16 0.8 1.1 1.1 1 -15 6 12

1025 - 46.7 45.7 11 8 19 15

954 - 43.5 42.5 11 8 19 15

193 10.2 10.9 9.2 9 2 19 13

136 5.4 5.2 6.5 9 9 13 14

96 6.1 5.4 4.1 13 10 20 18

81 5.7 4.6 3.7 10 9 20 10

50 - ... 1.6 20 16 17 25

33 - 1.7 1.1 19 15 16 24

55 3.2 2.9 2.6 10 6 16 16

9 0.4 0.5 0.4 13 3 49 16

7 0.4 0.4 0.5 1 -5 0 22

61 ... ... 3.1 7 1 12 20

13 0.6 0.7 0.8 2 -8 4 13

512 21.8 27.4 25.1 8 5 8 25

134 10.3 10.1 7.9 4 0 3 22

72 0.5 2.1 2.4 19 18 19 31

50 1.2 2.1 2.2 11 11 10 25

41 ... ... 1.3 ... 5 23 ...

36 1.0 1.7 1.9 7 5 -1 23

30 1.7 1.9 1.7 4 2 4 20

30 1.3 1.7 1.7 5 4 1 16

26 1.6 1.4 1.2 9 7 19 22

23 0.8 1.6 1.0 11 14 9 28

21 0.7 1.1 1.0 ... 8 2 ...

19 0.7 1.2 1.1 3 -2 7 8

a Secretariat estimate.

North America

United States

Brazil

Europe

European Union (25)

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Russian Federation

Africa

South Africa

Middle East

Israel

Korea, Republic of

Singapore

Taipei, Chinese

Hong Kong, China

Australia

Thailand

Indonesia a

Malaysia

Exports Imports

Chart III.4

Trade in commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003

(Billion dollars)

Note: Excluding intra-EU trade

UnitedStates

EuropeanUnion (15)

Japan UnitedStates

EuropeanUnion (15)

European Union (15)

United States

Table III.7

Imports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003

(Percentage)

World United States EU (15) Japan Other economies

100 19 23 5 54

100 - 38 8 54

100 32 - 3 65

100 29 21 - 49

100 17 27 5 50

Note: Excluding intra-EU (15) trade.

United States

European Union (15)

Other economies

Table III.6

Exports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003

(Percentage)

World United States EU (15) Japan Other economies

United States

European Union (15)

Other economies

Note: Excluding intra-EU (15) trade.

100 14 21 7 58

100 - 35 10 55

100 32 - 5 63

100 31 22 - 48

100 10 24 7 58

2. North America

Imports

Exports

Chart III.5

Merchandise trade of North America, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Imports

Exports

Chart III.6

Share of North America in world merchandise trade, 1994-04(Percentage based on value data)

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Table III.8

Merchandise trade of North America, 2004

Exports Imports

Value 1324 2013

Share in world merchandise trade 14.9 21.8

Value1980-85 2 61985-90 11 91990-95 9 81995-00 7 112000-04 2 5

2002 -4 12003 5 82004 14 17

Volume1980-85 0.5 6.51985-90 8.5 5.51990-95 7.5 7.01995-00 8.0 11.02000-04 0.0 3.5

2002 -2.5 3.52003 1.0 4.52004 7.5 10.5

Table III.9

Merchandise trade of North America by regionand by major product group, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Imports Exports Imports

Total 1324 2013 100.0 100.0

Region

Intra-North America 742 713 56.0 35.4

South and Central America 71 124 5.4 6.1

Europe 216 381 16.3 18.9

CIS 5 17 0.4 0.8

Africa 15 53 1.1 2.6

Middle East 25 58 1.9 2.9

Asia 249 664 18.8 33.0

Product group

Agricultural products 131 123 9.9 6.1

Fuels and mining products 132 289 10.0 14.3

Manufactures 1009 1536 76.2 76.3

Table III.10

Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2004

Share in exports Share inValue of North America world exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

1324.5 100.0 100.0 19.5 14.9 2 -4 5 14

131.0 9.4 9.9 20.9 16.7 3 -2 9 9

93.0 6.5 7.0 18.6 14.8 4 -2 10 6

7.9 0.5 0.6 12.2 11.3 5 3 6 9

85.1 6.0 6.4 19.5 15.3 4 -2 10 6

38.1 2.9 2.9 29.1 24.4 2 -3 6 18

132.1 7.7 10.0 10.8 10.3 9 -6 25 26

16.4 0.9 1.2 16.1 14.2 11 0 16 33

94.4 5.4 7.1 9.7 9.5 9 -8 32 23

21.4 1.5 1.6 14.1 12.4 5 -5 3 34

1008.7 78.6 76.2 20.5 15.4 1 -4 3 14

16.7 0.9 1.3 7.9 6.3 10 7 13 37

142.1 8.4 10.7 17.6 14.6 8 2 12 21

28.6 1.2 2.2 14.0 11.6 17 5 21 26

113.4 7.1 8.6 18.4 15.6 7 1 10 20

88.5 6.5 6.7 17.9 14.0 3 -2 3 15

607.9 50.8 45.9 23.7 17.5 -1 -5 1 12

169.1 17.0 12.8 21.6 14.9 -5 -13 2 10

61.3 6.1 4.6 20.2 14.6 -5 -18 5 6

53.9 5.2 4.1 22.3 14.1 -4 -12 -8 22

53.9 5.7 4.1 22.6 16.3 -6 -8 8 4

241.0 18.2 18.2 26.9 20.0 2 1 0 9

171.6 12.9 13.0 27.5 20.3 2 4 1 10

69.4 5.3 5.2 25.5 19.3 2 -4 -4 7

197.7 15.6 14.9 23.0 17.4 1 -5 1 17

16.7 1.3 1.3 10.2 8.6 1 2 1 9

14.3 1.6 1.1 9.8 5.5 -7 -7 -6 -4

122.6 9.1 9.3 20.8 15.9 2 -4 5 13

15.8 1.3 1.2 13.6 9.6 0 -3 3 8

44.5 3.2 3.4 32.5 23.6 4 -5 6 17

62.3 4.7 4.7 19.0 15.0 2 -4 4 12

Total merchandise exports

Other food products

Raw materials

Ores and other minerals

Non-ferrous metals

Manufactures

Iron and steel

Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals

Other chemicals

Office and telecom equipment

EDP and office equipment

Telecommunications equipment

Integrated circuits

Transport equipment

Automotive products

Other transport equipment

Other machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufactures

Personal and household goods

Scientific and controlling instruments

Miscellaneous manufactures

Table III.11

Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2004

Share in imports Share inValue of North America world imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

2012.7 100.0 100.0 25.8 21.8 5 1 8 17

123.3 5.7 6.1 16.2 14.7 6 4 8 12

95.2 4.3 4.7 15.5 14.2 7 6 10 9

13.7 0.7 0.7 21.2 18.5 3 2 9 3

81.5 3.6 4.0 14.7 13.7 8 7 10 10

28.0 1.4 1.4 18.4 16.8 4 0 3 24

288.6 11.6 14.3 21.5 21.4 10 -7 28 33

12.0 0.6 0.6 13.3 9.2 5 -3 6 29

245.1 9.4 12.2 22.3 23.5 11 -6 34 32

31.4 1.7 1.6 21.7 18.0 3 -12 2 40

1536.4 78.8 76.3 27.4 22.6 4 2 5 15

41.1 1.7 2.0 18.6 14.5 9 4 -6 83

167.2 6.6 8.3 18.5 16.7 11 8 16 13

45.1 1.2 2.2 18.3 18.2 22 28 27 12

122.0 5.4 6.1 18.6 16.2 7 3 12 14

147.7 7.2 7.3 25.5 21.9 5 5 6 17

841.4 46.5 41.8 29.2 23.7 2 0 3 14

28.2 24.0 0 -2 3 20

121.2 6.7 6.0 29.6 28.3 2 1 6 18

110.6 5.5 5.5 31.4 28.4 5 2 7 24

44.2 4.3 2.2 23.4 13.3 -12 -14 -8 15

324.4 17.0 16.1 33.8 26.5 3 5 2 9

273.4 14.1 13.6 40.5 31.8 3 8 2 8

51.0 2.8 2.5 18.5 13.9 1 -8 2 11

241.0 13.1 12.0 25.8 20.6 2 -3 3 16

30.9 1.6 1.5 16.0 15.0 4 7 5 11

83.9 4.4 4.2 36.2 31.1 3 0 6 6

224.2 10.8 11.1 32.2 27.8 5 5 7 12

62.2 2.8 3.1 37.5 34.6 7 8 9 12

40.4 1.9 2.0 26.3 21.1 6 -2 11 19

121.5 6.1 6.0 32.3 27.9 4 5 5 10

Total merchandise imports

Other food products

Raw materials

Non-ferrous metals

Manufactures

Iron and steel

Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals

Other chemicals

Integrated circuits

Transport equipment

Automotive products

Other machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufactures

276.0 16.5 13.7

Table III.12

Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 1324.4 100.0 100.0 2 -4 5 14

Intra-North America 742.2 55.8 56.0 2 -2 4 14

Asia 249.2 19.0 18.8 2 -1 8 13

Japan 61.6 5.9 4.6 -4 -10 2 5

China 40.3 1.5 3.0 21 13 28 25

Korea, Republic of 28.1 2.4 2.1 -1 1 6 10

Hong Kong, China 16.9 1.3 1.3 2 -9 8 15

Europe 215.9 16.7 16.3 1 -9 7 13

European Union (25) 197.1 15.3 14.9 1 -9 7 13

South and Central America 71.4 5.5 5.4 1 -11 1 19

Brazil 15.2 1.4 1.1 -2 -22 -8 24

Middle East 25.1 1.7 1.9 5 -2 3 22

Africa 14.8 1.0 1.1 5 -12 1 24

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 5.3 0.3 0.4 11 -1 0 31

Inter-regional trade 581.8 44.2 43.9 2 -6 6 14

Other Asia 102.4 7.8 7.7 2 2 5 13

Other Europe 18.7 1.5 1.4 1 -13 11 14

Other South and Central America 56.3 4.2 4.2 2 -8 4 18

0.3 2 -13 14 13South Africa 3.5 0.3

Other Africa 11.3 0.7 0.9 7 -12 -2 28

Table III.13

Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2004

World 2012.7 100.0 100.0 5 2 7 17

Intra-North America 712.8 39.7 35.4 2 -2 4 12Asia 663.8 31.7 33.0 6 6 7 19

China 245.1 7.1 12.2 20 23 24 31

Japan 155.3 10.1 7.7 -2 -2 -4 11

Korea, Republic of 52.3 2.9 2.6 2 2 5 13

Taipei, Chinese 39.2 2.8 1.9 -5 0 -6 3

Singapore 16.3 1.3 0.8 -6 1 2 -7

Hong Kong, China 10.3 0.8 0.5 -6 -3 -5 -1

Europe 381.2 18.0 18.9 6 3 9 13

European Union (25) 347.3 16.4 17.3 6 2 9 12

South and Central America 123.5 5.2 6.1 9 4 14 27

Brazil 29.2 1.0 1.4 14 12 15 22

Middle East 57.7 2.6 2.9 7 -7 22 23

Africa 52.9 1.9 2.6 14 -11 45 40

0.6 0.8 11 3 27 47

Inter-regional trade 1295.6 59.9 64.4 6 4 10 19

Other Asia 145.1 6.8 7.2 6 5 6 22

Other Europe 33.9 1.6 1.7 6

Other South and Central America 94.4 4.1 4.7 8 2 14 29

0.3 9 -9 14 30South Africa 6.9 0.3

Other Africa 46.0 1.6 2.3 14 -12 52 42

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 16.5

6 7 19

Table III.14

Merchandise exports and imports of Canada, Mexico and the United States, 2004

Value Value Volume

2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

North America 1324 2 -4 5 14 0.0 -2.5 1.0 7.5

Canada 317 3 -3 8 16 0.5 0.0 -1.5 7.0Mexico 189 3 1 3 14 -1.0 -1.0 -2.0 2.5United States 819 1 -5 5 13 0.5 -4.0 3.0 9.0

Importers

North America 2013 5 1 8 17 3.5 3.5 4.5 10.5

Canada 280 3 0 8 14 1.5 0.5 4.0 8.0Mexico 206 3 0 1 16 1.0 0.5 -1.5 9.5United States 1526 5 2 9 17 4.5 4.5 5.5 11.0

Table III.15

Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2004

Exports Imports a

Annual Origin Annualpercentage percentage

Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 316.5 100.0 100.0 8 16 World 273.4 100.0 100.0 8 14

North America 270.3 87.7 85.4 6 15 North America 171.1 66.4 62.6 5 11

Asia 20.3 5.3 6.4 18 24 Asia 46.9 14.2 17.2 14 21

Europe 19.5 5.1 6.2 24 24 Europe 38.1 12.1 13.9 14 14

South and Central America 3.1 1.0 1.0 7 29 South and Central America 6.9 1.8 2.5 13 38

Middle East 1.6 0.4 0.5 21 39 Africa 3.8 0.8 1.4 56 23

Africa 1.3 0.4 0.4 11 9 Middle East 2.5 0.7 0.9 25 20

CIS 0.5 0.1 0.1 64 33 CIS 1.3 0.2 0.5 109 87

Economy Economy

United States 267.9 87.3 84.6 6 15 United States 160.8 63.1 58.8 5 10

European Union (25) 17.4 4.7 5.5 25 22 European Union (25) 32.3 10.4 11.8 13 13

Japan 6.6 2.2 2.1 9 13 China 18.5 3.1 6.8 30 40

China 5.1 0.9 1.6 29 49 Mexico 10.3 3.3 3.8 7 18

Mexico 2.3 0.5 0.7 2 45 Japan 10.3 4.6 3.8 1 4

Above 5 299.2 95.6 94.5 7 16 Above 5 232.2 84.5 84.9 7 13

Korea, Republic of 1.7 0.5 0.5 8 25 Korea, Republic of 4.5 1.4 1.6 18 23

Australia 1.2 0.3 0.4 41 14 Norway 3.8 1.2 1.4 23 24

Norway 1.1 0.2 0.3 12 55 Taipei, Chinese 3.0 1.4 1.1 -1 13

Hong Kong, China 1.1 0.3 0.3 9 28 Algeria 2.4 0.3 0.9 56 39

Taipei, Chinese 0.9 0.3 0.3 23 7 Malaysia 2.0 0.7 0.7 27 24

Brazil 0.7 0.3 0.2 30 15 Brazil 1.8 0.4 0.7 17 26

India 0.7 0.1 0.2 27 24 Thailand 1.6 0.5 0.6 18 16

Indonesia 0.5 0.2 0.2 3 60 Australia 1.4 0.4 0.5 6 17

Switzerland 0.5 0.1 0.2 6 41 Switzerland 1.3 0.4 0.5 6 25

Singapore 0.5 0.1 0.1 -14 49 India 1.2 0.3 0.4 21 19

Saudi Arabia 0.5 0.1 0.1 48 36 Russian Federation 1.1 0.2 0.4 139 85

Thailand 0.4 0.1 0.1 -3 21 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1.0 0.4 0.4 -35 98

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 0.4 0.2 0.1 -37 77 Chile 1.0 0.2 0.4 48 59

New Zealand 0.4 0.0 0.1 128 14 Saudi Arabia 0.9 0.3 0.3 38 44

Malaysia 0.3 0.1 0.1 10 -1 Iraq 0.8 0.2 0.3 16 5

Philippines 0.3 0.1 0.1 37 19 Singapore 0.8 0.4 0.3 18 1

United Arab Emirates 0.3 0.1 0.1 41 31 Philippines 0.7 0.4 0.3 -2 5

Russian Federation 0.3 0.0 0.1 57 34 Indonesia 0.7 0.2 0.3 8 8

Colombia 0.3 0.1 0.1 0 38 Hong Kong, China 0.6 0.4 0.2 -3 -10

Israel 0.3 0.1 0.1 -29 67 Israel 0.5 0.2 0.2 10 21

South Africa 0.3 0.1 0.1 40 26 South Africa 0.5 0.1 0.2 14 39

Turkey 0.3 0.1 0.1 14 44 Turkey 0.5 0.1 0.2 31 41

Chile 0.3 0.1 0.1 28 19 Cuba 0.5 0.1 0.2 28 71

Pakistan 0.3 0.0 0.1 294 25 New Zealand 0.4 0.0 0.2 9 7

Cuba 0.2 0.1 0.1 9 28 Bangladesh 0.4 0.0 0.1 139 50

Above 30 313.0 99.1 98.9 - - Above 30 265.5 94.7 97.1 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

Destination

Table III.16

Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2004

Exports Imports

Destination Origin

2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 818.8 100.0 100.0 5 13 World 1525.5 100.0 100.0 9 17

North America 300.6 37.0 36.7 3 12 Asia 559.0 37.8 36.6 7 16

Asia 216.7 27.6 26.5 7 7 North America 417.7 29.4 27.4 5 14

Europe 188.8 23.6 23.1 5 12 Europe 317.5 20.3 20.8 9 13

South and Central America 60.7 7.5 7.4 1 18 South and Central America 105.2 6.2 6.9 14 26

Middle East 23.6 2.4 2.9 2 21 Middle East 54.2 3.2 3.6 23 23

Africa 13.5 1.4 1.6 0 26 Africa 48.3 2.3 3.2 46 43

CIS 4.8 0.4 0.6 -4 31 CIS 14.9 0.8 1.0 24 43

Economy Economy

Canada 189.1 22.6 23.1 5 12 European Union (25) 290.9 18.6 19.1 9 12

European Union (25) 173.0 21.5 21.1 5 12 Canada 259.7 18.5 17.0 6 14

Mexico 110.8 14.3 13.5 0 14 China 210.5 8.5 13.8 22 29

Japan 54.4 8.3 6.6 1 4 Mexico 157.8 10.9 10.3 3 13

China 34.7 2.1 4.2 29 22 Japan 133.3 12.0 8.7 -3 10

Above 5 562.0 68.8 68.6 5 12 Above 5 1052.3 68.5 69.0 8 15

Taipei, Chinese 21.7 3.1 2.7 -5 24 Taipei, Chinese 36.2 3.4 2.4 -1 10

Singapore 19.6 2.3 2.4 2 18 Malaysia 29.1 2.1 1.9 6 11

Hong Kong, China 15.8 1.9 1.9 7 17 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 26.3 1.6 1.7 14 46

Australia 14.3 1.6 1.7 0 9 Brazil 22.7 1.2 1.5 13 20

Brazil 13.9 2.0 1.7 -10 24 Saudi Arabia 22.5 1.2 1.5 41 15

Malaysia 10.9 1.4 1.3 6 0 Thailand 18.6 1.4 1.2 3 16

Switzerland 9.3 1.3 1.1 11 7 Nigeria 17.1 0.9 1.1 76 56

Israel 9.2 1.0 1.1 -2 34 India 16.4 0.9 1.1 10 20

Philippines 7.1 1.1 0.9 10 -12 Singapore 15.6 1.6 1.0 3 1

Thailand 6.4 0.8 0.8 20 9 Israel 14.8 1.0 1.0 3 14

India 6.1 0.5 0.7 22 22 Russian Federation 12.6 0.6 0.8 27 38

Saudi Arabia 5.2 0.8 0.6 -4 14 Switzerland 12.1 0.8 0.8 13 9

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 4.8 0.7 0.6 -36 68 Indonesia 11.7 0.9 0.8 -1 14

Colombia 4.5 0.5 0.6 5 20 Hong Kong, China 9.8 1.0 0.6 -5 5

Dominican Republic 4.3 0.6 0.5 -1 3 Philippines 9.6 1.1 0.6 -8 -9

United Arab Emirates 4.1 0.3 0.5 -2 16 Iraq 9.2 0.5 0.6 29 87

Chile 3.6 0.4 0.4 4 33 Algeria 7.9 0.2 0.5 100 55

Argentina 3.4 0.6 0.4 53 39 Australia 7.9 0.5 0.5 -1 17

Turkey 3.4 0.5 0.4 -7 16 Colombia 7.8 0.6 0.5 14 14

Costa Rica 3.3 0.3 0.4 9 -3 Norway 6.9 0.5 0.4 -10 25

South Africa 3.2 0.4 0.4 12 12 Trinidad and Tabago 6.3 0.2 0.4 77 33

Egypt 3.1 0.4 0.4 -7 17 South Africa 6.2 0.3 0.4 15 28

Honduras 3.1 0.3 0.4 11 8 Viet Nam 5.7 0.1 0.4 90 17

Russian Federation 3.0 0.3 0.4 2 21 Chile 5.4 0.3 0.4 -1 25

Above 30 771.5 95.4 94.2 - - Above 30 1438.4 94.7 94.3 - -

Annual Annual percentage

change percentage

change

Table III.17

Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-04

Destination United All otherOrigin States Canada Mexico NAFTA (3) countries World

United States 1990 - 83.0 28.3 111.3 282.3 393.6

2000 - 176.4 111.7 288.1 493.8 781.9

2002 - 160.8 97.5 258.3 434.8 693.1

2003 - 169.5 97.5 266.9 457.9 724.8

2004 - 189.1 110.8 299.9 518.9 818.8

Canada 1990 95.2 - 0.5 95.7 31.9 127.6

2000 241.6 - 1.4 243.0 33.7 276.6

2002 220.1 - 1.5 221.6 30.8 252.4

2003 233.4 - 1.6 235.0 37.8 272.7

2004 267.9 - 2.3 270.1 46.4 316.5

Mexico 1990 32.3 0.2 - 32.5 8.2 40.7

2000 147.2 3.3 - 150.5 15.9 166.4

2002 143.2 2.8 - 146.0 14.7 160.7

2003 147.0 2.8 - 149.9 15.5 165.4

2004 167.6 2.8 - 170.4 18.7 189.1

NAFTA (3) 1990 127.5 83.2 28.8 239.5 322.4 561.9

2000 388.8 179.7 113.1 681.6 543.4 1224.9

2002 363.2 163.6 99.1 625.9 480.3 1106.2

2003 380.4 172.3 99.0 651.7 511.2 1162.9

2004 435.5 191.9 113.1 740.4 584.0 1324.4

United States 2000 - 14.4 9.1 23.5 40.3 63.8

2004 - 14.3 8.4 22.6 39.2 61.8

Canada 2000 19.7 - 0.1 19.8 2.7 22.6

2004 20.2 - 0.2 20.4 3.5 23.9

Mexico 2000 12.0 0.3 - 12.3 1.3 13.6

2004 12.7 0.2 - 12.9 1.4 14.3

NAFTA (3) 2000 31.7 14.7 9.2 55.6 44.4 100.0

2004 32.9 14.5 8.5 55.9 44.1 100.0

United States 2000-04 - 2 0 1 1 1

2003 - 5 0 3 5 5

2004 - 12 14 12 13 13

Canada 2000-04 3 - 14 3 8 3

2003 6 - 2 6 23 8

2004 15 - 45 15 23 16

Mexico 2000-04 3 -4 - 3 4 3

2003 3 1 - 3 6 3

2004 14 -1 - 14 20 14

NAFTA (3) 2000-04 3 2 0 2 2 2

2003 5 5 0 4 6 5

2004 14 11 14 14 14 14

Table III.18

Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 46.8 100.0 100.0 55.9 100.0 100.0

Transportation 9.1 19.2 19.5 12.1 21.5 21.7

Sea transport 2.4 4.0 5.1 4.9 8.0 8.8

Air transport 4.0 8.9 8.6 5.3 9.2 9.5

Other transport 2.7 6.3 5.8 1.9 4.2 3.4

Travel 12.7 27.4 27.2 15.9 28.5 28.4

Other commercial services 24.9 53.4 53.3 27.8 50.0 49.8

Communications services 1.8 3.5 3.8 1.7 3.2 3.0

Construction services 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Insurance services 3.6 4.9 7.6 5.1 6.5 9.1

Financial services 1.2 2.2 2.5 1.9 3.5 3.4

Computer and information services 2.3 6.2 4.8 1.2 2.1 2.2

Royalties and license fees 2.6 5.8 5.5 5.2 8.6 9.2

Other business services 11.5 26.5 24.6 10.7 22.1 19.1

Personal, cultural, and recreational services 2.0 3.7 4.2 2.0 3.8 3.7

Table III.19

Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 56.0 18.1 17.6 77.5 31.4 29.8

Sea transport 5.8 1.7 1.8 31.5 9.9 12.1

Air transport 25.9 9.3 8.1 28.4 13.6 10.9

Other transport 24.3 7.1 7.6 17.5 7.9 6.7

Travel 95.5 35.2 30.0 67.8 32.1 26.1

Communications services a 6.1 1.5 1.9 5.3 2.8 2.1

Construction services a 3.7 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.5

Insurance services a 5.3 1.3 1.7 30.0 5.4 11.5

Financial services a 19.5 5.6 6.1 4.9 2.2 1.9

Computer and information services a 5.4 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.0 0.6

a Excludes transactions between affiliates, which are recorded under "Other business services".

on3. South and Central America

Chart III.7

Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 1994-04(Billion dollars)

Imports

Exports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Chart III.8

Share of South and Central America in world merchandise trade, 1994-04(Percentage based on value data)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Table III.20

Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 2004

Exports Imports

Share in world merchandise trade

Value1980-851985-901990-951995-002000-04

200220032004

Volume1980-851985-901990-951995-002000-04

200220032004

276 237

3.1 2.6

-2 -85 67 165 49 40 -13

13 530 27

3.5 -7.53.5 3.06.0 13.55.5 5.56.5 1.52.0 -11.56.0 1.5

13.0 17.5

Table III.21

Merchandise trade of South and Central America by region and by major product group, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Exports Imports

Total 276 100.0 100.0

Region

93 33.7 29.5

64 23.1 26.4

59 21.4 21.0

3 1.3 2.6

7 2.5 2.8

5 1.9 1.5

39 14.2 16.3

Product group

80 28.9 9.4

91 33.0 18.0

100 36.3 70.0

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

Manufactures

Table III.22

Merchandise exports of South and Central America by product, 2004

Share in exports of Share inValue South & Central America world exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

276.3 100.0 100.0 3.1 3.1 9 0 13 30

79.9 27.1 28.9 9.5 10.2 11 1 18 20

70.5 23.5 25.5 10.6 11.2 12 1 18 20

6.0 2.4 2.2 8.9 8.6 6 -5 15 10

64.5 21.0 23.3 10.8 11.6 12 2 19 21

9.5 3.6 3.4 5.8 6.1 8 -2 15 22

91.2 34.3 33.0 7.6 7.1 8 -4 14 41

19.3 5.4 7.0 15.5 16.7 17 -1 20 64

55.9 23.8 20.2 6.8 5.6 5 -6 14 29

16.0 5.1 5.8 7.8 9.3 13 1 8 66

100.2 36.8 36.3 1.5 1.5 9 -1 12 29

12.3 3.4 4.4 4.6 4.6 17 20 17 43

16.5 5.7 6.0 1.9 1.7 10 0 14 28

1.8 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.7 8 -2 4 19

14.7 5.0 5.3 2.1 2.0 11 0 16 29

14.9 5.2 5.4 2.3 2.4 10 1 12 26

32.9 12.3 11.9 0.9 0.9 8 -7 12 36

4.0 2.2 1.4 0.4 0.3 -2 -1 10 4

1.9 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 -3 -4 38 13

1.7 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0 -1 -6 -3

0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 12 1 -2

18.6 6.8 6.7 1.6 1.5 9 -10 8 47

11.5 4.0 4.1 1.3 1.4 10 -6 16 31

7.1 2.8 2.6 2.1 2.0 7 -16 -8 84

10.4 3.4 3.7 0.8 0.9 12 -6 20 34

2.4 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.2 4 -9 17 18

12.8 5.6 4.6 5.5 4.9 4 4 4 15

8.5 3.5 3.1 1.2 1.1 6 -6 9 18

3.9 1.6 1.4 2.6 2.3 6 -6 9 21

1.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8 8 2 11 7

3.1 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 5 -9 8 20

Other food products

Raw materials

Non-ferrous metals

Manufactures

Iron and steel

Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals

Other chemicals

Integrated circuits

Transport equipment

Automotive products

Other machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufactures

onTable III.23

Merchandise exports of South and Central America by destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

276.3 100.0 100.0 9 0 13 30

93.2 38.6 33.7 6 3 5 27

63.9 26.1 23.1 6 -14 15 31

59.2 19.9 21.4 11 2 18 28

54.8 18.4 19.8 11 1 18 29

39.1 9.8 14.2 20 10 32 37

14.0 1.8 5.1 41 19 73 38

8.3 3.4 3.0 6 -7 12 40

16.8 4.5 6.1 18 15 19 36

7.0 1.4 2.5 26 12 21 44

3.5 0.6 1.3 31 4 23 23

5.2 1.4 1.9 17 9 5 26

207.2 71.8 75.0 10 4 13 30

North America

Intra-South and Central America

Europe

European Union (25)

Africa

Middle East

Inter-regional trade

Table III.24

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in South and Central America, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

South and Central America 276.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 0 13 30Brazil 96.5 22.0 29.6 28.4 34.9 15 4 21 32Argentina 34.5 8.7 11.7 13.6 12.5 7 -3 15 17Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 34.2 21.0 16.5 16.4 12.4 2 2 -7 43Chile 32.0 5.1 7.9 9.9 11.6 14 -1 18 49Colombia 16.2 4.3 6.4 6.7 5.9 6 -3 6 28Peru 12.5 4.3 3.0 3.6 4.5 16 10 16 40Ecuador 7.6 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.8 12 8 20 26Trinidad and Tobago 6.3 4.4 1.8 2.2 2.3 10 -9 33 23Costa Rica 6.3 1.1 1.4 3.0 2.3 2 5 16 3Dominican Republic 5.8 1.3 2.0 3.0 2.1 0 -2 6 5El Salvador 3.3 1.1 0.5 1.5 1.2 3 5 4 5Uruguay 3.0 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.1 6 -10 18 34Guatemala 2.9 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.1 2 -9 12 18Cuba 2.2 6.1 4.8 0.9 0.8 7 -16 18 33Bolivia 2.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.8 15 1 21 35

Importers

South and Central America 237.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 -13 5 27Brazil 65.9 24.6 26.2 28.5 27.8 3 -15 2 30Chile 24.9 5.7 9.0 9.0 10.5 8 -2 13 28Argentina 22.3 10.4 4.7 12.2 9.4 -3 -56 54 61Colombia 16.7 4.7 6.5 5.6 7.1 10 -1 9 21Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 15.0 11.7 8.5 7.9 6.3 -2 -29 -29 62Peru 10.1 2.5 3.1 3.6 4.3 8 2 12 20Costa Rica 8.3 1.5 2.3 3.1 3.5 7 9 7 8Ecuador 7.9 2.2 2.2 1.8 3.3 21 20 2 20Dominican Republic 7.8 1.9 3.5 4.6 3.3 -5 1 -14 3Guatemala 7.8 1.6 1.9 2.3 3.3 13 8 7 20El Salvador 6.3 1.0 1.5 2.4 2.6 6 3 11 9Cuba 5.3 6.4 5.4 2.4 2.2 2 -14 11 14Trinidad and Tobago 4.9 3.1 1.3 1.6 2.1 10 2 7 26Honduras 3.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.7 8 1 10 20Jamaica 3.8 1.1 2.2 1.6 1.6 3 5 3 4

Memorandum items:

Exports 72.7 33.2 29.4 29.9 26.3 6 2 3 37

Imports 51.5 21.8 21.1 19.8 21.7 6 -9 -4 30

MERCOSUR (4)

Exports 135.5 32.2 43.8 43.6 49.0 13 1 19 28

Imports 94.0 37.3 34.1 43.5 39.6 1 -26 10 37

onTable III.25

Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Destination MERCOSUR (4) All other regions World

South and Origin Total Central America Other regions

Argentina 1990 1833 10520 516 10004 12353

2000 8402 17939 3936 14003 26341

2003 5640 23926 5044 18882 29566

2004 6576 27877 4589 23288 34453

Brazil 1990 1320 30094 1893 28201 31414

2000 7762 47324 4402 42922 55086

2003 5672 67412 6418 60994 73084

2004 8908 87567 9819 77748 96475

Paraguay 1990 379 580 122 458 959

2000 553 316 120 196 869

2003 734 508 191 317 1242

2004 865 761 310 451 1626

Uruguay 1990 595 1098 27 1071 1693

2000 1024 1271 136 1135 2295

2003 673 1525 135 1390 2198

2004 764 2186 183 2003 2950

MERCOSUR (4) 1990 4127 42292 2558 39734 46419

2000 17741 66850 8594 58256 84591

2003 12719 93371 11788 81583 106090

2004 17113 118391 14901 103490 135504

Argentina 2000 9.9 21.2 4.7 16.6 31.1

2004 4.9 20.6 3.4 17.2 25.4

Brazil 2000 9.2 55.9 5.2 50.7 65.1

2004 6.6 64.6 7.2 57.4 71.2

Paraguay 2000 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.0

2004 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.3 1.2

Uruguay 2000 1.2 1.5 0.2 1.3 2.7

2004 0.6 1.6 0.1 1.5 2.2

MERCOSUR (4) 2000 21.0 79.0 10.2 68.9 100.0

2004 12.6 87.4 11.0 76.4 100.0

Argentina 2000-04 -6 12 4 14 7

2003 -1 20 13 22 15

2004 17 17 -9 23 17

Brazil 2000-04 4 17 22 16 15

2003 71 18 10 19 21

2004 57 30 53 27 32

Paraguay 2000-04 12 25 27 23 17

2003 33 28 6 46 31

2004 18 50 62 42 31

Uruguay 2000-04 -7 15 8 15 6

2003 11 22 22 22 18

2004 14 43 36 44 34

MERCOSUR (4) 2000-04 -1 15 15 15 13

2003 25 19 11 20 19

2004 35 27 26 27 28

Table III.26

Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04

Origin MERCOSUR (4) All other regions World

Destination Total South and Other regionsCentral America

Argentina 1990 833 3243 399 2844 4076

2000 6881 18273 816 17457 25154

2003 5158 8676 422 8254 13834

2004 8169 14151 443 13708 22320

Brazil 1990 2441 20083 1349 18734 22524

2000 8182 50449 3513 46936 58631

2003 5988 44718 2403 42315 50706

2004 6741 59180 3577 55603 65921

Paraguay 1990 404 948 58 890 1352

2000 1132 1061 76 985 2193

2003 1172 693 41 652 1865

2004 1635 1017 51 966 2652

Uruguay 1990 560 783 87 696 1343

2000 1518 1948 237 1711 3466

2003 1042 1148 59 1089 2190

2004 1384 1730 76 1654 3114

MERCOSUR (4) 1990 4238 25057 1893 23164 29295

2000 17713 71731 4642 67089 89444

2003 13360 55235 2925 52310 68595

2004 17929 76078 4147 71931 94007

Argentina 2000 7.7 20.4 0.9 19.5 28.1

2004 8.7 15.1 0.5 14.6 23.7

Brazil 2000 9.1 56.4 3.9 52.5 65.6

2004 7.2 63.0 3.8 59.1 70.1

Paraguay 2000 1.3 1.2 0.1 1.1 2.5

2004 1.7 1.1 0.1 1.0 2.8

Uruguay 2000 1.7 2.2 0.3 1.9 3.9

2004 1.5 1.8 0.1 1.8 3.3

MERCOSUR (4) 2000 19.8 80.2 5.2 75.0 100.0

2004 19.1 80.9 4.4 76.5 100.0

Argentina 2000-04 4 -6 -14 -6 -3

2003 78 42 60 42 54

2004 58 63 5 66 61

Brazil 2000-04 -5 4 0 4 3

2003 1 2 1 2 2

2004 13 32 49 31 30

Paraguay 2000-04 10 -1 -9 0 5

2003 28 -8 -39 -5 12

2004 40 47 24 48 42

Uruguay 2000-04 -2 -3 -25 -1 -3

2003 10 13 -40 18 12

2004 33 51 29 52 42

MERCOSUR (4) 2000-04 0 1 -3 2 1

2003 25 7 4 7 10

2004 34 38 42 38 37

onTable III.27

Merchandise exports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04

Destination Andean Community (5) All other regions World

Total South and Other regionsOriginCentral America

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1990 489 17008 2098 14910 174972000 1588 30214 6241 23973 318022003 1048 22942 6537 16405 239902004 1240 32970 10062 22908 34210

Bolivia 1990 60 866 356 510 9262000 311 919 326 593 12302003 426 1147 604 543 15732004 508 1621 922 699 2129

Colombia 1990 373 6393 761 5632 67662000 2171 10869 1468 9401 130402003 1905 10766 1501 9265 126712004 3237 12987 1940 11047 16224

Ecuador 1990 189 2525 576 1949 27142000 662 4265 813 3452 49272003 1055 4984 675 4309 60392004 1009 6625 1586 5039 7634

Peru 1990 214 3016 243 2773 32302000 447 6581 674 5907 70282003 549 8437 934 7503 89862004 795 11752 1390 10362 12547

Andean Community (5) 1990 1325 29808 4034 25774 311332000 5179 52848 9522 43326 580272003 4983 48276 10251 38025 532592004 6789 65955 15900 50055 72744

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 2000 2.7 52.1 10.8 41.3 54.82004 1.7 45.3 13.8 31.5 47.0

Bolivia 2000 0.5 1.6 0.6 1.0 2.12004 0.7 2.2 1.3 1.0 2.9

Colombia 2000 3.7 18.7 2.5 16.2 22.52004 4.4 17.9 2.7 15.2 22.3

Ecuador 2000 1.1 7.4 1.4 5.9 8.52004 1.4 9.1 2.2 6.9 10.5

Peru 2000 0.8 11.3 1.2 10.2 12.12004 1.1 16.2 1.9 14.2 17.2

Andean Community (5) 2000 8.9 91.1 16.4 74.7 100.02004 9.3 90.7 21.9 68.8 100.0

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 2000-04 -6 2 13 -1 22003 -27 -6 47 -18 -72004 18 44 54 40 43

Bolivia 2000-04 13 15 30 4 152003 9 26 49 8 212004 19 41 53 29 35

Colombia 2000-04 11 5 7 4 62003 -18 12 20 11 62004 70 21 29 19 28

Ecuador 2000-04 11 12 18 10 122003 31 18 21 17 202004 -4 33 135 17 26

Peru 2000-04 15 16 20 15 162003 11 17 42 14 162004 45 39 49 38 40

Andean Community (5) 2000-04 ... 6 14 4 62003 ... 4 40 -3 32004 ... 37 55 32 37

Table III.28

Merchandise imports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04

Origin Andean Community (5) All other regions World

Total South and Other regionsDestinationCentral America

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela a 1990 213 6388 598 5790 66012000 1391 13193 1961 11232 145842003 998 7360 1226 6134 83582004 2013 12684 2435 10249 14697

Bolivia 1990 30 657 294 363 6872000 157 1673 718 955 18302003 169 1461 775 686 16302004 208 1634 992 642 1842

Colombia 1990 474 5116 614 4502 55902000 1613 9926 1039 8887 115392003 1529 12363 1535 10828 138922004 1852 14894 2068 12826 16746

Ecuador 1990 119 1742 249 1493 18612000 840 2881 564 2317 37212003 1482 5053 1120 3933 65352004 1904 5957 1218 4739 7861

Peru 1990 515 2119 341 1778 26342000 1398 6017 1215 4802 74152003 1529 6885 1691 5194 84142004 2266 7835 1896 5939 10101

Andean Community (5) 1990 1351 16022 2096 13926 173732000 5399 33690 5497 28193 390892003 5707 33122 6347 26775 388292004 8243 43004 8609 34395 51247

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela a 2000 3.6 33.8 5.0 28.7 37.32004 3.9 24.8 4.8 20.0 28.7

Bolivia 2000 0.4 4.3 1.8 2.4 4.72004 0.4 3.2 1.9 1.3 3.6

Colombia 2000 4.1 25.4 2.7 22.7 29.52004 3.6 29.1 4.0 25.0 32.7

Ecuador 2000 2.1 7.4 1.4 5.9 9.52004 3.7 11.6 2.4 9.2 15.3

Peru 2000 3.6 15.4 3.1 12.3 19.02004 4.4 15.3 3.7 11.6 19.7

Andean Community (5) 2000 13.8 86.2 14.1 72.1 100.02004 16.1 83.9 16.8 67.1 100.0

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela a 2000-04 10 -1 6 -2 02003 -22 -29 -34 -28 -282004 102 72 99 67 76

Bolivia 2000-04 7 -1 8 -9 02003 7 -9 -9 -10 -82004 23 12 28 -6 13

Colombia 2000-04 4 11 19 10 102003 5 10 14 9 92004 21 20 35 18 21

Ecuador 2000-04 23 20 21 20 212003 5 1 -8 3 22004 28 18 9 20 20

Peru 2000-04 13 7 12 5 82003 28 9 4 11 122004 48 14 12 14 20

Andean Community (5) 2000-04 ... 6 12 5 72003 ... -4 -8 -3 -32004 ... 30 36 28 32

Table III.29

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in South and Central America, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Brazil 11.5 19.0 20.5 6 1 9 20

Chile 5.9 8.5 10.5 10 6 13 21

Argentina 4.9 9.9 8.7 1 -29 27 22

Cuba a 3.7 6.6 6.5 ... -4 13 ...

Dominican Republic 3.4 6.7 6.1 2 -1 13 2

Panama 2.7 4.2 4.8 8 14 12 7

Costa Rica 2.2 4.1 3.9 4 -2 8 10

Jamaica 2.2 4.2 3.9 2 1 11 4

Colombia 2.1 4.2 3.7 1 -15 2 13

Bahamas 2.1 4.3 3.7 1 7 0 5

Netherlands Antilles 1.8 3.4 3.2 3 -2 5 9

Peru 1.7 3.2 3.1 4 2 9 11

Barbados a 1.3 2.2 2.3 ... -3 12 ...

Aruba 1.2 2.1 2.2 5 0 4 19

Guatemala 1.1 1.5 1.9 11 11 -9 11

Importers

Brazil 16.1 28.5 27.9 1 -15 6 12

Argentina 6.4 16.2 11.2 -8 -44 15 22

Chile 6.4 8.5 11.1 8 2 10 18

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 4.3 7.8 7.4 0 -15 -15 31

Colombia 3.8 5.9 6.6 4 -9 1 16

Peru 2.7 4.1 4.6 5 6 3 8

Ecuador 1.7 2.2 2.9 8 14 -3 8

Jamaica 1.6 2.5 2.8 4 5 -2 5

Panama 1.4 2.0 2.4 6 19 -1 11

Costa Rica 1.3 2.3 2.2 0 1 1 7

Guatemala 1.2 1.4 2.2 12 14 7 15

Dominican Republic 1.2 2.5 2.0 -4 2 -7 -2

Bahamas 1.1 1.7 2.0 5 2 9 15

El Salvador 1.1 1.7 1.8 4 7 1 4

Netherlands Antilles 0.8 1.3 1.4 3 0 5 4

a Secretariat estimates.

4. Europe

Chart III.9

Merchandise trade of Europe, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Exports

Imports

Chart III.10

Share of Europe in world merchandise trade, 1994-04

(Percentage based on value data)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Table III.30

Merchandise trade of Europe, 2004

Exports Imports

Share in world merchandise trade

Value1995-00

2000-04

Volume1995-00

2000-04

4031 4140

45.3 44.8

6.0 6.5

3.0 2.5

2.0 0.5

2.0 3.0

6.5 6.5

Table III.31

Merchandise trade of Europe by regionand by major product group, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Exports Imports Exports Imports

Total 4031 4140 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 367 243 9.1 5.9

South and Central America 51 73 1.3 1.8

Intra-Europe 2973 2968 73.7 71.7

CIS 88 138 2.2 3.3

Africa 98 111 2.4 2.7

Middle East 105 66 2.6 1.6

Asia 308 500 7.6 12.1

Product group

Agricultural products 368 401 9.1 9.7

Fuels and mining products 303 498 7.5 12.0

Manufactures 3232 3104 80.2 75.0

Table III.32

Merchandise exports of Europe by product, 2004

Share in exports Share inValue of Europe world exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise exports 4031.1 100.0 100.0 42.0 45.3 11 7 19 19

Agricultural products 367.7 9.3 9.1 44.3 47.0 11 9 21 14

Food 308.3 7.7 7.6 46.8 49.2 11 9 21 13

Fish 23.5 0.6 0.6 31.3 33.7 9 7 14 13

Other food products 284.8 7.0 7.1 49.0 51.1 11 9 22 13

Raw materials 59.5 1.6 1.5 35.5 38.1 9 9 20 15

Fuels and mining products 302.9 7.8 7.5 23.6 23.6 10 2 22 26

Ores and other minerals 34.0 0.7 0.8 27.4 29.4 17 8 26 44

Fuels 200.3 5.2 5.0 20.1 20.2 10 3 23 24

Non-ferrous metals 68.6 1.9 1.7 40.2 39.9 8 -1 15 27

Manufactures 3231.7 80.7 80.2 45.3 49.2 11 7 19 18

Iron and steel 131.1 2.7 3.3 50.1 49.3 16 7 26 42

Chemicals 599.1 13.0 14.9 58.5 61.4 15 15 21 19

Pharmaceuticals 199.9 3.1 5.0 75.4 81.0 25 32 24 20

Other chemicals 399.2 9.9 9.9 54.6 54.8 11 8 20 19

Other semi-manufactures 346.6 8.9 8.6 52.4 54.7 10 8 18 17

Machinery and transport equipment 1602.7 41.9 39.8 42.1 46.1 10 4 18 18

Office and telecom equipment 324.4 10.9 8.0 29.8 28.6 3 -3 8 14

EDP and office equipment 131.0 4.4 3.2 31.1 31.2 3 -4 14 11

Telecommunications equipment 132.3 4.3 3.3 39.4 34.5 4 -2 8 17

Integrated circuits 61.1 2.3 1.5 19.4 18.5 1 -3 -3 17

Transport equipment 679.0 15.8 16.8 50.2 56.3 13 9 21 19

Automotive products 481.9 11.0 12.0 29.8 40.0 14 12 22 17

Other transport equipment 197.1 4.8 4.9 31.1 23.3 12 0 19 22

Other machinery 599.3 15.2 14.9 48.2 52.8 11 4 19 18

Textiles 80.7 2.4 2.0 40.3 41.4 7 3 14 11

Clothing 95.8 2.5 2.4 32.7 37.1 10 8 20 11

Other manufactures 375.8 9.4 9.3 45.8 48.9 11 8 19 16

Personal and household goods 84.5 2.2 2.1 49.4 51.1 10 6 19 12

Scientific and controlling instruments 82.7 1.9 2.1 41.8 43.9 13 8 22 19

Miscellaneous manufactures 208.5 5.3 5.2 46.0 50.3 11 9 18 16

Table III.33

Merchandise imports of Europe by product, 2004

Share in imports Share inValue of Europe world imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise imports 4139.9 100.0 100.0 42.5 44.8 11 5 20 20

Agricultural products 401.5 9.7 9.7 45.3 48.0 10 8 22 13

Food 328.6 7.6 7.9 45.4 49.0 12 9 23 13

Fish 30.4 0.8 0.7 38.0 41.1 9 4 19 10

Other food products 298.1 6.9 7.2 46.4 50.0 12 10 23 13

Raw materials 72.9 2.1 1.8 44.9 43.6 6 4 20 12

Fuels and mining products 497.7 12.0 12.0 36.3 36.9 11 0 25 27

Ores and other minerals 55.9 1.3 1.3 46.2 43.0 13 2 23 37

Fuels 361.9 8.5 8.7 33.3 34.7 11 1 27 25

Non-ferrous metals 80.0 2.2 1.9 46.9 45.8 7 -6 16 29

Manufactures 3104.3 75.9 75.0 43.3 45.7 10 6 19 18

Iron and steel 127.0 2.5 3.1 44.2 44.8 17 5 30 45

Chemicals 521.4 10.7 12.6 49.2 51.9 15 14 22 20

Pharmaceuticals 164.1 2.3 4.0 58.7 66.0 26 36 23 19

Other chemicals 357.3 8.4 8.6 47.1 47.3 11 7 22 20

Other semi-manufactures 322.6 8.0 7.8 46.8 47.9 10 6 18 17

Machinery and transport equipment 1545.1 40.1 37.3 41.3 43.6 9 3 18 18

Office and telecom equipment 421.4 13.1 10.2 36.7 36.6 4 -2 10 19

EDP and office equipment 189.7 5.8 4.6 42.1 44.3 4 -2 14 16

Telecommunications equipment 159.0 4.5 3.8 42.3 40.8 6 -1 12 24

Integrated circuits 72.7 2.8 1.8 25.0 21.9 -2 -4 -4 16

Transport equipment 625.3 14.2 15.1 46.4 51.0 12 8 25 18

Automotive products 428.7 9.5 10.4 44.9 49.9 13 11 25 17

Other transport equipment 196.5 4.6 4.7 49.7 53.7 11 2 24 19

Other machinery 498.4 12.9 12.0 41.7 42.7 9 2 19 17

Textiles 80.7 2.2 1.9 38.0 39.1 7 4 15 11

Clothing 130.6 3.2 3.2 42.7 48.3 10 7 19 14

Other manufactures 376.9 9.2 9.1 44.8 46.7 10 6 20 15

Personal and household goods 94.3 2.2 2.3 47.7 52.5 12 8 22 16

Scientific and controlling instruments 73.4 1.8 1.8 41.1 38.3 10 3 20 16

Miscellaneous manufactures 209.3 5.2 5.1 45.1 48.0 10 7 19 14

onTable III.34

Merchandise exports of Europe by destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 4031.1 100.0 100.0 11 7 19 19

Intra-Europe 2972.5 73.2 73.7 11 7 21 19

European Union (25) 2717.7 67.4 67.4 11 7 20 18

Other Europe 254.9 5.9 6.3 13 9 24 25

North America 367.1 10.5 9.1 7 6 10 14

United States 313.7 9.0 7.8 7 7 10 14

Other North America 53.4 1.5 1.3 8 5 11 15

Asia 307.9 7.6 7.6 11 7 19 22

China 62.7 0.9 1.6 26 21 41 29

Japan 58.6 1.7 1.5 6 2 13 16

Six East Asian traders 96.8 3.1 2.4 5 2 12 6

Australia and New Zealand 29.7 0.7 0.7 14 13 25 25

Other Asia 60.1 1.2 1.5 18 9 21 57

Middle East 104.6 2.3 2.6 15 8 22 24

Africa 97.7 2.4 2.4 11 4 20 19

South Africa 20.1 0.4 0.5 16 4 31 29

Other Africa 77.6 2.0 1.9 10 4 18 17

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 88.2 1.3 2.2 28 14 31 36

Russian Federation 59.9 0.8 1.5 29 16 29 36

Other CIS 28.3 0.4 0.7 25 11 35 37

Brazil 18.7 0.6 0.5 4 -10 -4 25

Other South and Central America 32.2 1.1 0.8 2 -8 6 17

Table III.35

Merchandise imports of Europe by origin, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 4139.9 100.0 100.0 11 5 20 20

Intra-Europe 2968.4 69.2 71.7 12 7 21 19

European Union (25) 2735.4 64.1 66.1 11 7 21 19

Other Europe 232.9 5.1 5.6 13 8 23 24

Asia 499.8 11.9 12.1 11 6 25 23

China 169.9 2.6 4.1 24 18 41 34

Japan 99.6 3.3 2.4 2 -4 18 14

Six East Asian traders 121.1 4.4 2.9 0 0 23 -8

Australia and New Zealand 14.9 0.4 0.4 7 1 19 8

Other Asia 94.4 1.2 2.3 29 27 13 101

Other CIS 31.8 0.5 0.8 23 21 22 52

North America 242.9 8.3 5.9 1 -5 5 12

United States 210.3 7.3 5.1 1 -5 4 11

Other North America 32.6 1.0 0.8 5 -8 18 15

Africa 111.1 2.8 2.7 9 -3 23 17

South Africa 21.4 0.5 0.5 11 -1 19 20

Other Africa 89.7 2.3 2.2 8 -3 24 16

South and Central America 72.7 1.7 1.8 12 8 19 24

Brazil 28.5 0.7 0.7 12 -1 25 24

Other South and Central America 44.1 1.0 1.1 12 14 16 24

Middle East 66.2 1.9 1.6 6 -4 19 30

onTable III.36

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Europe, 2004

Value Share Value

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Europe 4031.1 100.0 100.0 11 7 19 19.2

Germany 912.3 21.0 22.6 13 8 22 21.4

France 448.7 12.4 11.1 8 3 18 14.5

Netherlands 358.2 8.9 8.9 11 6 21 21.0

Italy 349.2 9.1 8.7 10 4 18 16.6

United Kingdom 346.9 10.8 8.6 5 3 9 13.5

Belgium 306.5 7.2 7.6 13 14 18 20.0

Spain 178.6 4.4 4.4 12 8 24 14.4

Sweden 122.5 3.3 3.0 9 8 25 20.0

Switzerland 118.5 3.1 2.9 10 7 15 17.7

Austria 117.4 2.6 2.9 15 11 23 20.9

Ireland 104.3 2.9 2.6 8 7 5 12.4

Norway 81.8 2.3 2.0 8 1 13 21.2

Denmark 76.8 1.9 1.9 11 11 16 15.5

Poland 74.9 1.2 1.9 24 14 31 39.2

Czech Republic 68.7 1.1 1.7 24 16 27 41.0

Importers

Europe 4139.9 100.0 100.0 11 5 20 19.7

Germany 716.9 17.9 17.3 10 1 23 18.6

France 465.5 12.2 11.2 8 0 21 16.7

United Kingdom 463.5 12.4 11.2 8 4 13 18.2

Italy 351.0 8.6 8.5 10 5 20 18.0

Netherlands 319.3 7.9 7.7 10 5 21 20.6

Belgium 285.5 6.4 6.9 13 11 18 21.6

Spain 249.3 5.6 6.0 12 7 26 19.5

Austria 117.8 2.6 2.8 13 5 27 18.3

Switzerland 111.6 3.0 2.7 8 -1 15 15.7

Sweden 99.3 2.6 2.4 8 6 25 18.9

Turkey 97.5 2.0 2.4 16 25 35 40.7

Poland 89.2 1.8 2.2 16 10 23 30.6

Czech Republic 69.5 1.2 1.7 21 12 27 34.4

Denmark 68.2 1.6 1.6 11 11 14 18.7

Ireland 60.7 1.8 1.5 4 4 3 12.6

Memorandum items:

European Union (25)

Total exports 3714.2 92.6 92.1 11 7 19 18.9

Extra-EU(25) exports 1203.8 30.1 29.9 11 6 17 20.5

Total imports 3791.0 92.3 91.6 10 5 20 19

Extra-EU (25) imports 1280.5 33.2 30.9 9 1 19 20

Table III.37

Merchandise trade of the European Union (25) by region and economy, 2004

Exports Imports

Destination Annual percentage Origin Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 3714.2 100.0 100.0 19 19 World 3791.0 100.0 100.0 20 19

Europe 2747.5 73.5 74.0 21 19 Europe 2723.5 69.3 71.8 21 19

North America 335.5 10.3 9.0 10 14 Asia 451.0 12.1 11.9 25 18

Asia 274.1 7.5 7.4 20 19 North America 224.9 8.3 5.9 5 11

Middle East 92.0 2.2 2.5 21 22 CIS 112.4 2.3 3.0 28 36

Africa 91.9 2.5 2.5 21 18 Africa 103.1 2.9 2.7 23 15

CIS 80.8 1.2 2.2 31 36 South and Central America 67.5 1.7 1.8 19 24

South and Central America 47.3 1.8 1.3 3 20 Middle East 59.4 1.9 1.6 18 31

Economies Economies

European Union (25) 2510.4 67.5 67.6 20 18 European Union (25) a 2510.4 64.1 66.2 20 19

United States 288.5 8.9 7.8 10 14 United States 195.0 7.3 5.1 4 10

Switzerland 93.2 2.7 2.5 18 16 China 157.8 2.7 4.2 41 33

China 59.2 1.0 1.6 41 29 Japan 91.7 3.3 2.4 18 13

Russian Federation 56.2 0.8 1.5 29 36 Russian Federation 88.1 1.9 2.3 31 33

Above 5 3007.6 80.9 81.0 20 18 Above 5 3043.0 79.3 80.3 20 19

Japan 52.6 1.7 1.4 13 16 Switzerland 77.6 2.2 2.0 15 15

Turkey 46.4 1.1 1.2 38 42 Norway 61.1 1.6 1.6 24 26

Norway 37.6 1.0 1.0 18 23 Turkey 38.4 0.7 1.0 31 32

Canada 27.0 0.8 0.7 13 12 Korea, Republic of 37.6 1.0 1.0 27 29

Australia 24.4 0.6 0.7 24 25 Taipei, Chinese 29.4 1.0 0.8 15 16

Hong Kong, China 23.7 0.8 0.6 9 16 Brazil 26.2 0.7 0.7 25 24

United Arab Emirates 23.0 0.5 0.6 35 25 Singapore 21.2 0.6 0.6 24 26

Romania 22.3 0.4 0.6 35 34 India 20.2 0.5 0.5 23 28

Korea, Republic of 21.8 0.6 0.6 11 20 Canada 20.1 0.7 0.5 16 13

India 20.8 0.5 0.6 29 29 Saudi Arabia 20.0 0.6 0.5 25 36

Singapore 19.8 0.6 0.5 15 24 Malaysia 19.6 0.6 0.5 17 10

South Africa 19.5 0.4 0.5 31 29 South Africa 19.4 0.5 0.5 18 16

Mexico 18.0 0.5 0.5 12 12 Romania 17.5 0.3 0.5 31 26

Brazil 17.3 0.6 0.5 -6 26 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 16.9 0.5 0.4 38 36

Taipei, Chinese 15.7 0.5 0.4 10 28 Thailand 15.9 0.5 0.4 18 19

Israel 15.6 0.6 0.4 7 21 Algeria 14.7 0.5 0.4 20 14

Saudi Arabia 15.5 0.5 0.4 14 2 Indonesia 12.8 0.4 0.3 13 9

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 14.5 0.2 0.4 45 31 Hong Kong, China 12.3 0.4 0.3 17 11

Ukraine 12.9 0.2 0.3 36 30 Australia 10.7 0.3 0.3 20 6

Croatia 12.1 0.2 0.3 29 21 Israel 10.6 0.4 0.3 6 22

Algeria 11.7 0.2 0.3 15 30 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 10.2 0.3 0.3 47 30

Morocco 10.9 0.3 0.3 25 19 Chile 8.9 0.2 0.2 22 60

Malaysia 10.8 0.3 0.3 14 19 Ukraine 8.9 0.2 0.2 15 38

Tunisia 9.4 0.3 0.3 13 15 Mexico 8.5 0.3 0.2 19 15

Egypt 9.1 0.3 0.2 13 32 Tunisia 8.4 0.2 0.2 21 19

Above 30 3519.5 94.7 94.8 - - Above 30 3590.0 94.1 94.7 - -

a The figures are affected by the "INTRASTAT" system of recording between EU member States. Intra-EU imports are underrecorded. To compensate

for this under-recording, intra-EU exports have been used to obtain total (World) imports.

Table III.38

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Europe, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Europe 1125.8 100.0 100.0 12 9 19 17

United Kingdom 171.8 16.3 15.3 10 11 13 18

Germany 133.9 11.0 11.9 14 15 20 15

France 109.5 11.1 9.7 8 4 15 12

Spain 84.5 7.4 7.5 12 7 23 11

Italy 82.0 7.8 7.3 10 4 18 17

Netherlands 73.0 6.7 6.5 11 9 16 16

Belgium 49.3 - 4.4 - - 19 14

Austria 48.3 4.3 4.3 12 6 22 14

Ireland 46.9 2.5 4.2 26 22 33 24

Sweden 37.8 2.8 3.4 17 9 28 25

Switzerland 36.8 3.8 3.3 7 11 14 11

Denmark 36.3 3.3 3.2 11 6 19 15

Greece 33.2 2.7 2.9 15 4 20 37

Luxembourg 33.1 - 2.9 - - 24 34

Norway 25.9 2.4 2.3 11 6 16 21

Importers

Europe 1025.0 100.0 100.0 11 8 19 15

Germany 193.0 20.2 18.8 9 2 19 13

United Kingdom 136.1 14.3 13.3 9 9 13 14

France 96.4 8.9 9.4 13 10 20 18

Italy 80.6 8.1 7.9 10 9 20 10

Netherlands 72.4 7.4 7.1 10 8 15 11

Ireland 58.4 4.6 5.7 17 19 25 12

Spain 53.7 4.6 5.2 15 10 23 18

Belgium 48.3 - 4.7 - - 20 14

Austria 47.1 4.4 4.6 12 11 18 14

Denmark 33.4 3.1 3.3 12 10 16 18

Sweden 33.0 3.5 3.2 9 4 20 15

Norway 24.0 2.1 2.3 14 12 18 21

Luxembourg 22.3 - 2.2 - - 25 35

Switzerland 21.1 2.3 2.1 8 5 12 10

Greece 13.4 1.6 1.3 5 -8 4 25

Memorandum items:

European Union (25)

Exports 1016.5 89.5 90.3 12 9 19 17

Imports 954.0 93.1 93.1 11 8 19 15

Table III.39

Trade in commercial services of France, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 25.6 23.1 23.4 26.2 30.0 27.2

Sea transport 7.0 4.7 6.4 8.5 8.0 8.8

Air transport 11.2 11.4 10.2 11.5 14.3 11.9

Other transport 7.4 6.9 6.7 6.3 7.7 6.5

Travel 40.7 38.6 37.2 28.5 29.9 29.6

Insurance services 1.5 1.6 1.4 2.2 -0.5 2.3

Table III.40

Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 33.2 25.1 24.8 40.4 18.8 20.9

Sea transport 14.9 9.9 11.1 12.2 6.2 6.3

Air transport 12.7 10.5 9.5 10.6 4.9 5.5

Other transport 5.6 4.7 4.2 17.6 7.6 9.1

Travel 27.6 23.4 20.6 71.9 38.9 37.3

Table III.41

Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 13.2 16.6 16.1 19.4 24.1 24.0

Sea transport ... 7.6 ... ... 10.4 ...

Air transport ... 5.2 ... ... 8.0 ...

Other transport ... 3.8 ... ... 5.7 ...

Travel 35.6 49.1 43.4 20.5 28.7 25.4

Table III.42

Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 27.1 16.2 15.7 32.9 25.1 24.2

Sea transport 11.4 5.6 6.6 11.0 7.6 8.1

Air transport 13.2 9.5 7.7 18.6 15.5 13.7

Other transport 2.5 1.1 1.4 3.4 2.0 2.5

Travel 27.3 18.5 15.9 55.8 39.7 41.0

5. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Chart III.11

Merchandise trade of Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 1994-04(Billion dollars)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 0

Chart III.12

Share of Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in world merchandise trade, 1994-04(Percentage based on value data)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Table III.43

Merchandise trade of the CIS, 2004

Exports Imports

Value 266 172

1995-00 5 -3

2000-04 16 21

2002 6 10

2003 27 27

2004 37 30

Volume

1995-00 3.0 0.0

2000-04 9.5 15.0

2002 8.5 8.0

2003 13.0 13.0

2004 13.0 15.0

Table III.44

Merchandise trade of the CIS, by region and by major product group, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Total 266 100.0 100.0

Region

North America 18 6.8 3.0

South and Central America 6 2.4 1.9

Europe 129 48.5 49.2

CIS 55 20.7 30.7

Africa 4 1.5 0.4

Middle East 10 3.7 0.7

Asia 35 13.3 14.1

Product group

Agricultural products 24 9.0 13.7

Fuels and mining products 142 53.5 12.1

Manufactures 88 33.1 73.7

Table III.45

Merchandise exports of the CIS by major product group and main destination, 2004

Exporters 2004 2000 2004 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise

World 265.7 100.0 100.0 -1 6 27 37Europe 128.9 51.5 48.5 -4 8 24 34

Asia 35.4 12.7 13.3 2 13 25 32

North America 18.2 7.0 6.8 -17 6 37 48

Middle East 9.8 2.7 3.7 37 7 24 37

South and Central America 6.3 4.1 2.4 -20 -12 11 36

Africa 4.0 1.3 1.5 8 25 10 42

World 142.2 100.0 100.0 -5 2 27 35Europe 87.4 64.3 61.5 -5 4 24 29

Asia 12.1 7.4 8.5 -15 8 46 42

North America 11.7 7.2 8.2 -23 13 50 45

South and Central America 4.5 5.6 3.1 -22 -14 -1 40

Middle East 2.9 0.8 2.0 101 -12 62 50

Africa 0.9 0.2 0.6 86 -20 4 289

Manufactures

World 87.9 100.0 100.0 8 2 33 39Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 27.8 30.2 31.7 6 0 43 41

Europe 27.5 32.5 31.3 4 3 30 42

Asia 15.8 17.7 18.0 22 13 17 28

North America 5.9 8.3 6.7 -9 -9 23 62

Middle East 4.9 5.4 5.6 24 2 15 44

Africa 2.3 2.9 2.7 18 6 30 15

South and Central America 1.6 2.4 1.8 -6 -8 58 10

World 23.9 100.0 100.0 1 13 25 26Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 7.9 27.6 33.1 6 3 49 32

Asia 6.3 27.9 26.5 -1 12 13 36

Europe 6.2 34.3 25.7 -7 13 14 12

Middle East 1.0 2.2 4.2 56 41 40 14

Africa 0.7 1.6 3.1 45 138 -28 37

North America 0.5 3.1 2.1 -2 18 2 4

South and Central America 0.2 0.5 0.8 -69 140 -73 1292

Table III.46

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the CIS, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 265.7 100.0 100.0 6 27 37

Russian Federation 183.5 72.4 69.0 5 27 35

Ukraine 32.7 10.0 12.3 10 29 42

Kazakhstan 20.1 6.0 7.6 12 34 55

Belarus 13.8 5.0 5.2 8 24 38

Uzbekistan 4.3 1.9 1.6 -7 27 34

Turkmenistan 3.9 1.7 1.5 6 27 7

Azerbaijan 3.6 1.2 1.4 -6 20 39

Moldova 1.0 0.3 0.4 13 23 25

Tajikistan 0.9 0.5 0.3 14 8 15

Kyrgyz Republic 0.7 0.3 0.3 2 20 24

Armenia 0.7 0.2 0.3 48 34 4

Georgia 0.6 0.2 0.2 8 34 40

Importers

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 171.9 100.0 100.0 10 27 30

Russian Federation 96.3 54.8 56.0 13 25 27

Ukraine 29.0 17.1 16.9 8 36 26

Belarus 16.3 10.6 9.5 10 27 41

Kazakhstan 12.8 6.2 7.4 2 28 52

Azerbaijan 3.5 1.4 2.0 16 58 34

Uzbekistan 3.4 3.3 2.0 -14 10 27

Turkmenistan 3.3 2.2 1.9 -6 18 32

Georgia 1.8 0.8 1.1 17 44 62

Moldova 1.8 1.0 1.0 16 35 27

Tajikistan 1.4 0.8 0.8 5 22 56

Armenia 1.3 1.1 0.8 13 28 4

Kyrgyz Republic 0.9 0.7 0.5 26 22 31

Table III.47

Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the CIS, 2004

Exports Imports

All All All Allother other other other

World CIS countries CIS countries World CIS countries CIS countries

CIS 265708 55016 210692 20.7 79.3 CIS 171913 59794 112119 34.8 65.2

Armenia 705 116 589 16.5 83.5 Armenia 1318 301 1017 22.9 77.1

Azerbaijan 3615 614 3001 17.0 83.0 Azerbaijan 3516 1200 2316 34.1 65.9

Belarus 13752 7296 6456 53.1 46.9 Belarus 16346 11806 4540 72.2 27.8

Georgia 649 329 320 50.7 49.3 Georgia 1847 658 1189 35.6 64.4

Kazakhstan 20093 4097 15996 20.4 79.6 Kazakhstan 12781 6118 6663 47.9 52.1

Kyrgyz Republic 719 276 443 38.4 61.6 Kyrgyz Republic 941 582 359 61.8 38.2

Moldova 986 503 483 51.0 49.0 Moldova 1774 768 1006 43.3 56.7

Russian Federation 183452 30203 153249 16.5 83.5 Russian Federation a 96307 19913 76394 20.7 79.3

Tajikistan 915 159 756 17.4 82.6 Tajikistan 1375 958 417 69.7 30.3

Turkmenistan 3870 1615 2255 41.7 58.3 Turkmenistan 3320 1210 2110 36.4 63.6

Ukraine 32672 8559 24113 26.2 73.8 Ukraine 28996 14874 14122 51.3 48.7

Uzbekistan b 4280 1250 3030 29.2 70.8 Uzbekistan b 3392 1405 1987 41.4 58.6

b Secretariat estimates.

Table III.48

Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 2002-04

(Million dollars)

Origin Europe European Union (25) Turkey

Destination 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 49727 64903 87854 45391 59486 81022 2273 2962 3961

Armenia 260 375 411 243 356 402 0 0 0

Azerbaijan 805 1259 2076 524 885 1538 227 315 404

Belarus 2026 2565 3340 1957 2480 3242 20 20 25

Georgia 478 667 899 294 390 612 103 155 200

Kazakhstan 1967 2651 4448 1719 2311 3964 159 234 356

Kyrgyz Republic 129 165 195 100 121 118 24 41 75

Moldova 663 949 1209 487 726 910 39 47 66

Russian Federation 34357 44205 59835 31962 41390 56216 1168 1368 1859

Tajikistan 50 118 127 38 64 80 11 29 42

Turkmenistan 439 555 732 313 375 507 118 170 215

Ukraine 7950 10736 13842 7273 9891 12863 310 445 576

Uzbekistan 601 658 742 479 496 572 93 138 145

Origin China United States Japan

Destination 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Armenia 2 5 12 112 103 91 1 4 1

Azerbaijan 94 203 144 70 121 159 30 72 78

Belarus 16 32 65 19 84 33 8 15 14

Georgia 8 20 23 99 131 226 6 13 10

Kazakhstan 600 1572 2212 605 168 319 92 99 185

Kyrgyz Republic 146 245 493 31 39 30 1 6 4

Moldova 2 7 24 31 25 39 0 1 1

Tajikistan 7 21 54 33 50 56 1 0 0

Turkmenistan 87 79 85 47 34 295 5 26 52

Ukraine 527 929 1443 255 231 398 58 147 257

Uzbekistan 104 147 172 138 257 230 17 44 52

Table III.49

Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 2002-04

(Million dollars)

Destination Europe European Union (25) Turkey

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Armenia 157 192 298 153 178 297 0 0 0

Azerbaijan 1328 1597 1753 1259 1471 1449 63 123 136

Belarus 1548 2347 3473 1453 2229 3294 21 29 42

Georgia 386 605 684 226 290 372 138 274 307

Kazakhstan 4220 4864 8952 3605 4185 7834 202 267 442

Kyrgyz Republic 46 40 51 27 23 32 16 11 13

Moldova 334 503 675 271 396 560 5 11 27

Tajikistan 334 392 386 217 262 233 41 57 63

Turkmenistan 358 500 945 183 323 616 99 124 176

Ukraine 7403 8963 12584 5578 6395 8853 978 1331 2509

Uzbekistan 965 777 950 872 660 753 75 99 179

Destination China United States Japan

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Armenia 7 2 2 32 39 48 3 2 1

Azerbaijan 1 35 40 37 13 46 1 3 1

Belarus 64 97 154 137 237 375 5 8 6

Georgia 4 8 34 19 60 84 5 3 8

Kazakhstan 1355 1720 2286 348 409 568 99 155 246

Kyrgyz Republic 56 69 110 5 12 11 10 17 1

Moldova 4 8 0 42 46 53 0 1 0

Tajikistan 6 18 15 1 8 8 2 7 8

Turkmenistan 1 4 14 63 81 87 1 2 0

Ukraine 706 1246 1045 457 310 935 147 111 133

Uzbekistan 27 200 403 81 88 90 74 92 87

Table III.50

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in the CIS, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Ukraine 6.0 22.0 18.1 12 18 9 21

Kazakhstan 1.8 5.3 5.4 19 25 12 18

Belarus 1.7 5.7 5.2 15 17 12 17

Uzbekistan 0.6 2.6 1.7 6 3 13 7

Importers

Kazakhstan 4.9 7.7 9.9 28 34 6 33

Ukraine 4.7 11.0 9.4 16 -1 27 18

Azerbaijan 2.7 2.0 5.4 54 97 58 33

Belarus 1.0 2.3 2.0 16 8 0 13

on6. Africa

Chart III.13

Merchandise trade of Africa, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Exports

Imports

Chart III.14

Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1994-04

(Percentage based on value data)

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Exports

Imports

Table III.51

Merchandise trade of Africa, 2004

Exports Imports

Value 232 212

Annual percentage change Africa

1980-85 -7 -51985-90 5 61990-95 1 51995-00 6 02000-04 12 13

2002 2 22003 25 222004 32 27

South Africa

1980-85 -9 -101985-90 8 101990-95 3 111995-00 1 -12000-04 11 18

2002 2 42003 23 402004 26 39

Other Africa

1980-85 -7 -41985-90 4 51990-95 0 41995-00 7 12000-04 12 11

2002 2 12003 26 172004 34 23

Table III.52

Merchandise trade of Africa by regionand by major product group, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Total 232 100.0 100.0

Region

Europe 99 42.8 47.7

CIS 1 0.3 2.0

Africa 23 10.0 11.3

Asia 39 16.8 21.9

Product group

Table III.53

Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise a

Europe

North America

Africa

Europe

North America

Africa

Manufactures

Europe

Africa

North America

Europe

Africa

North America

a Includes significant exports of unspecified products.

231.7 100.0 100.0 12 2 25 32

99.1 50.6 42.8 7 -3 20 17

43.2 17.8 18.7 13 -10 48 39

38.9 16.0 16.8 13 8 23 49

23.1 9.4 10.0 14 24 22 22

137.0 100.0 100.0 12 -3 28 44

48.6 46.5 35.5 5 -7 17 19

36.7 25.3 26.8 14 -14 57 45

25.4 17.3 18.6 14 5 27 69

7.9 4.7 5.8 18 25 30 39

58.1 100.0 100.0 12 5 24 20

33.0 58.8 56.8 11 -5 28 19

9.8 16.6 16.9 12 38 17 16

6.6 10.2 11.4 15 21 31 23

5.1 8.8 8.8 12 2 19 17

28.0 100.0 100.0 10 3 19 19

13.8 50.4 49.3 10 6 17 14

5.2 18.3 18.6 11 1 25 13

5.0 18.4 18.0 10 -9 21 33

1.3 4.8 4.8 10 12 13 10

onTable III.54

Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 231.7 100.0 100.0 12 2 25 32

Europe 99.1 50.6 42.8 7 -3 20 17European Union (25) 90.8 47.0 39.2 7 -3 19 16Other Europe 8.3 3.6 3.6 12 7 28 29

North America 43.2 17.8 18.7 13 -10 48 39United States 39.4 16.3 17.0 13 -14 50 42Other North America 3.8 1.4 1.6 16 25 34 14

Asia 38.9 16.0 16.8 13 8 23 49China 13.5 3.1 5.8 31 13 60 87Japan 7.1 2.6 3.1 16 19 15 47Other Asia 18.3 10.3 7.9 5 4 12 30

Intra-Africa 23.1 9.4 10.0 14 24 22 22

South and Central America 6.8 2.6 2.9 15 -19 33 79Brazil 6.1 1.9 2.6 22 -14 28 90Other South and Central America 0.7 0.8 0.3 -11 -42 65 22

Middle East 3.4 2.1 1.4 2 -3 12 15

Table III.55

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Africa 231.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12 2 25 32

South Africa 46.0 21.0 22.2 20.4 19.9 11 2 23 26

Algeria 32.3 11.4 12.2 15.0 13.9 10 -2 31 31

Nigeria 31.1 21.4 12.8 14.3 13.4 10 -12 32 57

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 20.8 18.0 12.5 8.6 9.0 13 -10 49 42

Angola 13.9 1.6 3.7 5.4 6.0 15 27 14 46

Morocco 9.7 2.1 4.0 5.1 4.2 7 10 12 11

Tunisia 9.7 1.8 3.3 4.0 4.2 13 4 17 21

Egypt 7.7 2.5 3.3 3.2 3.3 13 14 31 25

Côte d'Ivoire 6.5 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.8 14 34 11 11

Equatorial Guinea 5.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 2.2 47 21 33 76

Congo 3.9 0.8 0.9 1.7 1.7 12 3 24 48

Sudan 3.8 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.6 20 15 30 49

Gabon 3.5 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.5 8 -4 17 23

Botswana 3.5 0.4 1.7 1.8 1.5 6 -5 30 15

Cameroon 2.7 1.1 1.9 1.2 1.2 10 3 25 20

Importers

Africa 211.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13 2 22 27

South Africa a 57.1 20.1 18.5 22.8 27.0 18 4 40 39

Algeria 18.2 10.8 9.8 7.0 8.6 19 24 9 34

Morocco 17.6 4.3 7.0 8.9 8.3 11 8 20 24

Nigeria 14.2 17.1 5.7 6.7 6.7 13 -35 44 31

Egypt 12.8 5.0 12.5 10.8 6.1 -2 -2 -13 18

Tunisia 12.7 3.6 5.5 6.6 6.0 10 0 15 17

Angola 6.5 1.4 1.6 2.3 3.1 21 18 46 19

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 5.7 7.0 5.4 2.9 2.7 11 0 -2 30

Kenya 4.6 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.2 10 2 15 22

Ghana 4.3 1.2 1.2 2.3 2.0 10 -14 19 33

Sudan 4.1 1.6 0.6 1.2 1.9 27 25 18 41

Côte d'Ivoire 3.8 3.0 2.1 2.1 1.8 8 2 35 14

Botswana 3.3 0.7 2.0 1.6 1.6 13 7 30 34

Ethiopia 3.1 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.5 25 -8 29 44

Mauritius 2.8 0.6 1.6 1.6 1.3 7 9 9 18

a Secretariat estimate.Note: Recent figures for a number of traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

onTable III.56

Merchandise exports of the European Union (25) to Africa by product, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Other food products

Raw materials

Non-ferrous metals

Manufactures

Iron and steel

Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals

Other chemicals

Integrated circuits

Transport equipment

Automotive products

Other machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufactures

Note: The European Union (25) accounted for 45 per cent of Africa's merchandise imports in 2004.

91.9 100.0 100.0 11 4 21 18

9.7 12.2 10.6 7 6 13 9

8.3 10.5 9.0 7 6 12 8

0.6 0.5 0.6 14 7 24 8

7.7 10.0 8.4 6 6 12 8

1.4 1.7 1.6 9 9 19 19

5.1 5.3 5.6 13 6 25 45

0.4 0.4 0.5 13 2 23 35

4.0 4.0 4.3 13 6 29 52

0.7 0.9 0.8 10 5 14 22

76.4 81.5 83.2 12 4 22 18

2.7 2.2 2.9 19 11 19 27

11.4 11.8 12.4 13 8 18 19

3.9 3.9 4.3 14 10 18 18

7.5 8.0 8.1 12 8 17 20

7.6 7.6 8.3 14 4 25 19

42.9 46.4 46.7 11 1 25 19

7.6 9.1 8.2 8 -2 20 27

2.7 3.0 2.9 10 3 13 23

4.2 5.2 4.5 8 -3 23 30

0.7 1.0 0.8 6 -11 37 27

15.3 17.6 16.7 10 -7 31 13

9.9 8.6 10.8 17 6 21 21

5.5 9.0 5.9 0 -24 50 2

20.0 19.7 21.8 14 8 23 20

4.1 5.3 4.5 7 2 12 7

1.1 1.6 1.2 4 8 8 -1

6.5 6.5 7.0 13 11 13 22

0.9 1.0 1.0 10 11 5 14

2.2 1.9 2.4 17 12 16 29

3.4 3.6 3.7 12 11 13 19

Table III.57

Merchandise imports of the European Union (25) from Africa by product, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Raw materials

Non-ferrous metals

Manufactures

Clothing

Note: The European Union (25) accounted for 40 per cent of Africa's merchandise exports in 2004.

103.1 100.0 100.0 9 -3 23 15

16.7 15.4 16.2 10 8 21 8

13.4 11.7 13.0 11 11 23 7

3.1 2.9 3.0 10 11 14 4

3.3 3.7 3.2 5 -2 13 13

50.7 51.8 49.2 7 -5 23 21

45.1 46.0 43.7 7 -5 25 20

3.0 3.1 2.9 6 -6 5 29

2.7 2.6 2.6 8 -10 9 37

33.1 29.7 32.1 11 -7 28 15

7.9 7.7 7.7 8 -23 40 19

7.7 7.9 7.5 7 2 13 7

7. Middle East

Chart III.15

Merchandise trade of Middle East, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Chart III.16

Share of Middle East in world merchandise trade, 1994-04(Percentage based on value data)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Table III.58

Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2004

Exports Imports

Value 390 252

1980-85 -14 -3

1985-90 6 3

1990-95 2 5

1995-00 12 4

2000-04 10 12

2002 6 4

2003 20 13

2004 29 27

Table III.59

Merchandise trade of the Middle East by regionand by major product group, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Total 390 100.0 100.0

Region

Europe 64 16.4 42.7

CIS 1 0.3 4.0

Africa 13 3.4 1.4

Asia 193 49.5 30.7

Product group

Table III.60

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise

World 389.7 100.0 100.0 10 5 20 29

Asia 193.0 51.5 49.5 9 -4 28 28

Europe 64.0 18.9 16.4 6 -4 19 30

North America 55.1 15.6 14.1 7 -7 23 22Intra-Middle East 21.5 5.6 5.5 10 27 7 ...

World 290.9 100.0 100.0 9 0 24 32

Asia 170.9 61.3 58.7 8 -6 29 27

Europe 40.3 16.5 13.9 4 -6 21 31

North America 36.3 12.2 12.5 10 -12 33 29

Manufactures

World 86.1 100.0 100.0 13 21 11 22

Europe 20.7 27.2 24.0 9 -1 16 29

Asia 20.0 19.2 23.2 18 11 24 34

North America 17.2 28.9 19.9 3 2 7 10Intra-Middle East 14.1 14.6 16.4 16 49 10 ...

World 9.3 100.0 100.0 11 28 2 11

Table III.61

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 389.7 100.0 100.0 10 5 20 29

Asia 193.0 51.5 49.5 9 -4 28 28

Japan 61.1 17.8 15.7 6 -8 26 23

China 21.0 3.6 5.4 21 3 52 50

Other Asia 110.9 30.0 28.5 8 -3 26 27

Europe 64.0 18.9 16.4 6 -4 19 30

European Union (25) 57.6 17.4 14.8 6 -5 18 31

North America 55.1 15.6 14.1 7 -7 23 22

Middle East 21.5 5.6 5.5 10 27 7 ...

Africa 13.3 3.9 3.4 6 -11 16 27

South and Central America 3.5 1.0 0.9 8 -8 -1 51

onTable III.62

Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 2000 and 2004

Value Annual percentage change

2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Korea, Republic of

Singapore

Thailand a

Taipei, Chinese

Pakistan

Philippines a

India a

Europe

European Union (25)

Turkey

North America

United States

Canada b

a 2003 instead of 2004.

b Imports are valued f.o.b.

124.4 167.8 8 -6 29 27

47.5 61.0 6 -8 27 23

24.4 31.4 6 -12 30 24

10.4 14.1 8 2 10 41

8.7 17.1 19 1 56 51

5.5 6.3 ... ... ... ...

5.4 11.9 22 9 52 32

3.5 3.6 0 1 10 15

3.1 2.5 -7 -18 15 ...

0.7 0.5 -10 3 -3 ...

34.4 40.6 4 -7 21 33

31.9 36.6 3 -8 18 35

2.2 3.7 13 3 47 19

25.9 37.3 10 -13 35 29

24.4 35.1 10 -13 36 30

1.1 1.8 13 5 30 17

Table III.63

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Middle East 389.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 5 20 29

Saudi Arabia 126.2 51.4 32.1 29.0 32.4 13 7 29 35United Arab Emirates 82.8 10.4 17.0 18.6 21.2 14 7 29 23Iran, Islamic Rep. of 44.4 5.8 14.0 10.6 11.4 12 18 20 31Israel 38.5 2.6 8.7 11.7 9.9 5 1 8 22Kuwait 28.7 9.3 5.1 7.3 7.4 10 -5 35 39

Iraq 17.8 12.4 8.9 7.7 4.6 -4 -5 -21 83Qatar 15.5 2.7 2.8 4.3 4.0 8 1 20 18Oman 13.3 1.8 4.0 4.2 3.4 4 1 4 14Bahrain 7.6 1.7 2.7 2.3 1.9 5 4 10 19Syrian Arab Republic 4.9 1.0 3.0 1.7 1.3 2 19 -8 -14

Importers

Middle East 251.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12 4 13 27

United Arab Emirates 47.6 8.6 11.1 16.8 18.9 16 8 21 21Saudi Arabia 44.6 29.7 23.8 19.0 17.7 10 3 14 21Israel 42.9 9.6 16.6 23.6 17.0 3 0 2 18Iran, Islamic Rep. of 34.7 12.1 20.1 9.0 13.8 25 26 17 33Iraq 21.3 13.7 7.6 8.4 8.5 12 -25 1 114

Kuwait 12.0 6.4 3.9 4.5 4.8 14 14 22 9Lebanon 9.4 3.6 2.5 3.9 3.7 11 -12 11 31Oman 8.9 1.7 2.6 3.2 3.5 15 4 9 35Jordan 8.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.2 15 4 13 42Bahrain 6.3 3.4 3.7 2.9 2.5 8 16 2 24

Note: Recent figures for a number of significant traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

8. Asia

Chart III.17

Merchandise trade of Asia, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Chart III.18

Share of Asia in world merchandise trade,1994-04(Percentage based on value data)

Exports

Imports

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Table III.64

Merchandise trade of Asia, 2004

Exports Imports

Value 2388 2224

1980-85 5 2

1985-90 13 14

1990-95 12 12

1995-00 5 4

2000-04 10 10

2002 8 6

2003 18 19

2004 25 27

Volume

1980-85 7.5 5.0

1985-90 7.5 11.5

1990-95 7.5 10.5

1995-00 8.5 5.5

2000-04 8.0 8.0

2002 11.0 8.0

2003 11.5 13.0

2004 14.0 14.5

Table III.65

Merchandise trade of Asia by regionand by major product group, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share

Total 2388 100.0 100.0

Region

Europe 417 17.5 13.8

CIS 25 1.1 1.6

Africa 45 1.9 1.7

Asia 1201 50.3 54.0

Product group

Table III.66

Merchandise exports of Asia by major product group and main destination, 2004

Share in total Share in product Annual percentageValue merchandise group change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Total merchandise

Intra-Asia

Other Asia

North America

Europe

European Union (25)

All other regions

Manufactures

Intra-Asia

Other Asia

North America

Europe

European Union (25)

All other regions

Intra-Asia

Other Asia

Europe

European Union (25)

North America

All other regions

Intra-Asia

Other Asia

Europe

European Union (25)

North America

All other regions

2388.4 100.0 100.0 - - 10 18 25

1201.3 48.8 50.3 - - 10 20 26

269.5 7.4 11.3 - - 22 36 30

203.9 9.6 8.5 - - 6 14 22

727.8 31.8 30.5 - - 8 16 26

533.1 26.4 22.3 - - 5 8 20

416.9 17.4 17.5 - - 10 24 24

390.0 16.4 16.3 - - 10 23 24

184.6 6.1 7.7 - - 16 22 35

1997.5 84.2 83.6 100.0 100.0 9 18 25

931.2 37.8 39.0 44.9 46.6 10 21 25

229.8 6.2 9.6 7.4 11.5 22 37 28

140.1 6.4 5.9 7.6 7.0 7 15 22

561.3 25.2 23.5 29.9 28.1 8 17 25

497.6 24.7 20.8 29.4 24.9 5 8 20

375.6 15.7 15.7 18.6 18.8 10 24 26

352.5 14.9 14.8 17.6 17.6 9 23 25

155.0 5.1 4.8 6.1 5.7 16 24 36

184.4 7.6 7.7 100.0 100.0 10 20 34

152.9 6.1 6.4 80.7 82.9 11 21 34

38.6 1.9 1.6 25.6 20.9 5 18 22

25.7 0.7 1.1 9.1 13.9 23 47 45

88.6 3.5 3.7 46.0 48.0 11 17 37

11.8 0.5 0.5 6.2 6.4 11 25 32

11.2 0.4 0.5 5.8 6.1 11 23 33

9.1 0.5 0.4 6.2 4.9 4 1 49

6.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 2.6 14 14 39

143.1 6.1 6.0 100.0 100.0 9 11 18

84.0 3.8 3.5 62.3 58.7 7 9 16

24.1 1.2 1.0 19.9 16.8 5 5 22

12.9 0.4 0.5 6.6 9.0 18 23 30

47.0 2.2 2.0 35.8 32.9 7 8 9

21.0 0.9 0.9 14.7 14.6 9 18 18

19.7 0.8 0.8 13.8 13.8 9 17 19

19.2 0.8 0.8 13.3 13.4 9 12 17

16.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 9.1 15 17 25

Table III.67

Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2004

Share in exports Share in Value of Asia world exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Other food products

Raw materials

Non-ferrous metals

Manufactures

Iron and steel

Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals

Other chemicals

Integrated circuits

Transport equipment

Automotive products

Other machinery

Textiles

Clothing

Other manufactures

2388.4 100.0 100.0 26.4 26.8 10 8 18 25

143.1 6.1 6.0 18.3 18.3 9 9 11 18

111.7 4.7 4.7 17.9 17.8 10 9 10 18

24.3 1.2 1.0 36.4 34.9 6 4 7 15

87.4 3.5 3.7 15.3 15.7 11 10 11 19

31.4 1.4 1.3 19.8 20.1 7 8 16 18

184.4 7.6 7.7 14.4 14.4 10 0 20 34

28.7 1.0 1.2 25.3 24.8 14 2 30 33

121.2 5.2 5.1 12.8 12.2 9 -2 19 33

34.6 1.3 1.4 17.5 20.1 12 4 17 42

1997.5 84.2 83.6 29.8 30.4 9 9 18 25

65.2 2.1 2.7 24.6 24.5 17 13 26 51

168.1 6.1 7.0 17.3 17.2 14 11 24 28

13.5 0.5 0.6 8.0 5.5 11 6 16 18

154.6 5.6 6.5 19.4 21.2 14 12 24 28

134.6 5.5 5.6 20.5 21.3 10 10 14 24

1174.7 50.8 49.2 32.1 33.8 9 9 18 25

624.7 27.5 26.2 47.3 55.1 8 11 18 25

224.2 10.7 9.4 47.7 53.3 6 8 13 19

188.0 6.2 7.9 36.0 49.1 16 13 25 34

212.6 10.6 8.9 57.3 64.3 5 12 18 24

248.4 10.1 10.4 20.2 20.6 10 12 16 21

172.5 6.9 7.2 19.9 20.4 11 15 16 20

75.8 3.2 3.2 21.0 21.1 9 7 16 22

301.6 13.2 12.6 26.3 26.6 8 5 18 28

87.8 4.2 3.7 44.9 45.1 6 5 12 16

120.7 5.5 5.1 46.5 46.8 7 5 15 13

246.5 9.9 10.3 30.4 32.1 11 7 20 26

57.9 2.3 2.4 32.7 35.0 11 9 16 22

55.4 1.6 2.3 22.5 29.4 20 11 43 51

133.3 6.0 5.6 32.7 32.1 8 6 15 19

onTable III.68

Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 2388.4 100.0 100.0 10 8 18 25

Intra-Asia 1201.3 48.8 50.3 10 10 20 26China 269.5 7.4 11.3 22 27 36 30Japan 203.9 9.6 8.5 6 -1 14 22Australia and New Zealand 66.5 2.4 2.8 13 14 23 26Other Asia 661.3 29.3 27.7 8 8 16 26

North America 533.1 26.4 22.3 5 6 8 20United States 481.9 24.2 20.2 5 6 8 19Other North America 51.3 2.2 2.1 9 12 6 30

Europe 416.9 17.4 17.5 10 4 24 24European Union (25) 390.0 16.4 16.3 10 4 23 24Other Europe 26.9 1.0 1.1 13 5 45 29

Middle East 75.1 2.5 3.1 16 13 19 26

Africa 44.9 1.3 1.9 19 5 25 42South Africa 12.0 0.4 0.5 16 7 33 47Other Africa 32.8 1.0 1.4 20 4 22 40

South and Central America 39.4 1.8 1.6 8 -7 7 40Brazil 11.1 0.5 0.5 8 -8 7 53Other South and Central America 28.3 1.3 1.2 8 -6 7 35

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 25.3 0.5 1.1 35 24 66 46Russian Federation 17.3 0.3 0.7 32 20 58 47Other CIS 8.0 0.1 0.3 39 37 84 43

Table III.69

Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2004

Value Share Value Volume

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Asia 2388.4 100.0 100.0 10 8 18 25 8.0 11.0 11.0 14.0

China 593.3 15.0 24.8 24 22 35 35 ... ... ... ...Japan 565.8 28.9 23.7 4 3 13 20 3.0 8.0 5.0 11.0Hong Kong, China 265.5 ... ... 7 6 13 16 8.0 9.0 14.0 15.0

domestic exports 20.0 1.4 0.8 -4 -10 7 2 -3.0 -7.0 1.0 5.0re-exports 245.6 ... ... 8 7 14 17 10.0 10.5 15.0 16.0

Korea, Republic of 253.8 10.4 10.6 10 8 19 31 13.0 13.0 17.0 22.5Taipei, Chinese 182.4 9.1 7.6 5 7 11 21 1.0 9.0 4.0 8.0

Singapore 179.6 8.3 7.5 7 3 15 25 9.0 5.0 16.0 21.0domestic exports 98.6 4.7 4.1 6 1 19 24 9.0 2.5 22.0 18.0re-exports 81.0 3.6 3.4 8 5 10 26 9.0 8.0 9.0 24.0

Malaysia 126.5 5.9 5.3 7 7 12 21 ... ... ... ...Thailand 97.4 4.2 4.1 9 5 18 21 5.0 13.5 9.0 6.0Australia 86.4 3.9 3.6 8 3 10 21 1.0 1.0 -2.0 3.0India 75.6 2.6 3.2 16 14 16 32 11.5 17.0 3.0 18.0

Indonesia 72.3 3.9 3.0 3 3 8 13 -2.0 -3.0 -1.0 -1.5Philippines 39.7 2.4 1.7 0 12 1 7 3.0 22.0 -5.0 -3.0Viet Nam 25.6 0.9 1.1 15 11 21 27 ... ... ... ...New Zealand 20.4 0.8 0.9 11 5 15 23 5.0 5.5 3.0 7.0Pakistan 13.4 0.5 0.6 10 7 20 12 9.5 12.0 12.0 5.0

Importers

Asia 2224.2 100.0 100.0 10 6 19 27 8.0 8.0 13.0 14.0

China 561.2 15.0 25.2 26 21 40 36 ... ... ... ...Japan 454.5 25.3 20.4 5 -3 14 19 3.5 2.0 7.0 7.0Hong Kong, China 272.9 ... ... 6 3 12 17 8.0 8.0 13.0 14.0

retained imports 27.3 2.3 1.2 -6 -22 -1 13 -4.0 -8.0 -6.0 -2.0Korea, Republic of 224.5 10.7 10.1 9 8 18 26 7.0 12.0 7.0 12.0Taipei, Chinese 168.4 9.3 7.6 5 5 13 32 4.5 8.0 6.5 15.5

Singapore 163.9 9.0 7.4 5 0 10 28 4.0 0.5 6.5 22.0retained imports 82.8 5.0 3.7 2 -4 9 30 ... ... ... ...

Australia 109.4 4.8 4.9 11 14 23 23 8.5 14.5 12.0 15.0Malaysia 105.3 5.5 4.7 6 8 5 26 ... ... ... ...India 97.3 3.4 4.4 17 12 26 37 8.0 4.0 11.0 17.0Thailand 95.4 4.1 4.3 11 4 17 26 5.0 11.0 9.0 12.0

Indonesia 54.9 2.9 2.5 6 2 10 30 3.0 2.0 5.0 19.0Philippines 42.3 2.5 1.9 3 6 6 7 4.5 2.0 1.0 -2.0Viet Nam 31.1 1.0 1.4 19 22 28 23 ... ... ... ...New Zealand 23.2 0.9 1.0 14 13 23 25 9.0 9.0 11.0 15.0Pakistan 17.9 0.7 0.8 13 10 16 38 8.0 9.0 1.0 23.0

Memorandum items:

ASEAN (10)Exports 551.8 26.1 23.1 6 5 13 20 ... ... ... ...

Imports 500.1 25.4 22.5 7 5 10 25 ... ... ... ...

SAPTA (7) ... ... ... ...

Exports 104.0 3.9 4.4 13 10 16 27 ... ... ... ...

Imports 138.2 5.4 6.2 14 9 23 33 ... ... ... ...

onTable III.70

Merchandise trade of Japan by region and economy, 2004

Exports Imports

Destination Annual percentage Origin Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 565.81 100.0 100.0 13 20 World 454.54 100.0 100.0 14 19

Asia 288.94 43.3 51.1 22 25 Asia 227.84 46.4 50.1 15 21

North America 142.50 32.7 25.2 -2 11 North America 74.17 22.0 16.3 2 7

Europe 94.78 17.8 16.8 19 18 Europe 64.49 13.9 14.2 12 16

Middle East 14.47 2.0 2.6 13 12 Middle East 62.73 13.0 13.8 26 22

South and Central America 8.14 1.7 1.4 -4 26 South and Central America 10.45 2.2 2.3 12 36

Africa 6.60 0.9 1.2 23 36 Africa 8.67 1.3 1.9 14 34

CIS 3.77 0.2 0.7 89 72 CIS 6.19 1.3 1.4 28 34

Economy Economy

United States 128.69 30.0 22.7 -2 9 China 94.27 14.5 20.7 22 25

China 73.94 6.3 13.1 44 29 United States 63.58 19.1 14.0 2 6

European Union (25) 89.21 16.8 15.8 18 18 European Union (25) 57.83 12.5 12.7 12 16

Taipei, Chinese 42.01 7.5 7.4 19 34 Australia 19.45 3.9 4.3 8 29

Above 5 378.11 67.1 66.8 14 19 Above 5 257.18 55.4 56.6 12 18

Hong Kong, China 35.43 5.7 6.3 18 19 Indonesia 18.70 4.3 4.1 16 14

Thailand 20.28 2.8 3.6 22 26 Saudi Arabia 18.46 3.7 4.1 25 26

Singapore 17.99 4.3 3.2 5 21 United Arab Emirates 18.34 3.9 4.0 24 28

Malaysia 12.57 2.9 2.2 2 12 Taipei, Chinese 16.69 4.7 3.7 5 17

Australia 11.82 1.8 2.1 19 19 Malaysia 14.12 3.8 3.1 12 12

Philippines 9.60 2.1 1.7 7 6 Thailand 14.11 2.8 3.1 13 19

Indonesia 9.08 1.6 1.6 15 26 Canada 8.41 2.3 1.9 5 12

Canada 7.64 1.6 1.4 1 3 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8.26 1.4 1.8 57 11

Panama 6.07 1.3 1.1 18 11 Philippines 8.25 1.9 1.8 8 17

Mexico 5.19 1.1 0.9 -4 42 Qatar 7.88 1.5 1.7 24 21

United Arab Emirates 4.61 0.5 0.8 23 27 Singapore 6.29 1.7 1.4 8 16

Saudi Arabia 3.67 0.6 0.6 -1 -1 Kuwait 5.75 1.3 1.3 9 26

Viet Nam 3.18 0.4 0.6 23 21 Russian Federation 5.71 1.2 1.3 29 35

Russian Federation 3.12 0.1 0.6 87 76 Switzerland 4.81 0.9 1.1 17 25

India 3.04 0.5 0.5 28 27 South Africa 4.60 0.8 1.0 24 28

South Africa 2.91 0.4 0.5 31 43 Chile 4.18 0.7 0.9 22 59

Brazil 2.35 0.5 0.4 4 25 Viet Nam 3.86 0.7 0.8 22 25

New Zealand 2.29 0.3 0.4 26 26 Brazil 3.65 0.8 0.8 8 27

Switzerland 2.19 0.4 0.4 22 12 India 2.61 0.7 0.6 4 20

Turkey 1.92 0.3 0.3 65 37 New Zealand 2.47 0.6 0.5 8 20

Pakistan 1.24 0.1 0.2 26 37 Mexico 2.17 0.6 0.5 -1 22

Israel 1.16 0.3 0.2 16 37 Brunei Darussalam 1.89 0.4 0.4 20 3

Oman 1.16 0.2 0.2 13 20 Oman 1.63 0.5 0.4 21 -36

Norway 1.13 0.2 0.2 19 43 Hong Kong, China 1.63 0.4 0.4 -5 21

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 1.12 0.1 0.2 45 0 Nigeria 1.42 0.1 0.3 21 58

Above 30 548.86 97.3 97.0 - - Above 30 441.66 97.3 97.2 - -

Table III.71

Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan to China by major product, 2004

Share in economy's

total merchandise total exports by Annual percentageValue exports product group change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

United States

Total merchandise exports 34.7 100.0 100.0 2.1 4.2 21 15 29 22Agricultural products 7.2 14.7 20.8 3.3 9.1 32 7 113 17

Food 3.7 9.3 10.7 2.8 6.2 25 -4 154 -1Fuels and mining products 2.8 6.3 8.2 3.7 7.6 29 5 60 39Manufactures 24.3 77.6 70.0 1.9 3.6 18 17 13 22

Chemicals 4.7 14.3 13.6 2.8 4.2 19 34 22 31Other semi-manufactures 1.3 4.9 3.8 1.7 2.7 13 14 10 33Machinery and transport equipment 15.0 49.6 43.3 2.0 3.8 17 15 7 20

Office and telecom equipment 5.4 19.8 15.7 2.1 4.5 14 0 20 15Transport equipment 2.9 12.2 8.2 1.7 2.2 10 37 -18 -10

Automotive products 0.7 1.3 1.9 0.3 0.9 33 30 73 18Other transport equipment 2.2 10.9 6.3 3.4 4.0 5 37 -26 -16

Other machinery 6.7 17.6 19.4 2.1 4.8 24 13 16 44Textiles 0.3 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.4 25 62 35 15Clothing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 40 -23 -33 72Other manufactures 2.7 7.6 7.6 1.5 3.0 21 7 18 30

Personal and household goods 0.1 0.6 0.3 1.6 1.7 -1 -10 4 0Scientific and controlling instruments 1.6 3.6 4.5 1.8 4.3 28 5 25 34Miscellaneous manufactures 1.0 3.3 2.8 1.3 2.2 16 12 10 28

European Union (25)

Food 0.8 2.0 1.4 0.3 0.3 14 7 28 30Fuels and mining products 2.5 3.7 4.2 0.6 1.1 30 28 37 59Manufactures 53.4 89.8 91.2 1.0 1.8 27 20 42 28

Office and telecom equipment 5.5 20.3 9.3 1.7 1.7 4 -28 25 36Transport equipment 8.7 11.1 14.8 0.6 1.3 35 35 63 12

Automotive products 4.5 5.4 7.7 0.4 1.0 38 39 84 -11Other transport equipment 4.1 5.7 7.1 1.1 2.2 33 30 35 56

Other machinery 23.5 32.8 40.1 2.0 4.2 33 29 38 36Textiles 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.8 21 12 28 27Clothing 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 26 18 27 33Other manufactures 3.8 5.5 6.6 0.6 1.1 32 31 36 35

Personal and household goods 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.5 33 17 89 1Scientific and controlling instruments 1.9 2.6 3.3 1.3 2.5 34 36 46 30Miscellaneous manufactures 1.5 2.4 2.6 0.4 0.8 29 29 13 55

Food 0.2 0.6 0.2 12.1 8.6 -3 -5 12 8Fuels and mining products 3.4 3.4 3.6 19.6 30.4 23 2 19 55Manufactures 88.2 94.3 94.9 8.9 16.8 22 26 40 27

Office and telecom equipment 21.2 22.8 22.9 9.0 20.7 22 29 45 15Transport equipment 6.6 5.0 7.1 1.9 4.5 33 58 50 22

Automotive products 5.1 3.6 5.5 1.7 4.4 35 69 52 19Other transport equipment 1.5 1.4 1.6 2.3 4.8 25 30 42 33

Other machinery 26.6 27.0 28.6 10.7 21.8 23 22 40 33Textiles 3.3 6.9 3.5 41.6 45.8 3 -7 13 15Clothing 0.2 0.5 0.2 40.9 30.5 -4 14 -12 -12Other manufactures 9.7 7.7 10.4 7.7 19.3 31 35 69 34

Personal and household goods 0.2 0.0 0.2 3.7 19.0 66 34 157 57Scientific and controlling instruments 5.2 3.0 5.6 8.5 26.5 42 52 96 29Miscellaneous manufactures 4.3 4.7 4.6 7.4 14.5 21 22 41 39

Note: Export figures are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by region (Appendix table A2). See the Technical Notes for details.

onTable III.72

Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan from China by major product, 2004

Share in economy's

total merchandise total imports by Annual percentageValue imports product group change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

United States

ManufacturesChemicalsOther semi-manufacturesMachinery and transport equipment

TextilesClothingOther manufactures

Personal and household goodsScientific and controlling instrumentsMiscellaneous manufactures

European Union (25)

ManufacturesChemicalsOther semi-manufacturesMachinery and transport equipment

Personal and household goodsScientific and controlling instrumentsMiscellaneous manufactures

ManufacturesChemicalOther semi-manufacturesMachinery and transport equipment

Personal and household goodsScientific and controlling instruments

210.5 100.0 100.0 8.5 13.8 18 22 22 29

3.5 1.5 1.6 2.3 3.9 22 27 32 222.7 1.1 1.3 2.3 4.0 23 30 33 18

2.1 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 10 -5 12 93

202.5 96.1 96.2 10.7 17.9 18 22 22 294.1 1.8 1.9 2.6 3.5 20 17 26 24

17.4 7.9 8.3 10.1 16.2 20 23 20 2890.1 34.1 42.8 6.5 14.8 25 32 32 4263.0 20.9 29.9 10.5 29.6 29 40 37 4736.6 10.6 17.4 12.1 38.2 34 42 54 5025.0 9.6 11.9 14.4 28.0 25 41 19 431.4 0.7 0.7 1.6 5.1 15 17 15 534.6 1.8 2.2 12.2 22.3 24 35 35 27

14.4 8.3 6.8 13.3 19.0 13 9 19 2070.2 41.6 33.4 31.4 39.7 12 17 14 1529.3 16.2 13.9 42.4 54.0 14 18 15 172.3 1.0 1.1 4.9 8.0 20 11 28 31

38.6 24.4 18.3 33.2 41.2 10 16 12 13

157.8 100.0 100.0 2.7 4.2 23 16 41 33

3.6 2.3 1.7 1.0 1.0 10 -10 29 212.5 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.8 12 -10 34 16

3.2 1.2 1.5 0.4 0.7 26 -12 43 72

150.7 59.9 71.6 3.3 5.3 24 18 41 325.0 2.4 2.4 1.0 1.1 18 12 37 17

11.9 4.9 5.6 2.6 4.0 22 15 33 3876.5 23.7 36.3 2.5 5.3 32 23 54 4150.0 13.5 23.7 4.2 12.6 36 29 61 4126.2 7.0 12.4 5.0 14.6 36 28 64 3821.3 5.9 10.1 5.5 14.4 36 27 56 442.5 0.5 1.2 0.8 3.6 43 66 70 523.9 1.8 1.9 3.5 5.8 19 18 32 29

16.1 7.9 7.6 10.3 13.2 17 16 27 2236.3 18.8 17.3 8.7 10.6 16 13 31 2011.4 5.2 5.4 10.2 13.2 19 12 34 321.6 0.7 0.8 1.5 2.3 22 36 20 29

23.3 12.9 11.1 10.6 12.4 14 12 31 15

94.3 100.0 100.0 14.5 20.7 14 7 22 25

8.5 6.5 4.0 11.3 13.0 5 -1 4 197.5 5.5 3.6 12.3 14.2 6 -1 4 21

5.3 3.0 2.5 3.3 4.2 13 -2 33 38

79.8 41.2 37.9 20.9 31.2 16 9 24 253.0 1.5 1.4 6.1 8.7 17 3 27 355.5 2.6 2.6 18.2 27.6 18 13 23 29

34.0 12.1 16.1 12.2 27.3 27 26 35 3220.6 6.0 9.8 10.5 32.1 34 35 39 3512.0 2.8 5.7 11.0 44.3 41 62 53 307.1 2.6 3.4 20.8 44.2 26 11 22 371.5 0.5 0.7 3.0 7.2 27 18 25 822.8 1.9 1.3 41.2 49.6 8 1 13 14

17.5 13.7 8.3 74.7 80.9 4 -7 13 1315.6 8.9 7.4 26.1 35.1 13 7 18 206.1 4.0 2.9 44.1 53.2 9 2 12 151.6 0.4 0.8 5.3 14.2 36 47 66 41

7.9 4.5 3.8 26.5 36.4 13 8 18 19

Table III.73

Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04

Destination ASEAN (10) All other regions World

Origin Total Asia Other regions

Indonesia 1990 2.57 23.11 15.31 7.80 25.682000 11.46 53.95 28.36 25.59 65.402003 10.73 53.38 29.69 23.69 64.112004 13.00 59.33 27.86 31.48 72.33

Malaysia 1990 8.62 20.83 9.65 11.18 29.452000 26.06 72.17 32.93 39.24 98.232003 25.97 79.00 38.46 40.54 104.972004 31.74 94.77 46.53 48.23 126.50

Philippines 1990 0.59 7.52 2.59 4.93 8.122000 5.46 34.32 13.20 21.12 39.782003 6.58 30.44 15.43 15.01 37.032004 6.88 32.81 19.54 13.27 39.69

Singapore a 1990 13.57 39.16 15.16 24.00 52.732000 41.53 96.27 45.00 51.27 137.802003 40.18 104.01 54.34 49.67 144.182004 49.37 130.25 69.11 61.14 179.62

Thailand 1990 2.75 20.32 6.78 13.54 23.072000 13.38 55.68 23.44 32.24 69.062003 16.55 63.79 29.84 33.95 80.332004 21.16 76.25 37.29 38.97 97.41

ASEAN (10) 1990 28.95 115.20 ... ... 144.152000 103.55 328.42 ... ... 431.972003 104.52 355.37 ... ... 459.902004 127.63 424.16 ... ... 551.79

Indonesia 2000 2.7 12.5 6.6 5.9 15.12004 2.4 10.8 5.0 5.7 13.1

Malaysia 2000 6.0 16.7 7.6 9.1 22.72004 5.8 17.2 8.4 8.7 22.9

Philippines 2000 1.3 7.9 3.1 4.9 9.22004 1.2 5.9 3.5 2.4 7.2

Singapore a 2000 9.6 22.3 10.4 11.9 31.92004 8.9 23.6 12.5 11.1 32.6

Thailand 2000 3.1 12.9 5.4 7.5 16.02004 3.8 13.8 6.8 7.1 17.7

ASEAN (10) 2000 24.0 76.0 ... ... 100.02004 23.1 76.9 ... ... 100.0

Indonesia 2000-04 3 2 0 5 32003 8 8 12 4 82004 21 11 -6 33 13

Malaysia 2000-04 5 7 9 5 72003 7 13 17 10 122004 22 20 21 19 21

Philippines 2000-04 6 -1 10 -11 02003 19 -2 16 -15 12004 5 8 27 -12 7

Singapore a 2000-04 4 8 11 4 72003 5 19 25 14 152004 23 25 27 23 25

Thailand 2000-04 12 8 12 5 92003 23 17 22 12 182004 28 20 25 15 21

ASEAN (10) 2000-04 5 7 ... ... 62003 10 13 ... ... 132004 22 19 ... ... 20

a Includes significant re-exports.

onTable III.74

Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04

Origin ASEAN (10) All other regions World

Destination Total Asia Other regions

Indonesia 1990 1.88 19.96 10.12 9.83 21.842000 8.44 35.16 11.81 23.35 43.602003 10.03 32.21 10.19 22.02 42.242004 13.05 41.84 14.51 27.34 54.90

Malaysia 1990 5.65 23.61 12.12 11.49 29.262000 19.72 62.24 33.73 28.51 81.962003 20.09 63.52 34.74 28.79 83.622004 25.21 80.07 44.46 35.61 105.29

Philippines 1990 1.37 11.67 5.22 6.45 13.042000 5.46 31.56 14.55 17.02 37.032003 6.80 32.70 17.43 15.27 39.502004 8.07 34.28 21.25 13.03 42.35

Singapore a 1990 12.45 48.32 20.78 27.54 60.772000 39.82 94.72 41.83 52.89 134.552003 36.64 91.30 39.76 51.54 127.932004 43.28 120.57 54.54 66.03 163.85

Thailand 1990 4.37 28.68 15.82 12.86 33.052000 10.31 51.62 26.88 24.73 61.922003 12.61 63.20 34.63 28.56 75.812004 15.84 79.51 45.57 33.94 95.35

ASEAN (10) 1990 26.31 136.02 ... ... 162.332000 89.49 291.18 ... ... 380.672003 94.40 306.34 ... ... 400.742004 115.33 384.78 ... ... 500.11

Indonesia 2000 2.2 9.2 3.1 6.1 11.52004 2.6 8.4 2.9 5.5 11.0

Malaysia 2000 5.2 16.4 8.9 7.5 21.52004 5.0 16.0 8.9 7.1 21.1

Philippines 2000 1.4 8.3 3.8 4.5 9.72004 1.6 6.9 4.2 2.6 8.5

Singapore a 2000 10.5 24.9 11.0 13.9 35.32004 8.7 24.1 10.9 13.2 32.8

Thailand 2000 2.7 13.6 7.1 6.5 16.32004 3.2 15.9 9.1 6.8 19.1

ASEAN (10) 2000 23.5 76.5 ... ... 100.02004 23.1 76.9 ... ... 100.0

Indonesia 2000-04 12 4 5 4 62003 21 7 -6 15 102004 30 30 42 24 30

Malaysia 2000-04 6 7 7 6 62003 10 3 3 4 52004 25 26 28 24 26

Philippines 2000-04 10 2 10 -6 32003 19 4 10 -2 62004 19 5 22 -15 7

Singapore a 2000-04 2 6 7 6 52003 2 13 16 11 102004 18 32 37 28 28

Thailand 2000-04 11 11 14 8 112003 16 18 18 16 172004 26 26 32 19 26

ASEAN (10) 2000-04 7 7 ... ... 72003 10 11 ... ... 102004 22 26 ... ... 25

a Includes significant imports for re-export.

Table III.75

Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Asia 450.4 100.0 100.0 10 7 9 27

Japan 94.9 23.8 21.1 7 2 8 25

China 62.1 9.8 13.8 20 20 18 34

Hong Kong, China 53.6 12.6 11.9 8 9 6 18

Korea, Republic of 40.0 9.7 8.9 8 -3 15 27

India 39.6 ... 8.8 ... 14 21 ...

Singapore 36.5 9.5 8.1 6 3 2 19

Taipei, Chinese 25.5 6.5 5.7 6 9 7 11

Australia 24.8 5.9 5.5 8 7 18 20

Thailand 18.9 4.5 4.2 8 18 3 21

Malaysia 16.7 4.5 3.7 5 3 -9 24

New Zealand 7.8 1.4 1.7 16 18 25 23

Macao, China 7.6 1.1 1.7 23 19 17 44

Indonesia a 6.7 1.6 1.5 ... 22 -21 ...

Philippines 4.1 1.3 0.9 1 -3 9 24

Viet Nam a 3.5 0.9 0.8 ... 5 11 ...

Importers

Asia 511.7 100.0 100.0 8 5 8 25

Japan 134.0 31.3 26.2 4 0 3 22

China 71.6 9.7 14.0 19 18 19 31

India 40.9 ... 8.0 ... 5 23 ...

Singapore 36.2 7.4 7.1 7 5 -1 23

Taipei, Chinese 29.9 6.9 5.8 4 2 4 20

Hong Kong, China 29.8 6.6 5.8 5 4 1 16

Australia 25.6 4.9 5.0 9 7 19 22

Thailand 23.0 4.1 4.5 11 14 9 28

Indonesia a 21.3 4.2 4.2 ... 8 2 ...

Malaysia 18.8 4.5 3.7 3 -2 7 8

New Zealand 6.8 1.2 1.3 11 10 18 24

Pakistan 5.1 ... 1.0 ... -5 48 ...

Philippines 5.1 1.7 1.0 -6 -22 19 5

Viet Nam a 4.5 0.9 0.9 ... 9 13 ...

a Includes Secretariat estimates.

onTable III.76

Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 32.1 34.9 33.9 42.7 30.3 31.9

Sea transport 22.1 22.9 23.3 29.3 18.2 21.8

Air transport 10.0 12.0 10.5 13.4 12.1 10.0

Other transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Travel 11.3 11.5 11.9 38.3 27.6 28.5

Table III.77

Trade in commercial services of China, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 12.1 12.2 19.4 24.5 29.0 34.3

Sea transport ... 5.1 ... ... 17.1 ...

Air transport ... 3.5 ... ... 4.4 ...

Other transport ... 3.6 ... ... 7.5 ...

Travel 25.7 53.8 41.5 19.1 36.6 26.7

Table III.78

Trade in commercial services of Taipei, Chinese, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 5.3 20.7 20.7 8.1 24.5 27.2

Sea transport 2.6 11.5 10.1 6.2 15.1 20.9

Air transport 2.7 9.2 10.7 1.9 9.4 6.3

Other transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Travel 4.0 18.8 15.8 8.2 31.8 27.4

Table III.79

Trade in commercial services of Korea, Republic of, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Transportation 22.4 46.0 56.0 17.9 33.5 36.1

Sea transport ... ... ... ... ... ...

Air transport ... ... ... ... ... ...

Other transport ... ... ... ... ... ...

Travel 5.7 23.0 14.3 12.0 21.6 24.1

on9. Least-developed countries

Table III.80

Ratio of exports of goods and commercial services to GDP of least-developed countries, 2003

Value Ratio to GDP

GDP Goods and Goods Commercial servicescommercial services

2003 2000 2003 2000 2003 2000 2003

207400 25 27 21 24 4 4

... ... ... ... ... ... ...13189 92 ... 89 ... 3 ...51897 14 14 14 14 1 13499 23 21 17 17 6 5645 25 21 22 17 3 4

4182 9 9 8 8 1 1669 8 6 7 6 0 0

4299 51 60 39 48 12 12831 26 32 7 6 19 25

1198 18 11 17 10 1 02648 15 19 13 17 2 2323 24 ... 6 ... 18 ...

5600 22 26 21 23 2 3625 18 20 6 6 12 14

2894 94 103 93 102 1 1734 14 ... 6 ... 8 ...

6638 13 16 7 8 6 9386 45 42 30 26 15 16

3626 22 18 21 17 1 2236 31 30 29 28 2 2

2745 13 16 9 12 4 458 ... ... ... ... ... ...

2036 27 24 19 18 8 51135 29 ... 25 ... 4 ...442 ... ... ... ... ... ...

5459 29 19 21 16 8 41731 26 25 24 23 2 2696 73 83 17 22 55 62

4326 26 26 23 21 4 51128 40 ... 37 ... 3 ...4320 19 27 10 20 9 79731 22 29 17 26 5 35835 22 17 14 12 7 52730 18 15 16 13 2 21637 6 7 4 4 2 3323 26 ... 6 ... 20 ...54 34 ... 6 ... 28 ...

6496 29 27 21 19 8 8793 8 22 2 14 6 8257 41 39 24 29 17 10

... ... ... ... ... ... ...17793 15 14 15 14 0 09872 14 18 7 11 6 6314 ... ... ... ... ... ...

1759 33 44 30 38 4 5... ... ... ... ... ... ...

6198 11 14 8 9 3 5283 63 42 12 9 51 33

10831 42 39 40 36 2 24299 27 28 23 24 4 4

36356200 25 25 20 20 5 5

Note: Trade in goods is derived from balance of payments statistics and does not correspond to the merchandise trade statistics given elsewhere in this report.

Data are estimated for most countries. See the Technical Notes.

Total LDCs

AfghanistanAngolaBangladeshBeninBhutanBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCape VerdeCentral African RepublicChadComorosCongo, Dem. Rep. ofDjiboutiEquatorial GuineaEritreaEthiopiaGambiaGuineaGuinea-BissauHaitiKiribatiLao People's Dem. Rep.LesothoLiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaldivesMaliMauritaniaMozambiqueMyanmarNepalNigerRwandaSamoaSao Tome and PrincipeSenegalSierra LeoneSolomon IslandsSomaliaSudanTanzaniaTimor LesteTogoTuvaluUgandaVanuatuYemenZambia

Memorandum item:

Table III.81

Merchandise exports and imports of least-developed countries by selected country grouping, 2004

Exports Imports

2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Least developed countries 61825 14 10 16 34 71233 13 5 22 17

Oil Exporters 29168 18 17 20 52 16945 22 25 27 19

Angola 13850 15 27 14 46 6500 21 18 46 19Equatorial Guinea 5190 47 21 33 76 1410 33 -29 142 15Yemen 4150 0 -1 12 11 4190 16 18 26 14Sudan 3778 20 15 30 49 4075 27 25 18 41

Chad 2200 86 -2 141 393 770 25 142 -38 -24

Exporters of manufactures 17022 9 5 9 19 23728 7 -6 18 14

Bangladesh 8150 6 1 14 17 12026 8 -5 21 15Myanmar 2850 15 28 -18 15 2220 -2 -18 -11 6Cambodia 2798 19 28 10 32 3170 13 11 12 22Madagascar 990 5 -48 76 16 1230 5 -37 84 11Nepal 756 -2 -23 17 14 1870 4 -4 24 7Lesotho 726 35 33 29 51 1400 15 9 38 26Haiti 391 5 2 24 13 1306 6 12 5 10Lao People's Dem. Rep. 361 2 -10 20 1 506 -1 -18 12 5

Exporters of commodities 15635 15 7 17 22 30561 14 6 24 19Zambia 1576 24 -6 2 67 2143 21 -4 24 38Senegal 1529 14 6 25 15 2710 16 17 18 13Mozambique 1504 43 -6 58 44 1970 14 19 39 12Congo, Dem. Rep. of 1413 17 14 19 10 1873 16 35 28 33Tanzania 1338 19 13 39 10 2490 13 -1 30 14Mali 1123 19 21 5 22 1320 13 -12 31 16Togo 771 21 20 44 25 1050 17 7 46 21Guinea 700 1 -3 -14 15 690 3 11 -4 8Benin 672 14 20 24 21 865 9 23 10 16Ethiopia 639 7 5 5 27 3080 25 -8 29 44Uganda 635 8 4 12 19 1491 -1 -29 14 15Burkina Faso 445 21 10 33 37 1155 17 13 25 25Malawi 441 4 -9 13 -4 792 10 23 1 13Afghanistan 420 23 150 40 20 2300 43 50 53 0Mauritania 410 3 -8 4 22 400 6 -5 1 11Niger 370 7 3 22 9 560 9 8 23 14Somalia 310 13 4 -25 39 610 15 1 14 18Liberia 235 -8 -4 15 -13 900 8 -2 11 32Maldives 172 12 20 15 13 645 13 0 20 37Bhutan 165 13 7 18 24 400 23 3 26 61Sierra Leone 139 81 69 88 51 286 18 45 15 -5Central African Republic 120 -7 4 -17 -2 150 6 12 9 15Rwanda 99 17 -24 -3 57 285 8 -12 4 10Solomon Islands 97 9 23 28 31 100 2 -26 22 22Guinea-Bissau 81 7 -14 28 17 86 10 -6 19 25Burundi 47 -2 -22 25 24 176 4 -7 21 13Djibouti 41 7 13 3 11 275 7 1 21 16Vanuatu 37 9 0 35 37 128 10 -13 18 22Eritrea 35 -1 174 -33 0 650 8 27 10 10Gambia 22 10 30 -8 83 200 2 10 25 8Cape Verde 15 8 10 18 15 386 14 18 27 10Comoros 15 21 33 25 -25 115 13 20 33 -4Samoa 11 -6 -7 7 -27 168 12 4 1 23Sao Tome and Principe 6 19 90 33 -10 45 11 9 36 7Kiribati 2 -16 -29 -22 -20 48 5 5 -7 20Tuvalu 0 78 736 9 -33 18 38 217 40 16Timor Leste ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Memorandum item:

World a 9153000 9 5 16 21 9495000 9 4 16 21

a Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.

Note: Data for 2004 are largely estimated.

onChart III.19

Merchandise exports of least-developed countries by selected product group and destination, 2003(Percentage)

Europe36% Asia

Others18%

Europe49%

NorthAmerica

Others7%

Asia9%

Europe41% Asia

Others23%

Europe46%

Asia3%

Others

Asia53%Europe

Autres2%

Europe30%

Asia30%

15%25%

Note: Estimates are based on import statistics of partners

Agricultural products Manufactures

Clothing

All products

NorthAmerica

Others

NorthAmerica

Chart III.20

Exports of least-developed countries by major product, 2003(Percentage of total value)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Others

Textiles

Raw materials

Clothing

onTable III.82

Imports of agricultural products, fuels and manufactures of the European Union (25), Asia and North America fromleast-developed countries, 2004(Million dollars and percentage)

Annual Annual Annualpercentage percentage percentage

Value change Value change Value change

2004 2003 2004 2003 2002 2003 2004 2003 2004 b

A. Agricultural products

Total LDCs 3176 13 3 Total LDCs 3023 -13 37 Total LDCs 705 22 8

Madagascar 376 28 0 Myanmar 925 -13 23 Bangladesh 191 -3 107

Senegal 313 4 -7 Tanzania 206 -8 41 Madagascar 156 53 -20

Tanzania 295 13 4 Benin 164 2 118 Liberia 95 30 58

Uganda 287 13 9 Solomon Islands 113 8 48 Cambodia 47 -6 ...

Bangladesh 233 22 -5 Mali 110 -33 182 Ethiopia 43 20 24

Malawi 194 16 -14 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 104 -80 466 Malawi 36 -8 -43

Ethiopia 189 21 20 Equatorial Guinea 96 -40 67 Uganda 25 141 -37

Sudan 144 11 23 Mauritania 92 -1 62 Haiti 18 -7 0

Mozambique 121 15 3 Burkina Faso 91 6 163 Comoros 16 -10 237

Mauritania 115 6 -7 Bangladesh 91 -6 2 Tanzania 14 1 -19

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 83 32 64 Mozambique 90 75 -15 Mozambique 8 -14 31

Others (39) 826 6 5 Others (39) 942 -14 24 Others (39) 56 19 -53

B. Fuels and mining products

Total LDCs 4174 -3 23 Total LDCs 10627 -7 63 Total LDCs 7322 35 21

Angola 1059 -36 6 Angola 3390 59 46 Angola 4755 37 6

Mozambique 919 24 65 Yemen 3372 -34 114 Equatorial Guinea 1410 75 20

Equatorial Guinea 854 41 -5 Sudan 2040 11 33 Chad 818 ... ...

Mauritania 306 2 30 Myanmar 780 -93 ... Congo, Dem. Rep. of 107 -19 -25

Guinea 295 -13 18 Equatorial Guinea 369 -11 -7 Guinea 81 6 -14

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 225 47 -5 Zambia 243 -32 53 Yemen 60 -74 -8

Tanzania 105 18 838 Rwanda 79 199 4 Zambia 28 102 178

Zambia 101 64 79 Tanzania 71 124 -6 Guinea-Bissau 28 ... ...

Others (42) 311 10 123 Others (42) 283 8 -11 Others (42) 35 862 -39

C. Manufactures

Total LDCs 9232 16 16 Total LDCs 1381 -11 19 Total LDCs 6077 12 8

Bangladesh 5064 35 30 Bangladesh 435 -6 26 Bangladesh 2649 4 10

Cambodia 736 16 31 Nepal 209 3 9 Cambodia 1651 21 18

Liberia 718 143 -33 Myanmar 186 -8 61 Lesotho 502 23 18

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 503 -46 -5 Cambodia 164 18 -8 Haiti 374 35 13

Myanmar 497 4 34 Senegal 138 34 -11 Madagascar 357 114 64

Madagascar 247 7 32 Tanzania 40 -19 127 Nepal 165 12 -14

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 159 3 21 Bhutan 37 15 38 Equatorial Guinea 103 70 -3

Equatorial Guinea 147 250 -13 Vanuatu 27 ... 39 Maldives 86 -16 -15

Angola 145 -47 -48 Zambia 18 46 -15 Angola 33 610 54

Niger 137 35 64 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 17 -69 456 Malawi 30 106 20

Sierra Leone 127 55 20 Sudan 15 51 -24 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 22 30 -41

Sudan 125 1 187 Angola 14 -56 ... Tanzania 13 11 6

Nepal 114 5 18 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 11 190 1739 Myanmar 13 -22 -96

Others (37) 1753 170 15 Others (37) 70 -77 8 Others (37) 78 11 24

a Australia, China, Hong Kong, China; India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea Rep. of , Malaysie, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore and Taipei Chinese.

b Excludes Mexico.

Asia a North AmericaEuropean Union (25)

Table III.83

Exports of commercial services of least-developed countries by category, 2003

Value Share in commercial services

Commercial Transport Travel Other services services

2003 2000 2003 2000 2003 2000 2003

Total LDCs

AfghanistanAngolaBangladeshBeninBhutanBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCape VerdeCentral African RepublicChadComorosCongo, Dem. Rep. ofDjiboutiEquatorial GuineaEritreaEthiopiaGambiaGuineaGuinea-BissauHaitiKiribatiLao People's Dem. Rep.LesothoLiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaldivesMaliMauritaniaMozambiqueMyanmarNepalNigerRwandaSamoaSao Tome and PrincipeSenegalSierra LeoneSolomon IslandsSomaliaSudanTanzaniaTimor LesteTogoTuvaluUgandaVanuatuYemenZambia

Memorandum item:

Note: Data are estimated for most countries. The improvement of the quality of data in recent years may have resulted in changes relating to the breakdown of exports of commercial services by category of services. See the Technical Notes.

7400 20 22 47 50 33 28

... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... 6 ... ... ... 94 ...398 32 18 18 14 50 68159 14 ... 61 ... 25 ...25 ... ... ... ... ... ...44 13 ... 67 ... 20 ...2 43 32 37 32 20 36

518 17 16 72 75 11 9211 44 50 40 40 16 9

6 4 ... 51 58 45 ...48 2 3 65 65 33 32... 13 ... 81 ... 6 ...

148 ... ... ... ... ... ...87 76 78 12 8 12 1424 3 ... 50 80 47 ...... 18 ... 64 ... 18 ...

588 56 51 15 19 30 3061 ... ... 76 79 ... ...55 58 12 7 ... 34 885 12 15 ... 37 ... 48

116 ... ... 81 80 ... ...... ... ... ... ... ... ...

110 15 23 85 77 0 0... 2 ... 67 ... 31 ...... ... ... ... ... ... ...

202 16 29 39 37 45 3436 26 ... 74 ... 0 ...

429 6 5 93 94 1 2208 36 21 44 62 20 18

... 1 ... 20 ... 79 ...300 30 30 23 33 47 37277 17 29 35 21 48 50302 15 12 38 66 47 2257 ... ... ... ... ... ...54 34 34 57 56 8 10... ... ... 90 ... ... ...... 2 ... 76 ... 22 ...

489 10 ... 44 ... 47 ...66 46 5 27 91 27 525 2 8 8 6 90 86... ... ... ... ... ... ...

31 63 29 22 56 15 15627 10 12 65 71 25 17

... ... ... ... ... ... ...92 23 ... 18 ... 59 ...... ... ... ... ... ... ...

284 15 15 81 65 4 2092 24 24 47 57 28 19

245 12 21 42 57 46 22165 37 ... 58 ... 5 ...

1804700 23 23 32 29 45 48

IV. Trade by sector1. Overview

Chart IV.1

World merchandise exports by product, 2000 and 2004

(Percentage of total value)

0 5 10 15 20

Textiles

Clothing

Iron and steel

Other manufactures

Automotive products

Chemicals

a Excluding automotive products and office and telecom equipment (throughout this report they are included with machinery and transport equipment, unless otherwise noted).

Machinery and transportequipment a

Table IV.1

World merchandise exports by product, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Total merchandise a 8907 100.0 100.0 9 17 21

Agricultural products 783 8.8 8.8 9 16 15

Food 627 6.9 7.0 10 17 14

Fish 70 0.9 0.8 7 11 14

Other food products 557 6.0 6.3 10 17 14

Raw materials 156 1.9 1.8 7 15 18

Fuels and mining products 1281 13.9 14.4 10 23 32

Ores and other minerals 116 1.1 1.3 15 24 43

Fuels 993 10.8 11.1 10 24 31

Non-ferrous metals 172 2.0 1.9 8 14 36

Manufactures 6570 74.8 73.8 9 16 20

Iron and steel 266 2.3 3.0 17 26 46

Chemicals 976 9.3 11.0 14 20 21

Pharmaceuticals 247 1.7 2.8 23 23 20

Other chemicals 729 7.6 8.2 11 19 22

Other semi-manufactures 633 7.1 7.1 9 14 19

Machinery and transport equipment 3474 41.8 39.0 7 14 19

Office and telecom equipment 1134 15.4 12.7 4 12 19

EDP and office equipment 420 5.9 4.7 3 12 14

Telecommunications equipment 383 4.6 4.3 8 12 25

Integrated circuits and electronic components 330 4.9 3.7 2 11 19

Transport equipment 1206 13.2 13.5 10 15 17

Automotive products 847 9.2 9.5 10 16 16

Other transport equipment 359 4.0 4.0 9 13 19

Other machinery 1134 13.2 12.7 8 15 21

Textiles 195 2.5 2.2 6 12 13

Clothing 258 3.1 2.9 7 15 11

Other manufactures 769 8.6 8.6 9 16 19

Personal and household goods 165 1.9 1.9 9 16 15

Scientific and controlling instruments 188 1.9 2.1 12 21 27

Miscellaneous manufactures 415 4.8 4.7 8 14 16

a Includes unspecified products. They accounted for 3 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2004.

Chart IV.2

World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 2000 and 2004

(Percentage of total value)

Other commercial services

Travel

Transportation

0 10 20 30 40 50

Table IV.2

World exports of commercial services by category, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

All commercial services 2125 100.0 100.0 9 7 14 18

Transportation 500 23.4 23.6 10 4 14 23

Travel 625 32.0 29.4 7 4 10 18

Other commercial services 1000 44.5 47.0 11 10 16 16

Note: Exports of transportation services are significantly under-reported. See the Technical Notes.

2. Agricultural products

Chart IV.3 Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, 2004(Percentage)

Middle East

Commonwealth ofIndependent States

Africa

South and CentralAmerica

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.3

World trade in agricultural products, 2004

Value 783

1980-85 -2

1985-90 9

1990-95 7

1995-00 -1

2000-04 9

2002 6

2003 16

2004 15

Share in world merchandise trade 8.8

Share in world exports of primary products 37.9

Table IV.4

Major regional flows in world exports of agriculturalproducts, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra-Europe 297.4 11 23 14

Intra-Asia 84.0 7 9 16

Intra-North America 59.7 5 4 13

North America to Asia 40.0 2 16 4

South and Central America toEurope 26.3 10 19 18

South and Central America to North America 14.6 6 14 14

Table IV.5

Share of agricultural products in trade in totalmerchandise and in primary products by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of agricultural products in total merchandise

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

Share of agricultural products in primary products

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

8.8 8.8

9.9 6.2

28.9 9.4

9.1 9.7

9.0 13.7

12.1 14.5

2.4 11.1

6.0 8.4

37.9 37.9

49.8 30.8

46.7 34.2

54.8 45.4

14.4 53.1

17.0 54.0

3.1 64.3

43.7 30.2

Table IV.6

Exports of agricultural products by region, 2004

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 783.1 - - 100.0 100.0 9 16 15

Europe

World 367.7 100.0 100.0 44.3 47.0 11 21 14Europe 297.4 78.9 80.9 35.0 38.0 11 23 14Asia 19.9 6.1 5.4 2.7 2.5 8 12 19North America 19.1 5.4 5.2 2.4 2.4 10 14 10Africa 10.5 3.3 2.9 1.4 1.3 7 13 10Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 9.1 2.0 2.5 0.9 1.2 17 24 23Middle East 7.3 2.5 2.0 1.1 0.9 5 20 7South and Central America 2.9 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 -1 5 4

World 143.1 100.0 100.0 18.3 18.3 9 11 18Asia 84.0 62.3 58.7 11.4 10.7 7 9 16Europe 21.0 14.7 14.6 2.7 2.7 9 18 18North America 19.2 13.3 13.4 2.4 2.5 9 12 17Middle East 7.8 4.3 5.5 0.8 1.0 16 18 36Africa 4.8 2.9 3.3 0.5 0.6 13 13 20Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.2 1.1 1.5 0.2 0.3 19 28 6South and Central America 1.5 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 10 12 27

North America

World 131.0 100.0 100.0 20.9 16.7 3 9 9North America 59.7 42.6 45.5 8.9 7.6 5 4 13Asia 40.0 31.6 30.5 6.6 5.1 2 16 4Europe 16.0 13.7 12.2 2.9 2.0 0 9 4South and Central America 7.5 5.4 5.7 1.1 1.0 5 4 13Africa 3.7 2.8 2.8 0.6 0.5 4 5 13Middle East 2.6 2.7 2.0 0.6 0.3 -4 7 10Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.2 5 2 47

World 79.9 100.0 100.0 9.5 10.2 11 18 20Europe 26.3 33.9 33.0 3.2 3.4 10 19 18Asia 17.0 15.9 21.3 1.5 2.2 19 34 32North America 14.6 21.8 18.3 2.1 1.9 6 14 14South and Central America 10.4 18.7 13.0 1.8 1.3 1 3 10Africa 4.2 3.1 5.2 0.3 0.5 27 16 48Middle East 3.9 3.8 4.8 0.4 0.5 18 12 28Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.2 2.1 4.0 0.2 0.4 31 22 22

Africa

World 28.0 100.0 100.0 3.4 3.6 10 19 19Europe 13.8 50.4 49.3 1.7 1.8 10 17 14Africa 5.2 18.3 18.6 0.6 0.7 11 25 13Asia 5.0 18.4 18.0 0.6 0.6 10 21 33North America 1.3 4.8 4.8 0.2 0.2 10 13 10Middle East 1.1 5.6 3.8 0.2 0.1 0 20 8Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.6 1.0 2.1 0.0 0.1 32 26 41South and Central America 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 -14 15 -20

World 23.9 100.0 100.0 2.4 3.1 16 25 26Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 7.9 27.6 33.1 0.7 1.0 21 49 32Asia 6.3 27.9 26.5 0.7 0.8 14 13 36Europe 6.2 34.3 25.7 0.8 0.8 8 14 12Middle East 1.0 2.2 4.2 0.1 0.1 37 40 14Africa 0.7 1.6 3.1 0.0 0.1 36 -28 37North America 0.5 3.1 2.1 0.1 0.1 5 2 4South and Central America 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 30 -72 1243

Middle East

World 9.3 100.0 100.0 1.1 1.2 11 2 11Middle East 3.5 40.9 37.6 0.5 0.4 9 -6 -4Europe 2.5 30.6 26.6 0.3 0.3 7 16 17Asia 1.2 12.7 12.5 0.1 0.1 11 15 28All other regions 1.3 12.7 13.6 0.1 0.2 13 18 9

Table IV.7

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Region Region

World 19320 100.0 6 10 8 World 88112 100.0 6 8 14

North America 12319 63.8 5 7 6 North America 33764 38.3 5 1 17

Asia 2389 12.4 11 11 15 Asia 19709 22.4 8 15 16

Europe 2375 12.3 7 16 8 Europe 16980 19.3 8 11 9

South and Central America 1721 8.9 8 21 8 South and Central America 15279 17.3 6 11 12

Africa 362 1.9 14 36 16 Africa 1593 1.8 8 24 8

CIS 98 0.5 17 14 20 CIS 429 0.5 1 -3 3

Middle East 55 0.3 7 39 4 Middle East 358 0.4 13 26 4

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 11857 61.4 5 7 6 Canada 24950 28.3 4 -2 18European Union (25) 2212 11.4 7 20 8 European Union (25) 15815 17.9 8 11 9China 542 2.8 24 37 39 Mexico 8811 10.0 8 12 14Mexico 462 2.4 14 21 11 China 3464 3.9 22 32 22Brazil 426 2.2 9 15 2 Brazil 3306 3.8 10 21 16

Above 5 15499 80.2 6 10 7 Above 5 56346 63.9 7 6 15

Thailand 348 1.8 4 9 -1 Chile 3136 3.6 9 11 15Chile 340 1.8 15 24 22 Thailand 2729 3.1 0 14 5Australia 323 1.7 4 -6 -8 Australia 2638 3.0 11 9 17New Zealand 283 1.5 12 6 2 Indonesia 2343 2.7 10 22 27Indonesia 188 1.0 14 18 24 New Zealand 2007 2.3 10 5 23

Colombia 178 0.9 2 22 2 Colombia 1393 1.6 1 12 9Costa Rica 135 0.7 11 34 -1 India 1296 1.5 3 8 11India 131 0.7 9 25 18 Ecuador 1234 1.4 6 10 0South Africa 131 0.7 11 17 20 Costa Rica 1091 1.2 0 7 -2Viet Nam 114 0.6 20 26 68 Viet Nam 1029 1.2 17 22 -2

Guatemala 109 0.6 2 12 31 Guatemala 931 1.1 3 11 2Argentina 96 0.5 -4 21 -8 Philippines 877 1.0 5 13 11Malaysia 95 0.5 11 5 61 Argentina 832 0.9 0 -5 16Peru 90 0.5 13 10 15 Malaysia 820 0.9 14 33 48Russian Federation 90 0.5 15 46 23 Japan 714 0.8 0 2 7

Côte d'Ivoire 85 0.4 25 63 21 Peru 579 0.7 16 12 25Korea, Republic of 84 0.4 14 11 24 Honduras 569 0.6 4 -2 16Ecuador 83 0.4 2 2 -11 Korea, Republic of 538 0.6 7 12 10Uruguay 75 0.4 10 767 -4 Côte d'Ivoire 527 0.6 15 45 20Philippines 68 0.4 11 6 24 Dominican Republic 506 0.6 2 5 -1

Japan 63 0.3 4 7 7 Taipei, Chinese 450 0.5 -3 -3 11Taipei, Chinese 58 0.3 7 4 12 Uruguay 411 0.5 41 125 182Switzerland 54 0.3 9 7 23 Russian Federation 391 0.4 1 -6 3Turkey 40 0.2 15 19 25 Turkey 389 0.4 9 21 6Morocco 39 0.2 -2 5 -2 Nicaragua 281 0.3 4 2 25

Honduras 35 0.2 34 -13 35 South Africa 279 0.3 2 18 14Norway 34 0.2 -9 -35 -8 Israel 254 0.3 16 28 13Hong Kong, China 33 0.2 -1 3 0 Switzerland 241 0.3 1 17 14Nigeria 32 0.2 59 140 167 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 206 0.2 -4 1 45Nicaragua 26 0.1 19 25 160 Norway 190 0.2 -3 2 -9

Dominican Republic 23 0.1 30 -6 35 Bangladesh 188 0.2 5 -3 109Iran, Islamic Rep. of 21 0.1 1 71 -13 Iceland 184 0.2 -3 -12 5Israel 20 0.1 19 23 25 Panama 157 0.2 0 8 -5Jamaica 18 0.1 -6 11 -10 Madagascar 141 0.2 35 48 -23Madagascar 15 0.1 65 400 50 Singapore 130 0.1 -2 22 -11

Above 40 19056 98.6 - - - Above 40 86027 97.6 - - -

Table IV.7 (continued)

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

European Union (25) Japan

2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Region Region

World 373779 100.0 10 22 13 World 65427 100.0 1 6 12

Europe 280338 75.0 11 24 13 Asia 27126 41.5 3 4 18

South and Central America 30566 8.2 11 21 16 North America 21804 33.3 -2 6 4

Asia 22685 6.1 8 20 16 Europe 8485 13.0 4 9 13

Africa 16709 4.5 10 21 8 South and Central America 4509 6.9 4 5 22

North America 15702 4.2 0 9 5 CIS 1991 3.0 1 18 16

CIS 5029 1.3 8 1 11 Africa 1411 2.2 0 6 5

Middle East 2304 0.6 8 14 20 Middle East 101 0.2 -5 3 13

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 266113 71.2 11 24 13 United States 16111 24.6 -3 8 -1Brazil 12748 3.4 13 24 20 China 8501 13.0 5 4 19United States 11474 3.1 0 7 3 European Union (25) 7466 11.4 5 11 14Argentina 6098 1.6 12 18 11 Australia 5381 8.2 7 8 38Canada 3665 1.0 -1 18 13 Canada 5167 7.9 0 1 18

Above 5 300098 80.3 11 23 12 Above 5 42626 65.2 1 7 12

China 3646 1.0 10 29 21 Thailand 3083 4.7 2 7 1Norway 3388 0.9 3 10 9 Russian Federation 1969 3.0 1 18 18Turkey 3350 0.9 14 21 27 Brazil 1746 2.7 10 5 39Russian Federation 3206 0.9 6 8 11 Chile 1665 2.5 4 10 24Indonesia 2936 0.8 9 16 21 Korea, Republic of 1582 2.4 -5 -2 10

South Africa 2657 0.7 13 19 8 Indonesia 1518 2.3 -1 2 1New Zealand 2623 0.7 11 20 9 Taipei, Chinese 1435 2.2 4 6 14Switzerland 2541 0.7 11 21 20 New Zealand 1343 2.1 2 5 21Australia 2537 0.7 6 3 18 Viet Nam 973 1.5 12 16 22Chile 2517 0.7 14 22 23 Malaysia 930 1.4 -2 0 15

Côte d'Ivoire 2499 0.7 10 31 -9 Philippines 909 1.4 3 4 14Malaysia 2428 0.6 13 35 19 South Africa 679 1.0 10 17 14Thailand 2289 0.6 5 27 13 India 577 0.9 -10 -15 28Morocco 1871 0.5 13 20 11 Norway 547 0.8 -4 -14 5India 1849 0.5 6 17 18 Mexico 525 0.8 4 3 19

Ecuador 1472 0.4 14 23 10 Singapore 250 0.4 -4 5 16Colombia 1428 0.4 5 17 12 Colombia 213 0.3 -1 -10 28Iceland 1330 0.4 10 14 10 Peru 185 0.3 13 -16 26Costa Rica 1312 0.4 12 22 14 Argentina 158 0.2 -10 12 -37Israel 1195 0.3 8 15 23 Ecuador 143 0.2 -10 -1 -5

Ukraine 1067 0.3 23 -18 17 Turkey 132 0.2 15 44 35Ghana 1065 0.3 21 28 28 Iceland 117 0.2 -5 17 8Cameroon 1009 0.3 6 37 -1 Mauritania 112 0.2 9 92 42Kenya 980 0.3 9 15 17 Sri Lanka 103 0.2 -4 18 -5Viet Nam 946 0.3 13 49 27 Ghana 99 0.2 22 67 -12

Peru 875 0.2 8 18 12 Panama 93 0.1 34 36 -10Romania 815 0.2 16 38 25 Myanmar 92 0.1 4 8 29Tunisia 793 0.2 21 36 139 Papua New Guinea 88 0.1 -10 5 -3Bulgaria 633 0.2 20 3 25 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 84 0.1 -8 -31 -7Uruguay 622 0.2 18 17 23 Ethiopia 74 0.1 6 8 63

Philippines 579 0.2 9 17 1 Guatemala 73 0.1 -4 -11 18Mexico 559 0.1 5 9 7 Morocco 72 0.1 -30 -32 -59Japan 534 0.1 5 4 20 Greenland 66 0.1 -9 15 -6Serbia and Montenegro 515 0.1 25 1 20 Switzerland 57 0.1 10 14 14Iran, Islamic Rep. of 510 0.1 2 7 16 Croatia 56 0.1 32 17 -2

Above 40 358674 96.0 - - - Above 40 64374 98.4 - - -

Table IV.8

Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2004

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 344.52 - - 41.5 44.0 11 9 21 13

extra-EU (25) exports 78.41 - - 10.1 10.0 9 9 16 12

United States 79.57 17.0 14.3 12.9 10.2 3 -2 11 4

Canada 40.10 5.0 5.4 6.3 5.1 4 -3 3 19

Brazil 30.85 3.4 2.4 2.8 3.9 19 4 26 27

China 24.12 1.5 2.4 3.0 3.1 10 13 18 9

Australia 22.10 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.8 8 3 -5 35

Argentina 17.08 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.2 9 0 24 13

Thailand a 16.27 1.2 1.9 2.2 2.1 7 0 25 8

Russian Federation a 13.84 - - 1.4 1.8 15 17 21 25

Malaysia 13.13 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.7 13 27 26 14

Indonesia 12.37 1.6 1.0 1.4 1.6 12 28 10 24

New Zealand 12.16 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 12 4 14 24

Mexico a 11.36 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.5 6 2 12 14

Chile 9.12 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.2 9 -6 14 22

India a 8.96 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.1 10 12 13 13

Above 15 655.55 - - 83.5 83.7 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 373.78 - - 42.4 44.6 10 8 22 13

extra-EU (25) imports 107.67 - - 13.3 12.9 8 4 17 13

United States 88.11 8.7 9.0 11.6 10.5 6 5 8 14

Japan 65.43 9.6 11.5 10.4 7.8 1 -3 6 12

China 42.28 2.1 1.8 3.3 5.1 21 9 40 39

Canada b 19.37 1.8 2.0 2.6 2.3 6 5 10 8

Korea, Republic of 16.04 1.5 2.2 2.2 1.9 6 8 6 11

Mexico a, b 15.44 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.8 9 4 9 11

Hong Kong, China 11.18 1.1.2 1.1.9 2.2.0 1.1.3 -1 -2 0 3

retained imports 7.07 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 2 0 1 9

Taipei, Chinese 9.01 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.1 3 3 10 13

Switzerland 7.87 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.9 8 7 20 9

India a 7.27 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.9 16 5 27 13

Malaysia 7.03 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 11 4 2 37

Indonesia 6.64 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.8 4 -2 3 22

Thailand a 6.43 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 10 5 12 12

Above 15 687.92 - - 83.2 82.7 - - - -

b Imports are valued f.o.b.

- - - -

Table IV.9

Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 414723 I 552185 586252 682137 783103 8.8 8.8

Argentina 7482 11933 12157 15133 17082 45.3 49.6Australia 11628 16446 17276 16337 22101 26.6 22.8Bangladesh 329 426 395 414 571 6.7 7.0Belize 99 166 66 174 ... 76.3 85.0Bolivia 245 457 466 522 650 31.4 28.8Brazil 9779 15467 19176 24205 30853 28.1 32.0Bulgaria ... 605 832 940 1242 12.6 12.5Cameroon 723 659 720 886 1066 36.0 42.8Canada 22339 34789 32644 33694 40100 12.6 12.7Chile 2779 6399 6561 7466 9124 33.3 28.5

China 10060 16384 18796 22158 24121 6.6 4.1Colombia b 2514 3121 2917 3003 3424 23.9 21.1Costa Rica b 927 I 1812 1718 1926 2239 30.9 35.6Côte d'Ivoire 2374 2308 3321 3562 ... 59.4 64.8Ecuador 1236 1948 2483 2798 2785 39.5 36.5Egypt b 669 613 798 945 1095 13.1 14.3El Salvador b 237 577 413 434 470 19.6 14.3Ethiopia 260 I 406 347 451 ... 83.5 88.0European Union (25) - 229313 251063 304570 344523 9.4 9.3

intra-EU (25) exports - 173280 190711 234516 266113 10.5 10.6extra-EU (25) exports - 56033 60352 70054 78410 7.1 6.5

Guatemala 849 1622 1279 1345 ... 60.2 51.0

Honduras b 680 782 587 640 736 57.1 47.9Hong Kong, China 4556 5693 4864 4788 4634 2.8 1.7

domestic exports 821 454 416 446 517 1.9 2.6re-exports 3735 5240 4448 4342 4116 2.9 1.7

Iceland 1274 1257 1456 1550 1778 66.5 61.4India b 3506 6401 7025 7935 8964 14.1 11.6Indonesia 4154 7764 9020 9942 12366 11.9 17.1Iran, Islamic Rep. of b 601 932 1164 1575 1687 3.3 3.8Israel b 1327 1182 1582 1819 1520 3.8 3.9Japan 3298 4395 4472 4817 5468 0.9 1.0Kenya 559 1062 1416 1358 1387 61.3 51.5Korea, Republic of 2985 4298 3924 4324 4984 2.5 2.0

Madagascar 224 298 414 453 ... 36.5 59.2Malaysia 7500 8015 9134 11511 13127 8.2 10.4Mauritius 396 283 476 485 550 18.2 27.5Mexico b 3466 9100 8936 9978 11358 5.5 6.0Morocco b 1228 I 1746 1809 2039 1861 23.5 19.1New Zealand 5966 7642 8552 9778 12157 57.6 59.7Nicaragua 295 547 459 468 628 84.8 83.0Norway 3077 4244 4363 4509 5007 7.1 6.1Pakistan 1081 1234 1209 1470 1570 13.7 11.7Paraguay b 863 699 801 1066 1406 80.4 86.5

Peru 813 1911 1962 2003 2676 27.2 21.3Philippines b 1683 2026 1980 2385 2569 5.1 6.5Romania 184 829 881 1111 1381 8.0 5.9Russian Federation b - 7855 9111 11047 13836 7.4 7.5Singapore 4095 3723 3361 3247 3835 2.7 2.1

South Africa 1691 I 2366 2600 3285 3619 7.9 7.9Sri Lanka b 758 1093 1060 1123 1199 20.1 20.8Sudan 367 395 369 407 ... 21.9 16.0Switzerland 2244 2521 2626 3074 3661 3.1 3.1Taipei, Chinese 3732 3509 3441 3750 4346 2.4 2.5

Tanzania ... 432 459 551 618 65.9 42.2Thailand b 7786 12242 12021 15081 16266 17.7 16.7Tunisia 418 548 517 619 1130 9.4 11.7Turkey 3300 3828 3978 5257 6501 13.8 10.3Ukraine b - 1585 2665 3100 3920 10.9 12.0United States 59404 71408 68757 76244 79567 9.1 9.7Uruguay 1025 1278 1140 1401 1862 55.7 63.1Viet Nam b ... 3954 4631 5650 ... 27.4 28.0Zimbabwe b 754 1146 828 795 885 59.6 58.2

a Or nearest year.b Includes Secretariat estimates.

Table IV.10

Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04

Share in economy's totalValue merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 2766 2815 3363 3361 4362 30.8 24.0Argentina 326 1509 633 927 1144 6.0 5.1Australia b 2707 4234 4077 5180 5930 5.9 5.6Bangladesh 835 1923 1838 2108 2364 21.7 19.7Belarus - 1227 1403 1607 2001 14.2 12.2Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 986 1970 1635 1613 2435 12.2 16.2Bosnia and Herzegovina - ... ... 702 1047 17.7Brazil 2690 5162 4151 4517 4446 8.8 6.7Cameroon 315 294 359 415 481 19.7 20.0Canada b 9009 15272 16296 17991 19374 6.4 7.1

Chile 461 1421 1404 1642 1922 7.7 7.7China 7855 19544 21848 30482 42279 8.7 7.5Colombia 593 1736 1833 1899 2149 15.0 12.8Croatia - 777 1125 1414 1624 9.9 9.8Dominican Republic c 413 1093 1179 998 1066 11.5 13.6Egypt c 4793 4208 4048 3221 3511 30.0 27.4El Salvador c 158 692 789 869 943 14.0 15.0European Union (25) d - 252289 272588 332089 373779 9.9 9.9

extra-EU (25) imports - 79112 81812 95654 107666 8.6 8.4Ghana 123 444 596 570 900 14.9 22.1Guatemala 196 673 888 931 ... 13.8 13.9

Honduras c 108 511 522 599 647 17.9 16.5Hong Kong, China 8325 11728 10855 10814 11183 5.5 4.1

retained imports 4591 6488 6407 6472 7067 18.6 25.9India c 1721 3900 5069 6426 7265 7.6 7.5Indonesia 2126 5727 5269 5438 6638 13.1 12.1Iran, Islamic Rep. of c 3830 2943 2370 3216 3634 21 10.5Israel 1565 2288 2320 2486 2920 6.4 7.1Jamaica c 314 544 591 520 ... 16.3 14.3Japan 50762 62185 55089 58457 65427 16.4 14.4Jordan 709 942 928 1089 1500 20.5 18.5Kenya 260 474 443 496 572 15.3 12.6

Korea, Republic of 9531 12837 13543 14421 16036 8.0 7.1Kuwait 589 1312 ... ... ... 18.3 16.1Lebanon c ... 1210 1313 1404 1740 19.4 18.5Madagascar 71 133 81 183 ... 14.1 16.8Malaysia 2404 4610 5017 5139 7027 5.6 6.7Mauritius 255 346 457 464 551 16.5 19.8Mexico b, c 5374 10989 12693 13850 15440 6.3 7.8Morocco 1096 I 1941 2054 2041 2478 16.8 14.1Nepal 126 240 ... 394 ... 15.2 22.5New Zealand 756 1204 1429 1668 1855 8.7 8.0

Nigeria 658 1212 1804 2398 ... 20.8 16.1Norway 2090 2956 3304 3823 4319 8.6 9.0Oman 506 1158 1298 1188 1213 23.0 13.7Pakistan 1568 1882 1854 2116 2886 17.3 16.1Peru 668 998 1148 1214 1481 13.5 14.7Philippines c 1665 3104 3023 3158 3441 8.4 8.1Romania 1249 1092 1369 1981 2422 8.4 7.4Russian Federation c - 8831 11936 14109 16171 19.8 16.8Saudi Arabia 3487 5663 5513 6259 ... 18.7 16.9Senegal 494 394 546 750 ... 25.9 31.4

Singapore 4702 4890 4673 4776 5287 3.6 3.2retained imports 1789 2369 2560 2956 3223 3.1 3.9

South Africa b 1219 I 1650 1693 2199 2980 6.2 6.2Sri Lanka c 549 934 921 948 1032 13.0 6.5Switzerland 5920 5693 6036 7216 7867 6.9 7.0Syrian Arab Republic 791 850 859 1185 ... 22.3Taipei, Chinese 6203 7899 7209 7959 9010 5.6 5.4Thailand c 3230 4473 5085 5719 6433 7.2 6.7Tunisia 819 968 1244 1225 1440 11.3 11.3Turkey 2806 4133 3981 5265 6059 7.6 6.2Ukraine c - 1092 1308 2467 2235 7.8 7.7United Arab Emirates 1726 2962 3400 3608 ... 11.1 9.1

United States 39966 69115 71515 77273 88112 5.5 5.8Viet Nam 236 1269 1834 ... ... 8.1 9.3

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes Secretariat estimates.d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

3. Fuels and mining products

Chart IV.4

Regional shares in world trade in fuels and mining products, 2004 (Percentage)

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Exports

Imports

Table IV.11

World trade in fuels and mining products, 2004

Value 1281

1980-85 -5

1985-90 3

1990-95 2

1995-00 10

2000-04 10

2002 0

2003 23

2004 32

Table IV.12

Major regional flows in world exports offuels and mining products, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Middle East to Asia 170.9 8 29 27

Intra-Asia 152.9 11 21 34

to Europe 87.4 12 24 29

Africa to Europe 48.6 5 17 19

South and Central America to

North America 34.7 2 0 40

Table IV.13Share of fuels and mining products in trade intotal merchandise and in primary products byregion, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of mining products in total merchandise

World 14.4 14.4

North America 10.0 13.9

South and Central America 33.0 18.0

Europe 7.5 11.7

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 53.5 12.1

Africa 59.1 12.3

Middle East 74.6 6.2

Asia 7.7 19.4

Share of fuels and mining products in primary products

World 62.1 62.1

Europe 45.2 54.6

Africa 83.0 46.0

Asia 56.3 69.8

Table IV.14

Exports of fuels and mining products by region, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 1280.6 . . 100.0 100.0 10 23 32

Europe . . . . . . . .

World 302.9 100.0 100.0 23.6 23.7 10 22 26 Europe 243.7 79.8 80.5 18.8 19.0 11 22 25 North America 30.0 11.0 9.9 2.6 2.3 7 15 31 Asia 10.9 3.5 3.6 0.8 0.9 11 14 31 Africa 5.3 1.6 1.8 0.4 0.4 12 26 44 Middle East 3.6 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.3 20 34 56 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.8 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 10 22 29 South and Central America 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.1 3 -2 18

Middle East . . . . . . . .

World 290.9 100.0 100.0 23.7 22.7 9 24 32 Asia 170.9 61.3 58.7 14.5 13.3 8 29 27 Europe 40.3 16.5 13.9 3.9 3.2 4 21 31 North America 36.3 12.2 12.5 2.9 2.8 10 33 29 Africa 9.0 3.9 3.1 0.9 0.7 3 16 33 Middle East 3.6 2.1 1.2 0.5 0.3 -4 11 4 South and Central America 2.3 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 10 1 54 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -3 23 0

Asia . . . . . . . .

World 184.4 100.0 100.0 14.4 14.4 10 20 34 Asia 152.9 80.7 82.9 11.6 11.9 11 21 34 Europe 11.8 6.2 6.4 0.9 0.9 11 25 32 North America 9.1 6.2 4.9 0.9 0.7 4 1 49 Middle East 3.2 0.9 1.7 0.1 0.3 29 15 32 South and Central America 1.9 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 0 1 49 Africa 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.1 14 38 32 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 23 19 79

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) . . . . . . . .

World 142.2 100.0 100.0 9.9 11.1 13 27 35 Europe 87.4 64.3 61.5 6.3 6.8 12 24 29 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 19.0 14.2 13.4 1.4 1.5 12 8 38 Asia 12.1 7.4 8.5 0.7 0.9 17 46 42 North America 11.7 7.2 8.2 0.7 0.9 17 50 45 South and Central America 4.5 5.6 3.1 0.6 0.3 -2 -1 40 Middle East 2.9 0.8 2.0 0.1 0.2 44 62 50 Africa 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.1 57 4 289

Africa . . . . . . . .

World 137.0 100.0 100.0 10.0 10.7 12 28 44 Europe 48.6 46.5 35.5 4.6 3.8 5 17 19 North America 36.7 25.3 26.8 2.5 2.9 14 57 45 Asia 25.4 17.3 18.6 1.7 2.0 14 27 69 Africa 7.9 4.7 5.8 0.5 0.6 18 30 39 South and Central America 6.0 3.6 4.4 0.4 0.5 18 37 91 Middle East 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 -5 14 28 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13 165 -28

North America . . . . . . . .

World 132.1 100.0 100.0 10.8 10.3 9 25 26 North America 99.1 75.4 75.0 8.2 7.7 9 27 25 Asia 13.6 9.5 10.3 1.0 1.1 11 24 38 Europe 12.4 9.8 9.4 1.1 1.0 8 -2 42 South and Central America 6.0 4.3 4.5 0.5 0.5 10 54 6 Middle East 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 6 4 6 Africa 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.0 -3 17 14 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 29 81

South and Central America . . . . . . . .

World 91.2 100.0 100.0 7.6 7.1 8 14 41 North America 34.7 47.3 38.1 3.6 2.7 2 0 40 South and Central America 21.6 24.1 23.7 1.8 1.7 8 29 31 Europe 17.0 14.4 18.6 1.1 1.3 15 21 49 All other regions 17.9 14.2 19.7 1.1 1.4 17 23 48

Middle East

Commonwealthof Independent

States (CIS)

Africa

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Chart IV.5

Regional shares in world trade in fuels

(Percentage)

3.1 Fuels

Table IV.15

World trade in fuels, 2004

Value 993

1980-85 -5

1985-90 0

1990-95 1

1995-00 12

2000-04 10

2002 0

2003 24

2004 31

Table IV.16

Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2004

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Middle East to Asia 167.8 8 29 27

Intra-Asia 103.7 10 20 31

to Europe 74.7 15 25 27

Africa to Europe 42.6 4 17 17

Table IV.17

Share of fuels in trade in total merchandiseand in primary products by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of fuels in total merchandise

11.1 11.1

7.1 11.7

20.2 15.6

5.0 8.5

43.9 9.8

51.9 10.2

73.0 4.3

5.1 14.7

Share of fuels in primary products

48.1 48.1

35.9 58.1

32.7 57.0

29.9 39.6

70.2 37.9

72.9 37.9

94.7 24.8

37.0 53.0

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

Africa

Middle East

Table IV.18

Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 330067 100.0 27 25 World 216377 100.0 34 33

Europe 147451 44.7 28 22 North America 70068 32.4 36 21

CIS 71143 21.6 32 32 South and Central America 41891 19.4 24 39

Africa 45057 13.7 25 20 Africa 36751 17.0 63 50

Middle East 36564 11.1 18 35 Middle East 35139 16.2 36 30

North America 5943 1.8 1 64 Europe 21267 9.8 14 33

Asia 5649 1.7 25 51 CIS 5654 2.6 68 46

South and Central America 3966 1.2 -2 32 Asia 5607 2.6 5 54

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 104790 31.7 29 18 Canada 49709 23.0 39 18

Russian Federation 59456 18.0 33 27 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 23646 10.9 17 46

Norway 39744 12.0 27 34 Saudi Arabia 21806 10.1 41 16

Saudi Arabia 16831 5.1 33 38 Mexico 20359 9.4 28 27

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 16294 4.9 37 36 Nigeria 17064 7.9 76 57

Algeria 13632 4.1 19 13 European Union (25) 16381 7.6 29 36

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8763 2.7 53 28 Iraq 9053 4.2 29 84

Kazakhstan 6730 2.0 23 95 Algeria 7901 3.7 99 56

Nigeria 5636 1.7 49 -7 Russian Federation 4961 2.3 69 38

South Africa 3163 1.0 21 48 Angola 4755 2.2 37 6

Above 10 275038 83.3 - - Above 10 175636 81.2 - -

Region Region

World 99469 100.0 24 23 World 47993 100.0 51 64

Asia 31819 32.0 19 18 Asia 13688 28.5 43 45

Africa 2915 2.9 0 69 Africa 10136 21.1 63 105

North America 2024 2.0 2 45 CIS 4698 9.8 64 96

CIS 1468 1.5 116 61 South and Central America 997 2.1 1731 138

Europe 185 0.2 81 -48 Europe 818 1.7 -46 99

South and Central America 60 0.1 64 12 North America 494 1.0 77 91

Suppliers Suppliers

United Arab Emirates 18093 18.2 24 28 Saudi Arabia 5427 11.3 53 44

Saudi Arabia 18084 18.2 25 27 Angola 4717 9.8 103 114

Indonesia 9115 9.2 24 11 Oman 4271 8.9 37 116

Australia 8402 8.4 8 28 Russian Federation 4188 8.7 63 100

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8201 8.2 58 11 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 3983 8.3 43 34

Qatar 7829 7.9 24 21 Korea, Republic of 3212 6.7 47 65

Kuwait 5740 5.8 9 26 Singapore 2299 4.8 53 49

Malaysia 4092 4.1 26 5 Viet Nam 1730 3.6 16 98

China 3285 3.3 26 29 Sudan 1659 3.5 24 16

Korea, Republic of 2917 2.9 14 16 Yemen 1456 3.0 263 -6

Above 10 85757 86.2 - - Above 10 32944 68.6 - -

European Union (25) United States

ChinaJapan

Table IV.19

Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Argentina 333 860 426 478 922 3.4 4.1Australia b 2170 5898 5067 6557 9520 8.3 9.0Bahrain 1827 2107 1726 2130 2830 45.5 43.0Bangladesh 566 585 576 662 669 6.6 5.6Belarus - 2585 2334 3038 4525 29.9 27.7Bosnia and Herzegovina - ... ... 255 550 ... 9.3Brazil 6045 8872 7549 8014 12264 15.1 18.6Bulgaria ... 1680 270 428 570 25.8 3.9Canada b 7313 12481 10884 15116 19360 5.2 7.1Chile 1099 3014 2530 3315 4656 16.3 18.7

China 1259 20637 19285 29189 47993 9.2 8.6Costa Rica c 219 486 462 568 633 7.6 7.7Côte d'Ivoire ... 838 534 606 ... 30.1 17.1Croatia - 1145 1310 1555 1987 14.5 12.0Ecuador 38 281 289 669 799 7.5 10.2Egypt c 243 1063 499 563 1086 7.6 8.5El Salvador c 140 595 504 622 681 12.0 10.9European Union (25) d - 216323 208342 265064 330067 8.4 8.7

extra-EU (25) imports - 147397 139601 176344 225277 16.0 17.6Ghana ... 629 233 597 ... 21.2 18.6Guatemala 278 620 771 921 ... 12.7 13.7

Honduras c 153 382 401 460 ... 13.4 14.0Hong Kong, China 1996 4533 4141 4679 6418 2.1 2.4

retained imports 1567 4102 3838 4343 5977 11.8 21.9India c 6495 17839 19588 22424 33187 34.7 32.0Indonesia 1937 6071 6558 7664 8221 13.9 15.0Israel 1354 3587 3118 3759 4696 10.0 11.5Jamaica 380 586 628 ... ... 17.6 17.8Japan 56777 77425 65636 81165 99469 20.4 21.9Jordan 471 194 762 933 1565 4.2 19.3Kazakhstan - 572 658 922 ... 11.3 11.0Kenya 424 642 513 802 1109 20.7 24.3

Korea, Republic of 11023 38077 32442 38630 50279 23.7 22.4Lebanon c ... 1029 926 1121 2065 16.5 22.0Malaysia 1487 3940 3781 4610 6615 4.8 6.3Mauritius 132 244 224 260 364 11.7 13.1Mexico b, c 1125 5232 4448 5684 8098 3.0 4.1Morocco 1168 2039 1839 2216 2942 17.7 16.7Nepal 50 236 ... 281 ... 15.0 16.0New Zealand c 727 1446 1405 1738 2460 10.4 10.6Nicaragua 121 307 236 287 446 17.0 20.2Norway 1178 1193 1214 1769 2059 3.5 4.3

Pakistan 1529 3598 3004 3070 3903 33.1 21.7Panama c 244 627 520 366 522 18.6 14.8Paraguay c 192 297 280 385 481 13.5 18.1Peru 327 1156 1034 1457 1886 15.6 18.7Philippines c 1943 4095 3273 3990 5659 11.1 13.4Romania 2906 1583 1992 2619 3885 12.1 11.9Russian Federation c - 1542 1118 1412 1760 3.5 1.8Serbia and Montenegro - 745 1070 728 ... 20.1 9.2Singapore 9632 16219 15204 17329 24321 12.1 14.8

retained imports 9545 16106 13869 15789 22907 21.3 27.7South Africa b 88 3826 3269 4105 6886 14.4 14.4

Sri Lanka c 333 551 836 737 1130 7.7 7.1Switzerland 3155 3747 3509 4193 5275 4.5 4.7Taipei, Chinese 5953 13030 11648 15203 21499 9.3 12.9Tanzania ... 294 197 406 417 19.2 16.7Thailand c 3084 7549 8682 9009 13370 12.2 14.0Trinidad and Tobago 143 1068 1012 1014 ... 32.3 26.1Tunisia 493 902 888 692 1377 10.5 10.8Turkey 4622 9501 9026 11575 14407 17.4 14.8Ukraine c - 5997 6652 7856 10160 43.0 35.0United States 68741 139622 121927 163252 216377 11.1 14.2

Uruguay 254 530 294 481 735 15.3 23.6Viet Nam c ... 2113 2165 2430 3570 13.5 15.0

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes Secretariat estimates.d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

4. Manufactures

Chart IV.6

Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2004

(Percentage)

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.20

World trade in manufactures, 2004

Value 6570

1980-85 2

1985-90 15

1990-95 9

1995-00 5

2000-04 9

2002 5

2003 16

2004 20

Table IV.22

Share of manufactures in total merchandise tradeby region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

World 73.8 73.8

Europe 80.2 75.3

Africa 25.1 71.0

Asia 83.6 69.9

Table IV.21

Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures,2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra- Europe 2333.7 11 20 18

Intra-Asia 931.2 10 21 25

Asia to North America 497.6 5 8 20

Asia to Europe 375.6 10 24 26

Europe to

Table IV.23

Exports of manufactures by region, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 6570.3 . . 100.0 100.0 9 16 20

Europe . . . . . . . .

World 3231.7 100.0 100.0 45.3 49.2 11 19 18 Europe 2333.7 72.1 72.2 32.7 35.5 11 20 18North America 314.8 11.2 9.7 5.1 4.8 7 10 13Asia 273.9 8.2 8.5 3.7 4.2 12 20 22Middle East 92.8 2.4 2.9 1.1 1.4 16 22 24Africa 81.2 2.4 2.5 1.1 1.2 12 21 19Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 76.7 1.3 2.4 0.6 1.2 30 32 38South and Central America 45.5 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.7 3 2 21

Asia . . . . . . . .

World 1997.5 100.0 100.0 29.8 30.4 9 18 25 Asia 931.2 44.9 46.6 13.4 14.2 10 21 25North America 497.6 29.4 24.9 8.7 7.6 5 8 20Europe 375.6 18.6 18.8 5.5 5.7 10 24 26Middle East 62.1 2.5 3.1 0.7 0.9 16 22 24Africa 36.4 1.3 1.8 0.4 0.6 20 28 45South and Central America 34.0 1.9 1.7 0.6 0.5 7 6 41Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 22.5 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.3 39 74 51

North America . . . . . . . .

World 1008.7 100.0 100.0 20.5 15.4 1 3 14 North America 555.5 55.5 55.1 11.4 8.5 1 2 12Asia 188.6 18.8 18.7 3.9 2.9 1 5 13Europe 176.0 17.4 17.4 3.6 2.7 1 6 14South and Central America 54.8 5.7 5.4 1.2 0.8 0 -3 22Middle East 20.1 1.6 2.0 0.3 0.3 7 2 23Africa 9.8 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.1 6 0 29Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.8 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 14 -2 30

South and Central America . . . . . . . .

World 100.2 100.0 100.0 1.5 1.5 9 12 29 North America 43.9 44.8 43.8 0.7 0.7 8 5 23South and Central America 31.8 34.6 31.7 0.5 0.5 6 11 39Europe 14.0 13.7 13.9 0.2 0.2 9 14 40Asia 7.0 5.0 7.0 0.1 0.1 18 45 10Africa 2.2 1.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 27 43 42Middle East 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 25 18 18Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 55 71 59

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) . . . . . . . .

World 87.9 100.0 100.0 0.9 1.3 19 33 39 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 27.8 30.2 31.7 0.3 0.4 21 43 41Europe 27.5 32.5 31.3 0.3 0.4 18 30 42Asia 15.8 17.7 18.0 0.2 0.2 20 17 28North America 5.9 8.3 6.7 0.1 0.1 13 23 62Middle East 4.9 5.4 5.6 0.1 0.1 21 15 44Africa 2.3 2.9 2.7 0.0 0.0 17 30 15South and Central America 1.6 2.4 1.8 0.0 0.0 11 58 10

Middle East . . . . . . . .

World 86.1 100.0 100.0 1.1 1.3 13 11 22 Europe 20.7 27.2 24.0 0.3 0.3 9 16 29Asia 20.0 19.2 23.2 0.2 0.3 18 24 34North America 17.2 28.9 19.9 0.3 0.3 3 7 10Middle East 14.1 14.6 16.4 0.2 0.2 16 10 -2Africa 3.8 4.1 4.4 0.0 0.1 15 17 15South and Central America 1.1 1.8 1.3 0.0 0.0 5 -5 46Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 13 36 6

Africa . . . . . . . .

World 58.1 100.0 100.0 0.8 0.9 12 24 20 Europe 33.0 58.8 56.8 0.5 0.5 11 28 19Africa 9.8 16.6 16.9 0.1 0.1 12 17 16Asia 6.6 10.2 11.4 0.1 0.1 15 31 23North America 5.1 8.8 8.9 0.1 0.1 12 19 17Middle East 1.5 3.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 7 4 13South and Central America 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 6 15 33Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 4 14 21

Table IV.24

Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union (25) and China by region, 2004

Exports Imports

Annual percentage Annual percentageValue Share change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 20042004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

United States

668.7 100.0 100.0 1 3 13 World

250.0 38.0 37.4 0 3 12 North America

47.5 7.5 7.1 -1 -2 19 South and Central America

12.5 2.2 1.9 -3 -11 24 Brazil

160.3 24.0 24.0 1 5 13 Europe

150.0 22.4 22.4 1 5 13 European Union (25)

3.5 0.3 0.5 13 -7 30 CIS2.1 0.2 0.3 10 4 14 Russian Federation

9.1 1.1 1.4 6 -2 29 Africa

19.0 2.3 2.8 6 2 23 Middle East

179.1 26.8 26.8 1 5 13 Asia

24.3 1.9 3.6 18 13 22 China

39.1 7.2 5.8 -4 1 6 Japan

85.6 13.6 12.8 -1 4 15 Six East Asian traders

European Union (25)

3014.4 100.0 100.0 11 19 18 World

293.0 11.1 9.7 7 9 12 North America

42.9 1.9 1.4 3 3 22 South and Central America

15.8 0.7 0.5 3 -7 27 Brazil

2187.3 72.5 72.6 11 20 17 Europe

1983.0 66.3 65.8 11 19 16 European Union (25)

71.4 1.2 2.4 30 32 38 CIS49.2 0.8 1.6 31 31 38 Russian Federation

77.0 2.5 2.6 12 21 19 Africa

83.4 2.3 2.8 16 22 23 Middle East

254.2 8.1 8.4 12 20 22 Asia

54.0 1.1 1.8 26 41 27 China

44.8 1.7 1.5 7 13 17 Japan

90.2 3.3 3.0 8 13 20 Six East Asian traders

China a

542.4 100.0 100.0 25 36 37 World

133.3 24.6 24.6 25 32 36 North America

11.9 2.5 2.2 21 30 55 South and Central America

3.1 0.5 0.6 28 46 75 Brazil

108.2 18.3 20.0 28 51 38 Europe

101.3 17.1 18.7 28 50 37 European Union (25)

12.8 1.3 2.4 45 88 52 CIS8.4 0.9 1.5 43 78 56 Russian Federation

12.7 2.0 2.3 30 49 38 Africa

16.1 2.5 3.0 30 36 32 Middle East

247.3 48.8 45.6 23 30 35 Asia

60.8 15.0 11.2 16 24 23 Japan

152.1 27.9 28.0 25 32 38 Six East Asian traders

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 9 percent of its manufacture imports. For further information, see box 2.

Value Share change

1133.9 100.0 100.0 4 6 15

278.4 27.2 24.6 1 1 12

39.2 3.1 3.5 7 8 18

15.6 1.0 1.4 13 6 26

259.3 21.6 22.9 5 9 11

240.8 20.2 21.2 5 9 11

5.7 0.4 0.5 8 17 474.3 0.3 0.4 13 22 42

6.9 0.4 0.6 16 22 24

17.4 1.5 1.5 4 8 14

527.0 45.7 46.5 4 7 17

202.5 10.7 17.9 18 22 29

127.9 14.9 11.3 -3 -3 10

145.2 15.3 12.8 0 2 13

2839.0 100.0 100.0 10 19 18

193.0 9.4 6.8 1 5 10

20.0 0.7 0.7 11 24 23

8.9 0.3 0.3 8 23 27

2124.0 72.4 74.8 11 20 17

1983.0 68.0 69.8 11 20 17

21.0 0.5 0.7 19 37 4212.9 0.4 0.5 16 37 39

33.1 1.1 1.2 11 28 15

19.4 0.7 0.7 10 19 29

425.7 14.6 15.0 11 25 22

150.7 3.3 5.3 24 41 32

89.5 4.3 3.2 2 17 13

128.7 5.0 4.5 7 19 21

428.3 100.0 100.0 26 39 30

37.4 11.8 8.7 17 17 26

3.1 0.3 0.7 53 113 5

1.7 0.2 0.4 48 132 -2

69.2 17.5 16.2 24 39 27

64.9 16.5 15.1 23 39 27

5.9 1.9 1.4 16 17 -74.0 1.4 0.9 13 4 -12

1.5 0.2 0.3 37 67 33

3.8 0.7 0.9 36 37 47

307.4 67.6 71.8 28 42 33

89.6 23.1 20.9 23 40 26

163.2 37.3 38.1 27 38 33

Table IV.25

Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 2838977 100.0 19 18 World 1133889 100.0 6 15

Europe 2124013 74.8 20 17 Asia 526984 46.5 7 17

Asia 425665 15.0 25 22 North America 278450 24.6 1 12

Africa 33109 1.2 28 15 South and Central America 39205 3.5 8 18

CIS 21014 0.7 37 42 Middle East 17395 1.5 8 14

South and Central America 19981 0.7 24 23 Africa 6938 0.6 22 24

Middle East 19398 0.7 19 29 CIS 5653 0.5 17 47

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 1982991 69.8 20 17 European Union (25) 240761 21.2 9 11United States 173708 6.1 4 10 China 202543 17.9 22 29China 150714 5.3 41 32 Canada 158256 14.0 2 12Japan 89522 3.2 17 13 Japan 127920 11.3 -3 10Switzerland 67600 2.4 16 16 Mexico 120192 10.6 -1 11

Above 5 2464535 86.8 19 17 Above 5 849672 74.9 6 15

Korea, Republic of 36859 1.3 28 30 Korea, Republic of 45372 4.0 4 24Turkey 33693 1.2 33 32 Taipei, Chinese 34198 3.0 -2 9Taipei, Chinese 28889 1.0 15 16 Malaysia 26952 2.4 5 9Singapore 20680 0.7 26 27 Brazil 15575 1.4 6 26India 17356 0.6 24 27 Thailand 15503 1.4 0 18

Malaysia 16980 0.6 14 10 India 14550 1.3 11 20Romania 15492 0.5 35 25 Singapore 14193 1.3 3 0Thailand 13448 0.5 17 20 Israel 13926 1.2 4 14Russian Federation 12883 0.5 37 39 Switzerland 10587 0.9 14 8Norway 12715 0.4 22 13 Hong Kong, China 9002 0.8 -5 5

Canada 12423 0.4 16 7 Indonesia 8487 0.7 -6 9Hong Kong, China 11876 0.4 9 20 Philippines 8348 0.7 -10 -11South Africa 9503 0.3 32 20 Turkey 4608 0.4 10 35Brazil 8947 0.3 23 27 Viet Nam 4288 0.4 133 22Israel 8798 0.3 4 21 Russian Federation 4271 0.4 22 42

Indonesia 8411 0.3 10 7 Dominican Republic 3849 0.3 5 1Philippines 7682 0.3 -4 8 South Africa 3380 0.3 21 25Tunisia 6724 0.2 20 12 Australia 3357 0.3 0 23Morocco 5601 0.2 18 14 Honduras 3093 0.3 4 9Mexico 5540 0.2 26 9 Pakistan 3013 0.3 10 13

Viet Nam 5522 0.2 19 19 Bangladesh 2275 0.2 -3 7Ukraine 5158 0.2 39 55 Costa Rica 2245 0.2 8 -2Bangladesh 5064 0.2 35 30 Guatemala 2184 0.2 4 9United Arab Emirates 4525 0.2 87 54 Sri Lanka 2001 0.2 -1 7Bulgaria 4093 0.1 34 26 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1892 0.2 1 49

Pakistan 3844 0.1 24 19 Trinidad and Tobago 1887 0.2 56 41Croatia 3783 0.1 29 38 El Salvador 1885 0.2 2 0Australia 3343 0.1 18 8 Macao, China 1568 0.1 9 11Saudi Arabia 3085 0.1 2 29 Cambodia 1543 0.1 17 16Costa Rica 2409 0.1 9 31 Norway 1526 0.1 -2 18

Cayman Islands 2346 0.1 105 54 Colombia 1513 0.1 24 23Botswana 2301 0.1 535 38 Argentina 1278 0.1 1 23Egypt 2282 0.1 43 29 Jordan 1112 0.1 57 65Sri Lanka 1694 0.1 12 24 Egypt 988 0.1 17 22Belarus 1341 0.0 30 20 New Zealand 967 0.1 12 18

Above 40 2809827 99.0 - - Above 40 1121088 98.9 - -

Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

China a Japan

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 428266 100.0 39 30 World 256040 100.0 13 17

Asia 307380 71.8 42 33 Asia 151961 59.4 17 21

Europe 69206 16.2 39 27 Europe 53145 20.8 13 16

North America 37394 8.7 17 26 North America 46384 18.1 1 7

CIS 5899 1.4 17 -7 Africa 1615 0.6 63 15

South and Central America 3108 0.7 113 5 South and Central America 1090 0.4 22 20

Africa 1470 0.3 67 33 CIS 609 0.2 28 78

Suppliers Suppliers

Japan 89562 20.9 40 26 China 79768 31.2 24 25European Union (25) 64856 15.1 39 27 European Union (25) 48325 18.9 13 16Taipei, Chinese 61327 14.3 30 31 United States 43483 17.0 1 7Korea, Republic of 56702 13.2 52 44 Korea, Republic of 16396 6.4 18 24China 37249 8.7 68 54 Taipei, Chinese 13806 5.4 5 15

Above 5 309696 72.3 42 33 Above 5 201778 78.8 13 18

United States 32453 7.6 16 26 Thailand 9908 3.9 16 22Malaysia 14375 3.4 52 31 Malaysia 8490 3.3 8 15Singapore 11433 2.7 49 31 Philippines 6640 2.6 7 17Hong Kong, China 10531 2.5 1 4 Indonesia 5745 2.2 9 17Thailand 8796 2.1 59 32 Singapore 4316 1.7 8 6

Philippines 8440 2.0 103 44 Switzerland 4169 1.6 15 18Russian Federation 3959 0.9 4 -12 Viet Nam 2308 0.9 20 24Indonesia 3574 0.8 22 24 Canada 1712 0.7 6 -5Canada 3269 0.8 14 32 South Africa 1462 0.6 70 16Switzerland 3061 0.7 33 32 India 1375 0.5 13 22

India 2384 0.6 79 0 Mexico 1189 0.5 0 16Saudi Arabia 2022 0.5 42 49 Hong Kong, China 1146 0.4 -3 10Brazil 1711 0.4 132 -2 Israel 718 0.3 -8 14Mexico 1671 0.4 50 14 Australia 672 0.3 9 -2Australia 1323 0.3 32 8 New Zealand 552 0.2 17 17

South Africa 1124 0.3 83 31 Brazil 547 0.2 1 29Ukraine 962 0.2 97 -19 Norway 442 0.2 41 4Israel 903 0.2 33 38 Saudi Arabia 328 0.1 39 6Kazakhstan 778 0.2 22 31 Russian Federation 298 0.1 25 47Costa Rica 637 0.1 204 14 Kazakhstan 226 0.1 60 117

Norway 571 0.1 18 27 Costa Rica 144 0.1 65 -19Pakistan 509 0.1 0 -5 New Caledonia 135 0.1 61 38Viet Nam 401 0.1 111 53 Chile 127 0.0 124 26Turkey 364 0.1 78 3 Pakistan 124 0.0 -4 9New Zealand 286 0.1 4 33 Bangladesh 114 0.0 16 11

Argentina 281 0.1 20 -19 Turkey 99 0.0 20 19Romania 274 0.1 24 -36 Cambodia 99 0.0 21 13Kuwait 227 0.1 25 51 French Polynesia 90 0.0 -9 10Qatar 209 0.0 39 92 Sri Lanka 89 0.0 16 10Iran, Islamic Rep. of 195 0.0 8 32 Myanmar 87 0.0 68 30

Macao, China 191 0.0 29 8 Romania 74 0.0 30 30Morocco 186 0.0 24 33 Jordan 69 0.0 -10 13Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 185 0.0 109 56 Colombia 69 0.0 38 35United Arab Emirates 169 0.0 177 39 Dominican Republic 58 0.0 25 45Belarus 145 0.0 54 72 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 57 0.0 -21 -7

Above 40 427298 99.8 - - Above 40 255456 99.8 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 9 percent of its manufacture imports. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.26

Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 3014.4 - - 42.7 45.9 11 7 19 18

extra-EU (25) exports 1031.4 - - 14.4 15.7 11 6 17 20

United States 668.7 13.0 12.1 13.8 10.2 1 -5 3 13

China a, b 542.4 0.8 1.9 4.7 8.3 25 24 36 37

Japan 524.3 11.2 11.5 9.6 8.0 4 4 13 19

Hong Kong, China 250.1 1.6 3.2 4.1 3.8 7 6 12 16

domestic exports 14.9 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.2 -9 -15 -8 2

re-exports 235.2 0.4 2.0 3.6 3.6 8 8 14 17

Canada 188.2 2.7 3.1 3.7 2.9 2 -2 4 14

Taipei, Chinese 161.0 1.6 2.6 3.0 2.4 3 6 10 19

Mexico a, c 151.8 0.4 1.1 3.0 2.3 2 0 -1 13

Singapore 148.5 0.8 1.6 2.5 2.3 6 3 15 22

domestic exports 75.3 0.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 4 2 19 20

re-exports 73.2 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.1 8 4 11 25

Switzerland 110.3 2.4 2.5 1.5 1.7 11 7 15 18

Malaysia a 95.4 0.2 0.7 1.7 1.5 5 6 7 19

Thailand c 74.0 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.1 9 5 19 23

India c 57.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9 14 19 22 20

Turkey 53.4 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 24 18 32 34

Above 15 6036.0 - - 92.4 91.9 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 2839.0 - - 40.0 41.8 10 5 19 18

extra-EU (25) imports 856.0 - - 12.8 12.6 8 1 18 19

United States 1133.9 11.2 15.4 19.9 16.7 4 3 6 15

China a, b 428.3 1.1 1.7 3.5 6.3 26 25 39 30

Japan 256.0 2.3 4.1 4.4 3.8 5 -2 13 17

Hong Kong, China 248.3 1.5 2.9 4.0 3.7 7 4 12 17

retained imports 13.1 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.2 -12 -35 -10 16

Canada d 220.7 3.7 3.8 4.1 3.3 2 1 6 13

Mexico a, c, d 169.0 1.5 1.3 3.1 2.5 3 0 0 15

Singapore 128.8 1.2 1.8 2.3 1.9 4 0 10 26

retained imports 55.5 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.8 0 -5 9 26

Taipei, Chinese 125.4 0.9 1.5 2.3 1.8 3 6 11 31

Switzerland 93.5 2.3 2.4 1.4 1.4 8 1 15 16

Australia d 84.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 9 15 21 22

Malaysia a 83.6 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.2 5 9 4 23

Russian Federation c 74.8 - - 0.7 1.1 24 14 28 29

Thailand c 69.6 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 11 6 16 22

Above 15 5859.5 - - 87.6 87.6 - - - -

- - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.b In 2004, China reported imports of manufactures from China amounting to nearly $37 billion. For further information, see box 2.c Includes Secretariat estimates.d Imports are valued f.o.b.

Table IV.27

Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 2391.15 I 4688.08 4752.61 5489.31 6570.31 74.8 73.8

Argentina 3.57 8.49 7.83 7.97 9.84 32.2 28.6Australia 6.90 15.16 15.51 17.21 19.41 24.5 20.0Bangladesh 1.21 4.59 4.81 5.36 5.20 71.8 63.7Belarus - 4.88 5.27 6.37 8.24 66.6 59.9Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1.84 2.72 3.22 3.07 4.29 8.8 11.3Brazil 16.14 31.80 31.35 37.19 50.57 57.7 52.4Bulgaria ... 2.74 3.57 4.96 6.19 56.7 62.3Cambodia ... 1.33 1.85 2.04 2.72 95.6 97.1Canada 73.31 175.64 158.64 164.79 188.22 63.5 59.5Chile 0.83 2.79 2.82 3.13 3.97 14.5 12.4

China b 44.31 219.86 292.56 396.99 542.37 88.2 91.4Colombia 1.70 4.26 4.50 4.49 6.20 32.7 38.2Costa Rica b, c 0.39 I 3.60 3.13 3.80 3.67 61.3 58.3Croatia - 3.21 3.55 4.42 5.81 72.5 72.5Dominican Republic b, c 1.51 4.84 4.20 4.40 4.67 84.4 81.2Egypt c 1.47 1.38 1.65 1.88 2.07 29.4 27.0El Salvador b, c 0.33 2.25 2.48 2.60 2.73 76.5 82.8European Union (25) - 2001.29 2160.91 2560.98 3014.40 82.1 81.2

intra-EU (25) exports - 1325.87 1427.86 1703.78 1982.99 80.6 79.0extra-EU (25) exports - 675.42 733.05 857.20 1031.41 85.3 85.7

Hong Kong, China 75.64 192.50 192.29 215.54 250.12 95.0 94.2domestic exports 27.41 22.14 15.88 14.59 14.93 94.1 74.8re-exports 48.23 170.35 176.42 200.94 235.18 95.1 95.8

India c 12.52 34.59 39.25 48.00 57.53 76.5 74.5

Indonesia 9.04 35.24 30.91 31.61 35.82 53.9 49.5Iran, Islamic Rep. of 0.69 1.98 2.41 2.93 ... 7.0 8.6Israel d 10.43 29.55 27.40 29.38 36.41 94.1 94.3Japan 275.15 449.69 387.48 438.83 524.28 93.8 92.7Jordan 0.59 0.95 1.79 2.03 2.76 50.2 69.8Kazakhstan c - 1.60 1.72 2.12 2.50 18.1 12.4Korea, Republic of 60.60 154.90 148.82 177.68 231.05 89.9 91.0Macao, China 1.67 2.48 2.28 2.48 2.67 97.8 95.1Malaysia b 15.82 78.93 74.83 80.35 95.44 80.4 75.4Mexico b, c 25.26 138.65 135.37 134.65 151.77 83.3 80.3

Morocco b, c 2.21 I 4.76 5.09 5.87 6.66 64.1 68.2New Zealand 2.39 3.99 4.34 5.20 6.25 30.0 30.7Norway 11.13 13.32 14.99 17.16 18.45 22.2 22.6Oman 0.28 1.35 1.68 1.57 1.74 11.9 13.0Pakistan 4.39 7.64 8.47 10.14 11.40 84.7 85.2Peru 0.61 1.16 1.27 1.48 1.98 16.5 15.8Philippines b, c 5.59 34.77 32.31 32.52 35.68 87.4 89.9Qatar 0.66 0.91 1.04 1.17 2.47 7.8 13.2Romania 3.60 7.95 11.24 14.50 19.27 76.7 82.1Russian Federation c - 25.37 27.27 37.18 50.49 24.0 27.5

Saudi Arabia 3.66 5.96 7.78 9.57 ... 7.7 10.3Singapore 37.49 117.68 105.63 121.46 148.54 85.4 82.7

domestic exports 23.20 63.28 52.91 62.95 75.30 80.4 76.4re-exports 14.28 54.40 52.72 58.52 73.24 92.0 90.4

South Africa c, d 8.32 I 20.23 20.27 24.07 29.91 67.5 65.0Sri Lanka c 1.02 4.14 3.50 3.60 4.10 76.3 71.2Switzerland 59.59 72.43 81.39 93.76 110.31 90.0 93.1Syrian Arab Republic 1.50 0.36 0.46 0.62 ... 7.8 10.7Taipei, Chinese 62.03 141.04 123.00 134.77 160.96 95.1 92.8Thailand c 14.58 51.76 50.67 60.08 74.04 75.0 76.0Trinidad and Tobago 0.56 1.23 1.28 1.50 ... 28.8 29.0Tunisia 2.42 4.50 5.62 5.99 7.46 77.0 77.0

Turkey 8.78 22.52 30.19 39.78 53.45 81.1 84.7Ukraine c - 9.77 11.86 15.23 22.68 67.1 69.4United Arab Emirates 2.86 6.52 10.10 13.10 ... 13.1 15.9United States 290.49 648.91 570.96 589.17 668.67 83.0 81.7Viet Nam c ... 6.18 8.33 10.40 ... 42.7 51.6

a Or nearest year.b Includes significant exports from processing zones.c Includes Secretariat estimates.d Includes significant exports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in exports of manufactures was 17 per cent for India, 38 per cent for Israel and 9 per cent for South Africa.

Table IV.28

Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria b 6.66 6.10 8.70 9.90 13.43 66.6 73.8Argentina b 3.10 20.78 7.46 11.84 19.47 82.6 87.2Australia c 31.61 59.08 57.39 69.32 84.74 83.0 80.4Bahrain 1.43 1.72 2.37 2.56 2.84 37.2 43.1Bangladesh 1.92 4.87 5.33 5.71 5.28 54.8 43.9Belarus - 4.24 4.94 6.34 9.08 49.0 55.6Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela c 5.05 11.81 9.53 6.43 11.73 72.8 78.2Brazil 12.62 43.00 36.61 36.64 46.02 73.3 69.8Bulgaria ... 3.84 5.32 7.42 9.93 59.0 68.7Canada c 92.90 200.75 184.71 196.15 220.69 83.6 80.7

Chile 5.29 11.86 11.19 12.11 15.24 64.1 61.3China d 42.39 169.88 236.81 328.57 428.27 75.5 76.3Colombia 4.28 9.19 10.32 11.26 14.07 79.6 84.0Costa Rica b, d 1.50 I 4.92 5.72 6.11 6.38 77.2 77.2Croatia - 5.78 8.06 10.96 12.61 73.3 76.1Dominican Republic b, c, d 1.94 6.66 6.28 5.20 5.65 70.3 72.0Ecuador 1.51 2.63 5.37 5.09 6.15 70.8 78.2Egypt b 6.99 7.77 6.35 5.27 6.64 55.4 51.8El Salvador b, d 0.82 3.25 3.45 3.76 4.04 65.7 64.4European Union (25) e - 1943.40 2025.32 2414.31 2838.98 75.9 74.9

extra-EU (25) imports - 622.74 606.48 718.37 855.99 67.7 66.8

Guatemala 1.14 3.52 4.33 4.79 ... 72.0 71.2Hong Kong, China 70.53 192.66 188.98 212.22 248.28 90.0 91.0

retained imports 22.30 22.31 12.56 11.28 13.10 63.9 47.9India b, f 12.17 22.03 29.32 38.35 50.24 42.9 48.5Indonesia 16.64 20.48 18.41 18.39 26.36 47.0 48.0Iran, Islamic Rep. of b 15.49 9.96 15.41 20.32 25.40 69.4 73.2Israel f 11.68 29.04 26.95 27.17 32.37 81.3 79.0Japan 100.28 212.67 193.74 218.46 256.04 56.0 56.3Jordan 1.34 2.65 3.08 3.33 4.67 57.5 57.5Kazakhstan b - 3.79 5.09 6.60 9.85 75.3 77.1Kenya 1.40 1.72 2.05 2.10 2.78 55.3 61.1

Korea, Republic of 44.11 98.16 95.88 112.51 139.13 61.2 62.0Kuwait 2.61 5.55 7.10 8.70 ... 77.5 79.2Lebanon b ... 3.48 3.90 4.30 5.05 55.8 53.7Macao, China 1.20 1.78 1.97 2.15 2.75 79.1 79.0Malaysia d 22.87 68.13 65.05 67.79 83.61 83.1 79.4Mauritius 1.28 1.46 1.46 1.64 1.83 70.0 65.8Mexico b, c, d 32.49 149.80 146.74 147.00 169.00 85.9 85.3Morocco b, d 4.22 I 7.25 7.67 9.55 11.73 62.9 66.4New Zealand 7.56 10.81 11.75 14.54 17.31 77.7 74.6Nigeria 4.92 4.36 6.65 9.87 ... 75.0 66.3

Norway 21.40 27.48 27.75 31.31 37.21 79.9 77.4Oman 1.81 3.46 4.12 4.64 6.56 68.7 74.0Pakistan 3.99 5.09 5.88 7.22 10.25 46.8 57.1Peru 1.61 5.21 5.26 5.68 6.63 70.3 65.6Philippines b, d 8.96 25.64 28.41 31.39 31.84 69.2 75.2Qatar 1.32 2.75 3.38 4.19 5.31 84.4 88.5Romania 2.95 9.82 14.01 18.76 25.42 75.2 77.8Russian Federation b - 31.75 45.10 57.88 74.77 71.1 77.6Saudi Arabia 18.23 22.05 25.20 28.96 ... 72.9 78.3Serbia and Montenegro b - 2.35 4.23 5.79 ... 63.3 72.9

Singapore 44.35 109.78 92.96 102.46 128.78 81.6 78.6retained imports 30.07 55.39 40.24 43.95 55.54 73.4 67.1

South Africa b, c 13.43 I 19.21 18.60 24.55 33.17 72.2 69.4Sri Lanka b 1.71 4.90 4.08 4.58 5.36 68.2 33.6Switzerland 58.01 67.65 69.99 80.82 93.49 82.0 83.8Syrian Arab Republic 1.48 2.47 2.74 3.60 ... 64.7 70.5Taipei, Chinese 36.77 110.41 86.16 95.73 125.42 78.9 75.4Thailand b 24.83 46.57 49.15 56.99 69.63 75.2 73.0Trinidad and Tobago 0.78 1.86 2.20 2.20 ... 56.1 56.6Tunisia 3.91 6.46 7.15 7.93 9.55 75.4 75.0Turkey 13.63 38.20 33.94 45.83 67.42 70.1 69.1

Ukraine b - 5.74 8.21 11.61 15.19 41.1 52.4United Arab Emirates b 8.63 22.88 26.70 29.40 35.74 85.6 75.0United States 375.65 968.21 933.89 989.92 1133.89 76.9 74.3Viet Nam b 2.18 11.38 15.02 18.98 ... 72.8 75.2

a Or nearest year.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant imports into processing zones.e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.f Includes significant imports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in total imports of manufactures was 18 per cent for India and 28 per cent for Israel.

4.1 Iron and steel

Chart IV.7

Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2004

(Percentage)

Africa

Middle East

Commonwealth ofIndependentStates (CIS)

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.29

World trade in iron and steel, 2004

Value 266

1980-85 -2

1985-90 9

1990-95 8

1995-00 -2

2000-04 17

2002 10

2003 26

2004 46

Share in world exports of manufactures 4.0

Table IV.31

Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandiseand in manufactures by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of iron and steel in total merchandise

World 3.0 3.0

Europe 3.3 3.1

Africa 2.6 3.8

Middle East 0.5 5.1

Asia 2.7 3.3

Share of iron and steel in manufactures

World 4.0 4.0

Europe 4.1 4.2

Africa 10.4 5.4

Middle East 2.4 6.3

Asia 3.3 4.7

Table IV.30

Major regional flows in world exports of ironand steel, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra-Asia 46.5 18 31 41

Commonwealth of Independent

States (CIS) to Europe 10.6 27 39 71

Commonwealth of Independent

States (CIS) to Asia 8.7 21 31 34

Europe to North America 8.6 8 -9 80

Intra-Commonwealth of

Independent States (CIS) 5.2 23 78 49

Table IV.32

Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 265.9 - - 100.0 100.0 17 26 46

Europe

World 131.1 100.0 100.0 50.1 49.3 16 26 42

Europe 103.9 80.0 79.3 40.1 39.1 16 27 43

North America 8.6 8.9 6.6 4.5 3.2 8 -9 80

Asia 7.3 4.4 5.6 2.2 2.8 24 51 16

Middle East 5.1 2.4 3.9 1.2 1.9 31 46 38

Africa 3.4 2.1 2.6 1.1 1.3 22 25 31

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.5 26 -6 47

South and Central America 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5 9 12 37

World 65.2 49.1 49.7 24.6 24.5 17 26 51

Asia 46.5 33.3 35.5 16.7 17.5 18 31 41

North America 7.7 7.9 5.9 4.0 2.9 8 -11 121

Europe 4.5 3.6 3.4 1.8 1.7 15 31 86

Middle East 2.7 1.8 2.1 0.9 1.0 21 30 33

Africa 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.5 26 25 43

All other regions 2.4 1.7 1.9 0.9 0.9 19 47 91

World 23.3 20.8 17.8 10.4 8.8 12 15 30

Asia 19.2 15.6 14.6 7.8 7.2 15 19 32

North America 1.8 2.8 1.4 1.4 0.7 -3 -12 35

Europe 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.3 7 8 44

Middle East 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 10 19 4

Africa 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 4 11 -9

Other economies in Asia

World 41.9 28.2 32.0 14.2 15.8 20 35 66

Asia 27.3 17.7 20.9 8.9 10.3 21 43 49

North America 5.9 5.1 4.5 2.6 2.2 13 -11 177

Europe 3.7 2.7 2.8 1.4 1.4 17 39 100

Middle East 2.0 1.1 1.5 0.5 0.7 27 37 50

World 32.5 20.0 24.8 10.0 12.2 23 38 57

Europe 10.6 5.7 8.1 2.8 4.0 27 39 71

Asia 8.7 5.7 6.6 2.9 3.3 21 31 34

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 5.2 3.1 4.0 1.6 2.0 23 78 49

Middle East 3.1 2.1 2.4 1.1 1.2 20 43 37

North America 2.2 1.6 1.7 0.8 0.8 19 -37 424

Table IV.33

Imports of iron and steel of the European Union (25) and the United States by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 113792 100.0 29 44 World 28121 100.0 -11 103

Europe 95766 84.2 28 40 Europe 7166 25.5 -13 100

CIS 7492 6.6 36 98 North America 6683 23.8 -3 53

Asia 4202 3.7 27 78 Asia 6647 23.6 -18 126

Africa 2634 2.3 35 81 South and Central America 4071 14.5 -10 109

South and Central America 2208 1.9 49 27 CIS 2318 8.2 -28 349

North America 951 0.8 44 -9 Africa 1148 4.1 1 137

Middle East 420 0.4 69 176 Middle East 89 0.3 -3 178

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 89454 78.6 28 39 European Union (25) 5431 19.3 -14 80

Russian Federation 4081 3.6 38 81 Canada 4085 14.5 -3 37

Ukraine 2477 2.2 32 142 Mexico 2598 9.2 -1 88

Turkey 1969 1.7 59 87 Brazil 2591 9.2 -14 125

South Africa 1838 1.6 41 76 Russian Federation 1760 6.3 -37 483

Above 5 99819 87.7 29 43 Above 5 16465 14.5 -10 86

Norway 1332 1.2 20 53 China 1206 4.3 -20 35

Switzerland 1219 1.1 21 33 Japan 1115 4.0 -27 99

China 1059 0.9 53 128 Korea, Republic of 1089 3.9 -17 263

Brazil 988 0.9 62 15 Turkey 874 3.1 -33 191

India 984 0.9 77 168 India 859 3.1 -27 264

United States 782 0.7 44 -9 Taipei, Chinese 810 2.9 5 121

Romania 762 0.7 26 110 South Africa 671 2.4 -5 93

Japan 651 0.6 28 20 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 331 1.2 -51 373

Bulgaria 512 0.5 38 64 Ukraine 321 1.1 3 60

Korea, Republic of 511 0.4 7 47 Australia 280 1.0 13 152

Taipei, Chinese 483 0.4 33 74 Romania 279 1.0 -17 224

Kazakhstan 382 0.3 25 60 Egypt 243 0.9 -35 173

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 373 0.3 42 51 Trinidad and Tobago 242 0.9 9 50

Colombia 329 0.3 35 40 Argentina 172 0.6 -14 69

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 325 0.3 57 309 Thailand 171 0.6 66 36

Egypt 312 0.3 37 151 Kazakhstan 161 0.6 -21 519

Belarus 270 0.2 29 59 Malaysia 152 0.5 43 57

FYR Macedonia 203 0.2 11 67 Dominican Republic 142 0.5 22 137

Argentina 189 0.2 26 -27 Norway 123 0.4 52 92

Moldova 182 0.2 81 140 Colombia 104 0.4 0 181

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 182 0.2 16 77 Bulgaria 63 0.2 4 133

Serbia and Montenegro 169 0.1 14 112 New Zealand 55 0.2 -40 96

Dominican Republic 152 0.1 25 136 Indonesia 54 0.2 - -

New Caledonia 137 0.1 14 4 Serbia and Montenegro 42 0.1 38 282

Canada 130 0.1 38 -4 Georgia 42 0.1 7 45

Above 30 112434 98.8 - - Above 30 26066 92.7 - -

Table IV.34

Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 118.65 - - 46.5 44.6 16 6 26 41

extra-EU (25) exports 29.20 - - 11.4 11.0 16 7 25 37

Japan 23.29 20.4 11.8 10.4 8.8 12 14 15 30

China b 13.88 0.3 1.2 3.1 5.2 33 5 45 188

Korea, Republic of 11.63 2.2 3.4 4.7 4.4 15 -2 36 49

Ukraine a 11.20 - - 3.6 4.2 21 5 32 56

United States 8.71 4.2 3.3 4.4 3.3 8 -4 19 29

Taipei, Chinese 7.72 0.4 0.8 3.2 2.9 14 23 26 32

Brazil 7.09 1.1 3.4 2.6 2.7 18 23 29 42

Turkey 6.00 0.0 1.4 1.3 2.3 34 11 20 80

South Africa 5.64 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.1 20 11 61 46

Canada 4.67 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.8 10 21 1 36

Mexico a, b 3.31 0.1 0.7 1.2 1.2 17 31 16 69

India c 2.86 0.1 0.2 0.9 1.6 ... 86 33 ...

Hong Kong, China 2.68 0.1 0.5 1.3 1.0 9 15 29 21

domestic exports 0.01 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1 -22 59 33

re-exports 2.67 0.1 0.5 1.3 1.0 9 15 29 21

Above 15 242.01 - - 91.5 91.5 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 113.79 - - 40.2 40.1 16 5 29 44

extra-EU (25) imports 24.34 - - 7.6 8.6 20 -3 36 66

United States 28.12 10.1 9.5 12.5 9.9 10 4 -11 103

China b 23.39 2.7 2.5 6.3 8.2 25 27 62 6

Taipei, Chinese 8.78 1.4 2.5 3.1 3.1 17 31 28 75

Canada d 7.54 1.6 2.0 3.4 2.7 9 9 7 57

Thailand a 6.12 0.6 2.4 1.8 2.2 22 23 29 50

Japan 5.57 1.1 4.1 2.4 2.0 11 -12 36 68

Turkey 5.32 0.4 1.1 1.6 1.9 22 20 52 62

Mexico a, b, d 5.05 2.2 1.0 2.6 1.8 6 1 4 36

Iran, Islamic Rep. of a 3.97 ... ... 1.0 1.4 ... -14 86 31

Hong Kong, China 3.89 0.8 1.3 2.1 1.4 5 -3 34 19

retained imports 1.23 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.4 -2 -30 43 16

Malaysia b 3.60 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.3 14 0 10 49

Russian Federation a 3.27 - - 1.0 1.2 20 -11 58 48

India c 2.81 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 ... 12 58 ...

Above 15 230.76 - - 81.9 81.3 - - - -

b Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

c 2003 instead of 2004.

d Imports are valued f.o.b.

- - - -

4.2 Chemicals

Chart IV.8

Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2004

(Percentage)

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.35

World trade in chemicals, 2004

Value 976

1980-85 1

1985-90 14

1990-95 10

1995-00 4

2000-04 14

2002 12

2003 20

2004 21

Table IV.37

Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise andin manufactures by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of chemicals in total merchandise

World 11.0 11.0

Europe 14.9 12.9

Africa 3.3 10.4

Middle East 6.6 8.7

Asia 7.0 10.1

Share of chemicals in manufactures

World 14.9 14.9

Europe 18.5 17.1

Africa 13.1 14.7

Asia 8.4 14.4

Table IV.36

Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2004

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra-Asia 111.9 14 23 32

Europe to North America 71.8 16 19 11

Europe to Asia 47.0 13 18 24

North America to Europe 39.4 11 18 20

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 975.9 - - 100.0 100.0 14 20 21

Europe

World 599.1 100.0 100.0 58.5 61.4 15 21 19

Europe 429.3 70.7 71.7 41.4 44.0 15 22 20

North America 71.8 11.7 12.0 6.9 7.4 16 19 11

Asia 47.0 8.4 7.8 4.9 4.8 13 18 24

Africa 12.3 2.2 2.0 1.3 1.3 13 17 19

Middle East 12.1 2.1 2.0 1.2 1.2 14 18 18

World 168.1 100.0 100.0 17.3 17.2 14 24 28

Asia 111.9 66.0 66.6 11.4 11.5 14 23 32

Europe 24.3 13.6 14.4 2.4 2.5 15 34 24

North America 19.5 13.4 11.6 2.3 2.0 10 22 8

Middle East 3.8 1.9 2.3 0.3 0.4 19 28 33

Africa 3.4 1.7 2.0 0.3 0.3 18 20 36

World 48.0 100.0 100.0 6.0 4.9 8 17 23

Asia 32.2 60.9 67.0 3.7 3.3 11 20 31

North America 8.1 21.1 17.0 1.3 0.8 2 12 6

Europe 6.9 15.8 14.3 1.0 0.7 5 15 14

South and Central America 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 -1 4 14

Other Economies in Asia

World 120.0 100.0 100.0 11.2 12.3 16 27 29

Asia 79.7 68.7 66.4 7.7 8.2 15 24 32

Europe 17.4 18.1 21.8 1.4 1.8 21 45 29

North America 11.4 13.6 14.3 1.0 1.2 17 31 9

Middle East 3.5 3.7 4.4 0.3 0.4 21 29 35

Africa 2.9 3.3 3.6 0.3 0.3 19 26 43

North America

World 142.1 100.0 100.0 17.6 14.6 8 12 21

North America 54.0 39.1 38.0 6.9 5.5 8 11 20

Europe 39.4 25.3 27.8 4.4 4.0 11 18 20

Asia 32.7 23.3 23.0 4.1 3.4 8 11 23

Middle East 1.6 1.1 1.1 0.2 0.2 10 12 23

Table IV.38

Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2004

Table IV.39

Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 549.79 - - 53.9 56.3 15 15 22 19

extra-EU (25) exports 190.86 - - 18.9 19.6 15 15 20 18

United States 112.86 14.8 13.3 14.1 11.6 8 2 13 20

Japan 48.01 4.7 5.3 6.0 4.9 8 8 17 23

Switzerland 40.99 4.0 4.7 3.7 4.2 17 16 16 19

China a 26.36 0.8 1.3 2.1 2.7 21 15 28 35

Canada 21.68 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.2 10 2 12 27

Singapore 20.79 0.5 1.1 1.6 2.1 21 18 46 23

domestic exports 16.84 0.2 0.7 1.1 1.7 28 26 59 24

re-exports 3.94 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 4 -1 9 18

Taipei, Chinese 16.17 0.4 0.9 1.6 1.7 15 14 20 35

Hong Kong, China 13.04 0.5 1.5 1.8 1.3 6 5 12 20

domestic exports 0.86 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 1 -3 10 15

re-exports 12.18 0.4 1.2 1.6 1.2 6 5 12 21

Russian Federation b 11.29 - - 1.2 1.2 12 0 30 23

Saudi Arabia b 8.28 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.8 7 -2 23 31

Mexico a, b 7.53 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.8 9 3 4 28

India c 7.37 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 ... 23 25 ...

Malaysia a 7.10 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 17 16 23 31

Above 15 0.90 - - 92.4 92.6 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 468.25 - - 44.5 46.6 15 14 22 20

extra-EU (25) imports 109.32 - - 10.8 10.9 14 11 19 20

United States 116.10 6.2 7.7 12.5 11.6 11 9 18 12

China a 65.47 2.0 2.2 5.0 6.5 21 22 25 34

Japan 34.38 4.1 5.0 4.3 3.4 7 1 15 17

Canada d 28.26 2.2 2.5 3.3 2.8 9 5 14 15

Switzerland 24.74 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.5 16 12 16 17

Mexico a, b, d 21.31 1.5 1.2 2.5 2.1 9 7 11 16

Taipei, Chinese 20.59 1.3 2.3 2.6 2.1 7 11 17 31

Hong Kong, China 16.39 1.1 2.0 2.2 1.6 5 5 12 21

Brazil 14.45 2.4 1.1 1.7 1.4 8 -6 9 31

Turkey 14.21 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.4 18 26 32 36

Australia d 12.05 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 10 7 21 24

Thailand b 10.56 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 12 10 16 25

Singapore 10.49 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.0 8 7 17 23

Above 15 865.72 - - 86.6 86.2 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c 2003 instead of 2004.d Imports are valued f.o.b.

- - - -

Table IV.40

Leading exporters and importers of pharmaceuticals, 2004

Share in world exports/importsValue Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 175.51 65.0 71.1 26 34 25 19

extra-EU (25) exports 66.53 28.8 27.0 21 27 20 17

United States 23.98 12.1 9.7 16 5 19 25

Switzerland 23.03 9.6 9.3 22 18 18 23

Japan 3.54 2.5 1.4 7 3 13 11

China 3.23 1.6 1.3 16 17 23 13

Canada 2.99 1.1 1.2 25 7 51 28

India a 2.02 1.2 1.0 ... 31 15 ...

Australia 1.91 1.1 0.8 13 -16 37 32

Mexico b 1.66 0.8 0.7 17 8 7 32

Israel 1.36 0.4 0.6 33 45 3 42

Singapore 1.12 0.9 0.5 2 -18 -1 22

domestic exports 0.68 0.5 0.3 1 -29 4 36

re-exports 0.43 0.4 0.2 1 -2 -6 5

Hong Kong, China 0.64 0.7 0.3 -3 -13 3 -2

domestic exports 0.15 0.1 0.1 9 0 29 -13

re-exports 0.50 0.6 0.2 -5 -16 -4 1

Norway 0.44 0.2 0.2 17 27 25 18

Brazil 0.39 0.2 0.2 10 3 10 26

Above 15 241.79 97.1 98.1 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 145.90 51.3 58.7 27 38 23 19

extra-EU (25) imports 36.92 15.3 14.9 21 22 15 25

United States 35.37 13.4 14.2 24 33 28 11

Switzerland 11.61 4.7 4.7 22 21 18 19

Japan 7.11 4.3 2.9 10 7 14 15

Canada c 6.94 3.4 2.8 16 13 26 13

Australia c 4.80 2.1 1.9 19 19 27 33

Russian Federation b 3.43 1.5 1.4 19 -14 44 22

Turkey 3.04 1.2 1.2 23 28 34 32

Mexico b, c 2.93 1.3 1.2 20 15 17 35

Brazil 2.20 1.6 0.9 5 1 -2 17

China 1.90 0.9 0.8 19 18 19 11

Saudi Arabia a 1.39 0.8 0.7 ... 4 39 ...

Taipei, Chinese 1.29 0.7 0.5 12 8 8 22

Norway 1.18 0.7 0.5 12 26 15 9

Above 15 230.79 88.7 93.0 - - - -

a 2003 instead of 2004.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.

Table IV.41

World trade in office and telecom equipment, 2004

Value 1134

1980-85 9

1985-90 18

1990-95 15

1995-00 10

2000-04 4

2002 1

2003 12

2004 19

Chart IV.9Regional shares in world trade in office machines andtelecom equipment, 2004(Percentage)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

Table IV.42

Major regional flows in world exports of officeand telecom equipment, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra-Asia 310.3 9 19 23

Intra-North America 78.6 -4 -1 15

North America to Asia 52.1 -5 6 2

Table IV.43

Share of office and telecom equipment in trade in totalmerchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share in total merchandise

World 12.7 12.7North America 12.8 13.9South and Central America 1.4 8.0Europe 8.0 10.0Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.3 7.5Africa 0.7 6.0Middle East 2.3 8.5Asia 26.2 19.3

Australia, Japan and New Zealand 15.5 13.4Other Asia 30.3 21.3

Share in manufactures

World 17.3 17.3North America 16.8 17.9South and Central America 4.0 11.4Europe 10.0 13.3Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.0 10.2Africa 2.8 8.5Middle East 10.5 10.7Asia 31.3 27.6

4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment

Table IV.44

Exports of office and telecom equipment by principal region and economy, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 1133.8 - - 100.0 100.0 4 12 19

World 624.7 100.0 100.0 47.3 55.1 8 18 25

Asia 310.3 47.6 49.7 22.5 27.4 9 19 23

North America 156.2 29.9 25.0 14.1 13.8 3 10 26

Europe 126.0 19.9 20.2 9.4 11.1 9 23 31

Middle East 6.6 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.6 17 21 19

Africa 3.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 19 39 36

World 171.8 100.0 100.0 4.5 15.2 41 56 46

North America 61.1 38.5 35.6 1.7 5.4 38 57 54

Asia 47.3 29.5 27.6 1.3 4.2 39 42 43

Europe 43.2 23.7 25.2 1.1 3.8 43 86 53

Other Economies in Asia

World 452.9 100.0 100.0 42.8 39.9 2 10 19

Asia 262.9 49.5 58.1 21.2 23.2 7 16 19

North America 95.1 29.0 21.0 12.4 8.4 -6 -4 13

Europe 82.8 19.5 18.3 8.3 7.3 1 8 22

Middle East 4.9 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.4 12 11 18

Africa 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 11 26 34

Europe

World 324.4 100.0 100.0 29.8 28.6 3 8 14

Europe 239.3 74.7 73.7 22.3 21.1 3 6 12

Asia 33.1 11.0 10.2 3.3 2.9 1 12 19

North America 20.0 7.7 6.2 2.3 1.8 -3 9 6

Middle East 10.9 1.8 3.3 0.5 1.0 21 37 31

Africa 7.7 1.9 2.4 0.6 0.7 8 19 27

North America

World 169.1 100.0 100.0 21.6 14.9 -5 2 10

North America 78.6 44.3 46.5 9.6 6.9 -4 -1 15

Asia 52.1 31.2 30.8 6.7 4.6 -5 6 2

Europe 25.4 17.4 15.0 3.8 2.2 -9 -1 7

South and Central America 9.7 5.4 5.7 1.2 0.9 -4 -1 23

Middle East 2.0 1.1 1.2 0.2 0.2 -4 4 29

Table IV.45

Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 396752 100.0 9 18 World 212906 100.0 4 18

Europe 222031 56.0 3 17 Asia 163659 76.9 8 21

Asia 140289 35.4 24 23 North America 33293 15.6 -7 15

North America 27139 6.8 -2 3 Europe 13214 6.2 1 -2

Middle East 2909 0.7 40 45 South and Central America 1316 0.6 4 -35

South and Central America 2779 0.7 8 37 Middle East 1269 0.6 1 9

Africa 818 0.2 31 25 Africa 137 0.1 2 5

Commonwealth of Independent States 212 0.1 11 8 Commonwealth of Independent States 18 0.0 -22 26

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 216276 54.5 3 16 China 63006 29.6 37 47

China 49989 12.6 61 41 Mexico 26725 12.6 -6 16

United States 23949 6.0 -4 2 Japan 22862 10.7 -3 9

Japan 21337 5.4 12 11 Malaysia 21770 10.2 6 7

Taipei, Chinese 15718 4.0 13 12 Korea, Republic of 19237 9.0 5 25

Above 5 327270 82.5 8 18 Above 5 153600 72.1 10 25

Korea, Republic of 14618 3.7 22 37 Taipei, Chinese 13427 6.3 -9 3

Singapore 11342 2.9 10 22 European Union (25) 12750 6.0 0 -3

Malaysia 10900 2.7 14 4 Singapore 9643 4.5 -4 3

Philippines 5510 1.4 -9 4 Canada 6569 3.1 -10 13

Thailand 4444 1.1 18 22 Thailand 6259 2.9 -4 32

Hong Kong, China 3925 1.0 28 16 Philippines 4011 1.9 -17 -22

Turkey 2655 0.7 17 56 Indonesia 1778 0.8 -17 17

Costa Rica 2281 0.6 9 30 Hong Kong, China 1280 0.6 -10 12

Switzerland 1725 0.4 9 25 Israel 1260 0.6 0 9

Canada 1723 0.4 10 11 Hungary 972 0.5 6 30

Indonesia 1641 0.4 9 2 Costa Rica 672 0.3 32 -12

United Arab Emirates 1589 0.4 216 79 Brazil 513 0.2 -9 -57

Mexico 1466 0.4 18 3 Switzerland 266 0.1 -1 52

Israel 1088 0.3 -6 19 Norway 177 0.1 5 12

Norway 637 0.2 3 8 Australia 134 0.1 0 30

Above 20 392811 99.0 - - Above 20 213309 100.0 - -

Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

China a Japan

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 128714 100.0 45 34 World 64277 100.0 11 18

Asia 112112 87.1 54 34 Asia 51971 80.9 18 23

North America 8250 6.4 -7 27 North America 9117 14.2 -9 2

Europe 7213 5.6 13 43 Europe 2885 4.5 -8 0

South and Central America 657 0.5 185 14 South and Central America 145 0.2 27 -20

Africa 160 0.1 17 52 Africa 10 0.0 8 17

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 38 0.0 -45 26 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6 0.0 162 64

Suppliers Suppliers

Japan 21562 16.8 45 15 China 20630 32.1 39 35

Taipei, Chinese 20361 15.8 44 37 United States 8433 13.1 -8 2

China 19503 15.2 83 55 Taipei, Chinese 7682 12.0 3 14

Korea, Republic of 16989 13.2 50 40 Korea, Republic of 7099 11.0 23 15

Malaysia 10863 8.4 59 35 Malaysia 4859 7.6 6 15

Above 5 89278 69.4 53 34 Above 5 48703 75.8 14 20

Philippines 7693 6.0 110 42 Philippines 4150 6.5 -4 24

European Union (25) 7053 5.5 15 46 Thailand 3240 5.0 15 23

United States 6967 5.4 -10 30 European Union (25) 2831 4.4 -9 -1

Singapore 5591 4.3 60 34 Singapore 2785 4.3 7 4

Thailand 4778 3.7 83 36 Indonesia 1044 1.6 11 17

Hong Kong, China 3468 2.7 1 0 Hong Kong, China 348 0.5 -8 3

Indonesia 1143 0.9 26 43 Mexico 346 0.5 -32 1

Mexico 796 0.6 16 2 Canada 338 0.5 6 2

Costa Rica 626 0.5 207 13 Israel 143 0.2 -13 73

Canada 486 0.4 0 28 Costa Rica 139 0.2 69 -20

Israel 283 0.2 39 144 Viet Nam 104 0.2 97 6

Morocco 157 0.1 18 58 Switzerland 35 0.1 26 36

Switzerland 110 0.1 80 26 Norway 18 0.0 36 0

Australia 80 0.1 68 17 Australia 14 0.0 4 -43

Viet Nam 42 0.0 83 137 Morocco 8 0.0 -2 42

Above 20 128554 99.9 - - Above 20 64246 100.0 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for 15 percent of its office and telecom equipment imports. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.46

Leading exporters and importers of office and telecom equipment, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 316.8 - - 29.2 27.9 3 -3 8 14

extra-EU (25) exports 100.6 - - 8.8 8.9 4 -8 17 21

China a, b 171.8 0.1 1.0 4.5 15.2 41 45 56 46

United States 121.3 19.5 17.3 15.9 10.7 -6 -14 3 8

Japan 102.4 21.1 22.5 11.2 9.0 -1 -2 11 14

Hong Kong, China 91.4 2.8 4.3 5.2 8.1 16 19 22 26

domestic exports 1.9 2.0 1.6 0.4 0.2 -18 -23 -35 23

re-exports 89.5 0.8 2.7 4.8 7.9 18 21 24 26

Singapore 86.2 3.2 6.4 7.7 7.6 4 2 10 24

domestic exports 37.0 2.5 4.9 4.3 3.3 -3 -3 5 14

re-exports 49.2 0.7 1.5 3.3 4.3 11 7 15 33

Taipei, Chinese 56.5 3.2 4.7 6.0 5.0 -1 4 5 13

Malaysia a 56.2 1.4 2.7 5.4 5.0 2 7 4 13

Mexico a, c 36.3 0.1 1.5 3.5 3.2 2 -6 -3 16

Philippines a, c 23.9 0.8 0.6 2.6 2.1 -1 10 5 1

Thailand c 21.4 0.0 1.2 1.9 1.9 8 5 14 10

Canada 11.5 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.0 -14 -23 -1 18

Indonesia 6.6 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.6 -3 3 -9 18

Israel 5.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.5 -7 -25 -3 21

Above 15 1100.6 - - 98.1 97.1 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 396.8 - - 34.8 34.5 4 -2 9 18

extra-EU (25) imports 180.5 - - 15.1 15.7 5 -4 18 20

United States 212.9 15.9 21.1 21.9 18.5 0 0 4 18

China a, b 128.7 0.6 1.3 4.5 11.2 30 34 45 34

Hong Kong, China 97.5 2.4 4.1 6.0 8.5 13 13 19 26

retained imports ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Japan 64.3 2.6 3.7 6.2 5.6 1 -6 11 18

Singapore 62.7 2.6 4.5 5.5 5.4 4 1 11 28

retained imports 13.4 1.9 2.9 2.2 1.2 -11 -13 -2 10

Malaysia a 39.3 1.6 1.9 3.3 3.4 5 16 7 14

Taipei, Chinese 36.6 1.4 2.5 3.9 3.2 -1 9 1 14

Mexico a, c, d 34.7 0.9 1.5 2.9 3.0 5 -5 -1 24

Canada d 24.8 4.1 3.5 3.1 2.2 -5 -13 3 18

Philippines a, c 17.5 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.5 8 13 37 1

Thailand c 17.4 0.2 1.1 1.4 1.5 5 1 10 17

Australia 13.2 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.2 5 4 19 29

Switzerland 8.4 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.7 1 -9 11 16

Above 15 1092.6 - - 94.0 95.0 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

b In 2004, China reported imports of office and telecom equipment from China amounting to nearly $20 billion. For further information, see box 2.

c Includes Secretariat estimates.

- - - -

Table IV.47

Exports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 298551 I 964278 848673 950628 1133782 15.4 12.7

Argentina 119 93 110 68 75 0.4 0.2Australia 738 1781 1416 1550 1683 2.9 1.7Belarus - 99 113 119 145 1.4 1.1Brazil 692 2376 2215 2124 2019 4.3 2.1Bulgaria ... 33 69 112 121 0.7 1.2Canada 5622 20631 9843 9767 11526 7.5 3.6China b 3126 43498 75522 117939 171782 17.5 29.0Costa Rica b, c ... 1688 983 1497 1200 28.8 19.1Croatia - 87 172 189 248 2.0 3.1European Union (25) - 281895 257104 278332 316828 11.6 8.5

Hong Kong, China 12886 50066 59527 72340 91388 24.7 34.4domestic exports 4772 3997 2318 1510 1851 17.0 9.3re-exports 8114 46069 57209 70830 89537 25.7 36.5

India 182 480 587 831 ... 1.1 1.9Indonesia 124 7280 6144 5573 6570 11.1 9.1Israel 1226 6939 4483 4337 5259 22.1 13.6Japan 67032 108179 81236 90050 102363 22.6 18.1Jordan 4 36 51 73 120 1.9 3.0Korea, Republic of 14339 58686 52629 63815 82584 34.1 32.5Macao, China 14 19 16 43 65 0.8 2.3Malaysia b 8207 52382 47827 49678 56172 53.3 44.4Mauritius b 3 2 14 42 45 0.1 2.3

Mexico b, c 4535 34042 32249 31359 36320 20.5 19.2Morocco b, c 114 I 506 525 644 683 6.8 7.0New Zealand 95 231 246 273 341 1.7 1.7Norway 655 1142 967 1080 1189 1.9 1.5Philippines b, c 1835 25138 22724 23776 23915 63.2 60.3Romania 33 513 540 567 647 4.9 2.8Russian Federation c - 294 369 384 556 0.3 0.3Singapore 19235 73820 62892 69466 86222 53.6 48.0

South Africa ... 409 400 472 597 1.4 1.3Switzerland 1520 2909 1827 1979 2403 3.6 2.0

Taipei, Chinese 14105 57821 47678 49841 56529 39.0 32.6Thailand c 3520 18681 17025 19481 21433 27.1 22.0Tunisia 24 49 62 75 107 0.8 1.1Turkey 259 1008 1597 1980 2930 3.6 4.6Ukraine c - 94 100 271 363 0.6 1.1United States 51658 153399 109144 112524 121295 19.6 14.8Viet Nam ... 652 556 ... ... 4.5 3.3

a Or nearest year.b Includes significant exports from processing zones.c Includes Secretariat estimates.

Table IV.48

Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 253 444 588 879 1246 4.8 6.8Argentina b 305 3371 361 975 1980 13.4 8.9Australia c 4343 10771 8634 10259 13233 15.1 12.5Belarus - 194 205 266 377 2.2 2.3Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela c 367 1189 724 498 1268 7.3 8.5Brazil 1514 7900 4919 5104 7137 13.5 10.8Bulgaria ... 300 445 627 749 4.6 5.2Canada c 10475 30418 20393 21047 24840 12.7 9.1Chile 456 1681 1328 1295 1788 9.1 7.2China d 4058 44427 66411 96258 128714 19.7 22.9

Colombia 364 1048 1262 1518 1736 9.1 10.4Costa Rica b, d 84 I 977 1543 1706 1490 15.3 18.0Croatia - 418 738 910 1040 5.3 6.3Ecuador 57 200 535 686 841 5.4 10.7Egypt b 226 593 529 431 461 4.2 3.6El Salvador b, d ... 325 214 256 421 6.6 6.7European Union (25) e - 342530 307166 335651 396752 13.4 10.5

extra-EU (25) imports - 148952 126597 149834 180476 16.2 14.1Guatemala 61 419 452 446 594 8.6 7.6Hong Kong, China 12326 59370 64954 77425 97472 27.7 35.7

retained imports ... ... ... ... ... ... ...India 662 2708 4359 6009 ... 5.3 7.8

Indonesia 892 705 925 1138 1796 1.6 3.3Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 530 987 1337 ... 3.7 5.1Israel 939 4894 3277 3088 4197 13.7 10.2Japan 11273 60866 49298 54538 64277 16.0 14.1Jordan 56 201 271 312 438 4.4 5.4Kazakhstan b - 261 398 434 ... 5.2 5.2Kenya 124 142 187 152 239 4.6 5.3Korea, Republic of 7741 34012 28022 32025 35348 21.2 15.7Kuwait 128 409 ... ... ... 5.7 5.1Lebanon ... 254 284 263 ... 4.1 3.7

Macao, China 64 104 230 290 409 4.6 11.8Malaysia d 5744 32405 32022 34403 39273 39.5 37.3Mexico b, c, d 4640 29011 28305 28023 34661 16.6 17.5Morocco d 306 I 1212 747 848 1252 10.5 7.1New Zealand 905 1618 1373 1734 2089 11.6 9.0Norway 1732 3352 3144 3561 4468 9.7 9.3Oman 99 176 308 283 411 3.5 4.6Pakistan 236 372 477 728 838 3.4 4.7Panama b 65 244 248 254 284 7.2 8.0Paraguay b 320 224 151 145 256 10.2 9.7

Peru 100 656 611 747 873 8.9 8.6Philippines b, d 2044 11982 16551 17414 17495 32.4 41.3Romania 211 1258 1303 1680 2257 9.6 6.9Russian Federation b - 3115 5160 6226 7928 7.0 8.2Saudi Arabia 811 1242 1628 1871 ... 4.1 6.0Serbia and Montenegro b - 145 373 475 ... 3.9 6.0Singapore 13392 54107 44440 49153 62678 40.2 38.3

retained imports 8842 21810 12415 12188 13435 28.9 16.2South Africa c ... 3364 2918 3571 5238 12.6 11.0Sri Lanka 51 259 192 278 314 3.6 3.9Switzerland 4797 8045 6512 7238 8369 9.7 7.5

Taipei, Chinese 7438 38646 31781 32059 36627 27.6 22.0Thailand b 3421 14055 13468 14805 17362 22.7 18.2Tunisia 149 318 365 540 602 3.7 4.7Turkey 1234 5522 3245 4166 6200 10.1 6.4Ukraine b - 327 441 639 924 2.3 3.2United Arab Emirates b 698 3242 4670 ... ... 12.1 14.4United States 63365 215544 173175 180548 212906 17.1 14.0Viet Nam ... 1038 963 ... ... 6.6 4.9

a Or nearest year.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant imports into processing zones.e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

Table IV.49

Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 179159 100.0 14 15 World 95643 100.0 5 16

Europe 99696 55.6 12 16 Asia 79718 83.3 8 19

Africa 120 0.1 -1 37 South and Central America 195 0.2 -14 12

South and Central America 78 0.0 62 -25 Africa 8 0.0 118 -59

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 55 0.0 -2 -15 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2 0.0 -72 65

Suppliers Suppliers

China 26162 14.6 64 38 Malaysia 11371 11.9 10 12

United States 13517 7.5 2 5 Japan 9485 9.9 -5 3

Taipei, Chinese 9678 5.4 7 2 Mexico 7749 8.1 -15 3

Japan 7389 4.1 0 4 Singapore 7205 7.5 -4 -4

Above 5 155557 86.8 15 17 Above 5 72386 75.7 14 23

Singapore 5765 3.2 11 8 Taipei, Chinese 6255 6.5 -19 -13

Korea, Republic of 3914 2.2 5 2 European Union (25) 5738 6.0 6 2

Malaysia 3668 2.0 6 19 Korea, Republic of 4060 4.2 -18 5

Hong Kong, China 2081 1.2 25 12 Canada 1877 2.0 -10 13

Philippines 1729 1.0 -20 0 Philippines 1289 1.3 -23 -33

Mexico 741 0.4 30 -16 Indonesia 531 0.6 -6 16

Indonesia 619 0.3 14 7 Hong Kong, China 315 0.3 -18 -7

Switzerland 595 0.3 9 10 Israel 247 0.3 -11 17

Canada 544 0.3 18 -15 Costa Rica 122 0.1 -5 14

Israel 311 0.2 7 4 Switzerland 68 0.1 -13 15

Norway 177 0.1 -11 -4 Viet Nam 51 0.1 263 -19

United Arab Emirates 121 0.1 86 56 Australia 42 0.0 -21 13

Australia 86 0.0 -11 15 Brazil 33 0.0 -33 -33

India 65 0.0 10 48 India 32 0.0 16 30

Above 20 178349 99.5 - - Above 20 95533 99.9 - -

Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

China a Japan

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 29632 100.0 42 22 World 27104 100.0 10 12

Asia 25747 86.9 52 25 Asia 22319 82.3 17 15

North America 2383 8.0 -2 -1 North America 3360 12.4 -15 -2

Europe 1468 5.0 11 30 Europe 1322 4.9 -7 -1

South and Central America 6 0.0 342 -86 South and Central America 13 0.0 37 71

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 750 69 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 579 12

Africa 0 0.0 -84 -71 Africa 1 0.0 28 -36

Suppliers Suppliers

China 8521 28.8 70 44 China 12015 44.3 53 30

Japan 3845 13.0 39 19 United States 3056 11.3 -12 -1

Thailand 2509 8.5 97 28 Taipei, Chinese 2368 8.7 -18 -19

Taipei, Chinese 2269 7.7 9 -7 Korea, Republic of 1954 7.2 3 22

Korea, Republic of 2227 7.5 48 40 Philippines 1653 6.1 -9 11

Above 5 19371 65.4 50 28 Above 5 21046 77.6 13 15

United States 1928 6.5 -6 0 Singapore 1475 5.4 2 -6

Singapore 1812 6.1 45 16 European Union (25) 1300 4.8 -7 -2

Philippines 1633 5.5 157 21 Thailand 1187 4.4 9 26

Malaysia 1596 5.4 54 7 Malaysia 1172 4.3 17 1

European Union (25) 1445 4.9 11 30 Indonesia 311 1.1 1 19

Indonesia 732 2.5 33 27 Mexico 154 0.6 -51 -10

Hong Kong, China 541 1.8 2 12 Canada 150 0.6 10 -10

Mexico 371 1.3 6 -12 Hong Kong, China 139 0.5 9 -8

Canada 83 0.3 83 14 Israel 88 0.3 3 111

Australia 38 0.1 460 22 Viet Nam 30 0.1 985 -37

Israel 27 0.1 64 25 Switzerland 17 0.1 26 72

Viet Nam 20 0.1 365 290 Australia 10 0.0 17 -16

Switzerland 18 0.1 48 35 Costa Rica 10 0.0 51 38

Norway 5 0.0 10 -2 Norway 5 0.0 36 -52

Costa Rica 4 0.0 361 -88 Brazil 3 0.0 -60 1494

Above 20 29625 100.0 - - Above 20 27096 100.0 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 29 percent of its EDP and office equipment imports. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.50

Leading exporters and importers of EDP and office equipment, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 129.8 30.5 30.9 3 -3 14 11

extra-EU (25) exports 31.0 7.1 7.4 4 -2 11 14

China a, b 87.1 5.0 20.7 47 54 73 39

United States 43.9 15.5 10.5 -7 -20 3 7

Hong Kong, China 28.3 4.4 6.7 15 15 19 16

domestic exports 0.7 0.3 0.2 -8 -8 -6 7

re-exports 27.6 4.2 6.6 16 16 20 17

Singapore 27.7 8.4 6.6 -3 -6 -1 8

domestic exports 19.1 6.0 4.5 -4 1 0 0

re-exports 8.6 2.4 2.0 -1 -21 -2 33

Japan 25.8 9.5 6.1 -7 -10 -6 7

Malaysia a 20.2 5.6 4.8 -1 7 -6 20

Taipei, Chinese 19.4 7.9 4.6 -10 -2 -11 -7

Mexico a, c 13.8 3.2 3.3 4 -8 10 3

Thailand c 9.2 2.4 2.2 4 -2 6 11

Philippines a, c 7.6 1.9 1.8 -3 2 -3 10

Canada 3.5 1.5 0.8 -10 -29 1 11

Indonesia 2.7 0.8 0.6 -3 8 -16 46

Israel 0.9 0.2 0.2 0 -10 6 33

Above 15 414.0 98.0 98.5 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 179.2 39.8 41.8 4 -2 14 15

extra-EU (25) imports 80.3 17.5 18.8 5 0 17 15

United States 95.6 24.7 22.3 0 2 5 16

China a, b 29.6 2.8 6.9 29 35 42 22

Japan 27.1 7.2 6.3 0 -6 10 12

Hong Kong, China 26.9 4.8 6.3 10 6 18 13

retained imports ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Singapore 15.5 4.4 3.6 -2 -6 -1 13

retained imports 6.9 2.1 1.6 -3 15 1 -4

Mexico a, c, d 12.0 1.5 2.8 25 11 14 18

Canada d 10.9 3.2 2.5 -3 -12 3 12

Malaysia a 8.4 1.2 2.0 17 19 15 35

Taipei, Chinese 6.1 2.7 1.4 -12 14 -20 -5

Australia d 6.0 1.3 1.4 5 7 13 23

Korea, Republic of 5.9 2.0 1.4 -7 -3 -1 8

Thailand c 5.0 1.0 1.2 6 -3 15 14

Switzerland 4.4 1.2 1.0 -1 -9 7 9

Philippines a, c 4.0 0.6 0.9 14 -3 42 -7

Above 15 e 409.7 91.2 95.6 - - - -

b In 2004, China reported imports of EDP and office equipment from China amounting to nearly $9 billion. For further information, see box 2.

e Excludes retained imports of Hong Kong, China.

Table IV.51

Exports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World ... 370921 327649 367778 420244 5.9 4.7

Argentina 114 41 42 22 21 0.2 0.1Australia 492 811 877 872 831 1.3 0.9Brazil 172 493 236 271 334 0.9 0.3Bulgaria ... 14 24 38 59 0.3 0.6Canada 2708 5516 3143 3179 3544 2.0 1.1China b 375 18638 36228 62506 87101 7.5 14.7Costa Rica b, c ... 1628 903 1375 803 27.8 12.8Croatia - 11 24 34 54 0.2 0.7European Union (25) - 113163 102603 117305 129824 4.6 3.5

India 112 274 275 424 ... 0.6 0.7Indonesia 1 3041 2226 1868 2729 4.6 3.8Israel 421 902 638 676 902 2.9 2.3Japan 24832 35209 25690 24157 25832 7.3 4.6Jordan 2 13 15 19 28 0.7 0.7Korea, Republic of 2702 19633 16445 18069 21539 11.4 8.5Macao, China 7 12 6 25 39 0.5 1.4Malaysia b 676 20689 17988 16855 20188 21.1 16.0Mexico b, c ... 11757 12192 13370 13798 7.1 7.3Morocco b 0 2 4 18 23 0.0 0.4

New Zealand 53 82 86 99 113 0.6 0.6Norway 350 460 336 336 300 0.8 0.4Philippines b, c ... 7208 7153 6943 7605 18.1 19.2Romania ... 131 21 66 57 1.3 0.2Russian Federation c - 70 87 59 97 0.1 0.1Singapore 9205 31118 25707 25518 27662 22.6 15.4

South Africa ... 141 123 131 126 0.5 0.3Sri Lanka ... ... 54 63 66 ... 1.3Switzerland 617 1359 634 673 658 1.7 0.6Taipei, Chinese 6673 29309 23515 20953 19430 19.8 11.2

Thailand c 1562 8790 7832 8292 9231 12.7 9.5Tunisia 2 2 6 11 36 0.0 0.4Turkey 20 63 40 41 52 0.2 0.1Ukraine c - 16 8 56 145 0.1 0.4United States 27766 57595 39744 41050 43948 7.4 5.4Viet Nam ... 486 328 ... ... 3.4 2.0

Table IV.52

Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 94 111 207 226 282 1.2 1.5Argentina 120 1150 204 497 777 4.6 3.5Australia b 2697 5043 4330 4893 6034 7.1 5.7Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 191 388 221 164 447 2.4 3.0Brazil 469 2055 1457 1376 1635 3.5 2.5Bulgaria ... 128 150 230 290 2.0 2.0Canada b 5171 12042 9387 9679 10875 5.0 4.0Chile 144 654 505 506 648 3.5 2.6China c 772 10858 17094 24223 29632 4.8 5.3Colombia 123 420 462 566 512 3.6 3.1

Costa Rica c, d 40 I 175 290 178 260 2.7 3.1Croatia - 191 317 379 441 2.4 2.7Ecuador 20 84 150 183 213 2.3 2.7Egypt d 78 ... 221 175 199 ... 1.6El Salvador c, d ... 109 99 109 117 2.2 1.9European Union (25) e - 151706 135898 155118 179159 5.9 4.7

extra-EU (25) imports - 66710 60165 70159 80348 7.3 6.3Guatemala 25 130 133 128 142 2.7 1.8Hong Kong, China 2278 18341 20101 23679 26851 8.6 9.8

retained imports ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Iceland 39 103 80 100 121 4.0 3.4India 237 1482 1549 2004 ... 2.9 2.6

Indonesia 246 215 281 330 401 0.5 0.7Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 155 337 416 ... 1.1 1.6Israel 436 1717 1279 1290 1479 4.8 3.6Japan 5335 27551 22078 24208 27104 7.3 6.0Jordan 14 65 100 110 124 1.4 1.5Kazakhstan d - 68 135 116 ... 1.3 1.4Korea, Republic of 1813 7711 5487 5434 5882 4.8 2.6Lebanon ... 100 121 117 ... 1.6 1.6Macao, China 24 21 51 101 150 0.9 4.3Malaysia c 686 4450 5473 6273 8442 5.4 8.0

Mexico b, c, d ... 5651 8944 10182 11997 3.2 6.1Morocco c 70 I 195 206 236 291 1.7 1.6New Zealand 446 734 732 905 1048 5.3 4.5Norway 1046 1710 1704 1853 2249 5.0 4.7Oman 43 70 101 100 136 1.4 1.5Pakistan 47 204 218 212 229 1.9 1.3Panama d 22 107 95 99 102 3.2 2.9Paraguay d 25 114 78 77 122 5.2 4.6Peru 47 278 230 266 323 3.7 3.2Philippines c, d ... 2428 3906 4276 3990 6.6 9.4

Qatar 18 53 79 96 99 1.6 1.6Romania ... 306 401 569 742 2.3 2.3Russian Federation d - 741 1294 1258 1437 1.7 1.5Saudi Arabia 255 381 457 540 ... 1.3 1.5Serbia and Montenegro d - 67 168 207 ... 1.8 2.6Singapore 4352 16682 13760 13690 15517 12.4 9.5

retained imports 3169 7883 7112 7205 6923 10.4 8.4South Africa b ... 1205 1080 1616 2330 4.5 4.9Sri Lanka 18 99 82 114 104 1.4 1.3Switzerland 2823 4568 3755 4003 4372 5.5 3.9Taipei, Chinese 1574 10310 8011 6414 6085 7.4 3.7

Thailand d 1114 3821 3803 4384 5012 6.2 5.3Tunisia 58 135 142 168 196 1.6 1.5Turkey 471 1591 985 1212 1766 2.9 1.8Ukraine d - 104 132 196 172 0.7 0.6United States 27499 94193 78544 82433 95643 7.5 6.3Viet Nam ... 217 277 ... ... 1.4 1.4

a Or nearest year.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Includes significant imports into processing zones.d Includes Secretariat estimates.e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

Table IV.53

Imports of telecommunications equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 148661 100.0 12 23 World 89442 100.0 7 23

Europe 87197 58.7 5 15 Asia 62622 70.0 15 29

North America 6566 4.4 -17 6 Europe 4424 4.9 -7 -5

South and Central America 466 0.3 1 196 South and Central America 614 0.7 -4 -49

Africa 288 0.2 28 17 Africa 23 0.0 63 27

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 129 0.1 22 12 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6 0.0 -14 -2

Suppliers Suppliers

China 21333 14.4 56 44 Mexico 17600 19.7 -2 23

Japan 9878 6.6 22 17 Korea, Republic of 11157 12.5 25 38

Korea, Republic of 7892 5.3 37 81 Japan 10046 11.2 4 11

United States 5007 3.4 -19 -1 Malaysia 6739 7.5 18 2

Above 5 126947 85.4 10 21 Above 5 70566 78.9 11 27

Taipei, Chinese 3449 2.3 53 39 European Union (25) 4234 4.7 -8 -6

Turkey 2607 1.8 17 56 Canada 3488 3.9 -14 13

Malaysia 2552 1.7 -5 21 Taipei, Chinese 3380 3.8 24 23

Singapore 1801 1.2 31 110 Thailand 3100 3.5 10 50

United Arab Emirates 1450 1.0 249 80 Indonesia 1073 1.2 -22 17

Thailand 1445 1.0 27 33 Singapore 947 1.1 -15 50

Hong Kong, China 1288 0.9 38 28 Hong Kong, China 697 0.8 46 24

Canada 998 0.7 -9 43 Israel 662 0.7 2 5

Indonesia 946 0.6 6 -3 Brazil 476 0.5 -6 -58

Switzerland 788 0.5 0 47 Philippines 284 0.3 -21 -17

Israel 665 0.4 -14 21 Norway 144 0.2 4 27

Mexico 560 0.4 -3 32 Australia 81 0.1 16 52

Romania 495 0.3 97 35 Dominican Republic 55 0.1 2748 146

Philippines 485 0.3 8 76 Costa Rica 55 0.1 66 117

Norway 400 0.3 9 10 India 50 0.1 51 79

Above 20 146877 98.8 - - Above 20 89292 99.8 - -

Imports of telecommunications equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

China a Japan

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 24627 100.0 38 26 World 16082 100.0 8 25

Asia 20373 82.7 58 28 Asia 14012 87.1 15 31

Europe 2886 11.7 2 38 North America 1469 9.1 -15 0

North America 1270 5.2 -24 -13 Europe 548 3.4 -17 -21

South and Central America 15 0.1 8 30 South and Central America 3 0.0 -73 -68

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2 0.0 -73 -79 Africa 1 0.0 10 -33

Africa 2 0.0 8 -60 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 44 58

Suppliers Suppliers

China 6245 25.4 105 59 China 7101 44.2 22 37

Japan 4968 20.2 75 13 Malaysia 1849 11.5 -7 21

European Union (25) 2834 11.5 6 47 Thailand 1304 8.1 21 32

Taipei, Chinese 1621 6.6 32 29 United States 1231 7.7 -19 -2

Above 5 20183 82.0 53 28 Above 5 13017 80.9 12 27

United States 1007 4.1 -27 -12 Philippines 804 5.0 15 49

Hong Kong, China 855 3.5 10 4 Taipei, Chinese 686 4.3 -12 28

Malaysia 795 3.2 45 67 European Union (25) 526 3.3 -17 -22

Thailand 550 2.2 85 92 Indonesia 500 3.1 6 9

Singapore 416 1.7 24 86 Mexico 148 0.9 34 29

Philippines 244 1.0 77 98 Singapore 103 0.6 -42 28

Canada 186 0.8 -4 -28 Canada 89 0.6 6 -10

Indonesia 121 0.5 -10 66 Hong Kong, China 65 0.4 45 1

Israel 79 0.3 19 4 Viet Nam 61 0.4 6 48

Mexico 76 0.3 -29 56 Israel 49 0.3 -22 33

Australia 22 0.1 -19 -10 Norway 11 0.1 37 43

Norway 22 0.1 -6 17 Switzerland 10 0.1 16 12

Romania 16 0.1 -40 -87 Bangladesh 3 0.0 -90 3775

Switzerland 14 0.1 160 -56 Australia 3 0.0 -4 -75

Viet Nam 10 0.0 -4 100 India 1 0.0 -4 62

Above 20 24597 99.9 - - Above 20 16076 100.0 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 25 percent of its telecommunications equipment imports. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.54

Leading exporters and importers of telecommunications equipment, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 126.9 38.4 33.1 4 -2 8 16

extra-EU (25) exports 44.0 12.7 11.5 5 -11 17 27

China a, b 68.5 6.8 17.9 37 35 41 52

Hong Kong, China 36.8 6.8 9.6 17 22 23 30

domestic exports 0.0 0.2 0.0 -49 -69 -46 -54

re-exports 36.8 6.7 9.6 18 25 24 31

Japan 35.9 10.7 9.4 4 2 24 17

United States 28.1 11.5 7.3 -4 -16 -5 18

Mexico a, c 19.9 6.7 5.2 1 -5 -13 26

Malaysia a 12.5 4.5 3.3 -1 -13 -2 20

Singapore 11.6 2.9 3.0 9 7 10 36

domestic exports 4.3 1.3 1.1 3 -10 8 58

re-exports 7.4 1.6 1.9 13 18 10 27

Taipei, Chinese 10.2 2.4 2.7 11 16 22 18

Canada 5.9 4.1 1.5 -16 -16 -4 23

Thailand c 5.8 1.4 1.5 15 19 17 19

Israel 3.1 1.5 0.8 -8 -25 -5 19

Indonesia 3.1 1.2 0.8 -3 0 -11 3

Turkey 2.9 0.3 0.7 32 56 25 49

Above 15 370.9 82.2 89.5 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 148.7 39.5 38.1 6 -1 12 23

extra-EU (25) imports 65.8 14.7 16.9 11 -4 25 37

United States 89.4 24.5 22.9 6 6 7 23

Hong Kong, China 34.0 7.1 8.7 13 14 16 26

retained imports ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

China a, b 24.6 4.2 6.3 19 6 38 26

Japan 16.1 4.6 4.1 5 -11 8 25

Singapore 10.9 2.3 2.8 12 2 17 43

retained imports 3.6 0.8 0.9 11 -34 43 94

Mexico a, c, d 10.7 3.2 2.8 2 -15 3 33

Canada d 10.2 3.4 2.6 0 -3 5 19

Australia d 6.3 1.7 1.6 7 1 24 37

Russian Federation c 5.7 0.7 1.5 27 19 23 36

Malaysia a 4.2 1.2 1.1 5 12 -8 22

Taipei, Chinese 3.8 1.6 1.0 -4 -13 9 11

Thailand c 3.2 0.6 0.8 11 13 -7 14

India e 3.2 0.2 1.0 ... 130 49 ...

Above 15 f 343.3 89.7 88.3 - - - -

b In 2004, China reported imports of telecommunications equipment from China amounting to nearly $6 billion. For further information, see box 2.

e 2003 instead of 2004.

f Excludes retained imports of Hong Kong, China.

Table IV.55

Exports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World ... 286484 272139 305740 383181 4.6 4.3

Argentina 4 52 66 45 53 0.2 0.2Australia 226 838 409 508 634 1.4 0.7Belarus - 59 70 76 98 0.8 0.7Brazil 442 1648 1730 1640 1474 3.0 1.5Bulgaria ... 12 32 53 39 0.2 0.4Canada 1642 11656 5031 4805 5907 4.2 1.9China b 2623 19508 32017 45032 68497 7.8 11.5Costa Rica b ... 9 29 26 139 0.2 2.2Croatia - 73 97 109 136 1.7 1.7European Union (25) - 109990 101426 109550 126879 4.5 3.4

India 31 120 160 232 ... 0.3 0.4Indonesia 105 3500 3359 2984 3079 5.4 4.3Israel 662 4256 2724 2594 3088 13.6 8.0Japan 28809 30516 24620 30638 35879 6.4 6.3Jordan 2 19 33 51 90 1.0 2.3Korea, Republic of 6273 14364 20150 26634 36600 8.3 14.4Malaysia b 3209 12965 10631 10418 12484 13.2 9.9Mauritius b 3 1 11 36 39 0.0 2.0Mexico b, c ... 19221 18165 15817 19937 11.6 10.5

New Zealand 41 132 135 146 181 1.0 0.9Norway 295 652 547 659 806 1.1 1.0Oman 8 58 46 51 40 0.5 0.3Philippines b, c ... 1267 1083 933 1125 3.2 2.8Romania ... 337 491 482 545 3.2 2.3Russian Federation c - 133 196 206 252 0.1 0.1Singapore 6355 8266 7781 8524 11628 6.0 6.5

South Africa ... 243 213 268 364 0.8 0.8Switzerland 672 873 714 747 983 1.1 0.8Taipei, Chinese 4996 6745 7075 8618 10177 4.5 5.9

Table IV.56

Imports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies , 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 130 298 339 601 877 3.3 4.8Argentina b 123 2039 122 400 1029 8.1 4.6Australia c 1383 4862 3686 4569 6256 6.8 5.9Belarus - 57 113 158 178 0.7 1.1Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela c 162 760 470 315 793 4.7 5.3Brazil 555 3206 1626 1693 2653 5.5 4.0Bulgaria ... 144 247 327 368 2.2 2.5Canada c 2972 10062 8100 8522 10182 4.2 3.7Chile 303 960 751 715 1034 5.2 4.2China d 2540 12413 14150 19512 24627 5.5 4.4

Colombia 218 597 770 919 1176 5.2 7.0Costa Rica b, d 35 I 114 183 325 172 1.8 2.1Croatia - 210 351 459 515 2.7 3.1Ecuador 32 110 374 488 615 2.9 7.8Egypt b 132 ... 264 217 228 ... 1.8El Salvador b, d ... 207 109 138 290 4.2 4.6European Union (25) e - 115743 108198 120678 148661 4.5 3.9

extra-EU (25) imports - 43099 38628 48119 65824 4.7 5.1Guatemala 34 283 298 307 ... 5.8 4.6Hong Kong, China 6343 20742 23254 26925 33966 9.7 12.4

retained imports ... ... ... ... ... ... ...India 173 701 2135 3173 ... 1.4 4.1

Indonesia 490 403 531 704 1215 0.9 2.2Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 256 463 694 ... 1.8 2.7Israel 304 1669 1362 1080 1447 4.7 3.5Japan 2620 13470 11952 12910 16082 3.5 3.5Jordan 39 131 161 191 296 2.9 3.6Kazakhstan b - 169 235 288 ... 3.4 3.4Kenya 105 95 129 85 151 3.1 3.3Korea, Republic of 1368 5830 4910 5486 6405 3.6 2.9Macao, China 35 68 167 179 244 3.0 7.0Malaysia d 1246 3442 3673 3393 4151 4.2 3.9

Mexico b, c, d ... 9398 7829 8033 10730 5.4 5.4Morocco d 127 I 727 350 399 652 6.3 3.7New Zealand 440 808 568 731 995 5.8 4.3Norway 576 1425 1299 1535 2014 4.1 4.2Oman 56 105 203 153 269 2.1 3.0Pakistan 183 158 245 486 575 1.5 3.2Panama b 43 132 149 152 182 3.9 5.2Paraguay b 293 107 72 65 132 4.9 5.0Peru 51 367 371 465 530 5.0 5.2Philippines b, d ... 1949 1321 1425 1566 5.3 3.7

Romania ... 561 550 717 1103 4.3 3.4Russian Federation b - 2190 3402 4177 5671 4.9 5.9Saudi Arabia 543 811 1138 1303 ... 2.7 3.5Serbia and Montenegro b - 60 172 208 ... 1.6 2.6Singapore 4551 6870 6561 7661 10934 5.1 6.7

retained imports 2016 2374 1290 1844 3575 3.1 4.3South Africa c ... 1859 1614 1723 2615 7.0 5.5Sri Lanka 30 155 101 148 184 2.2 2.3Switzerland 1597 2512 2165 2487 3083 3.0 2.8Taipei, Chinese 1744 4597 3184 3471 3837 3.3 2.3Thailand b 994 1868 3065 2856 3175 3.0 3.3

Tunisia 64 148 182 326 348 1.7 2.7Turkey 403 2993 1087 1530 2501 5.5 2.6Ukraine b - 188 260 358 646 1.3 2.2United States 22727 71769 67463 72510 89442 5.7 5.9Viet Nam ... 331 411 ... ... 2.1 2.1

a Or nearest year.b Includes Secretariat estimates.c Imports are valued f.o.b.d Includes significant imports into processing zones.e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

Table IV.57

Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 68932 100.0 -5 15 World 27821 100.0 -6 9

Europe 35138 51.0 -19 22 Asia 21319 76.6 -9 11

Asia 25189 36.5 17 10 Europe 2948 10.6 3 -4

North America 5770 8.4 2 -3 North America 2580 9.3 0 11

South and Central America 2235 3.2 7 26 South and Central America 506 1.8 31 -23

Africa 411 0.6 47 27 Middle East 351 1.3 7 12

Middle East 135 0.2 18 90 Africa 106 0.4 -15 15

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 29 0.0 -4 66 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 11 0.0 -2 42

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 34628 50.2 -20 22 Korea, Republic of 4020 14.4 -3 17

United States 5425 7.9 0 -4 Taipei, Chinese 3792 13.6 -3 23

Malaysia 4680 6.8 29 -11 Malaysia 3660 13.2 -16 1

Japan 4070 5.9 19 12 Japan 3331 12.0 -13 18

Singapore 3775 5.5 3 20 European Union (25) 2777 10.0 3 -7

Above 5 52578 76.3 -10 14 Above 5 17579 63.2 -7 10

Philippines 3296 4.8 -4 1 Philippines 2438 8.8 -12 -16

Korea, Republic of 2812 4.1 29 14 Singapore 1491 5.4 2 14

Taipei, Chinese 2591 3.8 11 27 China 1408 5.1 15 53

China 2495 3.6 70 52 Mexico 1375 4.9 2 10

Costa Rica 2198 3.2 8 28 Canada 1204 4.3 -1 13

Hong Kong, China 556 0.8 19 9 Costa Rica 495 1.8 40 -21

Switzerland 341 0.5 28 11 Israel 351 1.3 7 12

Morocco 287 0.4 45 15 Hong Kong, China 268 1.0 -49 13

Canada 181 0.3 100 -15 Indonesia 173 0.6 -10 21

Mexico 165 0.2 24 34 Switzerland 165 0.6 6 78

India 147 0.2 102 85 Morocco 102 0.4 -9 14

Israel 111 0.2 28 80 India 36 0.1 -37 84

Indonesia 77 0.1 4 13 New Zealand 15 0.1 1 15

South Africa 73 0.1 59 102 Australia 11 0.0 25 -9

Above 20 68532 99.4 - - Above 20 27784 99.9 - -

Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

China a Singapore

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 74455 100.0 49 42 World 36227 100.0 15 30

Asia 65992 88.6 54 39 Asia 28136 77.7 14 33

Europe 2859 3.8 29 56 North America 3526 9.7 7 37

Middle East 178 0.2 188 858 South and Central America 123 0.3 340 148

Africa 158 0.2 19 56 Middle East 81 0.2 28 33

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 35 0.0 28 85 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 -48 83

Suppliers Suppliers

Taipei, Chinese 16471 22.1 57 47 Malaysia 8638 23.8 7 9

Japan 12748 17.1 38 14 Taipei, Chinese 5586 15.4 36 52

Korea, Republic of 10247 13.8 61 63 Japan 4101 11.3 -3 21

Malaysia 8471 11.4 62 39 Korea, Republic of 3296 9.1 34 63

Philippines 5816 7.8 99 48 European Union (25) 3242 8.9 32 12

Above 5 53754 72.2 55 39 Above 5 24863 68.6 15 25

China 4738 6.4 84 73 United States 3242 8.9 8 39

United States 4032 5.4 -2 76 Philippines 2836 7.8 15 64

Singapore 3363 4.5 77 41 China 1757 4.9 44 62

European Union (25) 2775 3.7 28 55 Hong Kong, China 987 2.7 12 40

Hong Kong, China 2073 2.8 -2 -4 Thailand 909 2.5 31 37

Thailand 1719 2.3 63 36 Switzerland 894 2.5 7 13

Costa Rica 620 0.8 199 21 Morocco 208 0.6 9 11

Mexico 349 0.5 48 12 Canada 147 0.4 7 -5

Indonesia 289 0.4 28 90 Mexico 137 0.4 5 43

Canada 216 0.3 -31 332 Costa Rica 122 0.3 429 149

Israel 177 0.2 188 871 Israel 75 0.2 21 38

Morocco 157 0.2 20 58 India 10 0.0 -27 17

Switzerland 79 0.1 53 88 New Zealand 10 0.0 193 298

Russian Federation 31 0.0 22 79 United Arab Emirates 6 0.0 92 4

Australia 19 0.0 184 61 Australia 4 0.0 -8 -31

Above 20 74391 99.9 - - Above 20 36206 99.9 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 6 percent of its integrated circuits and electronic components imports. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.58

Leading exporters and importers of integrated circuits and electronic components, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 60.1 19.1 18.2 1 -2 -3 17

extra-EU (25) exports 25.5 7.3 7.7 3 -12 23 21

United States 49.3 20.5 14.9 -6 -7 7 3

Singapore 46.9 11.2 14.2 8 8 20 32

domestic exports 13.6 5.0 4.1 -3 -8 16 27

re-exports 33.3 6.2 10.1 15 17 23 35

Japan 40.7 13.8 12.3 -1 3 14 15

Taipei, Chinese 26.9 7.1 8.1 5 11 19 33

Hong Kong, China 26.3 4.6 8.0 17 18 22 32

domestic exports 1.1 0.8 0.3 -18 -18 -47 42

re-exports 25.1 3.8 7.6 22 24 29 32

Malaysia a 23.5 6.1 7.1 6 21 17 5

China a, b 16.2 1.7 4.9 32 48 43 56

Philippines a, c 15.2 5.4 4.6 3 15 10 2

Thailand c 6.4 1.9 1.9 7 7 26 2

Mexico a, c 2.6 1.0 0.8 -4 -8 15 19

Canada 2.1 1.1 0.6 -12 -31 7 16

Israel 1.3 0.6 0.4 -8 -31 -5 19

Indonesia 0.8 0.2 0.2 1 7 29 6

Above 15 317.5 98.8 96.1 - - - -

Importers

China a, b 74.5 6.8 22.4 37 49 49 42

European Union (25) 68.9 24.1 20.7 -2 -5 -5 15

extra-EU (25) imports 34.3 12.6 10.3 -3 -10 13 9

Hong Kong, China 36.7 6.5 11.0 16 19 24 37

retained imports 11.5 2.8 3.5 7 9 14 48

Singapore 36.2 9.8 10.9 4 4 15 30

retained imports 2.9 3.7 0.9 -29 -34 -22 -6

United States 27.8 15.9 8.4 -13 -14 -6 9

Taipei, Chinese 26.7 7.6 8.0 3 12 8 20

Malaysia a 26.7 7.9 8.0 2 16 8 8

Japan 21.1 6.4 6.3 2 -3 14 21

Philippines a, c 11.9 2.4 3.6 9 39 35 2

Mexico a, c, d 11.9 4.5 3.6 -4 -8 -15 22

Thailand c 9.2 2.7 2.8 3 -3 15 21

Canada d 3.8 2.7 1.1 -18 -33 -2 33

Brazil 2.8 0.8 0.9 2 -13 11 40

Turkey 1.9 0.3 0.6 20 51 21 36

Above 15 321.9 91.6 96.8 - - - -

b In 2004, China reported imports of integrated circuits and electronic components from China amounting to nearly $5 billion. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.59

Exports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World ... 306873 248885 277109 330357 4.9 3.7

Australia 20 132 129 171 217 0.2 0.2Belarus - 33 29 34 35 0.4 0.3Brazil 79 234 250 213 212 0.4 0.2Bulgaria ... 7 13 20 23 0.2 0.2Canada 1271 3459 1669 1782 2074 1.3 0.7China b 128 5352 7277 10401 16184 2.1 2.7Costa Rica b ... 51 51 96 258 0.9 4.1Croatia - 3 51 46 58 0.1 0.7European Union (25) - 58742 53075 51477 60125 2.4 1.6

India 39 86 152 175 ... 0.2 0.3Indonesia 18 739 559 721 762 1.1 1.1Israel 143 1782 1121 1067 1269 5.7 3.3Japan 13391 42454 30927 35256 40653 8.9 7.2Jordan 1 4 3 3 3 0.2 0.1Korea, Republic of 5364 24688 16034 19111 24446 14.3 9.6Macao, China 1 3 2 3 5 0.1 0.2Malaysia b 4321 18729 19208 22406 23500 19.1 18.6Mauritius b 1 0 1 2 3 0.0 0.1Mexico b, c ... 3064 1892 2172 2585 1.8 1.4

Morocco b, c 110 480 502 601 634 6.5 6.5New Zealand 1 17 26 28 47 0.1 0.2Norway 11 30 83 86 84 0.1 0.1Philippines b, c ... 16663 14488 15900 15185 41.9 38.3Romania ... 45 28 19 45 0.4 0.2Russian Federation c - 91 86 119 208 0.1 0.1Singapore 3675 34436 29404 35425 46933 25.0 26.1

South Africa ... 25 64 74 107 0.1 0.2Switzerland 231 677 479 560 762 0.8 0.6Taipei, Chinese 2435 21767 17089 20270 26922 14.7 15.5

Table IV.60

Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 27 34 42 53 87 0.4 0.5Argentina 62 182 35 79 174 0.7 0.8Australia b 263 867 618 797 943 1.2 0.9Belarus - 45 52 63 122 0.5 0.7Brazil 490 2639 1836 2035 2848 4.5 4.3Bulgaria ... 28 48 71 91 0.4 0.6Canada b 2333 8314 2906 2845 3784 3.5 1.4Chile 9 67 72 74 106 0.4 0.4China c 747 21156 35167 52523 74455 9.4 13.3Colombia 24 31 30 32 48 0.3 0.3

Costa Rica c, d 10 I 688 1070 1203 1058 10.8 12.8Croatia - 17 70 72 85 0.2 0.5Egypt d 16 ... 44 39 34 ... 0.3European Union (25) e - 75081 63071 59856 68932 2.9 1.8

extra-EU (25) imports - 39143 27804 31556 34304 4.3 2.7Hong Kong, China 3705 20286 21598 26820 36654 9.5 13.4

retained imports 1692 8761 6849 7789 11515 25.1 42.1India 251 525 674 832 ... 1.0 1.1Indonesia 156 87 113 105 180 0.2 0.3Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 120 187 228 ... 0.8 0.9Israel 198 1508 636 718 1271 4.2 3.1Japan 3319 19846 15267 17420 21092 5.2 4.6

Korea, Republic of 4560 20470 17625 21105 23061 12.8 10.3Malaysia c 3812 24513 22876 24736 26679 29.9 25.3Mexico b, c, d ... 13961 11531 9809 11934 8.0 6.0Morocco c 109 I 291 191 213 309 2.5 1.8New Zealand 20 75 72 98 46 0.5 0.2Norway 110 216 142 173 205 0.6 0.4Pakistan 6 9 14 29 34 0.1 0.2Philippines c, d ... 7605 11325 11713 11938 20.5 28.2Romania ... 390 352 394 412 3.0 1.3Russian Federation d - 184 464 791 820 0.4 0.9

Serbia and Montenegro d - 18 33 60 ... 0.5 0.8Singapore 4489 30556 24119 27802 36227 22.7 22.1

retained imports 3659 11553 4020 3138 2937 15.3 3.5South Africa b ... 301 224 232 293 1.1 0.6Switzerland 377 965 592 748 915 1.2 0.8Taipei, Chinese 4119 23740 20586 22174 26706 17.0 16.0Thailand d 1313 8366 6600 7566 9175 13.5 9.6Tunisia 27 35 41 46 58 0.4 0.5Turkey 361 937 1172 1424 1934 1.7 2.0Ukraine d - 36 50 85 107 0.3 0.4United States 13139 49581 27168 25605 27821 3.9 1.8Viet Nam ... 490 275 ... ... 3.1 1.4

4.4 Automotive products

Chart IV.10

Regional shares in world trade in automotive products,2004(Percentage)

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.61

World trade in automotive products, 2004

Value 847

1980-85 5

1985-90 14

1990-95 8

1995-00 5

2000-04 10

2002 10

2003 16

2004 16

Table IV.63

Share of automotive products in trade in totalmerchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of automotive products in total merchandise

World 9.5 9.5North America 13.0 14.5South and Central America 4.1 7.1Europe 12.0 10.9CIS 1.5 7.8Africa 1.7 8.7Middle East 0.5 10.8Asia 7.2 3.4

Share of automotive products in manufactures

Note : Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.62

Major regional flows in world exports of automotiveproducts, 2004(Billion dollars and percentage)

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Europe to North America 48.3 13 14 8

Intra-Asia 40.9 17 39 22

Table IV.64

Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 847.2 - - 100.0 100.0 10 16 16

Europe

World 481.9 100.0 100.0 50.4 56.9 14 22 17

Europe 380.5 80.0 78.9 40.3 44.9 13 24 18

North America 48.3 10.3 10.0 5.2 5.7 13 14 8

Asia 22.0 4.3 4.6 2.2 2.6 15 28 9

Africa 10.3 1.9 2.1 0.9 1.2 17 20 23

Middle East 9.5 1.5 2.0 0.8 1.1 21 26 32

World 172.5 100.0 100.0 19.9 20.4 11 16 20

North America 67.6 49.3 39.2 9.8 8.0 5 0 9

Asia 40.9 19.0 23.7 3.8 4.8 17 39 22

Europe 35.7 18.4 20.7 3.7 4.2 14 38 29

Middle East 12.2 6.0 7.1 1.2 1.4 16 19 17

Africa 5.3 2.5 3.1 0.5 0.6 17 25 48

South and Central America 5.3 4.0 3.1 0.8 0.6 4 -4 40

World 115.7 100.0 100.0 15.3 13.7 7 11 13

North America 50.4 54.5 43.5 8.3 5.9 1 -4 4

Asia 25.4 17.2 21.9 2.6 3.0 14 32 17

Europe 23.3 17.4 20.1 2.7 2.7 11 37 20

Middle East 7.5 5.1 6.5 0.8 0.9 13 15 8

South and Central America 3.6 3.5 3.1 0.5 0.4 4 -3 31

Africa 3.4 2.1 2.9 0.3 0.4 16 26 41

North America

World 171.6 100.0 100.0 27.5 20.3 2 1 10

North America 147.6 88.6 86.0 24.4 17.4 1 0 9

Europe 11.6 4.9 6.7 1.3 1.4 11 19 6

Asia 5.6 3.6 3.3 1.0 0.7 0 6 2

Middle East 3.0 1.0 1.8 0.3 0.4 19 0 52

World 11.5 100.0 100.0 1.3 1.4 10 16 31

North America 3.9 28.2 33.7 0.4 0.5 15 14 5

Europe 1.0 12.2 8.8 0.2 0.1 2 20 15

Table IV.65

Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 52848 100.0 5 8 World 197003 100.0 3 9

North America 43815 82.9 5 7 North America 90812 46.1 0 10

Asia 5786 10.9 4 9 Asia 61761 31.4 -2 10

Europe 2829 5.4 20 22 Europe 42150 21.4 17 5

South and Central America 223 0.4 23 -2 South and Central America 1602 0.8 7 -5

All other regions 195 0.4 12 -3 All other regions 678 0.3 43 14

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 41306 78.2 5 7 Canada 61794 31.4 1 12

Japan 3765 7.1 -2 -4 Japan 45729 23.2 -6 5

European Union (25) 2807 5.3 20 22 European Union (25) 41910 21.3 17 5

Mexico 2509 4.7 3 1 Mexico 29018 14.7 -3 5

China 415 0.8 44 264 China 1963 1.0 33 44

Brazil 199 0.4 18 -5 Taipei, Chinese 1423 0.7 4 22

Taipei, Chinese 139 0.3 8 30 Brazil 1254 0.6 7 -9

Australia 28 0.1 0 115 South Africa 623 0.3 46 15

India 18 0.0 27 29 Australia 602 0.3 -32 76

Above 10 52577 99.5 - - Above 10 195594 99.3 - -

Region Region

World 397437 100.0 24 15 World 20194 100.0 -5 ...

Europe 353987 89.1 24 15 North America 13993 69.3 -11 ...Asia 30908 7.8 28 20 Europe 2826 14.0 -3 ...North America 9799 2.5 21 5 South and Central America 1994 9.9 29 ...South and Central America 934 0.2 12 11 Asia 1347 6.7 17 ...Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 176 0.0 29 4 All other regions 34 0.2 325 ...

All other regions 1565 0.4 3 10

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 344901 86.8 24 15 United States 12820 63.5 -9 ...Japan 20760 5.2 26 12 European Union (25) 2782 13.8 -4 ...United States 8349 2.1 17 6 Brazil 1579 7.8 36 ...Korea, Republic of 6874 1.7 41 40 Canada 1174 5.8 -27 ...Turkey 6425 1.6 57 67 Japan 991 4.9 12 ...South Africa 1170 0.3 -3 8 Argentina 332 1.6 23 ...Switzerland 1108 0.3 9 20 Korea, Republic of 216 1.1 43 ...Mexico 1056 0.3 59 -7 Chile 74 0.4 -30 ...Thailand 944 0.2 -1 -7 Taipei, Chinese 66 0.3 6 ...India 767 0.2 68 87 China 35 0.2 52 ...

Above 10 392354 98.7 - - Above 10 20069 99.4 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.b 2003 instead of 2004.

European Union (25) Mexico a, b

Table IV.66

Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 470.79 - - 49.9 55.6 13 12 22 17

extra-EU (25) exports 125.89 - - 12.4 14.9 15 16 21 18

Japan 115.73 19.8 20.8 15.3 13.7 7 15 11 13

United States 76.42 11.9 10.2 11.7 9.0 3 6 3 10

Canada 63.66 6.9 8.9 10.5 7.5 1 2 1 12

Mexico a, b 31.56 0.3 1.5 5.3 3.7 1 1 -3 5

Brazil 8.68 1.1 0.6 0.8 1.0 17 2 33 33

Turkey 8.10 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.0 51 39 57 59

China b 6.27 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.7 41 42 33 76

Thailand a 5.71 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.7 27 12 33 44

Taipei, Chinese 3.74 ... 0.3 0.4 0.4 14 15 22 23

South Africa 3.70 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 21 62 29 19

Australia 3.09 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 10 3 18 12

Argentina 2.19 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 1 -19 -9 44

Above 15 834.18 - - 98.7 98.5 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 397.44 - - 41.9 46.2 13 11 24 15

extra-EU (25) imports 52.54 - - 5.5 6.1 13 10 27 20

United States 197.00 20.3 24.7 28.9 22.9 4 7 3 9

Canada c 52.85 8.7 7.7 7.9 6.1 3 11 5 8

Mexico a, b, c 21.60 1.8 1.6 3.4 2.5 2 9 -5 7

China b 14.43 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.7 40 42 84 13

Australia c 13.35 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.6 12 18 30 20

Japan 12.80 0.5 2.3 1.7 1.5 6 7 13 15

Turkey 11.51 ... 0.4 1.0 1.3 19 31 122 85

Switzerland 8.10 1.8 1.9 1.1 0.9 7 -1 12 12

Saudi Arabia a 6.72 2.7 0.9 0.6 0.8 15 5 11 11

South Africa a, c 5.65 ... ... 0.4 0.7 24 -10 47 54

United Arab Emirates a, d 5.64 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 ... 20 45 ...

Norway 4.58 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 15 13 18 32

Thailand a 3.87 ... 0.8 0.4 0.4 19 15 33 16

Above 15 766.03 - - 90.7 89.2 - - - -

b Includes significant shipments through processing zones.

c Imports are valued f.o.b.

d 2003 instead of 2004.

Table IV.67

Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 318959 I 575650 627900 728012 847240 9.2 9.5

Argentina 200 2105 1667 1516 2185 8.0 6.3Australia 719 2151 2349 2767 3093 3.5 3.2Bahrain 10 21 22 86 70 0.3 0.9Belarus - 740 751 874 1203 10.1 8.7Brazil 2034 4682 4907 6530 8679 8.5 9.0Bulgaria ... 15 24 28 35 0.3 0.4Canada 28442 60656 56328 56947 63662 21.9 20.1Chile 18 203 178 151 148 1.1 0.5China b 258 1581 2677 3571 6272 0.6 1.1Colombia 6 226 338 117 413 1.7 2.5

Croatia - 45 63 85 131 1.0 1.6European Union (25) - 287190 330401 403641 470792 11.8 12.7

India 198 640 753 1318 ... 1.4 2.3Indonesia 22 369 453 583 857 0.6 1.2Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 61 52 58 ... 0.2 0.2Japan 66195 88082 92514 102734 115733 18.4 20.5Jordan 19 62 92 101 119 3.3 3.0Korea, Republic of 2301 15194 17330 23116 32320 8.8 12.7Malaysia b 121 307 328 392 554 0.3 0.4

Mexico b, c 4708 30655 30909 30132 31558 18.4 16.7Morocco b 28 I 24 52 47 57 0.3 0.6New Zealand 49 116 134 161 183 0.9 0.9Norway 305 459 575 629 659 0.8 0.8Oman 119 605 794 684 846 5.3 6.3Pakistan 3 7 10 15 22 0.1 0.2Philippines b, c 23 583 809 1106 1267 1.5 3.2Qatar 32 32 64 61 78 0.3 0.4Romania 354 195 339 465 764 1.9 3.3Russian Federation c - 875 1219 1538 2209 0.8 1.2

Singapore 348 678 772 1086 1525 0.5 0.8domestic exports 82 90 113 163 233 0.1 0.2re-exports 266 588 659 924 1292 1.0 1.6

South Africa 249 1708 2402 3103 3697 5.7 8.0Switzerland 591 772 1043 1098 1260 1.0 1.1Taipei, Chinese 829 2221 2482 3039 3743 1.5 2.2Thailand c 108 2401 2977 3972 5713 3.5 5.9Tunisia 30 63 205 231 239 1.1 2.5Turkey 153 1557 3263 5112 8103 5.6 12.8Ukraine c - 145 154 126 214 1.0 0.7United States 32547 67195 67089 69245 76417 8.6 9.3Uruguay 18 144 57 27 47 6.3 1.6

Table IV.68

Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 658 615 824 1054 1781 6.7 9.8Argentina 183 2678 834 1566 3203 10.6 13.7Australia b 3794 8550 8538 11101 13351 12.0 12.7Bahrain 152 214 434 593 488 4.6 7.4Belarus - 297 605 673 981 3.4 6.0Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 426 1451 1230 600 1579 8.9 10.5Brazil 532 4314 3134 2984 3464 7.4 5.3Bulgaria ... 437 615 858 1448 6.7 10.0Canada b 24640 46276 46628 49102 52848 19.3 19.3Chile 579 1507 1348 1540 2129 8.1 8.6

China c 1796 3798 6960 12778 14428 1.7 2.6Colombia 416 590 897 1002 1390 5.1 8.3Costa Rica c, d 124 I 337 411 366 420 5.3 5.1Croatia - 831 1084 1491 1585 10.5 9.6Ecuador 157 184 908 719 812 4.9 10.3Egypt d 416 514 344 344 385 3.7 3.0El Salvador c, d 66 230 269 325 410 4.6 6.5European Union (25) e - 246749 277507 344226 397437 9.6 10.5

extra-EU (25) imports - 32138 34355 43664 52536 3.5 4.1Guatemala 117 481 611 689 ... 9.8 10.3Hong Kong, China 994 2195 2309 2820 2582 1.0 0.9

retained imports 666 1455 1049 1044 1045 4.2 3.8

Iceland 107 229 119 263 376 8.8 10.6India 260 370 408 670 ... 0.7 0.9Indonesia 1523 1870 1464 1799 2424 4.3 4.4Iran, Islamic Rep. of 770 3209 2354 … 5.4 9.0Israel 871 2298 1864 1778 2207 6.4 5.4Japan 7327 9957 9891 11130 12802 2.6 2.8Jordan 108 519 426 401 590 11.3 7.3Kazakhstan d - 434 694 685 ... 8.6 8.1Kenya 255 156 222 253 317 5.0 7.0Korea, Republic of 929 1773 2542 3042 3465 1.1 1.5

Kuwait 453 1141 … … … 15.9 17.1Lebanon ... 535 548 582 ... 8.6 8.1Malaysia c 1312 1833 2024 2112 2818 2.2 2.7Mexico b, c, d 5268 20003 21264 20194 21599 11.5 10.9Morocco c 317 I 471 577 686 914 4.1 5.2New Zealand 1012 1480 2026 2685 3161 10.6 13.6Norway 1419 2597 2930 3462 4576 7.6 9.5Oman 429 1109 1021 1279 1740 22.0 19.6Pakistan 390 324 369 509 647 3.0 3.6Panama d 111 332 281 334 368 9.8 10.4

Peru 176 510 385 388 483 6.9 4.8Philippines c, d 537 974 978 1126 1004 2.6 2.4Qatar 202 409 524 610 368 12.6 6.1Romania 409 427 851 1176 2526 3.3 7.7Russian Federation d - 2507 4698 6809 10498 5.6 10.9Saudi Arabia d 2839 3815 5452 6050 6715 12.6 15.1Serbia and Montenegro d - 294 370 550 ... 7.9 6.9Singapore 1418 2417 1997 2597 3242 1.8 2.0

retained imports 1152 1829 1338 1673 1949 2.4 2.4South Africa b, d … 2401 2503 3670 5654 9.0 11.8Switzerland 6048 6222 6448 7239 8105 7.5 7.3

Taipei, Chinese 2565 2676 2132 2571 3287 1.9 2.0Thailand d 2651 2084 2500 3321 3865 3.4 4.1Tunisia 306 595 662 731 928 6.9 7.3Turkey 1177 5834 2797 6209 11512 10.7 11.8Ukraine d - 446 921 1730 2144 3.2 7.4United Arab Emirates d ... 2793 3890 5640 … 10.5 13.4United States 79320 170195 176628 181283 197000 13.5 12.9

4.5 Textiles

(Percentage)

Chart IV.11

Regional shares in world trade in textiles 2004

Commonwealthof Independent

States (CIS)

South andCentral America

Africa

Middle East

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.69

World trade in textiles, 2004

Value 195

1980-85 -1

1985-90 15

1990-95 8

1995-00 0

2000-04 6

2002 5

2003 12

2004 13

Table IV.71

Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 (Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of textiles in total merchandise

Share of textiles in manufactures

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of worldmerchandise trade by product and region.

Table IV.70

Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2004

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra-Asia 46.6 3 11 11

North America to

South and Central America 3.2 19 7 15

Europe to

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.3 20 29 23

Table IV.72

Textile exports by principal region, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 194.7 - - 100.0 100.0 6 12 13

World 87.8 100.0 100.0 44.9 45.1 6 12 16

Asia 46.6 59.0 53.1 26.5 23.9 3 11 11

Europe 12.3 12.9 14.0 5.8 6.3 8 21 18

North America 12.0 12.3 13.6 5.5 6.1 9 12 18

Middle East 6.7 6.3 7.6 2.8 3.4 11 14 18

Africa 5.1 4.0 5.8 1.8 2.6 16 25 30

World 7.1 100.0 100.0 4.5 3.7 0 7 11

Asia 5.6 76.2 79.0 3.5 2.9 1 9 11

Europe 0.6 9.6 8.5 0.4 0.3 -3 1 11

North America 0.6 9.1 8.1 0.4 0.3 -3 2 12

Middle East 0.3 3.9 3.5 0.2 0.1 -2 -7 5

All other regions 0.1 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 -7 -12 3

Europe

World 80.7 100.0 100.0 40.3 41.4 7 14 11

Europe 61.3 77.3 76.0 31.2 31.5 6 15 10

Asia 4.9 5.8 6.0 2.3 2.5 8 16 14

North America 4.7 6.3 5.9 2.5 2.4 5 6 15

Africa 4.4 5.4 5.5 2.2 2.3 7 13 8

Middle East 1.6 1.9 2.0 0.8 0.8 8 13 21

Other economies in Asia

World 80.0 100.0 100.0 40.1 41.1 7 13 16

Asia 40.5 57.0 50.6 22.8 20.8 3 11 11

Europe 11.6 13.3 14.5 5.3 6.0 9 22 18

North America 11.3 12.6 14.2 5.1 5.8 10 13 18

Middle East 6.4 6.7 8.0 2.7 3.3 12 15 19

Africa 5.0 4.5 6.3 1.8 2.6 16 26 30

North America

World 16.7 100.0 100.0 10.2 8.6 1 1 9

North America 10.4 69.0 62.2 7.0 5.3 -1 -1 8

Asia 1.6 9.3 9.3 0.9 0.8 2 9 9

Europe 1.3 9.9 7.6 1.0 0.6 -5 1 5

Middle East 0.1 1.0 0.9 0.1 0.1 -1 0 8

Table IV.73

Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 4115 100.0 1 7 World 20662 100.0 8 13

North America 2443 59.4 -3 5 Asia 11419 55.3 12 17

Asia 1055 25.6 8 10 Europe 3997 19.3 6 12

Europe 494 12.0 12 11 North America 3737 18.1 -2 6

South and Central America 58 1.4 -4 16 South and Central America 663 3.2 16 14

Africa 14 0.3 8 0 Africa 196 0.9 19 -3

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2 0.0 -33 0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 78 0.4 -13 20

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 2322 56.4 -4 5 China 4601 22.3 35 27China 480 11.7 23 27 European Union (25) 3181 15.4 6 10European Union (25) 424 10.3 13 10 Canada 2045 9.9 0 5India 163 4.0 10 11 India 1786 8.6 13 17Mexico 122 3.0 19 4 Mexico 1692 8.2 -4 7

Above 5 3511 85.3 1 8 Above 5 13305 64.4 12 15

Korea, Republic of 103 2.5 -15 -10 Pakistan 1478 7.2 8 18Pakistan 88 2.1 9 -9 Korea, Republic of 1017 4.9 -4 1Taipei, Chinese 74 1.8 -1 6 Taipei, Chinese 718 3.5 -8 -1Turkey 52 1.3 10 21 Turkey 655 3.2 2 22Japan 46 1.1 -2 15 Japan 600 2.9 9 12

Brazil 28 0.7 0 17 Brazil 398 1.9 20 14Indonesia 28 0.7 -3 -13 Thailand 380 1.8 -10 18Israel 24 0.6 33 20 Israel 347 1.7 7 15Bangladesh 22 0.5 144 0 Indonesia 211 1.0 -7 16Thailand 20 0.5 8 -26 Egypt 150 0.7 21 -6

Switzerland 11 0.3 0 0 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 126 0.6 5 -7Iran, Islamic Rep. of 9 0.2 8 -36 Bangladesh 125 0.6 -6 4Colombia 8 0.2 0 14 Philippines 104 0.5 19 -10Egypt 8 0.2 14 0 Hong Kong, China 94 0.5 -32 -11Haiti 7 0.2 50 133 Switzerland 91 0.4 5 11

Hong Kong, China 7 0.2 -38 -46 Dominican Republic 80 0.4 15 5Viet Nam 6 0.1 25 20 Viet Nam 72 0.3 193 76Uruguay 5 0.1 100 -17 Malaysia 68 0.3 -1 -1Australia 4 0.1 0 0 Colombia 54 0.3 24 15Malaysia 4 0.1 0 -20 Bahrain 51 0.2 0 104

South Africa 4 0.1 20 -33 Sri Lanka 47 0.2 -26 -19Philippines 4 0.1 50 33 Bulgaria 42 0.2 179 8Chile 3 0.1 0 -25 Nepal 38 0.2 -3 23Nepal 2 0.0 -50 100 South Africa 38 0.2 9 3New Zealand 2 0.0 0 0 Australia 36 0.2 -3 3

Norway 2 0.0 0 -33 El Salvador 36 0.2 9 0Bulgaria 2 0.0 0 100 Turkmenistan 29 0.1 0 61Romania 2 0.0 -33 0 Argentina 24 0.1 -7 71Sri Lanka 1 0.0 100 -50 United Arab Emirates 22 0.1 5 0El Salvador 1 0.0 0 0 Saudi Arabia 21 0.1 -21 40

Argentina 1 0.0 ... ... New Zealand 21 0.1 -10 11Guatemala 1 0.0 ... ... Romania 19 0.1 10 -17Honduras 1 0.0 ... ... Guatemala 16 0.1 0 7Peru 1 0.0 0 0 Peru 16 0.1 8 23Russian Federation 1 0.0 0 0 Uzbekistan 15 0.1 -30 -21

Above 40 4093 99.5 - - Above 40 20544 99.4 - -

Mexico a European Union (25)

2003 2003 2002 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 5461 100.0 3 -2 World 67972 100 14 9

North America 4240 77.6 2 -3 Europe 52588 77.4 15 8

Asia 735 13.5 3 -1 Asia 11625 17.1 15 17

Europe 347 6.4 17 5 North America 1207 1.8 -1 -5

Africa 2 0.0 79 19 Commonwealth of Independent States 564 0.8 28 10

Commonwealth of Independent States 1 0.0 21 183 South and Central America 241 0.4 18 -2

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 4148 76.0 2 -3 European Union (25) 46980 69.1 14 7European Union (25) 331 6.1 16 7 China 3921 5.8 32 29China 232 4.2 76 9 Turkey 3395 5.0 25 20Korea, Republic of 202 3.7 -29 -7 India 2412 3.5 16 20Taipei, Chinese 103 1.9 0 -12 Pakistan 1739 2.6 23 21

Above 5 5017 91.9 3 -2 Above 5 58447 86.0 16 10

Canada 92 1.7 2 -16 Switzerland 1225 1.8 11 1Hong Kong, China 55 1.0 18 42 United States 1069 1.6 -2 -6Pakistan 42 0.8 18 12 Korea, Republic of 892 1.3 2 -5Brazil 33 0.6 54 13 Japan 590 0.9 -3 4Colombia 27 0.5 30 -3 Indonesia 515 0.8 -5 -2

Japan 25 0.5 6 2 Romania 479 0.7 44 27Indonesia 24 0.4 24 -28 Taipei, Chinese 468 0.7 -2 -9Chile 21 0.4 4 12 Thailand 343 0.5 7 11India 21 0.4 11 -10 Egypt 336 0.5 19 13Thailand 15 0.3 -6 -9 Tunisia 283 0.4 12 14

Guatemala 15 0.3 16 24 Israel 248 0.4 10 7Uruguay 11 0.2 22 12 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 245 0.4 4 6Turkey 9 0.2 28 -33 Bangladesh 214 0.3 7 52Malaysia 7 0.1 -10 7 Bulgaria 214 0.3 27 31Israel 7 0.1 23 55 Russian Federation 192 0.3 13 5

El Salvador 5 0.1 73 8 Malaysia 166 0.2 15 11Switzerland 4 0.1 16 -13 Brazil 161 0.2 19 -4Argentina 4 0.1 72 -63 Morocco 150 0.2 -11 28Costa Rica 3 0.1 36 31 Norway 147 0.2 -5 16Peru 3 0.1 10 41 Viet Nam 121 0.2 38 26

Bangladesh 2 0.0 -49 -24 South Africa 119 0.2 23 17Sri Lanka 2 0.0 39 25 Uzbekistan 107 0.2 44 8Bulgaria 1 0.0 93 -42 Syrian Arab Republic 103 0.2 29 -2Ukraine 1 0.0 23 189 Belarus 99 0.1 36 13Hungary 1 0.0 214 55 Croatia 87 0.1 19 2

South Africa 1 0.0 162 -23 Hong Kong, China 84 0.1 4 17Singapore 1 0.0 -45 21 Ukraine 74 0.1 46 2Philippines 1 0.0 238 -35 Canada 72 0.1 -1 12Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 1 0.0 -8 -69 Mexico 66 0.1 23 3Ecuador 1 0.0 -50 -40 United Arab Emirates 65 0.1 32 29

Egypt 1 0.0 -7 45 Nepal 60 0.1 -1 15Viet Nam 1 0.0 -65 34 Bahrain 47 0.1 0 -10Romania 1 0.0 100 3000 Philippines 40 0.1 27 21Australia 1 0.0 -57 100 Moldova 37 0.1 17 40Nepal 0 0.0 175 114 Turkmenistan 32 0.0 8 54

Above 40 5454 99.9 - - Above 40 67596 99.4 - -

China b Japan

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 15304 100.0 9 8 World 5599 100.0 11 11

Asia 14196 92.8 8 7 Asia 4443 79.4 13 12

Europe 731 4.8 15 26 Europe 802 14.3 11 8

North America 337 2.2 31 20 North America 283 5.1 -6 5

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 10 0.1 36 30 South and Central America 23 0.4 -4 2

South and Central America 9 0.1 90 -47 Africa 11 0.2 8 4

Africa 5 0.0 -8 -1 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 9 0.2 24 -3

Suppliers Suppliers

Japan 3321 21.7 13 15 China 2779 49.6 13 14Taipei, Chinese 3285 21.5 3 3 European Union (25) 751 13.4 11 8Korea, Republic of 2523 16.5 5 3 Indonesia 360 6.4 24 4China 2449 16.0 25 8 Korea, Republic of 317 5.7 7 4Hong Kong, China 1287 8.4 0 -4 Taipei, Chinese 303 5.4 13 26

Above 5 12865 84.1 9 6 Above 5 4510 80.5 13 12

European Union (25) 683 4.5 14 25 United States 267 4.8 -7 5Pakistan 450 2.9 -3 -2 Thailand 176 3.2 42 19United States 310 2.0 29 18 India 168 3.0 -1 -4Thailand 219 1.4 44 57 Viet Nam 114 2.0 11 22Indonesia 200 1.3 -4 -7 Pakistan 87 1.6 -6 14

India 186 1.2 -18 35 Malaysia 57 1.0 -10 -5Malaysia 92 0.6 -4 49 Switzerland 29 0.5 -7 25Singapore 52 0.3 16 -12 Philippines 28 0.5 5 -13Macao, China 45 0.3 19 -30 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 25 0.5 -9 30Australia 28 0.2 21 14 Hong Kong, China 20 0.4 22 23

Viet Nam 27 0.2 48 10 Turkey 19 0.3 15 -11Turkey 24 0.2 48 53 Brazil 14 0.3 -22 31Switzerland 21 0.1 85 37 Bangladesh 11 0.2 7 6Canada 19 0.1 63 69 Canada 10 0.2 12 10Cambodia 9 0.1 2160 168 Macao, China 8 0.1 45 8

Philippines 9 0.1 6 27 Australia 7 0.1 17 2Mexico 8 0.1 49 21 Peru 7 0.1 2 -26Israel 5 0.0 211 157 Mexico 6 0.1 56 6Mongolia 5 0.0 59 -8 Uzbekistan 5 0.1 35 -12Russian Federation 5 0.0 50 29 Egypt 5 0.1 -16 0

New Zealand 5 0.0 -1 135 South Africa 4 0.1 39 -4Belarus 4 0.0 96 47 New Zealand 3 0.0 69 45Bahrain 4 0.0 -45 136 Singapore 2 0.0 96 1Brazil 4 0.0 143 -72 Russian Federation 2 0.0 -39 69Saudi Arabia 2 0.0 307 29 Sri Lanka 2 0.0 -29 32

Bangladesh 2 0.0 4 77 Israel 2 0.0 127 -44South Africa 2 0.0 -16 13 Tanzania 1 0.0 52 -7Peru 2 0.0 -6 -5 Ukraine 1 0.0 85 -17Argentina 2 0.0 -53 282 Argentina 1 0.0 ... 296United Arab Emirates 2 0.0 227 6 Bulgaria 1 0.0 82 10

Nigeria 1 0.0 68 445 Uruguay 1 0.0 173 -56Norway 1 0.0 -12 10 Tunisia 1 0.0 -94 7300Egypt 1 0.0 -17 -48 Myanmar 1 0.0 20 -33Uruguay 1 0.0 298 -12 Nepal 1 0.0 65 -30Sri Lanka 1 0.0 51 4 Norway 1 0.0 -36 107

Above 40 15297 100.0 - - Above 40 5596 99.9 - -

b In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for 16 percent of its textile imports. For further information, see box 2.

Table IV.74

Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 71.29 - - 36.5 36.6 6 3 14 10

extra-EU (25) exports 24.31 - - 11.2 12.5 9 5 15 15

China a, b 33.43 4.6 6.9 10.4 17.2 20 22 31 24

Hong Kong, China 14.30 3.2 7.9 8.7 7.3 2 2 5 9

domestic exports 0.68 1.7 2.1 0.8 0.4 -13 -7 -23 -10

re-exports 13.61 1.6 5.8 7.9 7.0 3 3 8 10

United States 11.99 6.8 4.8 7.1 6.2 2 2 2 10

Korea, Republic of 10.84 4.0 5.8 8.2 5.6 -4 0 -2 1

Taipei, Chinese 10.04 3.2 5.9 7.7 5.2 -4 -4 -2 8

Japan 7.14 9.3 5.6 4.5 3.7 0 -3 7 11

India c 6.85 2.4 2.1 3.9 4.0 6 12 14 ...

Turkey 6.43 0.6 1.4 2.4 3.3 15 8 24 22

Pakistan 6.12 1.6 2.6 2.9 3.1 8 6 21 5

Indonesia 3.15 0.1 1.2 2.3 1.6 -3 -10 1 8

Thailand d 2.63 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.3 8 1 14 21

Canada 2.43 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.2 2 1 4 7

Mexico a, d 2.24 0.2 0.7 1.7 1.1 -3 6 -5 7

Switzerland 1.60 2.8 2.5 1.0 0.8 2 -2 6 7

Above 15 176.85 - - 92.1 91.3 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 67.97 - - 33.8 33.0 5 2 14 9

extra-EU (25) imports 20.99 - - 9.9 10.2 7 0 15 14

United States 20.66 4.5 6.2 9.8 10.0 7 10 8 13

China a, b 15.30 1.9 4.9 7.8 7.4 5 4 9 8

Hong Kong, China 14.11 - - - - 1 -1 7 9

retained imports 0.50 3.7 3.8 0.9 0.2 -23 -39 -4 -17

Mexico a, d, e 5.79 0.2 0.9 3.6 2.8 0 3 -2 6

Japan 5.60 2.9 3.8 3.0 2.7 3 -5 11 11

Turkey 4.17 0.1 0.5 1.3 2.0 18 48 21 21

Canada e 4.11 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.0 0 0 1 7

Korea, Republic of 3.38 0.7 1.8 2.1 1.6 0 6 -3 8

Viet Nam d 3.35 ... ... 0.8 1.6 25 60 35 20

Romania 3.33 ... 0.1 1.0 1.6 18 18 21 16

United Arab Emirates c 2.15 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.2 ... 9 6 ...

Russian Federation d 2.10 - - 0.8 1.0 14 3 24 14

Australia e 1.83 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.9 3 13 13 10

Thailand d 1.81 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.9 3 3 3 11

Above 15 142.06 - - 70.7 69.1 - - - -

b In 2004, China reported imports of textiles from China amounting to nearly $2 billion. For further information, see box 2.

d Includes Secretariat estimates.

e Imports are valued f.o.b.

- - - -

Table IV.75

Textile exports of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 104354 I 154571 154304 172470 194732 2.5 2.2

Argentina 158 257 190 154 198 1.0 0.6Australia 152 347 283 309 328 0.6 0.3Bangladesh 343 355 443 476 388 5.6 4.8Belarus - 410 381 449 514 5.6 3.7Brazil 769 897 841 1106 1244 1.6 1.3Bulgaria 119 180 243 310 2.5 3.1Canada 687 2204 2181 2264 2431 0.8 0.8Chile 33 114 83 87 109 0.6 0.3China b 7219 16135 20562 26900 33428 6.5 5.6Colombia c 133 268 205 228 240 2.1 1.5

Croatia - 87 82 111 118 2.0 1.5Egypt c 554 323 251 278 298 6.9 3.9El Salvador b, c 38 79 70 72 77 2.7 2.3European Union (25) - 56456 57040 64907 71287 2.3 1.9

FYR Macedonia ... 37 36 42 53 2.8 3.2Hong Kong, China 8213 13441 12422 13087 14296 6.6 5.4

India 2180 5998 6028 6846 ... 13.3 10.9Indonesia 1241 3505 2896 2923 3152 5.4 4.4Iran, Islamic Rep. of 510 766 726 800 ... 2.7 2.4Israel 270 490 538 606 683 1.6 1.8

Japan 5871 7023 6030 6431 7138 1.5 1.3Korea, Republic of 6076 12710 10945 10779 10839 7.4 4.3Macao, China 136 272 326 303 313 10.7 11.1Malaysia b 343 1270 994 1017 1227 1.3 1.0Mauritius 36 81 68 77 83 5.2 4.2Mexico b, c 713 2571 2210 2096 2237 1.5 1.2Morocco b 203 I 123 139 129 147 1.7 1.5Nepal 82 182 ... 107 ... 22.7 16.2New Zealand 135 142 169 222 252 1.1 1.2Pakistan 2663 4532 4790 5811 6125 50.2 45.8

Peru 221 128 103 119 149 1.8 1.2Philippines b, c 132 297 249 270 288 0.7 0.7Romania 125 ... 310 444 562 2.4Russian Federation c - 439 431 554 695 0.4 0.4Singapore 903 907 738 706 698 0.7 0.4

South Africa 167 240 I 248 298 301 0.8 0.7Sri Lanka c 25 244 171 161 157 4.5 2.7Switzerland 2557 1503 1421 1499 1604 1.9 1.4Syrian Arab Republic 555 158 168 241 ... 3.4 4.2

Taipei, Chinese 6128 11891 9531 9303 10038 8.0 5.8Tanzania ... 11 14 20 38 1.7 2.6Thailand c 928 1960 1897 2161 2625 2.8 2.7Tunisia 112 154 227 268 323 2.6 3.3Turkey 1440 3672 4244 5262 6428 13.2 10.2Ukraine c - 127 158 205 225 0.9 0.7United States 5039 10952 10664 10886 11989 1.4 1.5Uruguay 85 65 41 53 63 2.8 2.1Viet Nam ... 598 848 ... ... 4.1 5.1

Table IV.76

Textile imports of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Argentina 53 619 170 454 585 2.5 2.6Australia b 1442 1632 1472 1662 1828 2.3 1.7Bahrain 71 176 188 152 161 3.8 2.4Bangladesh 452 1140 1387 1405 1471 12.8 12.2Belarus - 256 266 322 403 3.0 2.5Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 112 286 185 138 365 1.8 2.4Brazil 252 1110 851 810 1084 1.9 1.6Bulgaria ... 506 722 956 1105 7.8 7.6Cambodia ... 432 643 713 867 30.0 42.0Canada b 2325 4126 3803 3849 4115 1.7 1.5

Chile 203 431 355 359 421 2.3 1.7China c 5292 12832 13060 14217 15304 5.7 2.7Colombia 75 558 522 548 685 4.8 4.1Costa Rica c, d 83 I 165 180 188 203 2.6 2.5Croatia - 249 370 428 453 3.2 2.7Ecuador 22 113 127 122 159 3.0 2.0Egypt d 211 206 190 206 274 1.5 2.1El Salvador c, d 111 364 388 423 481 7.4 7.7European Union (25) e - 55264 54430 62236 67972 2.2 1.8

retained imports 4140 1451 623 601 498 4.2 1.8

India 240 575 896 1110 ... 1.1 1.4Indonesia 785 1251 878 663 739 2.9 1.3Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 298 239 317 ... 2.1 1.2Israel 474 759 641 658 761 2.1 1.9Japan 4133 4935 4532 5031 5599 1.3 1.2Jordan 107 172 381 471 646 3.7 7.9Korea, Republic of 1947 3359 3239 3131 3385 2.1 1.5Kuwait 168 212 ... ... ... 3.0 2.6Lebanon ... 178 189 181 ... 2.9 2.5Macao, China 619 902 801 770 799 40.0 23.0

Malaysia c 951 1114 917 839 967 1.4 0.9Mauritius c 350 411 348 358 335 19.6 12.1Mexico b, c, d 992 5822 5571 5458 5790 3.3 2.9Morocco c 361 I 1364 1483 1710 1797 11.8 10.2Nepal d 42 138 ... 142 ... 8.8 8.1New Zealand 396 369 376 430 473 2.7 2.0Norway 554 509 535 596 657 1.5 1.4Pakistan 126 130 191 255 310 1.2 1.7Peru 17 165 198 207 264 2.2 2.6Philippines c, d 910 1250 1093 1070 1136 3.4 2.7

Romania 67 1715 2370 2871 3329 13.1 10.2Russian Federation d - 1248 1482 1833 2099 2.8 2.2Saudi Arabia 1312 986 1001 1053 ... 3.3 2.8Serbia and Montenegro d - 284 424 468 ... 7.7 5.9Singapore 1778 1275 1026 1006 1014 0.9 0.6

retained imports 1016 661 601 588 597 0.9 0.7South Africa b 561 I 570 534 640 821 2.1 1.7Sri Lanka 412 1483 1317 1380 1534 20.7 19.2Switzerland 1849 1326 1287 1464 1615 1.6 1.4Syrian Arab Republic 168 399 252 341 337 10.5 5.4Taipei, Chinese 1013 1460 1164 1181 1251 1.0 0.8

Thailand d 898 1630 1576 1629 1807 2.6 1.9Tunisia 790 1207 1425 1496 1654 14.1 13.0Turkey 567 2124 2839 3441 4170 3.9 4.3Ukraine d - 450 516 643 741 3.2 2.6United Arab Emirates d 983 2055 2000 2147 ... 7.7 5.4United States 6730 15985 16953 18251 20662 1.3 1.4Viet Nam d ... 1379 2071 2795 3354 8.8 10.8

4.6 Clothing

(Percentage)

Chart IV.12

Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2004

Middle East

Africa

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Table IV.77

World trade in clothing, 2004

Value 258

1980-85 4

1985-90 18

1990-95 8

1995-00 5

2000-04 7

2002 5

2003 15

2004 11

Table IV.79

Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and inmanufactures by region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Share of clothing in total merchandise

Share of clothing in manufactures

Table IV.78

Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2004

2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Intra-Asia 29.7 5 12 16

South and Central America to

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to Europe 1.1 9 14 15

Table IV.80

Clothing exports by principal region, 2004

Share in

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 258.10 - - 100.0 100.0 7 15 11

World 120.67 100.0 100.0 46.5 46.8 7 15 13

North America 45.85 41.0 38.0 19.1 17.8 5 11 10

Europe 30.88 24.8 25.6 11.6 12.0 8 19 13

Asia 29.67 26.8 24.6 12.5 11.5 5 12 16

Middle East 3.98 2.6 3.3 1.2 1.5 13 23 18

Africa 2.17 1.1 1.8 0.5 0.8 20 43 34

Europe

World 95.82 100.0 100.0 32.7 37.1 10 20 11

Europe 80.24 82.6 83.7 27.0 31.1 11 21 11

North America 5.26 7.1 5.5 2.3 2.0 4 8 3

Asia 3.73 4.4 3.9 1.4 1.4 7 13 7

Middle East 1.55 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.6 10 7 19

Africa 1.39 1.7 1.4 0.6 0.5 6 11 5

North America

World 14.25 100.0 100.0 9.8 5.5 -7 -6 -4

North America 10.95 69.6 76.8 6.8 4.2 -5 -4 -4

South and Central America 2.10 23.8 14.7 2.3 0.8 -18 -15 -13

Asia 0.57 3.4 4.0 0.3 0.2 -4 -8 9

Europe 0.53 2.7 3.7 0.3 0.2 1 4 18

World 12.76 100.0 100.0 5.5 4.9 4 4 15

North America 11.91 92.3 93.3 5.1 4.6 4 5 15

Europe 0.27 1.7 2.1 0.1 0.1 10 21 32

All other regions 0.06 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 12 48 -8

Africa

World 9.52 100.0 100.0 3.6 3.7 8 20 10

Europe 7.96 79.1 83.6 2.8 3.1 9 19 15

North America 1.20 13.5 12.6 0.5 0.5 6 30 -8

Africa 0.26 3.6 2.7 0.1 0.1 1 13 -5

All other regions 0.10 3.8 1.0 0.1 0.0 -22 -4 -21

Table IV.81

Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 5223 100.0 12 16 World 75731 100.0 7 6

Asia 3724 71.3 15 17 Asia 45536 60.1 10 9

North America 750 14.4 3 11 South and Central America 11901 15.7 5 6

Europe 462 8.8 11 13 North America 8721 11.5 -6 -3

South and Central America 174 3.3 -1 26 Europe 4485 5.9 5 -2

Africa 54 1.0 32 30 Africa 2445 3.2 29 14

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 31 0.6 13 -5 Middle East 2043 2.7 9 15

Middle East 24 0.5 31 -9 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 599 0.8 28 -23

Suppliers Suppliers

China 1850 35.4 17 27 China 14394 19.0 19 20United States 478 9.1 -2 7 Mexico 7005 9.2 -7 -3Bangladesh 348 6.7 142 60 Hong Kong, China 4128 5.5 -5 4European Union (25) 324 6.2 9 8 European Union (25) 2854 3.8 5 0India 313 6.0 15 3 Honduras 2802 3.7 3 7

Above 5 3313 63.4 17 22 Above 5 31182 41.2 5 9

Mexico 272 5.2 14 20 Viet Nam 2748 3.6 160 8Hong Kong, China 230 4.4 -5 -4 Indonesia 2644 3.5 4 12Korea, Republic of 125 2.4 -19 -14 India 2540 3.4 4 10Thailand 110 2.1 18 -11 Thailand 2344 3.1 2 3Cambodia 105 2.0 381 77 Bangladesh 2119 2.8 -2 7

Indonesia 98 1.9 0 -7 Dominican Republic 2106 2.8 -2 -3Taipei, Chinese 91 1.7 -9 -14 Korea, Republic of 2054 2.7 -13 1Turkey 83 1.6 20 15 Guatemala 2026 2.7 6 10Philippines 80 1.5 4 13 Philippines 1909 2.5 1 -3Pakistan 70 1.3 1 0 El Salvador 1760 2.3 3 0

Malaysia 69 1.3 1 -6 Taipei, Chinese 1725 2.3 2 -4Viet Nam 57 1.1 8 35 Canada 1717 2.3 -3 -2Sri Lanka 55 1.1 -3 14 Sri Lanka 1689 2.2 2 8Honduras 53 1.0 -16 37 Macao, China 1523 2.0 12 13Macao, China 45 0.9 11 13 Cambodia 1520 2.0 18 16

Guatemala 25 0.5 27 43 Pakistan 1322 1.7 13 10Bulgaria 25 0.5 25 61 Malaysia 1279 1.7 -1 2El Salvador 21 0.4 -20 4 Turkey 1260 1.7 5 -8Dominican Republic 19 0.4 -15 17 Jordan 1007 1.3 50 65Romania 17 0.3 28 66 Peru 708 0.9 30 35

Peru 17 0.3 49 32 Colombia 616 0.8 48 19Russian Federation 16 0.3 50 -15 Nicaragua 614 0.8 12 23Mongolia 15 0.3 88 26 Costa Rica 528 0.7 -19 -13Myanmar 12 0.2 -9 -40 Lesotho 482 0.6 22 15Lesotho 11 0.2 93 69 Egypt 451 0.6 10 11

Singapore 10 0.2 15 -27 Israel 352 0.5 -4 -14Egypt 10 0.2 -6 30 Russian Federation 347 0.5 34 -32Brazil 10 0.2 40 44 Madagascar 346 0.5 118 63Poland 8 0.2 9 6 Japan 337 0.4 23 29Tunisia 8 0.2 37 34 Haiti 335 0.4 33 11

Above 35 5078 97.2 12 17 Above 35 71590 94.5 7 7- - - -

Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

European Union (25) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 121656 100.0 19 14 World 21688 100.0 11 11

Europe 73904 60.7 20 12 Asia 19489 89.9 11 12

Asia 37465 30.8 20 19 Europe 1815 8.4 8 6

Africa 7683 6.3 13 7 North America 293 1.3 -9 6

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 953 0.8 12 12 Africa 43 0.2 10 34

Middle East 614 0.5 11 19 South and Central America 37 0.2 -4 6

North America 593 0.5 1 18 Middle East 6 0.0 -17 28

South and Central America 415 0.3 16 27 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 4 0.0 5 45

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 55793 45.9 18 12 China 17544 80.9 13 13China 16052 13.2 27 22 European Union (25) 1697 7.8 7 5Turkey 9792 8.0 27 13 Viet Nam 566 2.6 6 14Romania 4829 4.0 22 10 Korea, Republic of 316 1.5 -19 -8Bangladesh 4622 3.8 36 31 Thailand 274 1.3 8 7

Above 5 91087 74.9 22 15 Above 5 20397 94.1 12 11

India 3496 2.9 20 13 United States 259 1.2 -9 9Tunisia 3259 2.7 13 4 Malaysia 150 0.7 9 11Morocco 3044 2.5 14 7 Indonesia 127 0.6 -15 -7Hong Kong, China 2515 2.1 8 2 India 110 0.5 10 15Indonesia 1717 1.4 10 8 Philippines 98 0.4 -4 6

Pakistan 1389 1.1 25 20 Taipei, Chinese 68 0.3 -5 5Bulgaria 1338 1.1 32 18 Hong Kong, China 64 0.3 -10 14Thailand 1297 1.1 15 15 Myanmar 45 0.2 116 39Sri Lanka 1071 0.9 14 25 Romania 42 0.2 53 50Viet Nam 813 0.7 -10 32 Turkey 37 0.2 32 29

Korea, Republic of 799 0.7 12 9 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 26 0.1 -32 -30Switzerland 744 0.6 36 9 Sri Lanka 24 0.1 10 11Malaysia 702 0.6 0 4 Bangladesh 22 0.1 1 15Cambodia 646 0.5 19 35 Tunisia 20 0.1 19 48Mauritius 640 0.5 7 3 Switzerland 20 0.1 16 -1

Croatia 576 0.5 12 9 Mexico 17 0.1 -11 -10Ukraine 540 0.4 14 15 Canada 16 0.1 0 -13Macao, China 536 0.4 9 4 Macao, China 16 0.1 44 18Taipei, Chinese 468 0.4 15 -7 Morocco 13 0.1 -8 23Myanmar 466 0.4 11 35 Hungary 12 0.1 8 -3

Philippines 424 0.3 12 26 Bulgaria 12 0.1 44 3Egypt 424 0.3 21 35 Honduras 10 0.0 -15 12United States 405 0.3 -3 13 Cambodia 10 0.0 62 15TFYR Macedonia 322 0.3 24 20 Pakistan 8 0.0 -6 3United Arab Emirates 279 0.2 12 29 Peru 7 0.0 28 30

Madagascar 198 0.2 10 36 Croatia 6 0.0 -13 29Serbia and Montenegro 177 0.1 14 14 Guatemala 4 0.0 47 -5Israel 161 0.1 10 14 Singapore 4 0.0 -24 19Lao People's Dem. Rep. 147 0.1 4 18 El Salvador 4 0.0 -25 12Belarus 144 0.1 18 1 New Zealand 4 0.0 27 35

Bosnia and Herzegovina 141 0.1 18 12 Mauritius 4 0.0 20 -11Albania 137 0.1 32 15 Madagascar 4 0.0 29 190Japan 132 0.1 10 10 Brazil 3 0.0 -13 18Canada 124 0.1 21 43 Australia 3 0.0 24 7Syrian Arab Republic 120 0.1 6 11 Nepal 3 0.0 0 -10

Above 40 120479 99.0 - - Above 40 21670 99.9 - -

Table IV.82

Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2004

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 74.92 - - 27.0 29.0 9 6 18 9

extra-EU (25) exports 19.13 - - 6.9 7.4 9 4 13 11

China a 61.86 4.0 8.9 18.3 24.0 14 13 26 19

Hong Kong, China 25.10 12.3 14.2 12.3 9.7 1 -4 3 8

domestic exports 8.14 11.5 8.6 5.0 3.2 -5 -10 -2 -1

re-exports 16.96 0.8 5.7 7.2 6.6 4 -1 6 13

Turkey 11.19 0.3 3.1 3.3 4.3 14 21 24 12

Mexico a, b 7.20 0.0 0.5 4.4 2.8 -4 -3 -5 -2

India c 6.62 1.7 2.3 3.1 2.8 7 10 10 ...

United States 5.06 3.1 2.4 4.4 2.0 -12 -14 -8 -9

Romania 4.72 ... 0.3 1.2 1.8 19 17 25 16

Indonesia 4.45 0.2 1.5 2.4 1.7 -2 -13 4 8

Bangladesh 4.44 0.0 0.6 2.0 1.7 3 -7 13 0

Thailand b 4.05 0.7 2.6 1.9 1.6 1 0 1 12

Viet Nam b 3.98 ... ... 0.9 1.5 22 41 35 12

Korea, Republic of 3.39 7.3 7.3 2.5 1.3 -9 -8 -8 -7

Tunisia 3.27 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 10 4 1 20

Pakistan 3.03 0.3 0.9 1.1 1.2 9 4 22 12

Above 15 206.32 - - 78.6 80.3 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 121.66 - - 39.9 45.0 10 7 19 14

extra-EU (25) imports 65.86 - - 20.9 24.4 11 7 20 15

United States 75.73 16.4 24.0 32.4 28.0 3 1 7 6

Japan 21.69 3.6 7.8 9.5 8.0 2 -8 11 11

Hong Kong, China 17.13 1.6 6.2 7.7 6.3 2 -2 2 7

retained imports 0.17 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.1 -44 -16 -38 -83

Russian Federation b 5.46 - - 1.3 2.0 19 27 25 13

Canada d 5.22 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.9 9 2 12 16

Switzerland 4.34 3.4 3.1 1.5 1.6 8 7 15 9

Australia d 2.67 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 9 11 20 22

Mexico a, b, d 2.58 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.0 -8 -5 -9 -15

Singapore 2.06 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.8 2 7 8 6

retained imports 0.56 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 18 -7 12

United Arab Emirates b, c 2.05 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 ... 15 15 ...

Norway 1.67 1.7 1.1 0.6 0.6 7 10 13 8

China a 1.54 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.6 7 6 5 8

Saudi Arabia c 1.03 1.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 ... 6 13 ...

Above 15 250.61 - - 93.7 93.0 - - - -

b Includes Secretariat estimates.

- - - -

Table IV.83

Clothing exports of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 108129 I 197413 203038 232488 258097 3.1 2.9

Albania ... 97 120 153 196 37.1 32.9Bahrain 21 261 375 206 177 4.2 2.4Bangladesh 643 3907 3947 4461 4442 61.2 54.5Belarus - 262 292 341 401 3.6 2.9Brazil 247 282 221 296 350 0.5 0.4Brunei Darussalam 10 ... 207 218 ... ... 5.3Bulgaria ... 701 1092 1500 1753 14.5 17.7Cambodia ... 970 1313 1600 1981 69.8 70.8Canada 328 2077 1989 1966 1995 0.8 0.6China b 9669 36071 41302 52061 61856 14.5 10.4

Colombia 460 520 523 637 868 4.0 5.4Costa Rica b, c 54 I 385 397 302 263 6.6 4.2Croatia - 469 511 595 631 10.6 7.9Dominican Republic b, c 782 2868 2366 2278 2262 50.0 39.3Egypt c 144 243 208 233 284 5.2 3.7El Salvador b, c 184 1673 1841 1964 2083 56.9 63.2European Union (25) - 53273 57958 68455 74921 2.2 2.0

Fiji 80 156 106 135 146 26.7 21.5FYR Macedonia - 318 334 409 478 24.1 28.8Honduras c 64 472 475 510 551 34.5 35.8

India 2530 6178 6037 6625 ... 13.7 10.5Indonesia 1646 4734 3945 4105 4454 7.2 6.2Israel 482 729 549 485 525 2.3 1.4Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 125 183 228 ... 0.4 0.7Jordan 11 115 520 683 1017 6.1 25.7Korea, Republic of 7879 5027 3962 3640 3391 2.9 1.3Lesotho ... 261 234 290 335 77.7 46.1Macao, China 1111 1849 1648 1834 1952 72.8 69.4Malaysia b 1315 2257 2000 2057 2326 2.3 1.8

Mauritius 619 948 949 980 939 60.9 46.9Mexico b, c 587 8631 7751 7343 7197 5.2 3.8Moldova - 76 98 119 157 16.0 15.9Morocco 722 I 2401 2437 2847 3020 32.3 30.9Nepal 50 209 ... 226 ... 26.0 34.1Pakistan 1014 2144 2228 2710 3026 23.8 22.6Peru 120 504 530 653 883 7.2 7.0Philippines b, c 1733 2536 2611 2250 2270 6.4 5.7Romania 363 2328 3251 4069 4717 22.5 20.1Russian Federation c - 460 538 673 535 0.4 0.3

Serbia and Montenegro c - 130 158 176 ... 7.6 6.6Singapore 1588 1825 1653 1798 1822 1.3 1.0

South Africa 85 I 218 256 310 257 0.7 0.6Sri Lanka c 638 2812 2350 2513 2763 51.8 48.0Switzerland 686 607 763 1113 1257 0.8 1.1Taipei, Chinese 3987 3015 2187 2102 1951 2.0 1.1Thailand c 2817 3757 3571 3615 4050 5.4 4.2Tunisia 1126 2227 2696 2722 3268 38.1 33.7Turkey 3331 6533 8057 9962 11193 23.5 17.7Ukraine c - 417 503 568 671 2.9 2.1United States 2565 8629 6032 5537 5059 1.1 0.6Uruguay 153 103 50 60 68 4.5 2.3Viet Nam c ... 1821 2633 3555 3982 12.6 15.5

Table IV.84

Clothing imports of selected economies, 1990-04

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Albania ... 68 98 126 143 6.3 6.3Argentina 6 316 57 70 119 1.3 0.5Australia b 711 1858 1819 2190 2667 2.6 2.5Bangladesh 14 185 182 ... 130 2.1 1.1Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 101 390 247 125 226 2.4 1.5Brazil 59 185 153 154 215 0.3 0.3Bulgaria ... 179 327 455 491 2.8 3.4Canada b 2388 3690 4013 4501 5223 1.5 1.9Chile 52 501 488 502 666 2.7 2.7China c 48 1192 1356 1422 1542 0.5 0.3

Costa Rica c, d 17 I 308 265 203 179 4.8 2.2Croatia - 278 251 331 378 3.5 2.3Ecuador 1 23 64 80 121 0.6 1.5El Salvador c, d 171 569 645 690 554 11.5 8.8European Union (25) e - 82699 89519 106865 121656 3.2 3.2

retained imports 773 1728 1609 994 170 5.0 0.6Iceland 75 88 78 104 117 3.4 3.3India 2 26 30 45 ... 0.1 0.1Indonesia 16 39 42 27 54 0.1 0.1Israel 61 471 541 541 625 1.3 1.5

Japan 8765 19709 17601 19485 21687 5.2 4.8Jordan 28 61 93 99 126 1.3 1.5Korea, Republic of 151 1307 2256 2547 2747 0.8 1.2Kuwait 206 317 ... ... ... 4.4 4.2Lebanon ... 171 239 263 ... 2.8 3.7Macao, China 26 214 292 306 400 9.5 11.5Malaysia c 76 148 168 172 244 0.2 0.2Mexico b, c, d 573 3602 3342 3034 2583 2.1 1.3Morocco c 8 I 232 257 282 309 2.0 1.8New Zealand 149 401 429 520 619 2.9 2.7

Norway 1231 1287 1361 1542 1666 3.7 3.5Peru 1 59 90 108 92 0.8 0.9Philippines c, d 14 75 66 83 90 0.2 0.2Romania 26 322 ... 581 645 2.5 2.0Russian Federation d - 2689 3860 4824 5461 6.0 5.7Saudi Arabia 833 813 909 1026 ... 2.7 2.8Serbia and Montenegro d - 46 97 145 ... 1.2 1.8Singapore 920 1881 1808 1944 2060 1.4 1.3

retained imports 328 560 541 501 562 0.7 0.7South Africa b 108 I 223 207 349 620 0.8 1.3Sri Lanka 11 ... 103 105 113 1.4

Switzerland 3437 3160 3449 3977 4343 3.8 3.9Taipei, Chinese 290 978 832 823 993 0.7 0.6Thailand d 29 131 138 156 197 0.2 0.2Tunisia 191 438 541 540 626 5.1 4.9Turkey 16 264 283 422 651 0.5 0.7Ukraine d - 60 94 128 124 0.4 0.4United Arab Emirates d 514 1422 1780 2047 ... 5.3 5.2United States 26977 67115 66731 71277 75731 5.3 5.0Viet Nam d ... 450 331 480 430 2.9 1.4

5. Commercial services

5.1 Transportation services

Chart IV.13

World exports of transportation servicesand share in total commercial services, 1997-04(Billion dollars and percentage)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 200420

50Share (right scale)Value (left scale)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

All other

regions

North America

Europe

Exports

Imports

Chart IV.14Regional shares in world trade in transportationservices, 2004(Percentage)

Table IV.85

World exports of transportation services, 2004

Value 500

1990-95 6

1995-00 3

2000-04 10

2002 4

2003 14

2004 23

Share in world exports of commercial services 23.6

Table IV.86

Share of transportation services in total trade ofcommercial services by selected region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Europe 22.8 23.3

European Union (25) 22.6 22.6

Africa 24.6 41.9

Asia 28.5 34.9

Table IV.87

Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

United States 56.0 14.5 11.2 3 0 3 18

Germany 33.2 5.7 6.6 14 15 13 23

Japan 32.1 7.4 6.4 6 0 10 21

United Kingdom 27.1 5.5 5.4 9 1 20 28

France 25.6 5.3 5.1 8 3 15 19

Netherlands 23.8 4.8 4.7 9 0 15 17

Denmark 21.7 4.1 4.3 11 0 24 19

Hong Kong, China 17.2 3.7 3.4 8 11 4 24

Greece 16.6 2.3 3.3 20 -2 35 53

Norway 14.9 2.7 3.0 12 3 16 21

Singapore 13.8 3.4 2.7 4 5 -2 17

Italy 13.2 2.7 2.6 9 12 8 32

Spain 13.0 2.3 2.6 13 9 22 14

Belgium 12.5 - 2.5 - - 15 27

Above 15 345.0 - 68.4 - - 13 23

Importers

United States 77.5 15.7 13.1 4 -5 13 18

Japan 42.7 8.4 7.2 5 -3 8 25

Germany 40.4 6.1 6.8 12 16 20 15

United Kingdom 32.9 5.8 5.6 8 8 13 17

France 26.2 4.3 4.4 10 3 19 23

China 24.5 2.5 4.2 24 20 34 35

Italy 19.4 3.1 3.3 10 13 21 21

Netherlands 17.1 3.1 2.9 7 1 18 12

Denmark 16.9 2.6 2.9 11 -2 23 20

Singapore 16.4 3.1 2.8 6 3 5 22

India 13.7 2.1 2.3 12 0 10 47

Spain 12.9 2.0 2.2 12 7 21 16

Canada 12.1 2.2 2.1 7 0 13 19

Belgium 11.0 - 1.9 - - 17 22

Above 15 380.0 - 64.7 - - 16 21

5.2 Travel services

Chart IV.15

World exports of travel services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share (right scale)

Value (left scale)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

All other

regions

America

Europe

Exports

Imports

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Chart IV.16

Regional shares in world trade in travelservices, 2004(Percentage)

Table IV.88

World exports of travel services, 2004

Value 625

1990-95 9

1995-00 3

2000-04 7

2002 4

2003 10

2004 18

Share in world exports of commercial services 29.4

Table IV.89

Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Europe 28.1 29.3

Africa 51.0 20.0

Asia 26.6 25.8

Table IV.90

Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

United States 95.5 20.6 15.3 -1 -4 -1 14

Spain 46.2 6.5 7.4 11 3 24 11

France 40.7 6.5 6.5 7 7 13 11

Italy 35.6 5.8 5.7 7 4 16 14

Germany 27.6 3.9 4.4 10 7 20 19

United Kingdom 27.3 4.6 4.4 6 9 10 20

China 25.7 3.4 4.1 12 15 -15 48

Turkey 15.9 1.6 2.5 20 5 56 20

Austria 15.4 2.1 2.5 11 8 25 10

Greece 12.9 1.9 2.1 9 9 8 20

Australia 12.7 1.8 2.0 11 7 20 23

Canada 12.7 2.3 2.0 4 1 -1 20

Japan a 11.3 1.8 1.8 8 6 1 27

Mexico 10.8 1.7 1.7 7 5 6 15

Switzerland 10.3 1.6 1.6 7 5 18 10

Above 15 400.0 66.1 64.0 6 3 10 17

Importers

Germany 71.9 12.0 12.3 8 2 23 11

United States 67.8 15.3 11.6 0 -3 -2 14

United Kingdom 55.8 8.7 9.6 10 10 15 17

Japan 38.3 7.3 6.6 5 0 9 32

France 28.5 4.1 4.9 12 8 20 22

Italy 20.5 3.6 3.5 7 14 22 0

China 19.1 3.0 3.3 10 11 -1 26

Netherlands 16.5 2.8 2.8 8 8 12 13

Canada 15.9 2.8 2.7 6 -3 13 20

Belgium 13.8 - 2.4 - - 19 13

Hong Kong, China 13.3 2.8 2.3 2 1 -8 16

Korea, Republic of 12.0 1.6 2.1 14 37 -5 20

Austria 11.3 1.9 1.9 8 6 24 -4

Spain 11.1 1.2 1.9 19 12 24 34

Above 15 410.0 - 70.5 - - 11 16

a Secretariat estimates for exports prior to 2003 are based on the new methodology applied by the Bank of Japan. See the Technical Notes.

5.3 Other commercial services

Chart IV.17

World exports of other commercial services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value (left scale)

50Share (right scale)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

0 20 40 60

All other

regions

America

Europe

Exports

Imports

Chart IV.18Regional shares in world trade in other commercial services, 2004(Percentage)

Table IV.91

World exports of other commercial services, 2004

1990-95 10

1995-00 7

2000-04 11

2002 10

2003 16

2004 16

Share in world trade in commercial services 47.0

Table IV.92

Share of other commercial services in total tradeof commercial services by selected region, 2004(Percentage)

Exports Imports

Europe 49.1 47.4

Africa 24.4 38.1

Asia 44.9 39.3

Table IV.93

Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2004

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

United States 166.8 19.7 16.7 6 8 9 7

United Kingdom 117.5 11.6 11.8 11 13 13 15

Germany 73.0 6.2 7.3 15 18 23 11

Japan 51.5 5.9 5.2 7 3 9 27

France 43.2 4.7 4.3 9 2 16 9

Ireland 40.3 2.2 4.0 29 25 35 26

Netherlands 38.9 3.7 3.9 12 13 15 16

Italy 33.1 2.9 3.3 15 2 23 15

India 30.9 ... 3.1 ... 17 19 ...

Belgium 27.7 - 2.8 - - 22 10

Hong Kong, China 27.4 3.0 2.7 8 4 11 11

Luxembourg 27.4 - 2.7 - - 24 36

Spain 25.3 2.2 2.5 15 14 22 10

Canada 24.9 3.2 2.5 4 6 9 4

China 24.2 1.5 2.4 24 27 59 15

Above 15 750.0 - 75.3 - - 16 15

Importers

United States 114.7 12.4 12.5 11 12 12 11

Germany 80.7 9.3 8.8 9 -3 15 14

Japan 53.0 7.9 5.8 2 1 -3 13

Ireland 51.1 4.2 5.5 18 19 25 12

United Kingdom 47.3 5.5 5.1 9 8 13 10

France 41.6 3.9 4.5 15 17 21 12

Italy 40.8 4.2 4.4 12 5 19 11

Netherlands 38.8 4.0 4.2 12 12 15 10

Spain 29.7 2.8 3.2 14 11 24 13

Austria 29.5 2.9 3.2 13 15 14 19

China 27.9 2.0 3.0 23 24 26 30

Canada 27.8 3.5 3.0 6 7 11 5

Belgium 23.5 - 2.6 - - 21 11

India 22.1 ... 2.4 ... 12 36 ...

Above 15 650.0 - 70.4 - - 15 14

Chart IV.19

World exports of other commercial services by component and selected region, 2003(Percentage)

Communications services

Construction services

Insurance services

Financial services

Computer and information services

Royalties and license fees

Personal, cultural, and recreationalservices

Other business services

Asia Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

EuropeNorth America

Note: Excluding intra-EU(15) trade.

Appendix tablesTable A1

World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-04

(Index, 1995=100)

Value Volume

WorldExports Exports Production GDP

Fuels FuelsAgricultural and mining Agricultural and mining

Total a products products Manufactures Total a products products Manufactures Total Agriculture Mining Manufacturing

1950 1 5 2 1 6 20 14 3 17 34 27 12 17

1951 2 6 2 1 7 21 15 4 19 34 30 13 18

1952 2 5 3 1 7 21 17 4 19 35 31 14 19

1953 2 5 3 1 8 22 19 4 21 37 31 15 20

1954 2 5 3 1 9 22 20 5 21 37 31 15 21

1955 2 6 3 1 10 24 22 5 23 38 35 17 22

1956 2 6 4 1 10 25 23 6 24 40 37 18 23

1957 2 6 4 1 11 27 25 6 24 40 38 19 24

1958 2 6 4 1 11 28 24 6 24 43 37 18 24

1959 2 6 4 1 12 31 25 7 26 44 39 21 25

1960 3 7 4 2 14 33 31 8 28 45 42 22 27

1961 3 7 4 2 14 35 32 8 29 46 45 24 28

1962 3 7 4 2 15 35 33 9 32 48 48 26 30

1963 3 8 5 2 17 36 35 10 33 49 50 28 31

1964 4 8 5 2 19 38 38 12 36 51 54 30 33

1965 4 8 6 3 20 40 40 12 38 51 56 33 35

1966 4 9 6 3 22 41 42 14 41 53 59 36 37

1967 4 9 7 3 23 42 46 14 43 55 61 38 38

1968 5 9 8 4 25 45 52 17 45 56 65 40 40

1969 6 10 8 4 28 47 55 20 48 56 66 44 43

1970 6 11 10 5 31 49 62 21 50 58 71 46 45

1971 7 12 11 6 33 50 63 23 53 60 74 48 47

1972 8 14 12 7 36 53 67 26 56 60 76 51 50

1973 12 21 18 9 40 53 74 29 60 63 81 56 54

1974 17 25 40 12 42 51 72 32 62 64 83 58 55

1975 18 25 39 13 39 51 64 31 61 66 78 56 55

1976 20 28 45 15 44 55 68 34 65 67 84 61 58

1977 23 32 50 17 46 57 70 36 67 69 87 63 61

1978 26 36 51 21 48 61 74 38 70 71 88 66 63

1979 33 45 75 25 50 64 78 40 73 71 96 69 66

1980 40 51 106 29 52 68 73 42 73 72 94 70 68

1981 40 50 103 29 51 72 66 44 73 75 86 70 69

1982 37 46 92 28 50 70 62 43 72 77 80 69 70

1983 36 45 84 28 51 71 61 45 74 77 79 71 72

1984 38 48 84 30 56 73 64 50 78 81 82 77 75

1985 38 45 81 32 57 72 64 53 80 83 81 79 78

1986 42 50 62 38 59 71 69 55 82 85 84 82 81

1987 49 58 68 45 63 75 71 58 85 85 85 85 84

1988 56 65 69 53 68 77 75 64 89 87 89 90 87

1989 60 68 80 56 72 79 78 69 93 90 94 93 91

1990 68 71 92 65 75 80 80 73 94 92 94 94 93

1991 69 72 86 67 78 82 83 76 93 93 94 93 94

1992 74 77 85 72 82 87 87 79 94 95 95 93 95

1993 74 74 82 72 85 88 90 83 94 95 97 92 96

1994 84 85 87 83 93 96 96 92 96 98 98 95 98

1995 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

1996 104 103 114 104 105 104 103 105 104 104 103 103 103

1997 108 102 117 108 116 110 111 117 109 107 106 109 107

1998 107 97 93 111 121 112 114 122 111 109 107 112 109

1999 111 93 107 114 127 113 114 129 115 112 106 116 112

2000 125 94 159 126 140 117 119 145 121 114 110 123 117

2001 120 94 144 121 139 119 118 143 119 116 110 121 118

2002 126 100 144 128 144 124 119 149 122 118 110 125 120

2003 146 116 176 147 151 128 124 157 127 121 114 129 123

2004 178 133 234 177 165 132 131 172 132 124 118 134 127

a Includes unspecified products.Note : See the Technical Notes for the estimation of world aggregates of merchandise exports, production and GDP.

Table A2

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

South and CentralDestination World a America Europe

United Other RussianTotal States Total EU (25) Europe Total Federation

Origin

World 2002 6299.00 1468.36 1111.76 179.18 2745.43 2524.92 220.51 98.28 58.212003 7342.00 1582.82 1204.38 190.31 3299.19 3024.69 274.50 130.47 76.062004 8907.00 1852.18 1414 242.17 3956.50 3610.96 345.54 179.28 103.05

North America 2002 1106.24 626.47 363.14 59.26 178.44 163.63 14.82 4.06 2.552003 1162.96 653.45 381.03 60.09 191.01 174.54 16.47 4.06 2.692004 1324.45 742.25 436 71.43 215.85 197.14 18.71 5.30 3.28

United States 2002 693.10 258.70 - 50.89 160.12 146.99 13.13 3.84 2.402003 724.77 267.67 - 51.48 168.92 154.63 14.29 3.70 2.452004 818.78 300.64 - 60.73 188.84 173.04 15.80 4.83 2.96

South and Central America 2002 187.81 70.30 62.40 42.63 38.92 35.90 3.02 2.31 2.172003 212.93 73.46 62.29 48.89 46.08 42.47 3.61 2.83 2.622004 276.31 93.23 78 63.87 59.16 54.77 4.39 3.49 3.10

Europe 2002 2835.67 292.96 251.14 41.46 2068.01 1903.94 164.08 49.49 34.232003 3381.75 322.70 276.18 42.39 2496.70 2293.61 203.09 64.80 44.142004 4031.10 367.10 313.73 50.84 2972.55 2717.67 254.88 88.19 59.94

European Union (25) 2002 2617.92 268.13 230.69 38.32 1917.69 1763.53 154.16 45.15 31.832003 3123.91 295.46 253.71 39.47 2315.04 2125.00 190.04 59.22 41.222004 3714.23 335.53 288.48 47.30 2747.53 2510.44 237.09 80.77 56.02

Other Europe 2002 216.10 24.83 20.46 3.14 150.33 140.41 9.91 4.33 2.392003 256.05 27.24 22.47 2.92 181.66 168.61 13.05 5.57 2.922004 316.87 31.57 25.25 3.54 225.02 207.23 17.79 7.42 3.92

CIS 2002 153.20 8.94 7.45 4.19 77.92 63.02 14.90 30.68 11.222003 194.61 12.27 9.37 4.65 96.28 77.73 18.56 39.73 14.112004 265.71 18.18 12.67 6.33 128.93 103.04 25.89 55.02 18.49

Russian Federation 2002 107.30 6.65 6.43 3.28 59.22 48.12 11.10 16.38 -2003 135.93 8.70 8.18 3.49 72.61 59.76 12.86 21.36 -2004 183.45 12.27 10.66 4.44 96.31 79.26 17.05 30.20 -

Africa 2002 140.14 20.92 18.44 2.85 70.91 65.90 5.02 0.42 0.362003 175.16 31.01 27.68 3.79 84.79 78.36 6.44 0.57 0.432004 231.74 43.23 39.44 6.80 99.07 90.77 8.31 0.72 0.55

Middle East 2002 251.22 36.85 34.77 2.37 41.34 37.06 4.28 0.85 0.242003 301.76 45.19 42.66 2.34 49.26 43.83 5.42 1.13 0.302004 389.68 55.06 52.61 3.53 64.02 57.59 6.43 1.23 0.34

Asia 2002 1624.51 411.92 374.42 26.42 269.89 255.49 14.40 10.48 7.442003 1913.05 444.74 405.17 28.16 335.06 314.15 20.91 17.36 11.772004 2388.37 533.13 481.86 39.37 416.92 389.99 26.94 25.32 17.35

Japan 2002 416.73 131.52 120.38 6.73 67.18 63.93 3.25 1.16 0.942003 471.82 128.60 117.54 6.46 80.04 75.62 4.42 2.20 1.772004 565.81 142.50 128.69 8.14 94.78 89.21 5.57 3.77 3.12

China 2002 325.59 97.58 88.49 6.75 60.06 56.68 3.38 5.12 3.522003 438.23 128.44 117.15 8.72 90.09 84.61 5.49 9.29 6.032004 593.33 175.05 158.27 13.46 124.02 115.78 8.24 13.82 9.10

Australia and 2002 79.41 10.29 8.52 0.85 11.02 10.48 0.54 0.17 0.13New Zealand 2003 88.05 10.53 8.55 0.97 13.42 12.81 0.62 0.21 0.15

2004 106.80 12.34 9.97 1.19 13.69 13.04 0.65 0.28 0.20

Other Asia 2002 802.78 172.52 157.02 12.09 131.64 124.40 7.24 4.03 2.852003 914.96 177.18 161.93 12.02 151.51 141.12 10.39 5.66 3.822004 1122.44 203.24 184.93 16.58 184.44 171.96 12.48 7.45 4.94

CISNorth America

Table A2 (continued)

Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

Africa Middle East Asia Destination

South Other Aust./Total Africa Africa Total Japan N. Zealand Other Asia

Total China Other Origin

136.61 26.81 109.80 172.07 1396.38 301.23 80.96 1014.19 241.38 772.81 2002 World162.84 34.89 127.95 201.15 1661.25 341.06 97.24 1222.96 332.21 890.75 2003204.87 48.56 156.31 244.77 2064.72 405.95 119.44 1539.33 435.69 1103.64 2004

11.77 2.70 9.07 20.01 205.89 57.23 15.88 132.78 25.14 107.64 2002 North America11.94 3.07 8.87 20.68 221.44 58.56 16.47 146.42 32.30 114.12 200314.82 3.48 11.34 25.14 249.23 61.56 18.11 169.56 40.29 129.27 2004

10.65 2.52 8.13 18.94 189.70 51.43 14.89 123.38 22.05 101.33 2002 United States10.70 2.83 7.87 19.40 202.71 52.13 14.98 135.61 28.43 107.18 200313.50 3.18 10.32 23.55 226.45 54.45 16.38 155.62 34.73 120.89 2004

4.02 0.83 3.18 3.97 21.60 5.34 0.55 15.71 5.84 9.88 2002 South and Central America4.85 1.15 3.70 4.16 28.46 5.97 0.69 21.80 10.12 11.68 20037.00 1.76 5.24 5.24 39.10 8.34 0.80 29.96 13.96 16.00 2004

68.29 11.93 56.36 69.19 211.80 45.03 19.01 147.76 34.69 113.07 2002 Europe82.14 15.61 66.54 84.61 252.86 50.73 23.78 178.35 48.77 129.58 200397.73 20.15 77.59 104.62 307.86 58.60 29.73 219.53 62.68 156.85 2004

64.34 11.48 52.86 62.17 192.88 40.29 17.95 134.64 31.94 102.71 2002 European Union (25)77.62 15.03 62.59 75.30 231.00 45.38 22.53 163.09 45.19 117.90 200391.86 19.44 72.42 91.99 282.60 52.58 28.09 201.94 58.61 143.33 2004

3.95 0.45 3.49 7.02 18.91 4.73 1.07 13.12 2.75 10.37 2002 Other Europe4.53 0.58 3.95 9.31 21.85 5.35 1.24 15.26 3.58 11.68 20035.87 0.71 5.16 12.64 25.25 6.03 1.64 17.59 4.07 13.52 2004

2.58 0.06 2.52 5.75 21.34 3.12 0.02 18.19 9.50 8.70 2002 CIS2.84 0.03 2.82 7.13 26.73 4.02 0.04 22.68 11.83 10.85 20034.04 0.02 4.02 9.80 35.41 5.33 0.06 30.02 14.73 15.29 2004

1.42 0.04 1.37 3.31 16.99 2.95 0.01 14.03 7.57 6.46 2002 Russian Federation1.46 0.01 1.46 3.89 21.08 3.81 0.03 17.24 8.76 8.49 20032.14 0.01 2.13 4.59 27.81 5.13 0.05 22.63 10.88 11.75 2004

15.52 2.41 13.12 2.63 21.24 4.18 0.79 16.27 4.52 11.75 2002 Africa18.98 3.01 15.97 2.93 26.13 4.82 1.01 20.29 7.24 13.05 200323.14 5.29 17.85 3.36 38.87 7.09 1.33 30.44 13.51 16.94 2004

9.06 2.71 6.35 20.46 117.69 39.51 1.84 76.34 9.19 67.15 2002 Middle East10.50 3.85 6.66 21.88 150.86 49.71 2.34 98.82 13.99 84.82 200313.29 5.85 7.44 21.54 192.96 61.09 2.87 129.00 20.99 108.01 2004

25.36 6.17 19.20 50.07 796.82 146.82 42.87 607.13 152.50 454.63 2002 Asia31.58 8.18 23.40 59.75 954.77 167.26 52.91 734.60 207.95 526.65 200344.85 12.02 32.83 75.07 1201.30 203.94 66.54 930.82 269.54 661.28 2004

3.95 1.55 2.39 11.38 189.66 - 9.75 179.91 52.50 127.41 2002 Japan4.85 2.03 2.81 12.88 231.33 - 11.75 219.58 72.86 146.72 20036.60 2.91 3.69 14.47 288.94 - 14.10 274.84 92.91 181.93 2004

6.92 1.38 5.54 9.16 117.85 51.05 6.79 60.01 - 60.01 2002 China10.13 2.14 8.00 12.78 149.87 62.62 9.26 77.99 - 77.99 200313.65 3.11 10.55 16.32 197.80 77.49 12.99 107.33 - 107.33 2004

1.93 0.76 1.17 3.81 50.40 13.73 7.21 29.47 5.22 24.25 2002 Australia and 1.81 0.92 0.89 3.59 55.22 14.62 8.87 31.73 6.71 25.02 2003 New Zealand2.80 1.25 1.55 4.49 70.90 18.61 10.69 41.59 9.22 32.37 2004

12.56 2.47 10.09 25.72 438.91 82.04 19.13 337.73 94.78 242.96 2002 Other Asia14.79 3.09 11.70 30.51 518.35 90.02 23.04 405.30 128.38 276.92 200321.80 4.75 17.05 39.78 643.66 107.84 28.76 507.06 167.41 339.65 2004

a Includes unspecified destinations.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Table A3

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

European Union (25)

Total exports ... ... ... ... ... 2344 2437 2452 2618 3124 3714

Intra-exports ... ... ... ... ... 1610 1645 1650 1764 2125 2510

Extra-exports ... ... ... ... ... 735 792 802 854 999 1204

Total imports ... ... ... ... ... 2403 2560 2526 2647 3179 3791

Intra-imports ... ... ... ... ... 1607 1640 1645 1756 2115 2510

Extra-imports ... ... ... ... ... 796 920 881 891 1064 1281

NAFTA (3)

Total exports 739 856 923 1014 1014 1071 1225 1148 1106 1163 1324

Intra-exports 354 394 433 495 520 580 682 637 626 652 740

Extra-exports 385 462 489 519 494 491 543 510 480 511 584

Total imports a 917 1008 1082 1208 1271 1421 1679 1570 1591 1715 1997

Intra-imports 342 380 422 482 512 574 664 620 609 632 706

Extra-imports 575 628 660 726 759 847 1014 950 982 1083 1291

ASEAN (10)

Total exports 262 321 341 356 331 362 432 388 409 460 552

Intra-exports 65 82 87 88 73 81 104 91 95 105 128

Extra-exports 197 240 254 268 259 281 328 297 313 355 424

Total imports 281 355 376 382 287 310 381 347 363 401 500

Intra-imports 55 67 74 76 64 70 89 78 86 94 115

Extra-imports 226 288 302 306 223 240 291 269 277 306 385

MERCOSUR (4)

Total exports 62 71 75 83 81 74 85 88 89 106 136

Intra-exports 12 14 17 21 20 15 18 15 10 13 17

Extra-exports 50 56 58 63 61 59 67 73 79 93 118

Total imports 63 80 87 103 99 82 90 84 62 69 94

Intra-imports 12 14 18 21 21 16 18 16 11 13 18

Extra-imports 50 65 70 81 78 67 72 68 52 55 76

ANDEAN (5)

Total exports 34 40 46 46 39 43 58 51 52 53 73

Intra-exports 3 5 5 6 5 4 5 6 5 5 7

Extra-exports 30 35 41 41 34 39 53 45 46 48 66

Total imports b 30 38 36 44 45 36 39 44 40 39 51

Intra-imports 3 5 5 6 5 4 5 6 6 6 8

Extra-imports 27 33 31 38 39 32 34 38 35 33 43

a Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b.b Imports of Venezuela are valued f.o.b.Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade.

Table A4

Merchandise trade by selected groups of countries, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World a 4326.0 5162.0 5391.0 5581.0 5498.0 5712.0 6449.0 6183.0 6482.0 7551.0 9153.0

North America and EuropeEFTA 106.7 125.4 131.3 126.5 121.2 127.8 142.4 143.4 149 .8 170.6 203.2European Union (25) ... ... ... ... ... 2344.5 2437.4 2451.8 2617.9 3123.9 3714.2NAFTA 738.9 856.5 922.7 1014.0 1013.9 1070.6 1224.9 1147.5 1106.2 1162.9 1324.4

South and Central AmericaANDEAN 33.9 39.5 45.6 46.4 39.1 43.4 58.0 50.6 51.9 53.3 72.7CACM 6.8 8.9 9.3 11.1 12.7 13.2 13.5 12.3 12.4 13.7 14.8CARICOM 4.9 5.8 5.8 6.4 5.8 6.4 8.1 7.7 7.3 9.0 10.7MERCOSUR 61.9 70.5 75.0 83.2 81.4 74.3 84.6 87.8 88.8 106.1 135.5

AfricaCEMAC 5.2 6.1 6.9 7.4 5.8 6.7 8.4 8.5 8.9 11.2 17.6COMESA 18.0 20.3 22.9 22.7 19.8 21.2 25.8 24.0 26.6 31.8 41.5ECCAS 9.6 11.5 13.8 13.8 10.7 12.9 17.2 16.1 18.4 22.1 33.0ECOWAS 16.8 22.3 26.7 25.3 20.4 24.4 30.3 27.0 26.7 33.3 46.3SADC 38.9 43.7 47.7 49.2 I 41.7 43.7 49.6 47.7 50.2 60.8 77.9WAEMU 5.0 6.6 7.4 7.3 7.6 7.7 6.7 7.0 8.7 10.0 11.5

Middle East and AsiaASEAN 262.1 321.4 340.7 355.9 331.1 362.1 432.0 387.5 408.6 459.9 551.8GCC 93.2 104.4 120.2 126.6 96.0 118.2 176.0 160.6 168.0 212.4 274.1SAPTA 39.1 46.5 51.4 53.9 52.6 55.0 64.2 64.4 70.8 82.1 104.0

Memorandum:ACP 78.2 91.6 101.9 103.0 87.7 95.3 112.7 106.6 108.2 132.1 173.6Least developed countries 18.9 24.1 27.2 27.4 25.4 28.9 36.0 36.3 40.0 46.2 61.8WTO Members (148) 4139.8 4941.9 5137.8 5322.7 5293.2 5473.5 6106.6 5866.2 6147.2 7134.6 8588.7

Imports

World a 4426.0 5279.0 5536.0 5736.0 5673.0 5911.0 6715.0 6474.0 6724.0 7832.0 9495.0

North America and EuropeEFTA 96.8 114.9 115.9 113.7 120.1 116.5 119.5 119.3 120.8 138.7 163.2European Union (25) ... ... ... ... ... 2403.1 2560.2 2525.8 2647.0 3179.4 3791.0NAFTA 927.4 1015.1 1090.9 1214.7 1281.4 1425.7 1686.8 1582.7 1604.3 1726.6 2011.7

South and Central AmericaANDEAN 31.5 39.7 37.1 45.4 46.2 36.9 40.7 45.5 41.4 39.7 51.5CACM 11.0 13.3 13.7 16.1 18.9 19.3 20.8 21.9 23.2 25.1 28.5CARICOM 7.6 9.8 10.6 12.4 12.5 12.4 14.0 14.0 14.1 15.1 16.8MERCOSUR 62.7 79.9 87.2 102.6 98.7 82.4 89.4 83.9 62.2 68.6 94.0

AfricaCEMAC 2.8 3.4 4.5 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.1 5.3 6.2 6.7 7.4COMESA 27.1 31.1 35.0 36.1 38.9 38.2 36.1 36.1 36.6 41.1 50.3ECCAS 5.4 6.4 8.4 8.4 7.9 8.5 8.5 9.7 11.4 14.1 16.3ECOWAS 15.4 19.4 18.1 20.9 21.1 21.8 20.9 23.8 20.1 26.2 32.5SADC 38.3 47.1 48.3 52.2 I 47.5 45.7 47.8 46.3 48.7 66.4 87.8WAEMU 5.0 7.4 7.6 7.2 7.8 8.1 7.3 7.3 7.8 9.9 11.5

Middle East and AsiaASEAN 281.2 355.3 375.9 381.9 287.3 309.8 380.7 347.1 362.8 400.7 500.1GCC 60.6 68.2 70.5 79.3 76.0 71.5 77.0 83.0 88.9 104.0 124.9SAPTA 46.6 59.9 64.4 68.4 67.4 73.5 80.6 77.6 84.5 103.8 138.2

Memorandum:ACP 81.7 99.7 103.5 113.6 110.2 108.5 114.0 117.0 115.8 143.3 178.5Least developed countries 28.6 34.7 37.9 39.1 40.0 42.1 43.7 47.3 49.6 60.7 71.2WTO Members (148) 4258.2 5082.3 5320.9 5513.0 5466.1 5733.7 6510.3 6244.7 6476.4 7531.6 9104.2

a Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export.

Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an 'I'. See the Technical Notes.

Table A5

Trade in commercial services by selected groups of countries, 1994-04

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 1031.1 1182.2 1267.9 1318.2 1346.3 1397.0 1485.1 1488.7 1588.1 1804.7 2127.5

North America and EuropeEFTA 34.5 39.2 40.7 40.8 42.1 44.0 45.8 44.6 48.6 56.0 64.2European Union (25) 466.8 537.4 566.3 571.6 613.0 630.7 646.3 670.6 731.9 867.7 1016.5NAFTA 214.6 233.5 255.8 274.8 283.4 306.4 331.3 319.2 327.2 342.1 379.0

South and Central AmericaAndean Group 4.7 5.1 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.8 5.2 5.3 6.0CACM 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.6 3.0 3.5 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 5.0CARICOM 5.3 5.7 6.0 6.3 6.5 7.1 7.4 6.9 7.0 7.6 ...MERCOSUR 9.8 11.5 10.6 11.9 13.6 13.1 15.5 14.7 13.2 14.8 17.8

AfricaCEMAC 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 ...COMESA 11.1 12.2 13.4 13.4 11.9 13.7 14.1 13.3 13.6 16.0 20.2ECCAS 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.4 ...ECOWAS 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 4.2 ...SADC 6.3 7.8 8.5 8.8 8.8 8.9 8.7 8.3 8.5 11.8 13.1WAEMU 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.7 ...

Middle East and AsiaASEAN 52.2 64.5 73.4 73.3 58.6 64.7 69.8 68.8 73.7 72.6 87.9GCC ... ... ... 8.3 9.1 9.9 9.9 10.4 10.8 12.6 ...SAPTA 9.4 10.3 10.7 12.6 14.3 17.3 19.3 20.4 22.8 ... ...

Memorandum:ACP 19.3 22.3 24.4 25.7 26.5 28.2 28.8 28.1 28.6 34.7 ...Least-developed countries 4.4 5.3 5.6 5.9 5.7 6.0 6.2 6.1 6.4 7.4 ...WTO Members (148) 1006.5 1153.2 1233.3 1279.9 1309.2 1363.2 1449.6 1449.8 1544.5 1755.2 2068.6

Imports

World 1041.8 1198.0 1265.5 1301.6 1330.6 1383.9 1473.6 1487.9 1569.0 1784.1 2094.5

North America and EuropeEFTA 25.1 28.6 29.6 28.9 30.6 31.5 30.9 32.4 35.0 40.4 46.9European Union (25) 450.5 520.7 541.5 542.2 593.6 611.7 626.5 648.8 700.5 831.1 954.0NAFTA 165.1 171.1 184.6 201.7 217.0 238.2 269.4 266.0 272.9 296.1 335.1

South and Central AmericaAndean Group 9.9 10.7 11.3 11.2 11.1 10.8 11.4 12.1 11.5 11.0 12.9CACM 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.8 3.3 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.7CARICOM 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.7 ...MERCOSUR 18.1 21.6 21.2 24.6 26.1 23.1 25.7 25.2 18.9 20.5 23.4

AfricaCEMAC 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.4 4.2 4.5 ...COMESA 11.9 11.8 12.3 13.7 14.2 13.3 15.0 15.2 14.9 15.8 19.0ECCAS 4.7 4.7 5.1 5.5 6.3 5.8 5.9 7.0 7.9 8.7 ...ECOWAS 5.9 8.0 8.3 8.3 8.0 7.3 7.0 7.3 8.0 9.8 ...SADC 10.4 12.3 12.3 12.6 12.9 12.3 12.3 12.6 12.8 16.2 18.9WAEMU 2.0 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.9 3.6 ...

Middle East and AsiaASEAN 57.5 74.9 83.0 85.3 67.1 74.4 85.7 84.9 88.4 92.5 110.9GCC ... ... ... 29.7 24.5 24.3 26.7 24.2 25.8 29.1 ...SAPTA 12.5 15.3 16.5 17.5 19.0 22.0 24.4 25.5 26.1 ... ...

Memorandum:ACP 27.0 31.6 32.8 34.0 34.4 32.6 33.5 34.1 36.0 42.0 ...Least-developed countries 9.8 11.5 11.8 12.1 13.0 12.4 13.1 14.7 15.3 17.4 ...WTO Members (148) 1002.9 1154.3 1217.2 1246.7 1284.7 1340.3 1423.1 1434.2 1509.5 1714.5 2008.1

Table A6

World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World a 4326000 5162000 5391000 5581000 5498000 5712000 6449000 6183000 6482000 7551000 9153000

North America 738930 856550 922775 1014095 1013975 1070690 1224975 1147545 1106240 1162965 1324455

Canada 165376 192197 201633 214422 214327 238446 276635 259858 252394 272739 316547

Mexico 60882 79542 96000 110431 117460 136391 166367 158547 160682 165396 189083

United States 512627 584743 625073 689182 682138 695797 781918 729100 693103 724771 818775

South and Central America 126500 148900 160400 173700 163900 163600 194100 187200 187800 212900 276300

Antigua and Barbuda 44 53 38 38 36 38 50 39 45 48 45

Argentina 15659 20967 23811 26370 26441 23333 26341 26543 25650 29566 34453

Bahamas 167 176 180 181 300 462 576 423 446 425 450

Barbados 182 239 281 283 252 264 272 259 206 210 219

Belize 151 162 168 176 172 186 218 169 169 205 220

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 16089 18457 23060 21624 17193 20190 31802 25353 25890 23990 34210

Bolivia 1032 1100 1137 1167 1104 1051 1230 1285 1299 1573 2129

Brazil 43545 46506 47747 52994 51140 48011 55086 58223 60362 73084 96475

Chile 11604 16024 16627 17902 16323 17162 19210 18272 18180 21524 32025

Colombia 8419 10056 10587 11522 10852 11576 13040 12290 11911 12671 16224

Costa Rica 2869 3453 3730 4268 5511 6577 5865 5021 5264 6102 6297

Cuba 1385 1600 2015 1812 1512 1496 1676 1661 1402 1654 2192

Dominica 47 45 51 53 63 54 53 44 43 39 40

Dominican Republic 3453 3780 4053 4614 4989 5137 5737 5276 5165 5471 5750

Ecuador 3819 4307 4900 5264 4203 4451 4927 4678 5042 6039 7634

El Salvador 1249 1652 1789 2416 2452 2510 2941 2864 2996 3128 3295

Grenada 23 22 20 23 35 36 48 43 37 38 30

Guatemala 1521 2155 2031 2344 2582 2398 2696 2466 2232 2489 2938

Guyana 456 455 517 644 484 523 498 478 493 521 602

Haiti 82 110 90 212 320 334 318 274 280 347 391

Honduras 843 1220 1316 1446 1533 1164 1370 1324 1321 1332 1537

Jamaica 1212 1427 1383 1383 1312 1240 1304 1220 1114 1175 1390

Netherlands Antilles 1376 1522 1269 1488 1169 1451 2009 2398 1609 1161 1360

Nicaragua 335 466 466 577 573 545 645 589 561 605 756

Panama 583 625 623 723 784 822 859 911 846 864 944

Paraguay 816 919 1044 1089 1014 741 869 990 951 1242 1626

Peru 4554 5575 5897 6841 5757 6113 7028 7013 7723 8986 12547

Saint Kitts and Nevis 22 19 22 41 28 28 33 31 27 48 45

Saint Lucia 106 109 82 66 62 56 43 44 44 62 65

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 50 42 46 46 50 49 47 41 38 38 37

Suriname 449 477 433 701 436 342 399 403 469 638 830

Trinidad and Tobago 1867 2455 2500 2542 2258 2804 4274 4280 3880 5178 6349

Uruguay 1913 2106 2397 2726 2771 2237 2295 2060 1861 2198 2950

Europe 1908625 2334300 2420930 2413190 2513160 2521380 2633490 2654570 2835665 3381745 4031100

Albania 140 202 207 139 205 264 261 305 330 453 596

Austria 45002 57738 58222 59784 64085 66060 67711 70751 78673 97146 117417

Belgium - - - - - 179148 188374 190349 216127 255521 306509

Belgium-Luxembourg 147107 178265 177337 174531 181910 - - - - - -

Bosnia and Herzegovina 91 152 336 575 605 751 1069 1032 1006 1340 1789

Bulgaria 4005 5355 4890 4940 4300 3964 4809 5115 5749 7540 9918

Croatia 4260 4633 4511 4170 4541 4303 4432 4666 4899 6187 8022

Cyprus 968 1229 1391 1250 1061 997 951 976 843 923 948

Czech Republic 15940 21335 22165 22360 25855 26241 28996 33324 38492 48702 68657

Denmark 42343 50906 51415 49273 49013 50295 51293 51705 57495 66512 76821

Estonia 1303 1840 2078 2936 3245 3017 3830 4015 4336 5597 | 5945

Finland 29703 40490 41124 41471 43752 42243 46103 43237 45145 53171 61334

France 250571 301162 | 305509 302144 320631 325520 327616 323379 331719 392039 448714

FYR Macedonia 1086 1204 1147 1236 1311 1192 1319 1158 1116 1363 1661

esTable A6 (continued)

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Germany 426935 523461 524649 512891 543752 543529 551818 571645 615831 751560 912261

Greece 9404 11054 11711 11326 10867 11069 11751 10244 10351 13651 15198

Hungary 10700 12865 | 15705 19100 23005 25012 28016 30436 34517 43094 54857

Iceland 1623 1804 1897 1851 1931 2004 1891 2022 2228 2385 2896

Ireland 33996 44705 48339 53348 64330 71238 77414 82835 88265 92755 104281

Italy 191362 233766 252293 240414 245801 235559 240521 244490 254427 299333 349153

Latvia 990 1305 1445 1670 1810 1723 1865 2001 2285 2893 3951

Lithuania 2030 | 2705 3355 3860 3710 3004 3810 4583 5564 7234 | 9269

Luxembourg - - - - - 8203 8378 9759 10214 13297 16228

Malta 1570 1914 1731 1641 1834 1983 2442 1822 2028 2252 2492

Netherlands 160885 203171 208999 207832 213977 218575 233133 230855 244058 296012 358187

Norway 34692 41992 49645 48541 40402 45479 60058 59191 59702 67480 81752

Poland 17240 22895 24440 25750 | 28230 27397 31651 35998 41133 53762 74854

Portugal 17989 22783 24618 23955 24793 24541 24364 24108 25908 31757 35767

Romania 6151 7910 8085 8431 8300 8505 10367 11391 13876 17619 23485

Serbia and Montenegro 240 230 2018 2677 2858 1498 1723 1903 2275 2650 3979

Slovak Republic 6690 8580 8830 | 9635 10724 10243 11889 12595 14405 21837 27548

Slovenia 6828 8316 8312 8372 9048 8604 8732 9267 10366 12766 15831

Spain 76696 97849 107243 100756 111973 104431 115252 116660 125687 156147 178607

Sweden 65822 80440 84916 82757 84767 84888 87134 75645 81499 102104 122537

Switzerland 70360 81641 79747 76150 78856 80300 80500 82144 87876 100693 118527

Turkey 18106 21637 23224 26261 26974 26588 27775 31334 36059 47253 63121

United Kingdom 205079 237953 258527 280406 273949 272161 285429 272715 280195 305627 346863

European Union (25) b ... ... ... ... ... 2344455 2437355 2451845 2617920 3123905 3714225

extra-EU (25) exports ... ... ... ... ... 734785 792250 802315 854395 998905 1203790

European Union (15) 1702895 2083745 2154900 2140890 2233600 2237460 2316290 2318780 2466270 2926630 ...

extra-EU (15) exports 627170 749850 795235 817790 822240 810200 870085 882870 942985 1108395 ...

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 90700 112545 123660 124860 | 106800 106460 145730 144320 153200 194605 265710

Armenia 216 271 290 233 221 232 294 343 507 678 705

Azerbaijan 655 635 630 780 605 929 1745 2314 2167 2592 3615

Belarus 2510 4803 5652 7301 7070 5909 7326 7451 8021 9946 13752

Georgia 155 150 200 240 190 238 330 320 346 465 649

Kazakhstan 3231 5250 5911 6497 5334 5872 8812 8639 9670 12927 20093

Kyrgyz Republic 340 409 505 604 514 454 505 476 486 582 719

Moldova 565 745 795 875 630 465 472 568 644 790 986

Russian Federation 67540 81095 88600 88330 | 74884 75665 105565 101884 107301 135929 183452

Tajikistan 490 750 770 745 595 690 785 650 738 797 915

Turkmenistan 2145 1880 1695 1000 590 1187 2506 2700 2850 3632 3870

Ukraine 10305 | 13128 14401 14232 12637 11582 14573 16265 17957 23080 32672

Uzbekistan 2550 3430 4210 4025 3530 3235 2817 2708 2513 3189 4280

Africa 96700 112100 124900 127200 | 105400 116800 147000 137400 140100 175200 231700

Algeria 8880 10240 12620 13894 9839 12525 22031 19140 18831 24612 32298

Angola 3018 3642 5095 5007 3543 5157 7921 6534 8328 9508 13850

Benin 398 420 528 424 407 422 392 374 448 555 672

Botswana 1878 2142 2447 2842 2058 2644 2713 2450 2319 3024 3467

Burkina Faso 107 276 233 232 319 255 209 223 245 326 445

Burundi 120 105 39 86 65 54 50 39 30 38 47

Cameroon 1486 1651 1768 1860 1671 1601 1833 1749 1802 2246 2700

Cape Verde 5 8 13 14 10 11 11 10 11 13 15

Central African Republic 151 171 147 163 151 146 161 142 147 122 120

Chad 148 243 238 237 262 243 183 189 185 446 2200

Comoros 11 11 6 6 4 5 7 12 16 20 15

Congo 959 1172 1345 1668 1365 1560 2489 2055 2122 2630 3900

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 1256 1649 1652 1189 1180 933 760 940 1076 1281 1413

Côte d'Ivoire 2742 3806 4446 4451 4606 4661 3888 3946 5275 5844 6475

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Djibouti 12 14 29 31 28 28 32 32 36 37 41

Egypt 3476 3450 3539 3921 3130 3559 4689 4128 4708 6161 7682

Equatorial Guinea 66 127 232 497 439 709 1097 1834 2217 2949 5190

Eritrea 78 86 98 57 28 21 37 19 52 35 35

Ethiopia 372 422 417 587 561 467 486 455 480 504 639

Gabon 2350 2713 3184 3024 1916 2394 2602 2522 2411 2826 3490

Gambia 35 16 21 15 21 12 15 10 13 12 22

Ghana 1425 1724 1669 1635 1795 1720 1671 1716 1860 2370 2580

Guinea 516 702 709 685 693 636 666 731 709 609 700

Guinea-Bissau 33 24 28 48 27 51 62 63 54 69 81

Kenya 1587 1878 2067 2053 2008 1747 1734 1944 2116 2411 2693

Lesotho 143 160 187 196 194 172 220 280 373 480 726

Liberia 353 820 630 430 425 469 329 245 235 270 235

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 8954 8975 9903 9656 6659 7947 12697 10985 9851 14664 20844

Madagascar 450 507 509 516 538 584 824 928 486 856 990

Malawi 342 405 481 537 431 453 379 449 407 459 441

Mali 335 441 433 561 561 571 551 725 874 921 1123

Mauritania 410 499 491 406 350 373 358 348 321 335 410

Mauritius 1347 1538 1802 1592 1645 1554 1557 1628 1801 1898 2004

Morocco 5556 6881 6881 7032 7153 7367 7432 7144 7851 8777 9739

Mozambique 157 168 217 222 230 263 364 703 663 1045 1504

Namibia 1308 1409 1418 1338 1232 1234 1320 1179 1105 1262 1833

Niger 225 286 325 272 334 287 283 272 279 339 370

Nigeria 9415 12342 16153 15207 9855 13856 20975 17261 15107 19887 31148

Rwanda 41 54 60 88 60 60 52 86 65 63 99

Sao Tome and Principe 8 5 4 5 5 2 3 3 5 7 6

Senegal 791 993 986 905 968 1027 920 1003 1067 1331 1529

Seychelles 51 52 140 113 122 145 194 216 228 278 290

Sierra Leone 115 42 47 17 7 6 13 29 49 92 139

Somalia 136 170 187 177 197 191 193 285 297 223 310

South Africa c 25308 27853 29221 31027 | 26362 26707 29983 29258 29723 36482 46029

Sudan 503 555 620 594 596 780 1807 1699 1949 2542 3778

Swaziland 781 866 856 962 973 937 910 1054 937 1563 1900

Tanzania 519 682 784 753 589 543 663 776 875 1218 1338

Togo 328 378 441 424 420 391 363 357 427 616 771

Tunisia 4657 5475 5516 5559 5738 5872 5850 6631 6874 8027 9685

Uganda 409 460 587 555 501 519 460 456 473 532 635

Zambia 927 1040 1037 915 1032 1063 666 985 930 945 1576

Zimbabwe 1884 2118 2406 2541 2111 1887 1925 1207 1398 1400 1520

Middle East 135900 150400 173400 180900 144500 186300 267600 238200 251200 301800 389700

Bahrain 3616 4112 4700 4384 3270 4363 6195 5577 5794 6364 7562

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 19434 18360 22391 18381 13118 21030 28345 23904 28237 33991 44446

Iraq 510 496 731 4600 5500 12800 20603 12872 12219 9711 17810

Israel 16884 19046 20610 22503 22993 25794 31404 29048 29347 31577 38520

Jordan 1424 1769 1816 1836 1802 1832 1899 2293 2770 3082 3950

Kuwait 11260 12785 14889 14224 9554 12164 19436 16203 15369 20678 28729

Lebanon 470 816 1020 643 662 677 715 870 1046 1524 1747

Oman 5545 6068 7346 7630 5508 7238 11319 11074 11172 11669 13342

Qatar 3213 3651 4447 5570 5030 7214 11594 10871 10978 13193 15510

Saudi Arabia 42614 50040 60729 60732 38822 50761 77583 68064 72561 93370 126230

Syrian Arab Republic 3047 3563 3999 3916 2890 3464 4634 5248 6230 5731 4930

United Arab Emirates 26922 27753 28085 34020 33835 36474 49835 48773 52163 67135 82750

Yemen 934 1945 2675 2504 1496 2440 4079 3374 3336 3734 4150

Asia a 1228300 1446800 1464900 1546600 1450000 1547100 1836300 1673300 1808100 2122200 2633900

Afghanistan 168 156 173 201 209 167 185 100 250 350 420

Australia 47528 53111 60301 62910 55893 56080 63870 63387 65033 71546 86423

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Bangladesh 2934 3501 4249 4832 5121 5497 6389 6080 6149 6990 8150

Bhutan 66 103 100 118 108 116 103 106 113 133 165

Brunei Darussalam 2210 2402 2481 2467 2058 2579 3877 3508 3566 4144 4607

Cambodia 490 855 644 736 800 1129 1389 1500 1923 2118 2798

China 121006 148780 151048 182792 183712 194931 249203 266098 325591 438228 593329

Fiji 572 619 748 622 512 609 585 537 549 680 678

Hong Kong, China 151465 173871 180914 188195 174864 174403 202683 191066 201928 228708 265543

domestic exports 28736 29946 27431 27306 24588 22381 23536 20273 18328 19591 19978

re-exports 122729 143925 153483 160889 150276 152022 179147 170793 183600 209117 245565

India 25022 30630 33105 35008 33437 35667 42379 43361 49250 57085 75595

Indonesia 40055 45417 49814 | 56298 50370 51243 65403 57361 59166 64107 72330

Japan 397005 443116 410901 420957 387927 417610 479249 403496 416726 471817 565807

Kiribati 5 7 5 6 6 9 4 5 3 3 2

Korea, Republic of 96013 125058 129715 136164 132313 143686 172267 150439 162470 193817 253845

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 301 311 323 359 370 311 330 331 298 359 361

Macao, China 1866 1997 1996 2148 2141 2200 2539 2300 2356 2581 2812

Malaysia 58844 73914 78327 78740 73305 84455 98229 88005 94058 104968 126503

Maldives 75 85 80 90 96 91 109 110 132 152 172

Mongolia 356 473 424 452 462 454 536 521 524 616 880

Myanmar 798 860 754 874 1077 1136 1646 2381 3046 2483 2850

Nepal 362 345 385 406 474 602 804 737 568 662 756

New Caledonia 366 565 535 543 378 468 604 443 495 785 975

New Zealand 12185 13645 14360 14221 12070 12455 13272 13730 14380 16505 20373

Pakistan 7400 8029 9365 8758 8514 8424 9028 9238 9913 11930 13379

Papua New Guinea 2632 2654 2529 2163 1772 1875 2096 1805 1641 2212 2532

Philippines 13304 17502 20408 24882 29414 36576 39783 32664 36502 37026 39689

Samoa 4 9 10 15 15 20 14 15 14 15 11

Singapore 96825 118268 125014 124985 109895 114680 137804 121751 125177 144182 179615

domestic exports 58332 69557 73466 72401 63381 68682 78703 66172 66836 79774 98576

re-exports 38493 48711 51548 52584 46514 45998 59101 55579 58341 64408 81039

Solomon Islands 142 168 162 157 118 126 69 47 58 74 97

Sri Lanka 3208 3798 4095 4639 4809 4594 5430 4816 4699 5125 5757

Taipei, Chinese 94078 113047 117326 123384 112401 123532 151457 125865 135080 150600 182424

Thailand 45261 56439 55721 57374 54456 58440 69057 64968 68108 80333 97414

Tonga 14 14 11 10 8 13 9 7 15 18 15

Tuvalu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Vanuatu 25 28 30 35 34 26 26 20 20 27 37

Viet Nam 4054 5449 7255 9185 9361 11540 14449 15029 16706 20176 25625

Memorandum items:

World excluding a

intra-EU (25) exports ... ... ... ... ... 4103000 4804000 4533000 4719000 5426000 6642000

intra-EU (15) exports 3250000 3828000 4031000 4258000 4086000 4285000 5003000 4747000 4959000 5733000 ...

Europe excluding

intra-EU (25) exports ... ... ... ... ... 911710 988380 1005040 1072140 1256745 1520660

intra-EU (15) exports 832900 1000405 1061265 1090090 1101800 1094120 1187280 1218660 1312380 1563510 ...

a Includes significant re-exports.

b Prior to 2004, European Union (25) individual country data do not add up to the reported aggregate due to Eurostat's use of different methodologies for Cyprus, Estonia

and Lithuania.

c Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union.Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an 'I'. They result mainly from changes in the methods

of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics.

It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics

which includes re-exports.

Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

Table A7

World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World a 4426000 5279000 5536000 5736000 5673000 5911000 6715000 6474000 6724000 7832000 9495000

North America 927990 1015760 1091500 1215425 1282060 1426495 1687580 1583440 1605140 1727465 2012750

Canada 155072 168426 175158 200873 206066 220183 244786 227291 227499 245021 279779

Mexico 83075 75858 93674 114846 130948 146084 182702 176185 176607 178503 206423

United States 689215 770852 822025 899020 944353 1059440 1259300 1179180 1200230 1303050 1525516

Antigua and Barbuda 342 346 365 370 385 414 402 377 394 419 465

Argentina 21527 20122 23762 30450 31404 25508 25154 20320 8990 13834 22320

Bahamas 1056 1243 1366 1666 1873 1757 2074 1912 1728 1762 1815

Barbados 615 771 833 996 1010 1108 1156 1087 1039 1133 1308

Belize 259 257 255 286 295 370 524 517 525 552 514

Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 9187 12649 9880 14606 15817 14064 16213 18323 12963 9256 14995

Bolivia 1209 1424 1635 1851 1983 1755 1830 1708 1770 1630 1842

Brazil 35997 53783 56947 64996 60600 51671 58631 58351 49599 50706 65921

Chile 11820 15900 19199 20822 19880 15988 18507 17429 17091 19381 24871

Colombia 11882 13853 13683 15378 14635 10659 11539 12834 12738 13892 16746

Costa Rica 3789 4036 4300 4924 6230 6320 6372 6569 7188 7663 8268

Cuba 2055 2825 3205 3987 4197 4365 4843 4839 4161 4624 5286

Dominica 96 117 129 124 136 141 148 131 116 126 144

Dominican Republic b 4903 5170 5727 6609 7597 8041 9479 8779 8838 7627 7845

Ecuador 3622 4152 3934 4954 5576 3017 3721 5363 6431 6535 7861

El Salvador 2547 3329 3223 3739 3962 4095 4947 5027 5184 5754 6269

Grenada 119 124 152 173 200 202 239 212 199 253 310

Guatemala 2781 3292 3146 3851 4651 4382 4791 5607 6078 6488 7808

Guyana 506 527 597 630 540 480 573 584 563 557 636

Haiti 251 653 665 648 797 1025 1036 1013 1130 1188 1306

Honduras 1056 1642 1839 2149 2535 2676 2855 2942 2981 3276 3916

Jamaica 2224 2818 2965 3132 3035 2899 3326 3360 3533 3642 3772

Netherlands Antilles 1758 1841 2519 2083 2062 1745 2862 2826 2268 2606 2840

Nicaragua 867 975 1154 1450 1492 1862 1805 1775 1754 1879 2212

Panama 2404 2510 2779 3002 3398 3516 3379 2964 2982 3086 3530

Paraguay 2370 3144 3204 3403 2897 1906 2193 2182 | 1672 1865 2652

Peru 5626 7584 7947 8588 8220 7404 7415 7316 7493 8414 10101

Saint Kitts and Nevis 128 133 149 147 149 153 196 189 201 205 200

Saint Lucia 303 307 313 332 328 355 355 355 309 403 415

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 130 135 131 188 193 201 163 186 174 200 228

Suriname 423 585 501 658 552 486 526 461 492 704 800

Trinidad and Tobago 1134 1714 2144 2990 2999 2741 3308 3569 3643 3892 4894

Uruguay 2786 2867 3323 3727 3811 3357 3466 3061 1964 2190 3114

Europe 1911445 2332890 2415255 2418540 2558875 2595890 2774685 2732815 2872715 3457195 4139870

Albania 680 800 940 640 830 1140 1091 1331 1504 1864 2268

Austria 55233 66237 68505 65739 69504 71319 72395 74633 78299 99532 117765

Belgium - - - - - 164807 177514 178664 198311 234800 285450

Belgium-Luxembourg 133127 164934 167914 161930 168995 - - - - - -

Bosnia and Herzegovina 894 1082 1882 2333 2610 3305 3107 3354 3875 4799 5907

Bulgaria 4585 5660 5075 4930 4949 5453 6505 7263 7987 10902 14424

Croatia 5229 7510 7788 9104 8384 7799 7887 9147 10714 14209 16583

Cyprus 3017 3690 3979 3655 3685 3618 3846 3923 4086 4466 5502

Czech Republic b 17310 25085 27800 27105 28340 28151 32174 36297 40656 51728 69510

Denmark 36691 45939 45291 44902 46873 45753 45558 45322 50320 57429 68191

Estonia 1654 2546 3224 4437 4787 4109 5052 5230 5863 7930 | 8728

Finland 23275 29470 31422 31611 32960 32114 34443 32639 34218 42513 50824

France 246001 289391 | 294560 285027 307771 315743 338944 328608 329262 398840 465454

FYR Macedonia 1484 1719 1627 1779 1915 1796 2085 1694 1995 2300 2875

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Germany 381388 463872 459098 445731 471474 474038 497204 486119 490283 604612 716926

Greece 21507 25898 28238 26919 30293 30528 33480 28419 31266 44875 52577

Hungary 14555 15465 | 18145 21235 25705 28008 31955 33617 37755 47808 59332

Iceland 1472 1756 2031 1992 2489 2503 2591 2253 2275 2789 3553

Ireland 25612 32340 34320 37748 43191 46768 51042 50556 52399 53886 60651

Italy 169166 205990 208263 210132 218465 220633 238760 236220 247015 297519 351034

Latvia 1240 1815 2320 2720 3190 2945 3184 3506 4046 5234 7005

Lithuania 2350 | 3650 4560 5645 5795 4835 5457 6353 7838 9843 | 12283

Luxembourg - - - - - 11218 11278 12331 12651 16165 19815

Malta 2447 2890 2801 2552 2668 2846 3399 2531 2646 3227 3670

Netherlands 150337 185232 190923 190731 195639 206158 218270 208638 219265 264704 319330

Norway 27307 32968 35615 35708 37478 34173 34392 32955 34890 39486 48082

Poland 22680 29050 37135 42310 | 47055 45903 48940 50184 55299 68272 89174

Portugal 27061 32610 35202 35055 38435 39973 39953 39490 40156 47200 54914

Romania 7109 10278 11435 11280 11821 10392 13055 15561 17862 24003 32664

Serbia and Montenegro 750 900 4102 4799 4849 3296 3711 4837 6320 7952 11752

Slovak Republic b 6610 8770 11125 | 11725 13078 11337 12821 14760 16564 22523 29471

Slovenia 7304 9492 9423 9357 10110 9952 10116 10160 10944 13845 17197

Spain 88863 113537 121221 115670 136662 135343 156145 154650 165105 208602 249308

Sweden 55458 65036 66930 65596 68403 68579 72881 63200 66955 83540 99324

Switzerland 67997 80152 78224 75960 80094 79857 82521 84102 83672 96448 111603

Turkey 23270 35709 43627 48559 45921 40671 54503 41399 51554 69340 97540

United Kingdom 234076 267250 287332 307518 321231 324893 343781 333003 346317 391964 463467

European Union (25) ... ... ... ... ... 2403135 2560175 2525815 2647035 3179370 3790985

extra-EU (25) imports ... ... ... ... ... 795725 919885 881045 890950 1064250 1280550

European Union (15) 1690635 2050935 2101330 2089635 2212010 2262500 2404870 2361115 2463105 2946560 ...

extra-EU (15) imports 611805 713195 737745 762720 796575 831120 954495 921065 935430 1123085 ...

75120 93955 108965 114970 | 95830 70585 81495 94365 103960 132265 171915

Armenia 394 674 856 892 902 800 882 874 991 1269 1318

Azerbaijan 895 805 1210 1360 1650 1036 1172 1431 1666 2626 3516

Belarus 3066 5564 6939 8689 8549 6674 8646 8286 9092 11558 16346

Georgia 340 390 685 940 885 602 651 679 793 1141 1847

Kazakhstan 3561 3807 4241 4301 4314 3655 5040 6446 6584 8409 12781

Kyrgyz Republic 316 522 838 709 842 600 554 467 587 717 941

Moldova 660 840 1070 1170 1018 585 777 892 1038 1399 1774

Russian Federation c 50520 60945 68830 73615 | 58015 39537 44659 53764 60966 76070 96307

Tajikistan 545 810 670 750 710 663 675 688 721 881 1375

Turkmenistan 1470 1365 1315 1230 980 1478 1786 2250 2120 2512 3320

Ukraine 10748 | 15484 17603 17128 14676 11846 13956 15775 16977 23021 28996

Uzbekistan 2605 2750 4710 4185 3290 3110 2697 2814 2425 2662 3392

Africa 106600 127000 125700 132800 | 133000 128700 130000 134600 136800 166600 211800

Algeria 9370 10250 8840 8688 9403 9162 9152 9949 12364 13533 18199

Angola b 1454 1468 2040 2597 2079 3109 3040 3179 3760 5480 6500

Benin 431 746 654 681 736 749 613 | 553 679 744 865

Botswana 1640 1911 1723 2258 2251 2198 2081 1809 1927 2500 3340

Burkina Faso 349 455 647 587 732 678 611 656 739 925 1155

Burundi 224 234 127 121 158 118 148 139 129 157 176

Cameroon 1083 1199 1227 1359 1495 1318 1489 1852 1866 2021 2100

Cape Verde 209 252 234 235 228 246 230 234 275 350 386

Central African Republic 139 175 141 141 146 131 117 107 120 131 150

Chad 177 365 332 334 356 316 317 679 1646 1015 770

Comoros 53 63 57 55 47 79 71 75 90 120 115

Congo 631 670 1551 926 680 821 715 1070 1060 1300 1720

Congo, Dem. Rep. of 667 1046 1403 1133 1230 1108 1035 807 1093 1404 1873

Côte d'Ivoire 1917 2931 2902 2781 2991 3252 2785 | 2418 2456 3320 3783

Djibouti b 196 177 172 176 196 194 207 196 197 238 275

Egypt 10219 11760 13038 13211 16166 16022 14010 12756 12552 10893 12831

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Equatorial Guinea 37 121 292 358 317 425 451 711 506 1225 1410

Eritrea 489 454 553 525 508 510 471 423 538 590 650

Ethiopia 1033 1145 1401 1113 1517 1538 1262 1815 1666 2143 3080

Gabon 756 882 957 1104 1103 841 994 859 954 1036 1280

Gambia 212 182 258 278 228 192 187 134 148 185 200

Ghana 2108 1906 2108 2326 2563 3480 2973 3154 2720 3250 4320

Guinea 706 819 648 620 537 556 612 601 667 640 690

Guinea-Bissau 164 133 87 89 63 51 59 | 62 58 69 86

Kenya 2091 2991 2949 3279 3197 2832 3105 3192 3245 3725 4553

Lesotho 879 1107 1126 1140 941 866 809 743 808 1113 1400

Liberia 405 510 555 610 470 520 668 620 610 680 900

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 5548 5392 5873 6123 5466 4158 3732 4397 4396 4330 5650

Madagascar b 546 628 629 694 693 742 997 955 603 1109 1230

Malawi 497 475 624 781 515 673 532 563 695 702 792

Mali 589 772 772 739 761 824 806 990 869 1135 1320

Mauritania 362 494 463 438 359 305 312 374 356 360 400

Mauritius 1930 1976 2289 2189 2073 2247 2093 1987 2159 2363 2778

Morocco 8272 10023 9704 9525 10290 9925 11534 11038 11879 14231 17625

Mozambique 1019 704 759 739 790 1139 1158 1063 1263 1753 1970

Namibia 1412 1616 1670 1753 1648 1610 1550 1547 1480 1990 2435

Niger 328 373 448 391 471 394 393 370 400 490 560

Nigeria 6613 8222 6438 9501 9211 8588 8721 11586 7547 10853 14164

Rwanda 236 236 258 297 285 253 211 281 248 259 285

Sao Tome and Principe 30 29 22 16 17 38 30 28 31 42 45

Senegal 1022 1412 1436 1335 1455 1564 1519 1730 2031 2392 2710

Seychelles 206 233 379 340 384 434 342 476 420 430 465

Sierra Leone 150 133 211 93 95 81 149 182 264 303 286

Somalia 269 268 295 313 280 340 343 449 454 517 610

South Africa d 23363 30546 30182 32998 | 29242 26696 29695 28248 29267 41084 57100

Sudan 1227 1218 1547 1580 1925 1415 1553 1958 2446 2882 4075

Swaziland 927 1008 1062 1066 1083 1068 1046 1129 983 1570 2000

Tanzania 1504 1675 1388 1337 1453 1556 1524 1712 1687 2189 2490

Togo 222 | 594 664 645 588 597 562 553 591 865 1050

Tunisia 6580 7902 7700 7914 8350 8474 8567 9529 9526 10910 12738

Uganda 875 1056 1191 1316 1416 1342 1536 1594 1136 1292 1491

Zambia 594 700 835 819 1100 822 993 1307 1253 1549 2143

Zimbabwe 2241 2660 2803 3092 2701 2126 1863 1715 1923 2250 2550

Middle East 117100 129600 138600 145900 141000 140000 159400 168600 175300 198100 251700

Bahrain 3747 3716 4273 4026 3566 3698 4633 4306 5013 5116 6345

Iran, Islamic Rep. of 13774 13882 16274 14196 14323 12683 14347 17627 22275 26158 34705

Iraq 620 665 950 4000 4400 6900 13384 13120 9817 9934 21302

Israel 25237 29578 31620 30781 29342 33166 37686 35449 35517 36282 42864

Jordan 3381 3697 4293 4102 3828 3717 4597 4871 5076 5743 8128

Kuwait 6697 7790 8373 8246 8619 7617 7157 7869 9001 10987 12005

Lebanon 5933 7278 7575 7464 7070 6207 6230 7293 6447 7171 9397

Oman 3914 4247 4578 5026 5682 4674 5040 5798 6005 6572 8865

Qatar 1927 3398 2868 3322 3409 2500 3252 3758 4052 4897 5420

Saudi Arabia 23338 28091 27744 28732 30013 28011 30238 31223 32312 36964 44576

Syrian Arab Republic 5467 4709 5380 4028 3895 3832 3815 4752 4278 5111 6287

United Arab Emirates 21024 20984 22638 29951 24728 24972 26717 30075 32536 39454 47640

Yemen 2087 1582 2038 2014 2167 2008 2324 2466 2921 3675 4190

Asia a 1147200 1403300 1473300 1494300 1246700 1363400 1676400 1556200 1652500 1962500 2469800

Afghanistan 375 368 500 436 373 411 550 1000 1500 2300 2300

Australia 53425 61283 65427 65892 64630 69158 71529 63888 72690 89084 109376

Bangladesh 4602 6694 7032 7263 7495 8331 8883 9018 8592 10427 12026

Bhutan 92 112 128 137 134 182 175 191 197 249 400

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Brunei Darussalam 1854 2091 2494 2203 1552 1342 1098 1100 1499 1244 1390

Cambodia b 744 1187 1072 1064 1166 1591 1939 2094 2314 2596 3170

China 115615 132084 138833 142370 140237 165699 225094 243553 295171 412760 561230

Fiji 842 892 987 965 722 903 830 794 898 1170 1274

Hong Kong, China 165878 196072 201284 213297 186759 180711 214042 202008 207969 233249 272893

retained imports 43149 52147 47801 52408 36483 28689 34895 31215 24369 24132 27328

India 26843 34707 37942 41432 42980 46979 51523 50392 56517 71238 97339

Indonesia 31983 40630 42929 | 51304 35280 33321 43595 37534 38310 42243 54895

Japan 275235 335882 349152 338754 280484 309995 379511 349089 337194 382930 454543

Kiribati 26 35 38 39 33 41 40 41 43 40 48

Korea, Republic of 102348 135119 150339 144616 93282 119752 160481 141098 152126 178827 224463

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 564 589 690 706 553 525 535 528 431 482 506

Macao, China 2001 2042 2000 2082 1955 2040 2255 2386 2530 2755 3478

Malaysia 59600 77691 78418 79030 58319 64966 81963 73866 79869 83618 105287

Maldives 222 268 302 349 354 402 389 393 392 471 645

Mongolia 258 415 451 468 503 513 615 638 691 801 990

Myanmar 886 1348 1371 2056 2695 2323 2401 2877 2348 2091 2220

Nepal 1155 1333 1398 1693 1246 1422 1573 1473 1419 1754 1870

New Caledonia 876 957 995 929 929 1006 924 931 1008 1541 1636

New Zealand 11913 13957 14724 14519 12495 14299 13906 13308 15047 18565 23201

Pakistan 8931 11515 12189 11650 9330 10207 10864 10191 11233 13038 17949

Papua New Guinea 1522 1452 1741 1711 1240 1188 1151 1071 1137 1297 1680

Philippines 22641 28341 34126 38622 31496 32568 37027 34921 37180 39502 42345

Samoa 81 95 100 97 97 115 106 130 135 137 168

Singapore 102670 124507 131338 132437 101732 111060 134545 116000 116441 127934 163854

retained imports 64177 75796 79790 79853 55218 65062 75444 60421 58100 63526 82815

Solomon Islands 139 154 151 158 128 110 92 90 67 82 100

Sri Lanka 4767 5306 5442 5864 5905 5961 7177 5973 6105 6672 7973

Taipei, Chinese 85484 103558 102525 114138 104722 110828 139909 107083 112616 127366 168444

Thailand 54459 70786 72332 62854 42971 50342 61924 61962 64645 75805 95353

Tonga 69 77 75 73 69 73 70 73 89 93 100

Tuvalu 8 9 8 6 10 8 5 4 11 16 18

Vanuatu 89 95 98 94 88 96 89 102 89 105 128

Viet Nam 5826 8155 11144 11592 11500 11742 15638 16218 19746 25227 31091

Memorandum items:

World excluding a

intra-EU (25) imports ... ... ... ... ... 4304000 5075000 4829000 4968000 5717000 6985000

intra-EU (15) imports 3347000 3941000 4173000 4409000 4257000 4480000 5265000 5034000 5197000 6008000 ...

Europe excluding

intra-EU (25) imports ... ... ... ... ... 988485 1134395 1088045 1116630 1342070 1629435

intra-EU (15) imports 832615 995150 1051670 1091625 1143445 1164515 1324305 1292770 1345040 1633715 ...

a Includes significant imports for re-export.b Imports are valued f.o.b.c Beginning with 1998, imports are valued f.o.b.d Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union.Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an 'I'. They result mainly from changes in the methods

of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics which includes imports for re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

Table A8

World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World 1031100 1182200 1267900 1318200 1346300 1397000 1485100 1488700 1588100 1804700 2127500

North America 214600 233500 255800 274800 283400 306400 331300 319200 327200 342100 379000

Canada 23210 25425 28601 30724 33040 35229 39271 38280 39832 41945 46754Mexico 10075 9585 10516 10997 11534 11606 13567 12550 12474 12477 13931United States 181277 198501 216653 233049 238846 259608 278468 268417 274852 287695 318297

Antigua and Barbuda 391 348 363 402 424 430 408 395 388 416 ...Argentina 3213 3667 4188 4382 4603 4455 4648 4364 3111 3967 4851Aruba 605 626 751 799 877 972 994 980 979 1022 1211Bahamas 1490 1523 1558 1573 1517 1789 2009 1832 1955 1954 2056Barbados 785 844 901 933 995 997 1055 1032 1003 1124 ...Belize 109 117 125 124 122 141 152 151 169 197 226Bolivarian Rep. of VenezuelaBolivia 177 174 167 232 235 243 207 221 242 283 311Brazil 4817 6005 4453 5488 7083 6873 8961 8718 8790 9570 11473Chile 2764 3249 3495 3799 3859 3780 3995 4071 4315 4870 5872Colombia 1522 1641 2133 2096 1892 1877 1984 2123 1799 1831 2064Costa Rica 1163 957 1042 1116 1329 1643 1911 1875 1842 1996 2197Cuba 1160 1528 1929 2151 2592 2855 3114 2954 2836 3200 ...Dominica 51 61 67 80 84 97 87 74 78 80 ...Dominican Republic 1737 1894 2078 2373 2421 2767 3143 3024 2982 3368 3429Ecuador 640 687 640 639 631 681 793 799 859 830 885El Salvador 338 342 318 460 576 620 673 680 750 811 921Grenada 100 98 105 105 116 141 146 129 130 137 ...Guatemala 659 628 533 542 581 653 702 948 1053 954 1063Guyana 117 130 146 148 142 147 169 172 172 186 ...Haiti 7 98 104 172 163 173 158 123 132 116 111Honduras 207 221 277 328 332 427 429 432 473 538 593Jamaica 1452 1568 1574 1672 1743 1949 1988 1867 1881 2097 2182Netherlands Antilles 1382 1465 1378 1391 1495 1506 1592 1603 1577 1653 1801Nicaragua 80 94 101 126 153 181 187 188 192 213 243Panama 1172 1298 1390 1515 1757 1747 1961 1958 2241 2520 2690Paraguay 411 566 581 634 606 554 596 525 531 558 555Peru 951 1042 1323 1457 1674 1488 1495 1398 1428 1560 1725Saint Kitts and Nevis 92 80 87 93 98 98 95 95 86 103 ...Saint Lucia 237 264 266 287 318 305 320 282 257 326 ...Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesSuriname 70 101 96 85 67 73 85 56 35 52 ...Trinidad and Tobago 317 331 447 535 574 592 543 563 598 ... ...Uruguay 1324 1309 1388 1413 1309 1235 1249 1099 727 751 960

Europe 517500 596900 627800 640300 687400 699700 722000 742100 807600 960300 1125800

Albania 79 94 123 52 83 253 429 495 552 695 970Austria 27494 31692 33425 29214 29225 30865 31060 33001 34835 42352 48256Belgium - - - - - - - - 36153 43107 49283Belgium-Luxembourg 35392 33619 33064 34097 36688 44073 48556 48970 - - -Bosnia and Herzegovina ... ... ... ... 449 450 433 480 508 680 825Bulgaria 1257 1431 1366 1307 1766 1760 2129 2081 2324 3123 4083Croatia 2660 2223 3193 3984 3949 3708 4056 4883 5581 8634 9615Cyprus 2398 I 3102 3047 3022 3297 3655 3798 4067 4218 4850 5799Czech Republic 5120 6638 8071 7033 7518 6928 6751 7034 7024 7754 9654Denmark 13578 15171 16341 14044 15212 19982 23721 25134 26667 31672 36346Estonia 508 868 1099 1314 1476 1486 1495 1640 1705 2199 2786Faeroe Islands ... ... ... ... 51 56 54 57 71 78 ...Finland 5415 7334 7060 6569 6632 6457 6118 5775 6399 7807 8908France 74688 83108 82585 79914 84164 81439 80330 81775 85297 97968 109453FYR Macedonia ... ... 151 127 148 249 290 198 220 306 384Germany 58472 73575 77633 77525 79957 80170 79659 84272 96649 116032 133857Greece 9142 9528 9262 9224 I 10068 I 16464 19181 19384 20125 24204 33180Hungary 3046 5086 5806 5744 5361 5171 5836 6949 7336 8613 10050Iceland 531 588 653 725 847 826 936 1004 1038 1280 1525Ireland 4145 4799 5562 6046 I 16504 15526 18326 23267 28369 37732 46875Italy 53170 61173 64913 66409 66621 58018 55998 57098 59562 70052 82018Latvia 651 718 1121 1027 1103 1020 1153 1164 1226 1496 1760Lithuania 322 482 786 1020 1096 1083 1052 1147 1451 1864 2470Luxembourg - - - - - - - - 19970 24673 33065Malta 975 1026 1051 1089 1157 1200 1088 1086 1119 1239 1375Netherlands 40486 44646 46219 47727 48570 48021 48360 50087 54573 63074 72965Norway 11915 13458 14600 15503 15379 15702 17134 17468 18517 21465 25893

61 72 96 98 106 124 124 130 135 130 ...

1454 1529 1448 1189 1286 1207 1057 1242 913 791 1008

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Poland 6655 10637 9700 8898 10810 8331 10395 9745 10030 11170 13330Portugal 6701 8161 7964 7922 8735 8565 8369 8720 9552 11387 13776Romania 1023 1476 1552 1499 1201 1340 1720 2007 2326 3000 3584Serbia and Montenegro ... ... 688 818 914 471 624 740 829 1130 1678Slovak Republic 2221 2378 2060 2151 2275 1886 2218 2463 2787 3270 3701Slovenia 1805 2016 2129 2035 2022 1872 1882 1956 2311 2787 3462Spain 33465 39760 43985 43828 48977 53069 53199 57843 62034 76252 84464Sweden 13383 15336 16669 17505 17675 19691 20014 21758 23757 30337 37842Switzerland 22018 25179 25476 24589 25893 27443 27741 26120 29021 33229 36828Turkey 10723 14475 13274 19730 23719 16671 20177 15913 14724 18989 23804United Kingdom 67547 76536 86736 98230 107902 115755 117751 116293 128758 145767 171799

European Union (25) 466800 537400 566300 571600 613000 630700 646300 670600 731900 867700 1016500Extra-EU (25) exports a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 366700 427100

European Union (15) 443100 504400 531400 538300 576900 598100 610600 633400 692700 822400 962100Extra-EU (15) exports a 193400 221400 239300 252800 265400 270300 276500 285600 307400 363900 431800

Commonwealth of Independent States (CEI) ... ... ... 22300 19800 16100 17200 19500 23300 27100 33400

Armenia 12 27 75 97 118 129 130 179 176 199 232Azerbaijan ... 166 139 332 320 237 234 256 321 392 454Belarus 251 466 907 919 919 745 989 1124 1317 1477 1729Georgia ... ... ... 188 354 217 206 299 354 403 492Kazakhstan ... 535 674 842 904 933 906 1093 1363 1528 1809Kyrgyz Republic 33 39 32 40 58 60 57 73 120 134 202Moldova 33 143 103 163 148 126 155 160 207 235 310Russian Federation 8425 10568 13283 14079 12375 9071 9565 11215 13451 16088 20164Ukraine 2747 2846 4799 4937 3922 3869 3800 3897 4583 5013 6041

Africa 22500 25700 28000 28200 28000 30400 30500 30700 32000 39700 47600

Algeria 585 793 763 753 973 1010 927 884 1191 1287 ...Angola 150 113 226 139 122 153 267 203 207 ... ...Benin 114 160 123 102 127 155 126 133 140 159 ...Botswana 175 236 145 187 240 305 306 326 439 591 678Burundi 6 4 5 3 3 2 2 2 4 2 ...Cameroon 309 242 ... ... ... ... ... 365 419 524 ...Cape Verde 39 58 65 79 75 95 101 120 144 211 268Central African Republic ... 15 13 12 9 13 9 9 6 6 ...Congo 49 62 60 86 112 139 130 137 158 137 ...Côte d'Ivoire 419 426 473 502 533 508 415 510 513 601 ...Djibouti 33 28 31 31 61 65 69 74 79 87 ...Egypt 7693 8262 9079 9096 7832 9276 9687 8815 9127 10837 14048Eritrea 90 49 105 159 77 44 54 113 118 ... ...Ethiopia 266 310 321 318 308 392 387 391 450 588 ...Gabon 200 191 205 205 194 249 171 143 154 181 ...Gambia 76 38 88 97 83 78 62 57 56 61 ...Ghana 136 139 144 152 427 454 490 515 539 612 684Guinea 14 17 63 70 66 36 27 72 43 55 31Kenya 815 851 789 716 631 721 727 793 737 832 ...Lesotho 30 30 34 79 46 37 36 35 31 ... ...Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 23 20 17 17 31 50 119 134 275 329 ...Madagascar 183 219 254 243 264 290 314 274 158 202 ...Malawi 26 24 37 39 32 49 34 44 49 36 ...Mali 51 68 72 69 71 94 92 140 150 208 ...Mauritania 17 19 24 25 24 25 30 36 46 ... ...Mauritius 629 773 955 889 911 1030 1066 1218 1146 1274 1449Morocco 1877 2020 2433 2203 2558 2803 2854 3787 4098 5126 6422Mozambique 191 242 253 279 286 295 325 249 336 300 246Namibia 245 301 325 367 315 311 174 248 I 275 404 463Nigeria 371 608 733 786 884 980 1130 1110 1203 1505 1446Rwanda ... 11 13 34 32 36 41 45 48 54 ...Senegal 309 364 315 329 366 351 330 345 389 489 ...Seychelles 238 261 223 245 237 261 281 282 290 304 300Sierra Leone 86 71 46 20 13 18 39 47 38 66 ...South Africa 3557 4414 4848 5210 5213 5041 4888 4533 4576 7328 8066Sudan 44 82 37 30 14 82 I 24 14 130 31 35Swaziland 110 150 98 90 87 68 211 119 113 ... ...Tanzania 411 566 602 470 534 576 575 618 609 627 785Togo 52 64 102 78 65 54 46 53 72 92 ...Tunisia 2174 2401 2527 2518 2607 2769 2680 2829 2603 2842 3520Uganda 64 104 145 165 176 188 205 214 224 284 435Zambia ... ... ... 112 102 107 114 144 136 165 232Zimbabwe 354 467 575 622 595 585 311 228 196 189 ...

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Middle East ... ... ... 21400 23500 25700 29100 27700 27200 30600 35500

Bahrain 819 683 666 637 725 859 934 950 1068 1260 1558Iran, Islamic Rep. of 410 533 743 1018 1380 977 1357 ... ... ... ...Israel 6549 7741 7962 8659 9414 11451 14457 11743 10955 12227 14179Jordan 1543 1689 1830 1717 1810 1689 1599 1391 1473 1462 1499Kuwait 1189 1143 1263 1507 1496 1298 1571 1399 1372 1765 2067Oman 13 13 237 269 388 413 438 351 418 457 580Saudi Arabia 3342 3476 2769 4251 4723 5373 4779 5008 5177 5713 5858Syrian Arab Republic 1616 1632 1540 1344 1422 1415 1480 1566 1347 1181 2222Yemen 104 141 147 168 133 141 174 130 130 245 246

Asia 216200 257900 281500 292700 262400 275700 307800 303300 326100 356000 450400

Australia 13767 15741 18106 18058 15830 17051 18197 16295 17447 20629 24774Bangladesh 419 469 223 267 252 266 283 243 305 398 421Bhutan 20 15 10 16 15 18 16 31 29 25 29Cambodia 45 103 152 150 173 289 423 517 597 518 ...China 16354 18430 20567 24504 23879 26165 30146 32901 39381 46375 62056Fiji 489 524 566 616 472 505 457 433 518 732 ...Hong Kong, China 31142 34338 38295 38514 33186 34169 38668 39370 42946 45570 53578India 6031 6763 7179 8926 11067 14006 16030 16799 19125 23092 I 39638Indonesia 4680 5342 6462 6792 4340 4452 5061 5362 6519 5143 ...Japan b 56776 I 68803 72496 74631 67410 65460 73362 68630 70155 75933 94933Korea, Republic of 16233 22133 22648 25439 24828 25766 29746 28103 27345 31502 40047Lao People's Dem. Rep. 56 68 79 78 116 101 134 127 137 110 ...Macao, China 2723 3154 3252 3163 2845 2710 3280 3768 4467 5246 7579Malaysia 9200 11438 14966 15569 11400 11800 13812 14331 14753 13459 16655Maldives 195 230 286 309 329 340 345 351 360 429 511Mongolia 35 47 43 50 75 73 74 109 179 200 ...Myanmar 258 353 421 513 618 496 459 388 357 277 ...Nepal 527 592 680 795 433 454 410 303 192 302 ...New Zealand 3599 4400 4575 4180 3700 4326 4363 4318 5094 6370 7830Pakistan 1444 1432 1546 1446 1303 1264 1284 1302 1496 1476 1697Papua New Guinea 235 321 432 397 318 248 243 285 ... ... ...Philippines ... ... ... ... ... ... 3935 3112 3028 3299 4101Samoa 40 53 62 59 58 47 47 ... ... ... ...Singapore 22939 27739 29097 27988 23476 26285 29307 29005 29894 30622 36542Solomon Islands 42 35 47 64 52 51 49 28 16 25 31Sri Lanka 729 800 741 850 892 940 915 1334 1247 1386 1503Taipei, Chinese 13115 14927 16154 17021 16660 17037 19890 19760 21501 23028 25531Thailand 11425 14652 16704 15619 13074 14542 13785 12932 15304 15694 18932Tonga 14 23 30 31 23 20 14 18 18 24 22Vanuatu 70 75 85 81 108 106 118 112 78 92 111Viet Nam 1283 2147 2243 2530 2616 2493 2702 2810 2948 3272 ...

Memorandum items:

World excluding intra-EU (25) exports a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1303700 1538100 intra-EU (15) exports a 781400 899100 975800 1032800 1034800 1069200 1151000 1141000 1202800 1346200 1597200

Europe excluding intra-EU (25) exports a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 459300 536400 intra-EU (15) exports a 267800 313800 335700 354900 375900 371900 387900 394400 422300 501800 595500

a See the Technical Notes for estimation of intra and extra-EU trade.b Secretariat estimates for exports from 1995 to 2002 are based on the new methodology applied by the Bank of Japan. See the Technical NotesNote: Due to frequent revisions to the services data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the data series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes

esTable A9

World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World 1041800 1198000 1265500 1301600 1330600 1383900 1473600 1487900 1569000 1784100 2094500

North America 165100 171100 184600 201700 217000 238200 269400 266000 272900 296100 335100

Canada 32088 32985 35422 37528 37671 40060 43597 43340 44567 50016 55856Mexico 12391 9021 9994 11830 12569 14061 16718 16521 17031 17571 19250United States 120654 129108 139186 152369 166734 184035 209049 206131 211272 228535 259999

Antigua and Barbuda 128 140 153 160 166 171 145 162 167 178 ...Argentina 6883 6964 7560 8659 9026 8537 8871 8205 4559 5265 6427Aruba 198 207 483 557 528 685 617 591 575 683 755Bahamas 593 605 669 790 939 904 950 892 914 995 1143Barbados 299 347 365 389 409 433 460 471 466 492 ...Belize 86 88 88 87 94 100 114 113 122 130 138Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 4525 4654 4625 3780 3842 3982 4236 4509 3837 3261 4271Bolivia 314 321 337 401 423 436 451 382 417 461 506Brazil 9836 13161 12200 14447 15743 13357 15574 15825 13496 14350 16066Chile 2869 3524 3484 3902 4261 4474 4664 4848 4953 5437 6401Colombia 2581 2825 3325 3596 3354 3082 3242 3536 3234 3270 3795Costa Rica 846 895 1019 975 1099 1185 1262 1156 1169 1175 1256Cuba 497 683 556 632 660 692 808 640 625 650 ...Dominica 33 40 43 49 48 54 48 47 50 40 ...Dominican Republic 911 957 1100 1160 1300 1224 1340 1249 1271 1178 1156Ecuador 1072 1141 1071 1198 1208 1141 1225 1395 1590 1540 1667El Salvador 409 488 481 615 723 800 912 938 1007 1018 1056Grenada 39 37 44 54 64 76 83 78 84 79 ...Guatemala 602 672 638 627 759 760 786 891 1018 1086 1247Guyana 157 168 169 171 174 178 193 192 196 205 ...Haiti 64 236 241 321 204 222 252 234 240 244 304Honduras 304 326 326 359 437 491 584 613 606 662 736Jamaica 923 1073 1118 1196 1258 1286 1391 1480 1552 1527 1611Netherlands Antilles 665 563 624 575 611 662 730 764 764 801 835Nicaragua 159 207 239 227 253 319 327 336 316 349 385Panama 1030 1049 1001 1247 1211 1102 1096 1053 1256 1244 1382Paraguay 569 676 624 630 549 463 406 362 316 316 316Peru 1455 1781 1989 2232 2299 2149 2215 2266 2408 2484 2672Saint Kitts and Nevis 43 51 58 61 58 81 72 71 74 76 ...Saint Lucia 98 118 113 114 121 128 117 108 119 132 ...Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 49 53 55 72 74 62 56 56 57 62 ...Suriname 99 146 144 174 174 136 177 164 152 188 ...Trinidad and Tobago 424 223 199 232 235 253 363 339 340 ... ...Uruguay 821 814 795 840 831 760 842 768 575 582 634

Europe 483300 559000 583300 585900 640200 658400 672700 694800 750100 890000 1025000

Albania 128 98 134 93 119 152 413 422 561 734 965Austria 20594 27552 29195 28431 27271 29306 29573 31373 34914 41298 47055Belgium - - - - - - - - 35245 42221 48254Belgium-Luxembourg 33550 32511 31419 31437 34095 38815 41444 42856 - - -Bosnia and Herzegovina ... ... ... ... 262 277 271 271 309 393 438Bulgaria 1246 1278 1246 1157 1398 1473 1660 1705 1869 2541 3225Croatia 1190 1327 1661 2238 1850 2055 1783 1918 2378 2950 3577Cyprus 847 1294 1389 1374 1476 1537 1563 1592 1657 2130 2563Czech Republic 4685 4860 6198 5305 5690 5772 5364 5487 6372 7240 9120Denmark 11997 13945 14642 13727 15779 18402 21063 22121 24305 28254 33385Estonia 331 420 525 649 814 829 868 976 1077 1358 1707Faeroe Islands ... ... ... ... 90 95 97 105 131 146 ...Finland 7094 9418 8612 8039 7643 7491 8323 7994 7900 9925 11750France 56177 64523 65617 62597 66432 62478 59936 61781 68127 81783 96400FYR Macedonia ... ... 300 266 202 223 260 253 267 323 444Germany 110320 130631 132600 128253 133673 139385 135810 140593 143428 170388 192984Greece 3420 4003 3830 4196 4976 8831 10918 11189 10306 10731 13400Hungary 2875 3766 3919 3988 4139 4283 4708 5470 6749 8987 9987Iceland 567 630 729 790 948 1012 1149 1058 1105 1479 1814Ireland 8404 11252 13416 15158 29459 26475 31212 35281 41899 52237 58440Italy 48075 54613 57030 58944 62887 56240 54632 56087 61110 73318 80609Latvia 211 225 703 637 717 628 687 663 697 926 1166Lithuania 266 457 639 850 816 747 655 669 878 1215 1512Luxembourg - - - - - - - - 13143 16456 22292Malta 668 646 664 629 686 715 708 714 712 796 924Netherlands 40316 43618 44127 44315 46252 48134 49940 52166 56476 65176 72434Norway 11905 13052 13312 14112 14662 14732 14306 14973 16771 19784 23989

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Poland 3746 7008 6228 5610 6479 6837 8860 8852 9089 10526 12293Portugal 5255 6339 6359 6293 6623 6555 6484 6299 6568 7642 8946Romania 1166 1801 1924 1865 1796 1759 1948 2113 2304 2913 3820Serbia and Montenegro ... ... 277 362 421 243 293 323 537 795 1192Slovak Republic 1549 1801 1997 2062 2272 1812 1779 1979 2322 3012 3416Slovenia 1148 1429 1480 1391 1509 1506 1423 1442 1715 2165 2611Spain 17906 20971 23521 23903 27038 30101 30950 33709 37098 45615 53672Sweden 14594 17112 18651 19427 21620 22511 23368 22920 23856 28647 32993Switzerland 12644 14899 15557 13979 14952 15736 15449 16350 17086 19135 21099Turkey 3418 4654 6381 8577 9954 8894 8532 6464 6272 7769 10302United Kingdom 56522 62262 68733 75000 85238 92321 96279 96594 104890 119021 136068

European Union (25) 450500 520700 541500 542200 593600 611700 626500 648800 700500 831100 954000Extra-EU (25) imports a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 328100 381700

European Union (15) 434200 498700 517800 519700 569000 587000 599900 621000 669300 792700 908700Extra-EU (15) imports a 182800 207800 225000 236100 257100 263100 270000 277000 287400 335600 396800

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) ... ... ... 26300 23100 19500 23600 29300 34100 39800 49700

Armenia 41 52 129 157 190 183 177 192 217 264 301Azerbaijan ... 297 433 714 692 476 475 650 1283 2027 2702Belarus 197 276 330 354 438 431 551 829 892 894 1009Georgia ... ... ... 249 335 224 216 231 317 347 437Kazakhstan ... 776 928 1124 1154 1104 1831 2609 3506 3712 4937Kyrgyz Republic 69 193 247 169 173 152 145 120 145 146 279Moldova 74 193 156 191 190 168 190 195 243 274 356Russian Federation 15435 20206 18665 20025 16456 13352 16229 19958 22853 26487 32766Ukraine 1538 1334 1625 2268 2545 2292 2590 3167 3143 3979 4695

Africa 30800 34500 35400 36600 37400 35800 37700 38500 40600 47200 54500

Algeria 973 1365 1212 1000 1069 989 1411 1413 1511 1510 ...Angola 1425 1665 1738 2046 2395 2194 2271 3176 3197 ... ...Benin 156 235 189 170 191 214 186 186 195 247 ...Botswana 307 440 339 435 517 515 538 512 508 638 715Burundi 59 62 29 29 35 18 36 31 35 38 ...Cameroon 477 485 ... ... ... ... ... 810 1080 1062 ...Cape Verde 30 55 62 66 85 112 97 113 138 198 228Central African Republic 114 150 114 130 136 107 113 96 89 90 ...Congo 983 690 929 748 853 854 728 842 917 925 ...Côte d'Ivoire 899 1235 1296 1340 1408 1358 1142 1188 1447 1606 ...Djibouti 84 77 71 68 74 60 65 61 56 60 ...Egypt 5382 4511 4709 5813 5886 5959 7161 6356 6013 6038 7393Eritrea 8 45 54 100 179 101 24 28 25 ... ...Ethiopia 299 337 331 377 442 463 479 516 556 695 ...Gabon 809 882 908 943 980 854 846 695 832 933 ...Gambia 49 47 60 60 64 62 61 60 54 61 ...Ghana 319 331 332 358 533 555 514 538 548 734 881Guinea 233 252 321 204 274 258 183 220 156 188 196Kenya 601 733 712 708 632 505 665 712 578 568 ...Lesotho 43 59 55 58 50 47 41 38 45 ... ...Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 649 532 731 709 792 887 815 964 1343 1528 ...Madagascar 249 278 280 289 326 336 396 424 317 406 ...Malawi 148 151 186 219 162 185 167 171 222 110 ...Mali 296 412 357 329 332 351 324 414 380 478 ...Mauritania 162 197 208 180 130 152 168 194 220 ... ...Mauritius 526 631 666 656 706 719 748 799 775 876 1013Morocco 1208 1350 1301 1267 1482 1537 1521 1705 1903 2350 2800Mozambique 323 350 319 329 396 392 439 607 531 528 484Namibia 455 538 569 522 449 431 321 265 215 242 379Nigeria 2981 4399 4541 4695 4054 3311 3464 3530 4013 4839 4207Rwanda 171 58 63 100 99 106 113 113 124 136 ...Senegal 333 405 386 389 432 419 396 403 457 568 ...Seychelles 77 100 108 124 127 152 170 165 194 197 193Sierra Leone 93 79 73 38 33 79 82 93 76 89 ...South Africa 4888 5756 5508 5810 5465 5581 5657 5104 5243 7803 9079Sudan 199 150 169 168 200 270 632 638 784 805 1024Swaziland 190 206 233 236 262 188 281 170 134 ... ...Tanzania 439 729 883 709 885 723 620 627 647 746 964Togo 109 148 197 168 149 130 116 129 147 221 ...Tunisia 1198 1245 1131 1066 1121 1106 1119 1332 1353 1510 1869Uganda 436 563 675 669 728 419 459 504 532 511 682Zambia ... ... ... 282 282 298 328 359 367 388 468Zimbabwe 645 694 790 888 616 557 443 394 416 492 ...

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Middle East ... ... ... 45800 40800 41800 46100 44600 45200 50800 60800

Bahrain 622 634 613 635 652 701 739 748 927 886 934Iran, Islamic Rep. of 3062 2192 2899 3182 2571 1905 1577 ... ... ... ...Israel 7411 8209 8915 9124 9437 10496 12308 12225 11293 11730 13273Jordan 1197 1385 1348 1241 1588 1485 1463 1520 1541 1564 1733Kuwait 3641 3847 4215 4055 4243 3866 4115 4520 4880 5537 6135Oman 900 985 1328 1556 1891 1714 1756 1896 1834 2059 2578Saudi Arabia 8916 8670 12576 14393 8648 9426 10928 7155 7152 7936 11039Syrian Arab Republic 1450 1358 1378 1302 1299 1416 1468 1494 1675 1697 1795Yemen 664 604 517 632 649 672 757 794 883 947 984

Asia 269400 328600 350600 354600 318900 339900 369400 360000 377600 409600 511700

Australia 15064 16691 18197 18427 16880 17938 18009 16617 17742 21030 25613Bangladesh 857 1192 1059 1184 1164 1318 1523 1423 1318 1595 1838Bhutan 38 27 11 12 24 18 27 35 34 42 37Cambodia 132 181 209 182 214 285 321 340 366 386 ...China 15781 24635 22369 27724 26467 30967 35858 39032 46080 54852 71602Fiji 344 371 387 382 331 364 298 266 263 278 ...Hong Kong, China 18642 20796 22101 23284 24874 23614 24475 24576 25472 25789 29818India 8030 10062 11000 12277 14192 17045 18896 19792 20778 25511 40950Indonesia 11136 13230 14777 16214 11871 12139 15381 15596 16770 17171 ...Japan 105449 121548 128701 122079 110705 114173 115686 107027 106612 110263 134013Korea, Republic of 18248 25394 29158 29037 24112 26773 32957 32473 36132 39861 49642Lao People's Dem. Rep. 149 119 123 107 92 49 13 5 5 6 ...Macao, China 446 483 511 610 612 703 812 876 1028 1067 1255Malaysia 11918 14822 17406 18115 12973 14622 16603 16539 16248 17323 18776Maldives 62 75 86 93 98 107 108 108 110 120 137Mongolia 88 87 108 101 142 140 158 198 260 355 ...Myanmar 118 233 291 434 353 277 310 347 310 340 ...Nepal 290 305 235 216 189 202 193 205 231 256 ...New Zealand 4034 4601 4803 4817 4428 4510 4482 4226 4645 5494 6798Pakistan 2182 2431 2913 2424 2044 1894 2109 2216 2095 3102 ...Papua New Guinea 608 642 779 924 794 728 772 662 ... ... ...Philippines ... ... ... ... ... ... 6384 5196 4063 4841 5081Samoa 28 34 33 39 29 19 17 ... ... ... ...Singapore 13800 20701 22204 22179 19565 24166 27317 28243 29608 29423 36193Solomon Islands 104 76 80 103 54 86 73 61 42 52 42Sri Lanka 1020 1169 1174 1271 1328 1388 1592 1735 1553 1646 1833Taipei, Chinese 20465 22982 23750 24120 23246 23285 25507 23435 23852 24803 29859Thailand 15231 18601 19313 17144 11874 13464 15329 14475 16572 17999 23042Tonga 30 37 26 44 30 30 19 24 28 37 40Vanuatu 33 35 36 35 53 65 63 67 41 49 54Viet Nam 1264 1982 2304 3153 3146 3040 3252 3382 3698 4165 ...

Memorandum items:

World excluding intra-EU (25) imports a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1281100 1522200 intra-EU (15) imports a 790300 907000 972700 1017900 1018800 1059900 1143700 1143900 1187200 1327000 1582600

Europe excluding intra-EU (25) imports a ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 387000 452700 intra-EU (15) imports a 231800 268000 290500 302200 328400 334400 342800 350800 368300 432900 513100

a See the Technical Notes for estimation of intra and extra-EU trade.

Note : Due to frequent revisions to the services data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the data series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes.

esTable A10

Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

Destination World a North America South & C. America Europe

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Agricultural products 586.25 682.14 783.10 93.62 101.49 114.82 19.47 20.29 22.67 278.10 336.71 383.22 Food 471.45 549.87 626.82 72.68 80.08 88.24 17.02 17.57 19.28 227.15 276.30 314.96

Fish 55.37 61.31 69.68 10.97 11.91 12.27 0.70 0.69 0.86 21.37 25.39 28.54 Other food products 416.08 488.57 557.13 61.71 68.17 75.97 16.32 16.89 18.42 205.78 250.91 286.42

Raw materials 114.81 132.26 156.29 20.95 21.41 26.58 2.45 2.71 3.39 50.95 60.41 68.26

Fuels and mining products 786.48 967.06 1280.64 155.88 194.91 257.63 25.98 32.42 43.63 299.18 362.85 461.16 Ores and other minerals 64.93 80.67 115.68 8.07 8.62 11.30 1.28 1.48 2.52 27.97 33.99 48.75 Fuels 610.79 760.30 993.00 126.86 165.17 216.44 23.06 29.00 37.80 217.65 268.22 334.77 Non-ferrous metals 110.76 126.09 171.97 20.95 21.12 29.89 1.64 1.95 3.31 53.55 60.64 77.63

Manufactures 4752.61 5489.31 6570.31 1180.92 1248.53 1439.92 128.77 132.33 169.63 2102.30 2511.52 2980.41 Iron and steel 144.44 182.15 265.86 21.84 20.71 37.81 3.69 3.85 5.52 66.24 85.12 124.46 Chemicals 668.66 803.65 975.86 115.97 135.55 154.20 26.17 28.96 36.38 344.32 421.76 508.89

Pharmaceuticals 167.25 205.16 246.85 30.95 37.60 43.09 5.10 5.39 6.38 104.04 130.05 160.04 Other chemicals 501.41 598.49 729.01 85.02 97.95 111.11 21.07 23.57 30.01 240.28 291.71 348.85

Other semi-manufactures 465.58 531.69 633.41 108.22 113.32 134.08 11.58 11.99 15.37 226.54 270.47 316.78 Machinery and transport equipment 2558.64 2918.34 3473.77 690.13 716.71 820.84 63.61 63.63 83.59 1059.77 1250.48 1479.00

Office and telecom equipment 848.67 950.63 1133.78 202.45 214.53 257.96 13.22 14.07 19.39 306.65 337.25 395.54 EDP and office equipment 327.65 367.78 420.24 89.03 97.78 115.71 4.60 4.51 5.68 135.77 155.91 176.30 Telecommunications equipment 272.14 305.74 383.18 77.76 81.54 101.40 6.29 6.80 10.46 110.01 123.96 153.08 Integrated circuits 248.89 277.11 330.36 35.66 35.21 40.85 2.32 2.76 3.24 60.87 57.38 66.16

Transport equipment 893.95 1028.56 1206.07 297.15 303.19 331.88 25.83 25.02 32.46 413.52 508.66 610.31 Automotive products 627.90 728.01 847.24 240.49 246.22 267.86 12.28 12.18 17.13 291.36 362.67 430.82 Other transport equipment 266.05 300.55 358.83 56.66 56.98 64.02 13.55 12.84 15.33 122.16 145.99 179.49

Other machinery 816.01 939.15 1133.92 190.53 198.99 231.00 24.56 24.54 31.75 339.60 404.58 473.15 Textiles 154.30 172.47 194.73 23.87 25.14 28.43 6.66 7.06 8.85 60.64 70.04 77.57 Clothing 203.04 232.49 258.10 67.32 72.22 77.19 4.97 4.63 5.08 90.59 108.95 121.66 Other manufactures 557.96 648.53 768.58 153.58 164.87 187.38 12.08 12.21 14.85 254.20 304.68 352.04 Personal and household goods 123.70 143.23 165.42 38.03 41.07 46.11 1.92 1.95 2.65 62.81 76.18 86.91 Scientific and controlling instruments 122.78 148.83 188.46 30.81 33.90 40.32 2.95 2.87 3.51 50.04 60.54 71.48 Miscellaneous manufactures 311.48 356.47 414.70 84.74 89.90 100.95 7.21 7.39 8.69 141.35 167.97 193.64

Total merchandise exports b 6299.00 7342.00 8907.00 1468.36 1582.82 1852.18 179.18 190.31 242.17 2745.43 3299.19 3956.50

North America

Raw materials 30.43 32.35 38.06 14.18 13.88 17.02 1.09 1.23 1.52 5.06 5.43 5.77

(Billion dollars)

CIS Africa Middle East Asia Destination

2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 Origin

15.12 19.61 24.52 22.38 25.22 29.63 20.86 23.57 27.20 132.17 150.06 173.53 Agricultural products 13.84 17.90 22.34 20.00 22.33 26.04 19.20 21.63 24.79 97.89 109.99 125.09 Food 0.85 1.07 1.36 0.94 1.23 1.42 0.47 0.54 0.62 19.51 19.84 22.89 Fish 12.99 16.84 20.98 19.07 21.10 24.62 18.73 21.09 24.17 78.39 90.16 102.20 Other food products 1.28 1.71 2.18 2.38 2.89 3.59 1.66 1.94 2.41 34.28 40.07 48.45 Raw materials

14.28 15.71 21.62 14.76 18.06 25.29 9.78 11.60 15.08 238.84 299.27 400.83 Fuels and mining products 1.32 1.67 2.36 1.16 1.64 2.38 1.12 1.25 1.64 23.37 31.11 45.79 Ores and other minerals 11.93 12.77 17.48 12.47 15.03 20.82 6.55 7.98 10.47 186.50 233.10 304.17 Fuels 1.04 1.27 1.78 1.14 1.39 2.09 2.11 2.37 2.97 28.96 35.07 50.87 Non-ferrous metals

68.08 94.17 132.05 96.29 116.36 145.48 135.95 160.57 196.23 993.34 1174.23 1443.04 Manufactures 3.07 4.91 7.29 4.70 5.78 7.80 6.90 9.43 12.42 37.31 51.30 68.39 Iron and steel 10.50 13.91 18.31 15.14 17.68 21.33 15.27 18.04 21.27 135.08 161.05 207.56 Chemicals 2.30 3.03 4.04 3.89 4.54 5.49 3.70 4.28 4.80 15.54 18.28 21.36 Pharmaceuticals 8.20 10.88 14.28 11.25 13.14 15.83 11.58 13.76 16.47 119.54 142.77 186.20 Other chemicals 8.12 10.91 15.26 10.37 12.61 15.34 18.58 21.61 27.50 75.80 87.40 104.42 Other semi-manufactures 31.47 43.72 63.27 47.90 58.59 74.76 69.14 81.22 99.78 569.98 672.61 816.12 Machinery and transport equipment 6.50 9.39 13.50 7.76 9.51 12.38 13.48 16.81 20.92 287.38 334.37 398.09 Office and telecom equipment 2.36 3.25 3.99 2.71 3.14 3.85 3.95 4.32 5.05 84.08 92.30 104.77 EDP and office equipment 3.63 5.40 8.46 4.41 5.52 7.43 8.64 11.44 14.13 58.44 67.65 83.43 Telecommunications equipment 0.51 0.75 1.05 0.64 0.86 1.10 0.89 1.05 1.74 144.87 174.42 209.88 Integrated circuits 9.30 13.44 19.99 18.94 23.44 30.55 26.63 31.18 37.28 92.38 112.54 128.08 Transport equipment 6.66 9.63 14.00 11.31 13.90 17.83 18.38 21.09 26.38 45.99 60.78 70.50 Automotive products 2.64 3.81 5.99 7.63 9.55 12.72 8.24 10.09 10.90 46.39 51.76 57.58 Other transport equipment 15.67 20.89 29.78 21.20 25.63 31.84 29.03 33.23 41.58 190.22 225.70 289.96 Other machinerY 2.71 3.70 4.63 7.28 8.52 10.05 7.94 8.80 10.07 43.59 48.09 53.51 Textiles 3.96 6.09 8.93 2.65 3.31 3.92 4.39 5.21 6.09 26.61 29.61 34.10 Clothing 8.26 10.93 14.36 8.25 9.88 12.28 13.73 16.26 19.10 104.97 124.16 158.94 Other manufactures 2.87 3.64 4.59 1.72 2.09 2.55 2.60 2.83 3.30 13.56 15.28 17.84 Personal and household goods 1.39 1.89 2.52 2.06 2.42 3.14 3.28 3.79 4.34 31.31 40.89 57.81 Scientific and controlling instruments 4.00 5.40 7.25 4.46 5.36 6.59 7.85 9.64 11.45 60.09 68.00 83.29 Miscellaneous manufactures

98.28 130.47 179.28 136.61 162.84 204.87 172.07 201.15 244.77 1396.38 1661.25 2064.72 Total merchandise exports b

North America

3.02 2.94 3.83 7.62 7.63 9.82 16.00 16.29 20.10 158.99 166.84 188.57 Manufactures 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.15 0.54 1.18 1.16 Iron and steel 0.44 0.42 0.38 0.93 0.94 1.22 1.17 1.31 1.61 23.96 26.66 32.73 Chemicals 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.14 0.21 0.24 0.25 0.30 2.53 2.68 2.96 Pharmaceuticals 0.39 0.37 0.33 0.82 0.80 1.01 0.93 1.06 1.32 21.43 23.97 29.76 Other chemicals 0.09 0.12 0.17 0.47 0.50 0.64 2.48 2.73 3.88 7.98 8.45 9.40 Other semi-manufactures 2.15 2.01 2.76 5.42 5.31 6.93 10.53 10.33 12.39 104.58 107.35 117.60 Machinery and transport equipment 0.28 0.33 0.42 0.63 0.71 0.97 1.45 1.51 1.96 48.16 51.21 52.10 Office and telecom equipment 0.14 0.18 0.26 0.24 0.27 0.33 0.55 0.60 0.66 12.23 11.79 11.70 EDP and office equipment 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.35 0.40 0.60 0.61 0.64 0.80 7.49 6.96 7.81 Telecommunications equipment 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.30 0.28 0.50 28.44 32.46 32.59 Integrated circuits 0.81 0.54 0.97 2.45 2.12 2.60 4.81 4.65 5.15 26.33 25.41 25.05 Transport equipment 0.12 0.21 0.42 0.46 0.67 0.80 1.99 1.98 3.01 5.17 5.49 5.58 Automotive products 0.69 0.33 0.55 1.99 1.45 1.80 2.82 2.67 2.14 21.16 19.92 19.47 Other transport equipment 1.06 1.14 1.38 2.34 2.49 3.37 4.27 4.17 5.29 30.09 30.72 40.45 Other machineyr 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.13 0.13 0.14 1.31 1.43 1.56 Textiles 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.57 0.52 0.57 Clothing 0.29 0.32 0.43 0.56 0.63 0.80 1.49 1.60 1.84 20.05 21.26 25.56 Other manufactures 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.92 1.02 1.05 Personal and household goods 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.26 0.30 0.38 0.75 0.86 1.01 9.88 10.61 13.49 Scientific and controlling instruments 0.13 0.16 0.23 0.27 0.28 0.38 0.55 0.59 0.66 9.25 9.64 11.02 Miscellaneous manufactures

(Billion dollars)

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Raw materials 6.73 7.75 9.47 2.35 2.54 3.16 0.80 0.79 0.86 1.90 2.21 2.59

Europe

Raw materials 42.96 51.51 59.48 1.73 1.81 2.35 0.23 0.25 0.30 34.75 42.04 47.58

(Billion dollars)

2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 Origin

0.07 0.12 0.19 1.07 1.53 2.17 0.57 0.67 0.80 4.42 6.39 7.04 Manufactures 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.16 0.26 0.41 0.12 0.17 0.18 1.36 2.42 2.37 Iron and steel 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.20 0.24 0.32 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.67 0.86 1.13 Chemicals 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 Pharmaceuticals 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.19 0.22 0.30 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.64 0.84 1.09 Other chemicals 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.20 0.29 0.30 0.10 0.13 0.12 1.07 1.23 1.48 Other semi-manufactures 0.02 0.05 0.09 0.45 0.67 1.03 0.25 0.24 0.32 1.11 1.66 1.80 Machinery and transport equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.57 0.55 Office and telecom equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.50 0.49 EDP and office equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.03 Telecommunications equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.03 Integrated circuits 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.28 0.45 0.65 0.11 0.11 0.19 0.37 0.64 0.67 Transport equipment 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.21 0.39 0.56 0.10 0.10 0.18 0.28 0.55 0.50 Automotive products 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.10 0.17 Other transport equipment 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.17 0.21 0.32 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.39 0.45 0.58 Other machinery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.09 0.08 Textiles 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 Clothing 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.12 0.13 0.16 Other manufactures 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 Personal and household goods 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.04 Scientific and controlling instruments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.06 Miscellaneous manufactures

Europe

41.99 55.52 76.71 56.31 68.26 81.19 61.01 74.60 92.76 186.19 224.31 273.85 Manufactures 0.98 0.92 1.35 2.06 2.57 3.36 2.51 3.67 5.05 4.16 6.29 7.33 Iron and steel 7.03 9.27 12.44 8.77 10.30 12.25 8.70 10.23 12.06 32.17 37.97 46.98 Chemicals 1.85 2.44 3.34 3.09 3.62 4.25 2.96 3.51 3.91 9.55 11.56 13.74 Pharmaceuticals 5.18 6.84 9.09 5.68 6.68 8.00 5.75 6.72 8.15 22.63 26.41 33.25 Other chemicals 5.10 6.63 9.03 5.46 6.85 8.16 8.53 9.79 12.47 19.20 23.71 27.52 Other semi-manufactures 20.29 27.87 40.07 30.24 37.51 44.79 31.87 40.11 50.76 99.30 120.41 147.88 Machinery and transport equipment 4.78 6.69 9.87 5.04 6.03 7.65 6.05 8.27 10.87 24.91 27.82 33.15 Office and telecom equipment 1.87 2.45 3.06 1.92 2.17 2.66 2.03 2.27 2.78 5.80 6.08 6.54 EDP and office equipment 2.55 3.72 6.07 2.69 3.27 4.24 3.72 5.60 7.32 9.02 9.04 10.91 Telecommunications equipment 0.36 0.51 0.75 0.43 0.59 0.75 0.31 0.41 0.77 10.09 12.70 15.69 Integrated circuits 5.32 7.66 10.29 10.77 13.92 15.94 9.58 12.65 16.22 25.49 32.60 38.22 Transport equipment 4.31 5.63 6.94 7.01 8.43 10.33 5.73 7.22 9.53 15.76 20.10 22.00 Automotiveproducts 1.01 2.03 3.35 3.76 5.48 5.61 3.85 5.44 6.69 9.73 12.50 16.22 Other transport equipment 10.18 13.53 19.90 14.42 17.57 21.20 16.24 19.18 23.67 48.91 60.00 76.51 Other machinery 1.47 1.89 2.32 3.65 4.11 4.43 1.16 1.32 1.60 3.71 4.29 4.88 Textiles 1.75 2.08 2.70 1.19 1.32 1.39 1.21 1.30 1.55 3.08 3.48 3.73 Clothing 5.38 6.86 8.81 4.94 5.61 6.82 7.02 8.19 9.27 24.57 28.17 35.53 Other manufactures 1.65 1.88 2.38 0.78 0.83 0.94 1.10 1.11 1.28 3.67 4.30 4.78 Personal and household goods 0.91 1.27 1.65 1.52 1.77 2.27 2.08 2.35 2.61 7.46 8.99 11.29 Scientific and controlling instruments 2.82 3.71 4.78 2.63 3.01 3.60 3.85 4.73 5.39 13.45 14.88 19.47 Miscellaneous manufactures

(Billion dollars)

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Agricultural productsFuels and mining productsManufacturesTotal merchandise exports b

Africa

Middle East

Raw materials 22.90 26.57 31.42 2.41 2.83 3.62 0.28 0.39 0.55 3.99 4.67 5.33

83.23 105.63 142.15 5.36 8.03 11.68 3.22 3.19 4.47 54.53 67.72 87.36 47.85 63.42 87.93 2.98 3.66 5.91 0.92 1.44 1.58 14.93 19.43 27.51

153.20 194.61 265.71 8.94 12.27 18.18 4.19 4.65 6.33 77.92 96.28 128.93

19.80 23.59 28.04 1.08 1.21 1.34 0.10 0.11 0.09 10.35 12.09 13.83 74.04 94.99 136.98 16.14 25.37 36.71 2.27 3.12 5.97 34.92 40.80 48.64 39.18 48.59 58.12 3.69 4.38 5.14 0.49 0.56 0.74 21.68 27.75 33.02

140.14 175.16 231.74 20.92 31.01 43.23 2.85 3.79 6.80 70.91 84.79 99.07

8.22 8.38 9.30 0.32 0.40 0.40 0.04 0.03 0.04 1.82 2.11 2.47 177.09 220.03 290.88 21.12 28.19 36.32 1.49 1.51 2.34 25.36 30.70 40.33 63.43 70.60 86.12 14.54 15.60 17.16 0.83 0.78 1.15 13.84 16.02 20.71

251.22 301.76 389.68 36.85 45.19 55.06 2.37 2.34 3.53 41.34 49.26 64.02

15.19 18.94 23.95 0.48 0.49 0.51 0.05 0.01 0.18 4.82 5.50 6.17

(Billion dollars)

2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 Origin

4.05 6.02 7.93 0.75 0.54 0.74 0.63 0.89 1.01 4.12 4.67 6.35 Agricultural products 12.71 13.76 19.01 0.22 0.23 0.89 1.18 1.91 2.87 5.85 8.57 12.14 Fuels and mining products 13.80 19.79 27.83 1.56 2.03 2.33 2.94 3.39 4.90 10.55 12.36 15.84 Manufactures 30.68 39.73 55.02 2.58 2.84 4.04 5.75 7.13 9.80 21.34 26.73 35.41 Total merchandise exports b

Africa

Middle East

8.53 14.88 22.51 19.68 25.18 36.42 41.00 49.87 62.09 617.08 744.07 931.16 Manufactures 0.09 0.47 0.67 0.71 0.89 1.27 1.59 2.06 2.74 25.17 32.94 46.50 Iron and steel 0.87 1.21 1.63 2.06 2.48 3.37 2.24 2.85 3.79 69.11 84.81 111.89 Chemicals 0.17 0.22 0.25 0.48 0.53 0.75 0.23 0.28 0.35 3.38 3.96 4.55 Pharmaceuticals 0.69 0.98 1.38 1.58 1.95 2.63 2.01 2.57 3.44 65.73 80.85 107.34 Other chemicals 0.44 0.71 1.12 2.20 2.70 3.64 4.78 5.96 8.05 43.75 49.45 60.07 Other semi-manufactures 3.06 5.54 8.93 8.66 11.27 17.84 20.76 24.93 30.36 359.47 436.12 540.41 Machinery and transport equipment 1.10 1.93 2.67 1.62 2.25 3.05 4.57 5.51 6.55 212.63 253.29 310.28 Office and telecom equipment 0.30 0.55 0.60 0.40 0.53 0.65 1.12 1.22 1.38 65.62 73.74 85.80 EDP and office equipment 0.72 1.24 1.87 1.08 1.52 2.13 3.18 3.96 4.77 41.04 50.80 63.67 Telecommunications equipment 0.08 0.13 0.20 0.14 0.20 0.28 0.27 0.33 0.40 105.96 128.75 160.81 Integrated circuits 0.87 1.91 3.86 3.99 5.15 9.58 10.08 12.10 13.88 38.19 50.85 61.08 Transport equipment 0.74 1.65 3.57 2.90 3.62 5.35 8.81 10.47 12.21 23.99 33.43 40.94 Automotive products 0.13 0.26 0.29 1.10 1.53 4.24 1.27 1.62 1.67 14.20 17.42 20.14 Other transport equipment 1.09 1.71 2.41 3.05 3.87 5.21 6.11 7.32 9.93 108.66 131.98 169.04 Other machinery 0.61 1.00 1.28 3.12 3.91 5.09 4.95 5.65 6.66 37.85 41.95 46.59 Textiles 1.99 3.73 5.89 1.13 1.61 2.17 2.73 3.36 3.98 22.87 25.52 29.67 Clothing 1.47 2.23 2.99 1.80 2.32 3.04 3.96 5.06 6.51 58.87 73.27 96.03 Other manufactures 0.84 1.26 1.58 0.66 0.89 1.16 1.06 1.28 1.57 8.90 9.83 11.86 Personal and household goods 0.09 0.13 0.21 0.19 0.22 0.33 0.30 0.39 0.49 13.23 20.56 32.12 Scientific and controlling instruments 0.55 0.84 1.20 0.96 1.20 1.55 2.60 3.39 4.45 36.75 42.88 52.06 Miscellaneous manufactures

a Includes unspecified destinations.b Includes unspecified products.Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

esTable A11

Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - United States

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 512.3 583.0 622.8 687.5 680.4 692.8 780.3 731.0 693.2 723.6 817.9

North America 165.4 172.6 189.6 221.8 233.5 251.3 288.5 265.6 258.7 267.3 300.3

Canada 114.6 126.3 132.9 150.5 154.6 164.3 176.8 164.1 161.2 169.9 189.6

Mexico 50.8 46.3 56.8 71.4 79.0 87.0 111.7 101.5 97.5 97.5 110.8

South and Central America 41.5 49.7 51.8 62.1 62.7 54.6 58.7 57.8 50.9 51.4 60.7

Brazil 8.1 11.4 12.7 15.9 15.2 13.2 15.4 15.9 12.4 11.2 13.9

Other South and Central America 33.3 38.3 39.1 46.2 47.5 41.3 43.3 41.9 38.5 40.2 46.8

Europe 120.0 136.9 144.3 159.0 166.2 168.9 184.2 178.4 160.2 168.5 188.6

European Union (25) 109.6 125.9 130.5 144.6 152.7 155.0 168.1 162.6 147.0 154.4 172.9

Other Europe 10.4 11.1 13.8 14.5 13.4 13.9 16.1 15.8 13.1 14.2 15.7

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.4 3.5 4.8 4.7 4.6 2.8 3.3 3.8 3.8 3.7 4.8

Russian Federation 2.6 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.4 3.0

Other 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.9

Africa 9.2 9.9 10.6 11.4 11.2 9.9 11.0 12.4 10.7 10.7 13.5

South Africa 2.2 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.5 2.8 3.2

Other Africa 7.0 7.1 7.4 8.3 7.5 6.8 7.9 9.4 8.1 7.9 10.3

Middle East 16.0 17.4 19.9 20.9 23.6 20.9 19.0 19.3 18.9 19.4 23.5

Asia 156.6 192.3 201.1 207.2 178.2 184.0 215.3 193.5 189.7 202.5 226.3

China 9.3 11.7 12.0 12.8 14.3 13.1 16.3 19.2 22.1 28.4 34.7

Japan 53.5 64.3 67.5 65.7 57.9 57.5 65.3 57.6 51.4 52.1 54.4

Six East Asian traders 71.4 89.5 91.4 96.5 77.5 85.0 102.4 87.5 85.0 88.5 100.7

Other Asia 22.4 26.8 30.3 32.3 28.6 28.4 31.4 29.1 31.2 33.6 36.4

Imports

World 689.0 770.8 817.6 898.0 944.4 1059.2 1258.1 1180.1 1202.3 1305.1 1525.3

North America 182.3 211.0 233.8 258.5 274.0 312.5 370.2 352.9 350.1 367.3 417.6

Canada 131.9 148.3 159.7 171.4 177.9 201.5 232.7 220.2 213.9 227.6 259.8

Mexico 50.3 62.7 74.1 87.1 96.1 111.1 137.4 132.8 136.1 139.7 157.8

Brazil 9.3 9.4 9.3 10.1 10.6 11.9 14.6 15.3 16.7 19.0 22.7

Europe 137.8 153.2 165.1 182.1 202.5 224.5 255.2 253.1 260.3 282.6 317.4

European Union (25) 126.1 139.3 150.2 166.1 186.4 206.1 233.9 232.9 238.9 260.1 290.9

Other Europe 11.8 14.0 14.9 16.0 16.1 18.4 21.3 20.2 21.3 22.5 26.5

Other 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.3 2.3

Africa 15.1 16.2 19.5 21.1 17.0 18.0 29.1 26.8 23.3 33.9 48.3

South Africa 2.2 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.7 2.8 4.4 4.6 4.2 4.8 6.2

Other Africa 12.9 13.4 16.3 18.0 13.3 15.2 24.7 22.2 19.1 29.1 42.2

Middle East 16.8 17.4 19.2 21.6 20.3 26.8 40.8 38.7 35.8 44.0 54.2

Asia 291.8 322.5 323.4 352.4 369.6 408.5 475.5 428.7 450.7 483.0 567.6

China 41.3 48.5 54.4 65.8 75.1 87.8 107.6 109.4 133.5 163.3 210.5

Japan 122.5 127.2 118.0 124.3 125.1 134.9 150.6 129.7 124.6 121.2 133.3

Other Asia 28.6 32.3 35.7 42.2 47.2 49.8 58.0 54.4 56.8 60.1 66.7

Table A12

Merchandise trade by region and economy, 2000-04 - European Union (25)

(Billion dollars, percentage change)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 2437.4 2451.8 2617.9 3123.9 3714.2 11 1 7 19 19

North America 250.8 252.4 268.1 295.5 335.5 8 1 6 10 14

United States 217.1 216.8 230.7 253.7 288.5 7 0 6 10 14

Other North America 33.7 35.5 37.4 41.8 47.1 9 5 5 12 13

South and Central America 43.0 41.9 38.3 39.5 47.3 2 -3 -9 3 20

Brazil 15.2 16.2 14.6 13.7 17.3 3 7 -10 -6 26

Other South and Central America 27.8 25.7 23.7 25.7 30.0 2 -8 -8 8 17

Europe 1791.3 1791.3 1917.7 2315.0 2747.5 11 0 7 21 19

European Union (25) 1645.1 1649.5 1763.5 2125.0 2510.4 11 0 7 20 18

Other Europe 146.1 141.7 154.2 190.0 237.1 13 -3 9 23 25

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 29.9 39.1 45.2 59.2 80.8 28 31 15 31 36

Russian Federation 20.3 27.5 31.8 41.2 56.0 29 35 16 29 36

Other CIS 9.6 11.6 13.3 18.0 24.7 27 21 15 35 37

Africa 60.2 61.9 64.3 77.6 91.9 11 3 4 21 18

South Africa 10.7 11.0 11.5 15.0 19.4 16 3 4 31 29

Other Africa 49.5 50.9 52.9 62.6 72.4 10 3 4 18 16

Middle East 54.0 57.8 62.2 75.3 92.0 14 7 7 21 22

Asia 183.6 182.0 192.9 231.0 282.6 11 -1 6 20 22

China 23.2 26.7 31.9 45.2 58.6 26 15 19 41 30

Japan 41.1 39.8 40.3 45.4 52.6 6 -3 1 13 16

Six East Asian traders 72.7 72.2 72.6 82.4 86.8 5 -1 1 14 5

Other Asia 119.3 115.5 120.7 140.4 171.4 9 -3 4 16 22

Imports

World 2560.2 2525.8 2647.0 3179.4 3791.0 10 -1 5 20 19

North America 212.5 204.1 192.8 202.9 224.9 1 -4 -6 5 11

United States 187.8 179.7 170.4 176.6 195.0 1 -4 -5 4 10

Other North America 24.8 24.4 22.4 26.2 29.9 5 -1 -8 17 14

South and Central America 43.5 42.4 45.6 54.4 67.5 12 -3 8 19 24

Brazil 16.9 17.2 17.0 21.2 26.2 12 2 -1 25 24

Other South and Central America 26.6 25.2 28.6 33.2 41.3 12 -5 13 16 24

Europe 1773.1 1778.5 1898.6 2289.0 2723.5 11 0 7 21 19

European Union (25) 1640.3 1644.8 1756.1 2115.1 2510.4 11 0 7 20 19

Other Europe 132.8 133.8 142.6 173.8 213.1 13 1 7 22 23

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 59.7 59.7 64.5 82.8 112.4 17 0 8 28 36

Russian Federation 48.9 48.1 50.6 66.4 88.1 16 -2 5 31 33

Other CIS 10.8 11.6 13.8 16.4 24.3 22 7 20 19 48

Africa 74.3 74.4 72.5 89.4 103.1 9 0 -3 23 15

South Africa 13.3 14.2 14.2 16.7 19.4 10 7 0 18 16

Other Africa 61.0 60.2 58.2 72.6 83.7 8 -1 -3 25 15

Middle East 47.9 40.3 38.2 45.2 59.4 6 -16 -5 18 31

Asia 309.2 288.3 304.7 380.8 463.0 11 -7 6 25 22

China 68.3 72.7 84.6 119.0 157.8 23 6 16 41 33

Japan 84.4 72.1 69.1 81.2 91.7 2 -15 -4 18 13

Six East Asian traders 114.1 102.3 101.2 124.5 110.5 -1 -10 -1 23 -11

Other Asia 156.5 143.5 151.1 180.6 213.5 8 -8 5 20 18

esTable A13

Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 397.0 443.1 410.9 421.0 387.9 419.4 479.2 403.5 416.7 471.8 565.8

North America 124.7 127.9 118.1 124.6 126.2 136.8 156.9 133.4 131.5 128.6 142.5

United States 118.7 122.0 113.0 118.4 119.8 129.8 144.0 122.6 120.4 117.5 128.7

Other North America 5.9 5.9 5.1 6.2 6.4 7.0 12.9 10.9 11.1 11.1 13.8

Brazil 1.9 2.6 2.2 2.9 2.6 2.0 2.5 2.5 1.8 1.9 2.3

Europe 65.8 74.9 67.6 71.3 77.2 79.5 85.4 70.2 67.2 80.0 94.8

European Union (25) 62.2 71.6 64.2 67.2 73.3 76.5 80.5 66.7 63.9 75.6 89.2

Other Europe 4.6 4.6 4.6 5.7 5.8 3.1 4.9 3.5 3.2 4.4 5.6

Other CIS 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7

Africa 5.2 4.8 5.6 4.9 4.9 5.3 4.2 3.7 3.9 4.8 6.6

South Africa 2.1 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.9

Other Africa 3.1 2.4 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.7 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.7

Middle East 9.9 8.7 9.7 10.4 12.4 9.8 9.7 10.5 11.4 12.9 14.5

Asia 168.7 203.3 190.8 187.0 144.3 166.0 207.5 171.8 189.7 231.3 288.9

China 18.7 22.0 21.9 21.7 20.1 23.3 42.5 42.3 52.5 72.9 92.9

Other Asia 29.5 33.9 34.0 35.0 27.2 30.3 22.8 19.1 18.6 20.4 23.5

Imports

World 274.7 336.1 349.2 338.8 280.6 310.0 379.5 349.1 337.2 382.9 454.5

North America 72.2 86.7 89.9 85.8 75.2 75.4 83.6 73.5 67.7 69.2 74.2

United States 63.3 75.9 79.8 76.0 67.5 67.5 72.5 63.7 58.7 59.9 63.6

Brazil 3.2 3.9 3.8 3.7 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.7

Europe 43.3 54.6 54.6 50.2 43.6 47.9 52.6 50.2 49.6 55.7 64.5

European Union (25) 39.2 49.3 49.9 45.6 39.6 43.3 47.6 45.5 44.7 50.0 57.8

Other Europe 4.1 5.2 4.8 4.6 3.9 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.8 5.7 6.7

Other CIS 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5

Africa 4.0 4.6 5.0 4.8 3.9 4.1 4.9 4.5 5.7 6.4 8.7

South Africa 2.2 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.3 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.6 4.6

Other Africa 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.8 2.9 4.1

Middle East 27.8 31.6 35.2 38.3 25.5 30.3 49.2 44.3 40.7 51.2 62.7

Asia 114.2 141.7 148.7 143.5 119.8 138.3 176.0 165.2 163.1 188.1 227.8

China 27.5 36.0 40.4 41.9 37.1 42.9 55.1 57.9 61.8 75.4 94.3

Other Asia 39.2 43.8 45.4 45.4 37.1 39.7 49.4 45.9 44.2 49.2 58.7

Table A14

Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - China

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Export

World 121.0 148.8 151.0 182.8 183.8 194.9 249.2 266.1 325.6 438.2 593.3

North America 23.1 26.5 28.5 35.1 40.8 45.2 56.7 59.5 77.2 101.6 138.4

United States 21.5 24.7 26.7 32.7 38.0 42.0 52.2 54.4 70.1 92.6 125.1

Brazil 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.1 3.7

Europe 17.1 21.5 22.4 27.2 31.8 34.0 43.6 46.6 55.5 83.3 114.7

European Union (25) 16.3 20.2 20.9 25.2 29.8 32.1 40.8 44.2 52.5 78.4 107.3

Other Europe 0.9 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.4 3.0 4.9 7.4

CIS 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.2 3.2 3.5 5.1 9.3 13.8

Other CIS 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.6 3.3 4.7

Africa 1.7 2.5 2.5 3.2 4.0 4.1 5.0 6.0 6.9 10.1 13.7

South Africa 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.0 3.0

Other Africa 1.4 1.8 1.8 2.4 3.1 3.2 4.0 4.9 5.6 8.1 10.8

Middle East 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.6 4.1 4.6 6.2 7.1 9.5 13.3 16.9

Asia 72.4 90.5 89.7 107.1 96.1 100.4 128.8 137.1 164.8 212.3 282.7

Japan 21.6 28.5 30.9 31.8 29.7 32.4 41.7 44.9 48.4 59.4 73.5

Other Asia 6.9 9.7 9.3 11.3 10.8 11.7 15.7 16.8 20.9 28.6 40.4

Import

World 115.6 132.1 138.8 142.4 140.2 165.7 225.1 243.6 295.2 412.8 561.2

North America 15.8 19.0 19.0 18.5 19.3 22.0 26.6 31.0 32.0 40.0 54.2

United States 13.9 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.9 19.5 22.4 26.2 27.3 33.9 44.7

Brazil 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.6 2.3 3.0 5.8 8.7

Europe 20.9 23.1 21.5 20.7 22.0 27.4 33.5 39.0 43.1 59.1 76.2

European Union (25) 18.9 21.5 20.1 19.3 20.9 25.8 31.2 36.3 39.4 54.4 70.1

Other Europe 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.6 2.4 2.7 3.7 4.7 6.1

CIS 4.6 4.9 6.2 5.1 4.3 5.3 7.4 9.6 10.6 13.1 16.2

Other CIS 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.1 1.6 1.7 2.2 3.4 4.1

Africa 0.9 1.4 1.5 2.5 1.5 2.4 5.6 4.8 5.4 8.4 15.6

South Africa 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.8 3.0

Other Africa 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.7 0.8 1.5 4.5 3.6 4.2 6.5 12.7

Middle East 1.2 2.1 3.0 3.8 3.2 3.6 10.0 9.2 9.5 14.4 21.6

Asia 68.2 76.6 81.9 85.3 84.0 98.1 129.9 135.3 172.4 239.4 319.0

Japan 26.3 29.0 29.2 29.0 28.3 33.8 41.5 42.8 53.5 74.1 94.3

Other Asia 6.0 6.8 8.5 8.9 8.1 10.3 15.4 16.3 19.6 28.4 42.2

esTable A15

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Canada

(Billion dollars)

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 21.96 11.64 0.66 1.60 3.23 2.20 0.06 0.08 0.57 0.31 0.24 0.05 6.97 2.082004 26.25 12.32 0.90 1.72 3.32 2.38 0.07 0.10 0.54 0.36 0.23 0.06 8.79 2.39

Food 2003 13.35 9.19 0.61 1.39 1.65 1.99 0.06 0.07 0.51 0.30 0.19 0.05 3.54 1.74 2004 15.00 9.69 0.84 1.49 1.70 2.14 0.07 0.08 0.49 0.34 0.18 0.05 4.66 1.93

Fish 2003 2.17 0.61 0.02 0.10 0.38 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.70 0.522004 2.19 0.64 0.03 0.10 0.42 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.61

Other food products 2003 11.18 8.59 0.59 1.29 1.28 1.91 0.06 0.03 0.51 0.29 0.19 0.04 2.85 1.222004 12.81 9.05 0.81 1.39 1.28 2.07 0.05 0.05 0.48 0.33 0.17 0.05 3.86 1.32

Raw materials 2003 8.61 2.45 0.05 0.20 1.58 0.21 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.05 0.00 3.43 0.34 2004 11.25 2.63 0.06 0.23 1.61 0.23 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.00 4.14 0.46Fuels and mining products 2003 50.78 8.03 0.23 1.52 2.52 6.08 0.00 0.40 0.08 2.55 0.04 1.53 2.36 0.75

2004 62.07 10.24 0.23 2.51 3.37 7.55 0.01 0.76 0.06 2.96 0.02 1.79 3.31 1.16Ores and other minerals 2003 1.56 1.58 0.08 0.69 1.41 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.93 0.52

2004 2.15 1.77 0.08 0.90 1.89 0.19 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.01 1.18 0.67Fuels 2003 42.68 4.47 0.13 0.61 0.43 5.69 0.00 0.35 0.03 2.41 0.02 1.52 0.61 0.06

2004 51.22 5.87 0.11 1.06 0.78 7.01 0.00 0.70 0.03 2.79 0.00 1.77 0.65 0.15Non-ferrous metals 2003 6.54 1.98 0.02 0.22 0.69 0.24 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.82 0.17

2004 8.69 2.61 0.04 0.55 0.70 0.35 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.00 1.49 0.34Manufactures 2003 146.48 131.45 1.49 1.58 8.86 24.51 0.27 0.20 0.51 0.27 0.70 0.52 6.48 35.72 2004 165.46 144.43 1.93 1.97 10.99 27.61 0.38 0.41 0.67 0.47 1.06 0.67 7.74 43.26

Iron and steel 2003 3.18 2.85 0.03 0.37 0.08 0.87 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.11 0.58 2004 4.43 4.31 0.03 0.50 0.07 1.26 0.00 0.20 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.12 1.04

Chemicals 2003 14.21 17.23 0.32 0.16 1.06 5.79 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.13 1.42 1.14 2004 17.58 19.34 0.41 0.20 1.35 6.77 0.03 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.20 2.17 1.53

Pharmaceuticals 2003 1.89 2.89 0.03 0.01 0.27 3.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.10 0.202004 2.27 3.03 0.05 0.01 0.50 3.61 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.11 0.23

Other chemicals 2003 12.32 14.34 0.29 0.15 0.79 2.76 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.10 1.32 0.942004 15.31 16.31 0.37 0.19 0.86 3.15 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.08 0.04 0.15 2.06 1.30

Other semi-manufactures 2003 23.15 13.46 0.39 0.23 1.93 2.26 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.08 0.09 0.68 2.712004 26.79 14.38 0.52 0.28 2.18 2.54 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.04 0.14 0.11 0.74 3.33

Machinery and transport 2003 87.90 80.03 0.61 0.49 4.76 11.90 0.20 0.01 0.30 0.05 0.45 0.17 3.55 20.39equipment 2004 97.38 86.97 0.78 0.58 5.80 12.92 0.27 0.02 0.41 0.09 0.71 0.19 3.84 24.66

Office and telecom 2003 7.14 9.34 0.12 0.08 1.21 1.28 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.08 1.15 9.50equipment 2004 8.27 10.53 0.20 0.10 1.66 1.42 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.10 0.10 1.20 11.87

EDP and office 2003 2.35 4.40 0.06 0.01 0.45 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.28 4.53equipment 2004 2.67 4.60 0.09 0.01 0.46 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.28 5.52Telecommunications 2003 3.45 3.76 0.06 0.03 0.58 0.51 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.61 3.73equipment 2004 4.11 4.39 0.10 0.02 0.95 0.56 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.07 0.08 0.61 4.68Integrated circuits 2003 1.33 1.17 0.00 0.05 0.18 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.26 1.24

2004 1.50 1.55 0.00 0.07 0.26 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.31 1.67Transport equipment 2003 64.37 47.19 0.12 0.25 1.77 4.23 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.15 0.02 1.17 6.11

2004 70.49 50.89 0.15 0.25 1.93 4.60 0.06 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.24 0.01 1.19 7.01Automotive products 2003 55.45 41.06 0.10 0.23 0.44 2.32 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.84 5.29

2004 62.26 43.82 0.11 0.22 0.50 2.83 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.62 5.79Other transport 2003 8.91 6.13 0.02 0.02 1.33 1.90 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.33 0.81equipment 2004 8.22 7.08 0.04 0.02 1.43 1.77 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.57 1.22

Other machinery 2003 16.40 23.50 0.37 0.16 1.78 6.40 0.12 0.00 0.17 0.02 0.22 0.07 1.23 4.782004 18.62 25.55 0.44 0.24 2.21 6.90 0.18 0.01 0.23 0.06 0.37 0.09 1.44 5.78

Power generating 2003 2.40 2.72 0.05 0.02 0.54 0.85 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.13 0.34machinery 2004 2.67 2.94 0.06 0.03 0.69 1.20 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.15 0.30Non-electrical 2003 10.01 14.08 0.27 0.08 0.98 4.57 0.11 0.00 0.13 0.02 0.16 0.03 0.78 2.53machinery 2004 11.36 15.24 0.31 0.12 1.15 4.62 0.16 0.00 0.16 0.03 0.23 0.04 0.95 3.04Electrical machinery 2003 3.99 6.70 0.05 0.06 0.27 0.98 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.32 1.90

2004 4.59 7.37 0.07 0.09 0.37 1.07 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.34 2.44Textiles 2003 2.06 2.34 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.44 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.96

2004 2.19 2.44 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.49 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.09 1.05Clothing 2003 1.85 0.67 0.00 0.14 0.08 0.41 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.02 3.18

2004 1.84 0.75 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.46 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.03 3.72Other manufactures 2003 14.14 14.88 0.11 0.14 0.88 2.84 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.09 0.06 0.61 6.77

2004 15.26 16.24 0.14 0.18 1.39 3.18 0.04 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.11 0.08 0.75 7.92Personal and house- 2003 5.01 2.18 0.02 0.08 0.05 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 1.94hold goods 2004 5.49 2.58 0.02 0.11 0.05 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.04 2.42Scientific and controlling 2003 1.64 4.29 0.04 0.02 0.39 0.90 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.29 0.60instruments 2004 1.87 4.82 0.06 0.02 0.50 1.05 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.02 0.40 0.84Miscellaneous 2003 7.49 8.42 0.05 0.04 0.44 1.33 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.29 4.23manufactures 2004 7.91 8.84 0.06 0.04 0.84 1.48 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.31 4.66

Total merchandise a 2003 235.01 154.43 2.45 4.90 15.66 33.30 0.35 0.69 1.19 3.13 1.14 2.11 16.28 38.722004 270.21 171.08 3.14 6.90 19.49 38.13 0.46 1.28 1.30 3.83 1.59 2.53 20.26 46.94

Africa Middle East Asia North America America Europe CIS

South & Central

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Canada

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 12.82 8.80 1.50 1.84 0.41 0.33 2.00 0.04 0.52 0.40 0.12 0.03 19.93 14.742004 14.09 9.25 1.54 1.99 1.10 0.43 2.28 0.04 0.90 0.44 0.20 0.04 22.94 15.76

Fish 2003 2.17 0.60 0.34 0.03 0.18 0.14 0.35 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.28 1.362004 2.19 0.64 0.37 0.03 0.23 0.20 0.38 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.47 1.47

2004 2.11 1.72 1.04 0.18 0.38 0.04 0.40 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.19 0.00 5.34 3.67Fuels 2003 42.65 4.17 0.34 2.82 0.05 0.03 0.34 0.01 0.03 0.30 0.15 0.00 43.88 15.12

2004 8.59 2.59 0.59 0.32 0.25 0.23 0.59 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.17 0.03 10.93 3.97Manufactures 2003 145.57 123.53 8.35 23.01 1.82 12.71 1.27 9.78 0.88 7.92 0.45 3.52 164.79 196.15

2004 164.30 134.93 10.22 25.71 2.20 17.60 1.26 10.18 1.11 9.49 0.56 4.33 188.22 220.69Iron and steel 2003 3.11 2.78 0.08 0.78 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.18 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.13 3.42 4.80

2004 4.36 4.19 0.06 1.07 0.03 0.37 0.01 0.19 0.06 0.11 0.01 0.18 4.67 7.54Chemicals 2003 14.11 17.06 0.98 5.40 0.57 0.29 0.21 0.25 0.09 0.16 0.17 0.10 17.12 24.59

2004 17.43 19.15 1.15 6.15 1.03 0.49 0.23 0.29 0.14 0.19 0.21 0.15 21.68 28.26Pharmaceuticals 2003 1.87 2.86 0.23 2.80 0.01 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 2.34 6.15

2004 2.25 3.00 0.33 3.32 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 2.99 6.94Other chemicals 2003 12.24 14.20 0.74 2.60 0.57 0.23 0.17 0.22 0.08 0.13 0.16 0.10 14.78 18.43

2004 15.18 16.15 0.83 2.82 1.02 0.43 0.20 0.24 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.15 18.69 21.32Other semi-manufactures 2003 23.03 13.13 1.88 2.14 0.06 1.23 0.19 0.47 0.11 0.33 0.03 0.21 26.33 18.94

2004 26.64 13.98 2.10 2.39 0.06 1.60 0.20 0.54 0.13 0.40 0.04 0.24 30.49 20.87Machinery and transport 2003 87.38 74.03 4.47 11.44 1.05 4.75 0.62 8.00 0.52 6.00 0.18 2.67 97.78 114.64equipment 2004 96.70 79.85 5.46 12.49 0.96 7.32 0.56 8.23 0.67 7.13 0.21 3.38 109.19 126.91

Other machinery 2003 16.20 22.09 1.66 6.03 0.26 1.58 0.22 1.92 0.20 1.42 0.07 0.42 20.30 35.252004 18.42 23.70 2.01 6.56 0.32 2.19 0.17 2.04 0.20 1.85 0.08 0.53 23.49 39.01

2004 4.54 6.06 0.34 0.99 0.07 1.37 0.04 0.49 0.04 1.31 0.02 0.15 5.46 11.10Textiles 2003 2.03 2.22 0.06 0.38 0.01 0.38 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.02 0.11 2.26 3.85

2004 2.17 2.32 0.09 0.42 0.01 0.48 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.10 2.43 4.11Clothing 2003 1.85 0.45 0.07 0.30 0.00 1.45 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 1.97 4.50

a Includes unspecified products.

b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: Imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Mexico Korea, Republic of World bUnited States EU (25) China Japan

esTable A16

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - United States

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 17.45 20.00 4.43 11.18 7.87 13.74 0.76 0.36 2.50 1.26 1.93 0.30 23.38 13.922004 18.50 22.19 4.75 11.98 8.03 14.68 1.13 0.34 2.93 1.29 2.16 0.31 22.00 15.95

Fish 2003 0.82 2.56 0.04 2.53 0.63 0.55 0.02 0.26 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.05 1.73 5.542004 0.86 2.59 0.05 2.50 0.86 0.54 0.04 0.23 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.05 1.88 5.88

Raw materials 2003 4.64 8.94 1.11 2.43 3.78 1.79 0.02 0.06 0.18 0.22 0.21 0.05 7.78 3.032004 5.07 11.58 1.31 3.30 4.06 2.30 0.04 0.09 0.22 0.30 0.25 0.05 8.91 3.76

Fuels and mining product 2003 12.36 67.35 3.56 33.27 4.63 19.38 0.03 6.02 0.31 26.44 0.41 27.26 6.90 5.742004 15.94 82.54 4.11 46.13 6.82 26.25 0.05 8.66 0.38 39.43 0.50 35.38 9.73 8.67

Ores and other minerals 2003 2.04 2.03 0.20 1.03 1.65 0.59 0.01 0.07 0.04 0.49 0.06 0.03 3.37 0.852004 2.38 2.73 0.24 1.30 2.29 1.07 0.03 0.11 0.08 0.54 0.06 0.03 4.64 1.03

Fuels 2003 6.97 58.01 3.19 30.23 1.35 15.98 0.01 3.88 0.25 24.46 0.20 27.06 2.09 3.642004 8.93 70.07 3.65 41.89 2.67 21.27 0.01 5.65 0.28 36.75 0.21 35.14 3.17 5.61

Non-ferrous metals 2003 3.34 7.32 0.17 2.01 1.63 2.82 0.00 2.07 0.02 1.49 0.15 0.17 1.45 1.252004 4.63 9.75 0.23 2.93 1.86 3.91 0.01 2.90 0.02 2.14 0.22 0.21 1.92 2.03

Manufactures 2003 223.42 249.38 39.78 33.26 141.88 233.40 2.66 3.85 7.09 5.58 15.52 15.32 158.81 449.122004 250.03 278.45 47.53 39.20 160.33 259.27 3.45 5.65 9.13 6.94 19.04 17.39 179.15 526.98

Iron and steel 2003 4.39 4.36 0.28 1.95 0.83 3.58 0.02 0.52 0.14 0.48 0.12 0.03 1.00 2.942004 6.23 6.68 0.43 4.07 0.78 7.17 0.03 2.32 0.12 1.15 0.14 0.09 0.99 6.65

Chemicals 2003 27.83 16.06 8.08 3.34 30.76 61.06 0.40 1.73 0.90 0.61 1.23 2.35 24.94 18.692004 32.31 20.00 10.22 4.38 37.09 66.80 0.35 1.76 1.15 0.62 1.55 2.62 30.20 19.92

Other chemicals 2003 24.50 13.93 7.29 3.30 18.62 35.86 0.36 1.73 0.77 0.61 1.01 1.58 22.39 15.102004 28.80 17.40 9.29 4.31 20.84 38.58 0.31 1.76 0.97 0.61 1.28 1.71 27.39 16.35

Other machinery 2003 43.91 38.49 8.67 2.38 29.75 44.60 1.02 0.07 2.31 0.24 3.92 1.26 29.33 51.232004 48.94 42.79 10.48 3.04 32.94 51.42 1.20 0.08 3.14 0.25 4.91 1.20 38.83 63.28

2004 18.71 20.78 2.23 1.15 8.37 11.41 0.10 0.02 0.24 0.04 0.93 0.65 10.62 29.15Textiles 2003 5.59 3.53 2.68 0.58 1.08 3.57 0.03 0.07 0.06 0.20 0.12 0.50 1.32 9.80

2004 6.10 3.74 3.10 0.66 1.12 4.00 0.04 0.08 0.07 0.20 0.14 0.57 1.43 11.42Clothing 2003 2.41 9.01 2.25 11.26 0.34 4.57 0.00 0.77 0.01 2.14 0.05 1.78 0.48 41.74

North America America Middle East

South & CentralAsiaEurope CIS Africa

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - United States

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 6.87 12.72 10.29 12.65 7.10 7.35 3.76 2.25 10.66 0.48 2.69 0.27 58.51 60.762004 7.10 13.58 10.81 13.83 7.63 8.36 3.72 2.67 9.97 0.50 2.28 0.30 59.71 66.73

Fish 2003 0.60 0.22 0.73 2.14 0.09 0.41 0.19 1.21 1.00 0.17 0.38 0.07 3.28 11.592004 0.81 0.23 0.77 2.14 0.08 0.45 0.27 1.32 1.08 0.15 0.34 0.07 3.72 11.88

Raw materials 2003 3.21 1.73 2.72 8.54 1.92 0.41 2.42 0.59 1.50 0.19 1.12 0.22 17.74 16.512004 3.41 2.24 2.91 11.12 2.16 0.46 3.49 0.80 1.49 0.21 1.09 0.24 19.85 21.38

Fuels and mining product 2003 4.21 14.99 7.84 50.09 4.50 17.26 2.06 1.08 1.48 0.68 1.17 0.56 28.20 185.462004 6.07 20.72 10.24 60.38 5.69 22.16 2.85 2.08 1.97 0.91 1.68 1.01 37.53 247.05

Fuels 2003 1.19 12.06 4.07 42.02 2.88 15.99 0.13 0.50 0.59 0.27 0.32 0.43 14.05 163.252004 2.33 16.38 5.60 49.71 3.32 20.36 0.22 1.12 0.91 0.36 0.45 0.84 18.92 216.38

Manufactures 2003 133.07 217.64 142.92 140.69 80.22 108.69 19.91 157.47 36.74 116.25 18.53 36.54 589.17 989.922004 149.98 240.76 158.35 158.26 91.34 120.19 24.31 202.54 39.06 127.92 20.60 45.37 668.67 1133.89

Iron and steel 2003 0.77 3.02 3.13 2.97 1.26 1.39 0.45 0.53 0.09 0.89 0.07 0.56 6.77 13.862004 0.70 5.43 4.69 4.08 1.53 2.60 0.27 1.76 0.11 1.21 0.10 1.12 8.71 28.12

Chemicals 2003 28.68 57.63 17.89 13.83 9.91 2.22 3.62 3.28 6.80 8.24 3.40 0.98 94.14 103.852004 34.48 63.15 20.05 17.08 12.23 2.93 4.73 4.08 7.70 8.59 4.60 1.28 112.86 116.10

Other chemicals 2003 17.71 34.15 15.14 11.97 9.35 1.96 3.47 2.82 5.60 5.83 3.23 0.96 74.94 72.112004 19.72 36.63 17.19 14.95 11.60 2.46 4.61 3.53 6.37 6.34 4.41 1.26 88.88 80.73

Other machinery 2003 28.23 41.81 26.22 15.11 17.66 23.37 4.66 17.64 5.97 19.57 3.78 3.73 118.91 138.272004 31.01 48.27 28.99 16.95 19.92 25.83 6.73 22.75 7.42 23.86 4.30 4.55 140.45 162.07

2004 8.01 10.65 8.27 4.24 10.43 16.54 1.65 14.50 2.31 6.19 1.05 2.03 41.20 63.20Textiles 2003 1.04 2.88 2.43 1.95 3.15 1.58 0.25 3.62 0.23 0.53 0.14 1.01 10.89 18.25

2004 1.08 3.18 2.57 2.04 3.52 1.69 0.29 4.60 0.25 0.60 0.14 1.02 11.99 20.66Clothing 2003 0.32 2.86 0.75 1.76 1.65 7.26 0.02 12.02 0.28 0.26 0.04 2.04 5.54 71.28

b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Japan Korea, Republic of World bEU (25) Canada Mexico China

esTable A17

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Brazil

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 1.89 0.32 1.02 2.50 9.12 0.54 1.55 0.01 1.27 0.06 1.96 0.01 4.07 0.19 2004 2.25 0.17 1.40 2.28 11.19 0.58 1.80 0.00 2.01 0.03 2.57 0.01 5.73 0.21

Fish 2003 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.18 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.012004 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.21 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01

2004 0.49 0.16 0.48 0.76 2.30 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.24 0.09 0.20 0.05 2.49 0.02Fuels 2003 1.62 0.44 0.84 1.90 0.54 0.62 0.00 0.02 0.12 2.85 0.16 1.22 0.53 0.97

2004 0.82 0.13 0.28 0.75 0.70 0.29 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.53 0.09Manufactures 2003 15.14 10.24 9.43 3.00 6.56 13.41 0.10 0.59 1.22 0.37 0.49 0.34 4.25 8.40 2004 19.11 12.06 14.68 3.85 9.81 15.93 0.16 1.21 1.77 0.51 0.58 0.53 4.46 11.82

Iron and steel 2003 1.43 0.08 0.72 0.11 0.72 0.29 0.01 0.01 0.13 0.03 0.07 0.00 1.91 0.07 2004 2.91 0.11 1.25 0.10 0.97 0.37 0.01 0.05 0.24 0.04 0.05 0.00 1.66 0.10

Chemicals 2003 0.85 3.40 1.88 1.22 0.93 4.08 0.02 0.57 0.16 0.28 0.05 0.27 0.50 1.05 2004 1.11 4.40 2.52 1.62 1.09 5.05 0.04 1.14 0.23 0.39 0.07 0.43 0.69 1.40

Other chemicals 2003 0.80 2.92 1.68 1.13 0.89 2.95 0.02 0.57 0.16 0.28 0.05 0.26 0.49 0.872004 1.03 3.84 2.30 1.51 1.02 3.79 0.04 1.14 0.22 0.38 0.07 0.42 0.68 1.15

Other machinery 2003 1.80 2.99 1.68 0.21 0.99 3.92 0.02 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.36 1.922004 2.40 2.94 2.72 0.22 1.36 4.49 0.03 0.01 0.31 0.01 0.11 0.03 0.45 2.47

2004 0.36 0.66 0.62 0.05 0.21 0.98 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.09 1.29Textiles 2003 0.38 0.11 0.48 0.11 0.18 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.43

2004 0.43 0.13 0.58 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.62Clothing 2003 0.17 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11

2004 1.98 1.01 0.87 0.20 0.93 1.19 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.11 1.12Personal and 2003 1.40 0.03 0.28 0.01 0.52 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.09household goods 2004 1.59 0.05 0.42 0.01 0.71 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.13Scientific and 2003 0.10 0.49 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.33controlling instruments 2004 0.12 0.60 0.11 0.05 0.06 0.63 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.50Miscellaneous 2003 0.21 0.33 0.27 0.12 0.13 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.34manufactures 2004 0.27 0.35 0.35 0.14 0.15 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.49

South & Central

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Brazil

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 8.54 0.45 1.58 0.25 0.25 1.61 1.67 0.03 0.76 0.00 0.09 0.01 20.88 3.63 2004 10.29 0.45 1.80 0.14 0.26 1.61 2.30 0.03 1.02 0.00 0.21 0.01 26.94 3.29

Fish 2003 0.18 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.222004 0.21 0.02 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.27

2004 1.93 0.07 0.27 0.07 0.31 0.07 1.27 0.01 0.56 0.00 0.07 0.01 6.22 1.19Fuels 2003 0.54 0.45 1.62 0.34 0.02 0.94 0.02 0.35 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 3.80 8.01

2004 0.61 0.28 0.79 0.11 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.47 0.01 0.02 0.00 2.42 1.39Manufactures 2003 6.23 12.27 11.96 9.12 3.88 2.23 1.54 1.92 0.40 2.56 2.55 0.54 37.19 36.64 2004 9.39 14.57 14.73 10.65 6.51 2.91 1.19 3.56 0.47 2.88 3.61 0.70 50.57 46.02

Iron and steel 2003 0.68 0.28 1.08 0.08 0.17 0.09 0.76 0.01 0.13 0.04 0.18 0.00 4.98 0.60 2004 0.95 0.35 2.28 0.10 0.38 0.07 0.42 0.03 0.14 0.03 0.34 0.00 7.09 0.77

Chemicals 2003 0.88 3.60 0.69 2.98 0.92 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.13 0.27 0.13 0.18 4.39 11.04 2004 1.01 4.53 0.90 3.79 1.23 1.15 0.09 0.48 0.17 0.32 0.17 0.25 5.75 14.45

Other chemicals 2003 0.84 2.68 0.68 2.58 0.85 0.79 0.09 0.28 0.13 0.24 0.09 0.12 4.08 9.162004 0.95 3.51 0.87 3.33 1.16 1.08 0.08 0.40 0.17 0.30 0.12 0.18 5.35 12.25

Other machinery 2003 0.93 3.53 1.43 2.82 0.62 0.19 0.11 0.35 0.04 0.92 0.29 0.06 5.16 9.122004 1.26 4.01 1.88 2.79 1.02 0.20 0.14 0.67 0.03 0.94 0.42 0.07 7.37 10.18

Power generating 2003 0.10 0.26 0.20 1.22 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.18 0.04 0.00 0.52 1.85machinery 2004 0.18 0.26 0.21 0.91 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.64 1.41Non-electrical machinery 2003 0.68 2.50 1.02 1.14 0.42 0.15 0.08 0.09 0.03 0.50 0.20 0.03 3.67 4.99

2004 0.88 2.82 1.40 1.29 0.71 0.15 0.11 0.17 0.02 0.63 0.32 0.03 5.37 5.78Electrical machinery 2003 0.15 0.77 0.21 0.46 0.18 0.03 0.02 0.25 0.00 0.23 0.05 0.03 0.97 2.28

2004 0.20 0.92 0.27 0.59 0.27 0.04 0.02 0.47 0.00 0.27 0.06 0.04 1.36 2.99Textiles 2003 0.17 0.14 0.33 0.10 0.24 0.08 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 1.11 0.81

2004 0.16 0.16 0.37 0.12 0.29 0.11 0.00 0.19 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.00 1.24 1.08Clothing 2003 0.05 0.02 0.15 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.15

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: Imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Japan Mexico World bEU (25) United States Argentina China

esTable A18

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - European Union (25)

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 14.51 9.80 2.38 23.63 208.04 208.53 5.76 1.75 7.68 12.58 5.20 1.42 11.15 14.52 2004 15.56 10.22 2.39 27.33 236.01 236.01 6.92 1.76 8.28 13.42 5.35 1.74 12.98 16.65

Fish 2003 0.26 1.00 0.07 2.36 13.14 16.81 0.32 0.46 0.52 3.01 0.05 0.12 0.71 2.852004 0.24 1.20 0.08 2.44 14.64 18.73 0.34 0.43 0.56 3.13 0.05 0.13 0.89 3.13

Raw materials 2003 1.78 5.16 0.24 2.72 39.92 40.16 0.65 2.80 1.21 2.91 0.52 0.51 4.04 5.102004 2.30 5.48 0.28 3.24 45.16 44.33 0.81 3.26 1.44 3.29 0.64 0.57 5.24 6.03

Fuels and mining products 2003 15.66 8.82 1.07 10.09 148.50 181.44 1.10 61.39 3.51 41.93 1.70 27.68 6.06 8.832004 21.85 12.63 1.30 15.58 185.13 224.31 1.40 82.02 5.11 50.72 2.49 37.38 8.46 12.03

Fuels 2003 12.14 3.62 0.57 3.01 94.43 120.99 0.43 54.07 2.59 37.65 0.76 27.05 0.75 3.732004 16.71 5.94 0.66 3.97 113.99 147.45 0.55 71.14 3.95 45.06 1.23 36.56 1.12 5.65

Manufactures 2003 260.27 175.59 35.05 16.26 1866.14 1812.29 51.30 14.77 64.60 28.71 67.12 15.00 206.60 347.902004 292.91 193.01 42.50 19.98 2187.28 2124.01 71.10 21.01 76.40 33.11 82.74 19.40 253.12 425.67

Iron and steel 2003 4.21 1.05 0.87 1.74 68.31 68.16 0.84 3.79 2.12 1.46 2.49 0.15 5.30 2.362004 6.97 0.95 1.14 2.21 96.73 95.77 1.23 7.49 2.70 2.63 3.24 0.42 6.47 4.20

Chemicals 2003 59.42 34.84 7.27 1.96 330.03 325.04 8.37 3.91 9.59 2.06 8.89 3.47 33.53 19.522004 65.94 41.28 8.81 2.07 396.21 388.73 11.24 5.02 11.42 2.34 10.41 4.58 41.75 23.62

Other chemicals 2003 34.48 19.51 5.07 1.85 229.42 221.75 6.21 3.89 6.25 2.01 6.18 2.98 23.88 16.432004 37.12 22.58 6.34 1.94 274.41 266.10 8.27 5.01 7.48 2.28 7.40 3.97 30.32 19.92

Other machinery 2003 53.71 38.21 8.44 1.33 306.29 292.53 12.66 0.95 16.66 3.66 17.90 2.04 55.31 48.162004 62.39 39.70 10.56 1.90 353.70 338.78 18.71 1.12 20.01 4.28 21.83 2.57 70.67 62.57

2004 14.03 9.15 1.95 0.43 116.30 113.63 4.67 0.34 4.75 2.25 4.69 0.77 15.94 33.41Textiles 2003 3.43 1.27 0.42 0.25 50.69 48.70 1.44 0.51 3.89 0.84 0.85 0.69 3.99 9.96

2004 3.93 1.21 0.53 0.24 55.18 52.59 1.72 0.56 4.15 0.99 1.00 0.74 4.50 11.62Clothing 2003 3.32 0.50 0.21 0.33 57.44 65.88 1.86 0.85 1.14 7.18 1.11 0.51 3.28 31.56

Africa Middle East Asia North South & CentralAmerica America Europe CIS

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - European Union (25)

(Billion dollars)

Agricultural products 2003 234.52 70.05 95.65 13.58 11.19 1.55 3.02 5.22 2.11 4.83 2.88 304.57 332.092004 266.11 78.41 107.67 14.96 11.47 2.22 3.65 5.77 2.54 5.88 3.21 344.52 373.78

Food 2003 197.44 58.44 74.10 12.06 7.74 0.61 2.15 4.30 1.70 4.38 0.93 255.88 272.46 2004 224.13 64.23 83.25 12.95 7.84 0.80 2.49 4.73 2.09 5.33 0.85 288.36 307.37

Fish 2003 12.69 2.40 13.95 0.21 0.60 0.14 0.57 0.22 0.00 0.24 0.45 15.09 26.632004 14.15 2.67 15.04 0.20 0.75 0.20 0.73 0.24 0.00 0.26 0.40 16.82 29.18

Other food products 2003 184.75 56.03 60.15 11.84 7.14 0.47 1.58 4.08 1.70 4.14 0.48 240.78 245.832004 209.98 61.56 68.21 12.75 7.10 0.60 1.76 4.50 2.08 5.07 0.45 271.54 278.19

Raw materials 2003 37.08 11.62 21.56 1.52 3.45 0.94 0.88 0.92 0.42 0.44 1.95 48.69 59.622004 41.99 14.18 24.42 2.00 3.63 1.42 1.16 1.04 0.46 0.55 2.36 56.17 66.41

Fuels and mining products 2003 137.10 45.66 215.35 14.05 4.86 1.56 1.84 5.93 3.35 0.65 52.60 182.76 356.022004 170.82 60.79 278.68 19.58 7.03 2.48 3.17 6.49 3.73 0.84 68.18 231.61 449.49

Ores and other minerals 2003 15.69 5.72 17.53 0.57 1.65 0.87 0.52 0.44 0.45 0.10 1.34 21.41 35.002004 22.84 7.89 24.72 1.02 2.13 1.36 0.82 0.59 0.63 0.08 2.80 30.73 47.56

Fuels 2003 86.98 29.48 176.34 11.01 1.67 0.14 0.77 4.15 1.67 0.22 46.81 116.46 265.062004 104.79 38.94 225.28 15.07 3.11 0.13 1.46 4.20 1.65 0.31 59.46 143.73 330.07

Non-ferrous metals 2003 34.43 10.46 21.48 2.47 1.54 0.56 0.55 1.34 1.23 0.32 4.45 44.89 55.962004 43.19 13.97 28.68 3.49 1.78 0.99 0.90 1.70 1.45 0.45 5.92 57.16 71.87

Manufactures 2003 1703.78 857.20 718.37 223.27 157.81 41.63 113.97 67.57 58.18 35.52 9.24 2560.98 2414.312004 1982.99 1031.41 855.99 251.31 173.71 53.45 150.71 78.87 67.60 48.96 12.88 3014.40 2838.98

Iron and steel 2003 63.09 21.24 14.62 2.99 0.86 1.99 0.46 1.75 0.92 0.47 2.25 84.33 78.942004 89.45 29.20 24.34 5.13 0.78 2.13 1.06 2.47 1.22 0.63 4.08 118.65 113.79

Chemicals 2003 300.15 161.23 90.96 52.32 32.65 4.22 4.27 15.31 19.90 5.82 2.99 461.39 391.642004 358.93 190.86 109.32 57.95 38.79 5.50 4.98 18.56 24.47 7.89 3.84 549.79 468.25

Pharmaceuticals 2003 90.44 56.70 29.47 21.51 14.60 0.64 0.85 6.53 9.77 1.53 0.01 147.14 122.482004 108.98 66.53 36.92 24.87 17.93 0.72 0.91 8.07 12.93 2.12 0.01 175.51 145.90

Other chemicals 2003 209.71 104.54 61.49 30.81 18.05 3.58 3.42 8.77 10.13 4.29 2.99 314.24 269.162004 249.95 124.33 72.40 33.07 20.86 4.78 4.07 10.49 11.54 5.76 3.84 374.28 322.35

Other semi-manufactures 2003 192.61 86.86 59.60 16.80 6.88 3.04 8.62 7.54 5.73 4.00 2.21 279.47 251.852004 221.95 104.26 71.56 19.47 7.47 3.65 11.89 9.04 6.63 5.52 2.86 326.21 293.51

Machinery and transport 2003 860.67 447.31 370.44 115.49 92.13 29.00 54.25 26.66 18.03 18.68 1.18 1307.99 1224.21equipment 2004 992.28 541.30 438.78 127.89 98.49 37.62 76.48 29.88 20.03 26.47 1.43 1533.58 1431.06

Office and telecom 2003 195.32 83.01 149.83 16.28 23.50 4.02 35.39 5.60 1.38 5.21 0.07 278.33 335.65equipment 2004 216.28 100.55 180.48 16.95 23.95 5.46 49.99 6.46 1.72 7.55 0.08 316.83 396.75

EDP and office 2003 90.13 27.17 70.16 6.77 12.83 0.71 18.98 3.37 0.54 1.97 0.02 117.31 155.12equipment 2004 98.81 31.01 80.35 7.19 13.52 0.87 26.16 3.61 0.60 2.43 0.02 129.82 179.16Telecommunications 2003 74.73 34.82 48.12 5.23 5.05 2.02 14.77 1.68 0.54 2.83 0.03 109.55 120.68equipment 2004 82.84 44.04 65.82 5.27 5.01 2.63 21.33 2.08 0.79 4.55 0.03 126.88 148.66Integrated circuits 2003 30.45 21.02 31.56 4.29 5.62 1.30 1.64 0.55 0.31 0.40 0.02 51.48 59.86

2004 34.63 25.50 34.30 4.49 5.42 1.96 2.49 0.77 0.34 0.56 0.02 60.13 68.93Transport equipment 2003 390.48 166.16 105.07 54.88 33.59 7.74 2.57 10.05 3.35 4.86 0.50 556.64 501.26

2004 461.78 196.04 121.32 58.96 38.40 8.67 3.27 10.27 3.09 6.24 0.70 657.82 583.09Automotive products 2003 297.38 106.26 43.66 39.56 7.87 5.08 0.36 5.96 0.92 3.65 0.10 403.64 344.23

2004 344.90 125.89 52.54 42.65 8.35 4.52 0.60 6.71 1.11 4.41 0.10 470.79 397.44Other transport 2003 93.11 59.90 61.40 15.31 25.72 2.65 2.21 4.10 2.43 1.21 0.40 153.00 157.03equipment 2004 116.88 70.15 68.78 16.31 30.05 4.15 2.68 3.57 1.98 1.83 0.60 187.03 185.66

Other machinery 2003 274.87 198.14 115.54 44.34 35.03 17.24 16.29 11.00 13.30 8.61 0.61 473.01 387.302004 314.22 244.71 136.99 51.99 36.14 23.50 23.22 13.15 15.21 12.68 0.66 558.94 451.21

Power generating 2003 26.69 28.06 21.77 9.99 13.79 1.37 1.02 1.17 1.18 0.30 0.27 54.76 48.89machinery 2004 29.53 33.26 23.82 10.60 14.08 2.23 1.23 1.43 1.42 0.38 0.23 62.79 53.35Non-electrical 2003 156.81 122.71 48.41 24.08 13.09 12.29 4.11 6.81 8.67 6.09 0.22 279.51 204.32machinery 2004 179.72 153.82 57.99 29.14 13.88 16.98 6.90 8.05 9.84 8.96 0.28 333.54 237.72Electrical machinery 2003 91.37 47.37 45.36 10.27 8.16 3.57 11.16 3.03 3.45 2.22 0.12 138.74 134.09

2004 104.97 57.64 55.17 12.25 8.18 4.29 15.08 3.67 3.95 3.34 0.14 162.61 160.15Textiles 2003 43.72 21.19 18.38 2.83 1.14 0.45 3.04 1.20 1.21 0.67 0.18 64.91 62.24

2004 46.98 24.31 20.99 3.25 1.07 0.58 3.92 1.36 1.22 0.81 0.19 71.29 67.97Clothing 2003 51.25 17.21 57.10 2.75 0.36 0.09 13.15 2.98 0.68 1.45 0.12 68.46 106.87

2004 55.79 19.13 65.86 2.88 0.41 0.12 16.05 3.28 0.74 1.90 0.11 74.92 121.66Other manufactures 2003 192.30 102.14 107.27 30.10 23.79 2.85 30.17 12.14 11.71 4.49 0.30 294.44 298.57

2004 217.62 122.33 125.14 34.74 26.69 3.87 36.34 14.27 13.29 5.81 0.37 339.96 342.74Personal and 2003 49.92 19.86 25.42 5.23 0.55 0.35 8.68 2.83 0.80 1.26 0.10 69.79 74.46household goods 2004 55.42 22.66 31.08 5.63 0.57 0.35 11.43 3.40 0.97 1.65 0.15 78.08 86.50Scientific and 2003 35.67 28.99 23.22 9.44 11.81 1.50 1.23 1.72 2.43 0.85 0.05 64.65 58.61controlling instruments 2004 40.64 36.32 27.10 12.14 13.20 1.95 1.59 2.00 2.87 1.08 0.05 76.96 67.74Miscellaneous 2003 106.70 53.31 58.64 15.43 11.43 0.99 20.26 7.59 8.49 2.32 0.15 160.00 165.51manufactures 2004 121.55 63.37 66.96 16.97 12.92 1.54 23.32 8.88 9.45 3.01 0.16 184.91 188.50

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: The figures are affected by the "INTRASTAT" system of recording trade between EU member States. Unspecified products account for 3.6 per cent of total intra-EU trade, (World) imports. For 2003, only intra.EU(15) importsand intra-EU imports are under-recorded. To compensate for this under-recording, intra-EU exports have been used to obtain totalhave been adjusted. Major trading partners were selected on the basis of 2004 data. See the Technical Notes.

Switzerland Russian Federation World bIntra-EU (25) Extra-EU (25) United States China

esTable A19

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - China

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 2.12 4.04 0.14 4.93 2.03 0.91 0.66 0.71 0.62 0.24 0.53 0.03 13.15 4.09 2004 2.49 6.40 0.16 6.42 2.24 1.02 0.70 0.85 0.51 0.23 0.40 0.03 14.32 6.15

Fish 2003 1.12 0.25 0.00 0.05 0.53 0.27 0.06 0.66 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 3.51 0.59 2004 1.22 0.39 0.01 0.07 0.70 0.34 0.08 0.78 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 4.62 0.72

Other food products 2003 0.99 3.79 0.14 4.88 1.50 0.64 0.60 0.05 0.62 0.21 0.52 0.03 9.64 3.50 2004 1.27 6.01 0.15 6.35 1.54 0.68 0.62 0.07 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.03 9.70 5.43

2004 0.29 3.18 0.02 5.69 0.58 1.64 0.04 0.99 0.03 1.54 0.02 0.44 0.97 13.50Fuels 2003 0.60 0.26 0.54 0.42 0.89 0.41 0.08 2.39 0.11 4.94 0.12 11.34 8.76 9.42

2004 0.71 0.76 0.07 2.11 0.93 1.20 0.11 1.31 0.09 0.63 0.17 0.16 7.20 6.65Manufactures 2003 97.92 29.61 7.69 2.96 78.64 54.61 8.45 6.36 9.18 1.10 12.14 2.59 182.95 207.16 2004 133.31 37.39 11.88 3.11 108.24 69.21 12.80 5.90 12.60 1.47 16.07 3.80 247.31 270.13

Iron and steel 2003 0.63 0.76 0.05 1.03 0.52 2.73 0.04 3.31 0.20 0.43 0.23 0.11 3.15 13.48 2004 2.17 0.55 0.16 0.99 1.49 2.81 0.09 2.75 0.37 0.44 0.39 0.11 9.20 15.43

Chemicals 2003 3.15 6.83 0.79 0.32 4.29 6.81 0.30 1.48 0.56 0.17 0.59 2.05 9.88 30.71 2004 4.01 8.73 1.22 0.36 5.19 8.66 0.48 2.26 0.76 0.24 0.85 2.91 13.85 41.37

Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.65 0.14 0.11 0.02 0.92 1.11 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.99 0.43 2004 0.74 0.18 0.15 0.02 0.98 1.24 0.03 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.08 0.00 1.11 0.45

Other chemicals 2003 2.51 6.69 0.69 0.31 3.37 5.70 0.28 1.48 0.45 0.16 0.53 2.04 8.90 30.28 2004 3.27 8.54 1.06 0.34 4.21 7.42 0.45 2.26 0.62 0.24 0.77 2.91 12.74 40.93

Other machinery 2003 11.80 6.55 0.99 0.15 10.78 22.43 0.82 0.67 1.45 0.04 1.77 0.09 25.93 40.21 2004 15.72 9.27 1.63 0.21 15.58 29.82 1.10 0.19 2.07 0.06 2.70 0.13 35.40 51.96

2004 9.12 2.54 0.74 0.04 8.86 5.34 0.52 0.01 0.88 0.01 1.04 0.09 21.57 20.71Textiles 2003 3.24 0.28 1.00 0.02 3.15 0.58 0.66 0.01 1.85 0.01 2.03 0.01 14.98 11.05

2004 4.08 0.34 1.58 0.01 4.06 0.73 0.96 0.01 2.48 0.01 2.54 0.01 17.73 11.75Clothing 2003 7.97 0.01 1.26 0.00 8.84 0.11 3.39 0.00 1.10 0.00 1.96 0.01 27.55 1.24

Total merchandise a 2003 101.56 40.00 8.44 13.17 83.29 59.13 9.29 13.14 10.13 8.36 13.26 14.43 212.26 239.43 2004 138.41 54.24 13.02 19.53 114.67 76.21 13.82 16.23 13.62 15.65 16.94 21.63 282.69 319.04

Africa Middle East Asia

North South & Central

America America Europe CIS

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - China

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 1.89 0.76 1.82 3.62 5.63 0.22 2.12 0.02 2.38 0.13 0.18 0.06 19.24 14.97 2004 2.12 0.81 2.01 5.08 6.90 0.24 2.47 0.02 1.97 0.18 0.21 0.07 20.82 21.12

Fish 2003 0.52 0.14 1.00 0.13 2.11 0.12 0.36 0.00 0.75 0.04 0.03 0.02 5.24 1.86 2004 0.69 0.16 0.96 0.25 2.74 0.11 0.42 0.00 0.97 0.07 0.06 0.02 6.63 2.34

2004 0.57 1.39 0.27 1.97 0.33 1.18 0.05 0.60 0.26 0.19 0.09 0.15 1.95 27.00Fuels 2003 0.79 0.17 0.51 0.22 2.45 0.47 1.17 0.17 1.34 1.95 0.50 0.35 11.11 29.19

2004 0.86 1.05 0.52 0.34 1.31 1.46 2.43 0.21 1.42 1.32 0.66 1.80 9.28 14.16Manufactures 2003 74.11 50.98 89.53 25.66 49.38 70.83 71.22 10.09 14.89 39.41 7.78 46.76 397.00 328.57 2004 101.30 64.86 120.98 32.45 60.84 89.56 94.44 10.53 22.19 56.70 11.67 61.33 542.37 428.27

Iron and steel 2003 0.48 2.18 0.49 0.51 0.63 4.56 0.43 0.02 0.81 3.19 0.34 3.70 4.81 22.03 2004 1.42 2.40 1.69 0.34 1.29 5.95 0.71 0.03 2.64 4.26 1.41 3.80 13.88 23.39

Chemicals 2003 3.97 6.24 2.75 5.77 2.03 8.22 1.79 1.08 1.28 7.19 0.72 7.60 19.58 48.98 2004 4.72 7.91 3.55 6.99 2.72 11.20 2.61 1.44 1.65 10.39 1.02 9.94 26.36 65.47

Other chemicals 2003 3.12 5.28 2.20 5.63 1.83 8.08 1.63 0.93 1.20 7.15 0.69 7.59 16.72 47.27 2004 3.84 6.85 2.88 6.82 2.50 11.02 2.44 1.31 1.54 10.36 0.98 9.92 23.13 63.57

Other machinery 2003 10.00 20.94 10.61 5.95 6.32 20.34 9.76 1.86 1.99 5.65 1.67 8.77 53.54 75.82 2004 14.47 27.80 13.96 8.48 8.51 27.01 12.93 1.84 2.73 7.83 2.30 10.34 74.20 100.32

2004 8.37 4.99 8.16 2.19 4.87 9.10 9.69 1.14 1.72 3.24 1.49 4.92 42.74 35.63Textiles 2003 2.71 0.55 2.53 0.26 2.26 2.90 6.87 1.33 1.22 2.44 0.20 3.18 26.90 14.22

2004 3.42 0.68 3.21 0.31 2.52 3.32 7.58 1.29 1.36 2.52 0.24 3.29 33.43 15.30Clothing 2003 7.90 0.10 6.56 0.01 12.52 0.22 8.49 0.67 2.60 0.10 0.28 0.04 52.06 1.42

a Includes unspecified products.b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note: It should be noted that China Customs Statistics record the country of origin for imports and the country of final destination for exports. However, if the country of final destination cannot be ascertained, exports are attributed to the last known country of dispatch (see China's Customs Statistics, December 2003). For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Korea, Republic of Taipei, Chinese World bEU (25) United States Japan Hong Kong, China

Table A20

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Hong Kong, China

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.24 1.39 0.01 0.61 0.08 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.19 0.01 0.19 2.50 5.04 2004 0.23 1.20 0.01 0.73 0.08 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.17 2.30 5.35

Fish 2003 0.07 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.03 0.30 1.24 2004 0.07 0.15 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.05 0.30 1.30

Raw materials 2003 0.03 0.69 0.00 0.10 0.02 0.55 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.01 1.88 0.94 2004 0.04 0.68 0.00 0.10 0.02 0.68 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.01 1.93 0.85Fuels and mining product 2003 0.04 0.32 0.00 0.08 0.08 1.13 0.00 0.18 0.01 0.14 0.01 0.15 3.06 6.70

2004 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.47 0.26Fuels 2003 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.51 4.29

2004 0.07 0.33 0.01 0.08 0.05 1.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.14 0.02 0.01 2.82 2.98Manufactures 2003 45.26 11.59 2.16 0.84 32.41 20.40 0.35 0.36 1.45 0.43 3.12 2.39 130.73 176.16 2004 47.66 13.48 2.75 0.83 38.22 22.87 0.52 0.42 1.69 0.54 3.54 2.84 155.75 207.31

Iron and steel 2003 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.01 2.20 2.53 2004 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.30 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 2.66 3.13

Chemicals 2003 0.23 1.45 0.01 0.05 0.11 2.52 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.31 10.43 9.13 2004 0.27 1.67 0.01 0.05 0.15 2.88 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.43 12.54 11.33

Other Chemicals 2003 0.21 1.38 0.01 0.04 0.08 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.31 9.83 8.74 2004 0.24 1.58 0.01 0.04 0.11 2.47 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.43 11.96 10.94

Other semi-manufactures 2003 2.56 1.13 0.05 0.35 1.70 2.58 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.62 1.13 7.36 11.78 2004 2.60 1.31 0.06 0.43 1.98 2.92 0.02 0.07 0.06 0.18 0.66 1.41 8.33 13.06

Other machinery 2003 5.30 1.73 0.19 0.03 3.87 3.63 0.03 0.00 0.16 0.09 0.60 0.48 20.41 24.58 2004 5.48 2.24 0.23 0.03 4.70 4.31 0.04 0.00 0.21 0.08 0.69 0.51 24.75 28.77

2004 4.57 1.49 0.16 0.03 3.84 1.46 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.12 0.03 15.80 19.27Textiles 2003 0.44 0.24 0.21 0.01 0.24 0.96 0.01 0.00 0.34 0.01 0.22 0.01 11.63 11.70

2004 0.48 0.24 0.30 0.01 0.25 1.14 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.01 0.27 0.02 12.62 12.69Clothing 2003 9.40 0.08 0.40 0.01 6.86 0.64 0.03 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.25 0.01 6.05 15.21

Europe CIS North South & CentralAmerica America Africa Middle East Asia

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Hong Kong, China

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 1.67 2.21 0.07 0.90 0.19 1.20 0.05 0.40 0.07 0.15 0.03 0.10 2.85 8.41 2004 1.28 2.31 0.08 0.95 0.18 1.00 0.05 0.44 0.07 0.13 0.03 0.12 2.64 8.74

Fish 2003 0.22 0.27 0.00 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.21 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.37 1.75 2004 0.20 0.26 0.00 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.01 0.23 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.38 1.90

Raw materials 2003 1.75 0.23 0.02 0.54 0.02 0.50 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.20 0.02 0.07 1.93 2.40 2004 1.81 0.26 0.02 0.67 0.03 0.45 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.16 0.01 0.07 2.00 2.44Fuels and mining product 2003 2.69 2.14 0.04 0.28 0.03 0.18 0.03 0.50 0.06 0.39 0.03 0.94 3.19 8.70

2004 0.35 0.11 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.55 0.38Fuels 2003 0.39 1.20 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.68 0.51 4.68

2004 2.60 1.19 0.05 0.26 0.03 0.12 0.05 0.46 0.04 0.30 0.02 0.39 2.97 4.57Manufactures 2003 89.15 96.22 30.58 18.09 41.43 10.85 11.96 26.49 5.26 15.33 4.49 10.10 215.49 212.17 2004 107.47 112.68 36.07 19.90 43.65 12.76 13.65 31.76 6.10 18.92 5.55 11.35 250.12 248.28

Iron and steel 2003 2.15 0.35 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.85 0.01 0.58 0.00 0.45 2.22 3.26 2004 2.51 0.54 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.05 0.00 1.07 0.08 0.62 0.01 0.55 2.68 3.89

Chemicals 2003 9.32 1.65 0.11 2.21 0.20 1.32 0.08 2.18 0.22 1.85 0.10 1.13 10.85 13.49 2004 11.28 2.17 0.14 2.53 0.24 1.52 0.09 2.61 0.22 2.24 0.11 1.50 13.04 16.39

Other chemicals 2003 8.97 1.48 0.08 1.87 0.19 1.26 0.08 2.12 0.18 1.85 0.09 1.12 10.19 12.63 2004 10.97 2.02 0.11 2.18 0.22 1.44 0.09 2.55 0.19 2.23 0.09 1.50 12.40 15.48

Other machinery 2003 14.53 13.96 3.70 3.43 4.84 1.60 1.97 6.01 0.76 1.55 0.49 0.59 30.56 30.53 2004 17.87 16.89 4.50 4.07 4.99 2.11 2.28 6.73 0.84 1.70 0.58 0.63 36.10 35.94

2004 10.79 12.78 3.68 1.40 4.18 1.44 1.84 3.48 0.65 1.04 0.47 0.42 24.58 22.29Textiles 2003 8.89 7.25 0.22 0.91 0.34 0.23 0.10 0.67 0.06 1.65 0.04 1.02 13.08 12.93

2004 9.69 7.93 0.23 1.07 0.38 0.23 0.11 0.75 0.04 1.71 0.04 0.95 14.30 14.11Clothing 2003 2.61 14.58 6.51 0.61 8.57 0.06 1.69 0.15 0.28 0.05 0.18 0.03 23.15 15.95

Taipei, Chinese Korea, Rep. of World bChina EU (25) United States Japan

Table A21

Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner,2003-04 - Hong Kong, China(Billion dollars)

dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp.

Food 2003 0.06 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.26 2.25 2004 0.06 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.32 1.98

Fish 2003 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.29 2004 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30

2004 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.19Fuels 2003 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.33

2004 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.10 2.72Manufactures 2003 5.39 39.87 0.04 2.12 2.76 29.65 0.01 0.34 0.07 1.39 0.06 3.05 6.25 124.48 2004 5.22 42.44 0.05 2.70 2.90 35.32 0.01 0.51 0.05 1.63 0.07 3.46 6.62 149.13

Iron and steel 2003 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.20 2004 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.65

Chemicals 2003 0.02 0.21 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.72 9.71 2004 0.02 0.25 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.83 11.71

Other chemicals 2003 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.56 9.26 2004 0.01 0.24 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.69 11.26

Other machinery 2003 0.18 5.12 0.00 0.18 0.11 3.77 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.60 0.48 19.92 2004 0.17 5.31 0.00 0.23 0.14 4.55 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.21 0.01 0.69 0.51 24.23

2004 0.15 4.42 0.00 0.16 0.13 3.71 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.11 0.25 15.54Textiles 2003 0.08 0.35 0.01 0.20 0.03 0.21 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.30 0.02 0.21 0.58 11.04

2004 0.07 0.41 0.01 0.29 0.03 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.35 0.01 0.26 0.54 12.08Clothing 2003 4.03 5.37 0.01 0.39 2.00 4.86 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.25 2.15 3.90

South & Central

Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner,2003-04 - Hong Kong, China(Billion dollars)

dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp.

Food 2003 0.04 1.63 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.15 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.37 2.49 2004 0.04 1.24 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.14 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.42 2.22

Fish 2003 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.36 2004 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.37

2004 0.20 0.16 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.31 0.25Fuels 2003 0.17 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.34

2004 0.06 2.54 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.13 2.83Manufactures 2003 4.20 84.95 2.66 27.92 4.95 36.48 0.34 11.62 0.42 4.84 0.13 4.36 14.59 200.90 2004 4.26 103.21 2.78 33.29 4.88 38.77 0.33 13.32 0.54 5.57 0.14 5.41 14.93 235.18

Iron and steel 2003 0.01 2.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.21 2004 0.01 2.50 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.01 2.67

Chemicals 2003 0.59 8.73 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.19 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.10 0.74 10.10 2004 0.67 10.61 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.22 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.21 0.01 0.11 0.86 12.18

Other chemicals 2003 0.45 8.51 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.17 0.00 0.08 0.58 9.61 2004 0.56 10.41 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.21 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.18 0.00 0.08 0.71 11.69

Other machinery 2003 0.31 14.22 0.10 3.60 0.16 4.67 0.03 1.94 0.03 0.73 0.02 0.46 0.78 29.78 2004 0.28 17.59 0.14 4.36 0.16 4.84 0.03 2.25 0.04 0.80 0.02 0.56 0.84 35.26

2004 0.14 10.65 0.13 3.56 0.14 4.04 0.03 1.82 0.01 0.64 0.01 0.46 0.54 24.04Textiles 2003 0.33 8.57 0.02 0.20 0.07 0.27 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.76 12.33

2004 0.31 9.38 0.02 0.20 0.05 0.33 0.02 0.10 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.68 13.61Clothing 2003 1.88 0.74 1.99 4.52 3.68 4.89 0.03 1.65 0.19 0.09 0.02 0.16 8.20 14.95

Taipei, Chinese Korea, Republic of World bChina EU (25) United States Japan

Table A22

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.48 17.53 0.01 2.91 0.12 6.09 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.90 0.03 0.07 1.71 18.59 2004 0.51 17.97 0.01 3.64 0.13 6.92 0.03 1.11 0.02 0.88 0.03 0.09 1.95 22.12

Fish 2003 0.16 1.71 0.01 0.89 0.03 1.17 0.01 1.05 0.01 0.38 0.01 0.02 0.68 7.54 2004 0.15 1.91 0.01 1.06 0.02 1.22 0.02 1.08 0.01 0.35 0.01 0.03 0.83 8.59

2004 0.08 1.39 0.00 3.76 0.10 0.36 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.09 2.88 7.86Fuels 2003 0.24 1.40 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.36 0.01 0.91 0.01 1.73 0.01 49.74 1.19 26.98

2004 0.45 1.22 0.02 1.00 0.33 1.18 0.02 1.96 0.01 2.25 0.15 0.26 4.75 4.13Manufactures 2003 122.09 43.46 6.30 0.91 75.84 45.91 2.13 0.34 4.67 1.40 12.34 1.09 209.83 125.35 2004 135.19 46.38 7.91 1.09 89.72 53.14 3.67 0.61 6.38 1.62 13.91 1.24 260.93 151.96

Iron and steel 2003 1.36 0.13 0.18 0.19 0.58 0.22 0.16 0.20 0.28 0.32 0.75 0.00 14.57 2.27 2004 1.83 0.17 0.20 0.26 0.83 0.34 0.25 0.42 0.26 0.49 0.77 0.00 19.15 3.90

Chemicals 2003 7.68 8.30 0.33 0.28 6.02 12.91 0.03 0.07 0.13 0.07 0.26 0.53 24.51 7.28 2004 8.14 9.20 0.37 0.38 6.88 15.00 0.04 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.27 0.55 32.16 9.06

Other chemicals 2003 5.96 6.88 0.31 0.27 5.10 8.57 0.03 0.07 0.12 0.07 0.24 0.51 24.00 6.86 2004 6.37 7.64 0.36 0.37 5.76 9.95 0.04 0.09 0.14 0.10 0.25 0.54 31.56 8.58

Electronic data processing 2003 8.19 3.41 0.05 0.01 6.59 1.34 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.04 9.20 19.40and office equipment 2004 8.69 3.36 0.08 0.01 7.34 1.32 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.07 0.09 9.57 22.32Telecommunications 2003 9.51 1.47 0.19 0.01 9.07 0.69 0.19 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.50 0.04 11.05 10.70equipment 2004 11.10 1.47 0.26 0.00 10.98 0.55 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.66 0.05 12.48 14.01Integrated circuits and 2003 2.98 4.07 0.36 0.17 2.78 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 29.08 12.31electronic components 2004 3.29 4.29 0.33 0.13 3.68 1.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.01 33.28 15.64

Transport equipment 2003 56.13 6.71 3.49 0.02 25.28 7.39 1.16 0.00 2.64 0.85 7.21 0.00 27.61 2.92 2004 59.49 6.17 4.57 0.03 29.59 9.16 2.33 0.00 4.01 0.86 7.77 0.00 32.83 3.48

Automotive products 2003 48.46 2.20 2.77 0.00 19.43 6.45 1.10 0.00 2.41 0.85 6.91 0.00 21.66 1.62 2004 50.36 1.74 3.62 0.01 23.25 8.30 2.26 0.00 3.40 0.85 7.47 0.00 25.37 1.90

Other transport equipmen 2003 7.67 4.51 0.72 0.01 5.85 0.93 0.06 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.30 0.00 5.96 1.30 2004 9.13 4.43 0.96 0.02 6.34 0.86 0.06 0.00 0.61 0.01 0.30 0.00 7.45 1.58

Other machinery 2003 20.31 8.35 1.09 0.05 15.04 6.85 0.38 0.00 0.84 0.02 1.99 0.08 56.54 17.91 2004 24.59 9.85 1.35 0.04 18.19 8.13 0.56 0.01 1.00 0.04 2.57 0.09 73.51 22.29

Power generating 2003 1.81 2.79 0.12 0.00 1.04 0.64 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.16 0.00 2.50 1.25machinery 2004 2.04 3.22 0.09 0.00 1.43 0.79 0.05 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.29 0.00 3.41 1.47Non-electrical machinery 2003 12.92 3.29 0.71 0.04 9.33 4.28 0.30 0.00 0.54 0.02 1.36 0.03 34.13 5.26 2004 15.88 4.13 0.94 0.03 11.44 5.13 0.43 0.00 0.74 0.03 1.57 0.03 45.71 7.21Electrical machinery 2003 5.58 2.27 0.27 0.01 4.66 1.92 0.06 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.46 0.04 19.90 11.39

2004 6.67 2.50 0.32 0.01 5.32 2.22 0.07 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.70 0.06 24.39 13.62Textiles 2003 0.52 0.27 0.02 0.02 0.55 0.74 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.24 0.02 5.06 3.96

2004 0.58 0.28 0.02 0.02 0.61 0.80 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.25 0.03 5.64 4.44Clothing 2003 0.07 0.28 0.00 0.03 0.09 1.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.34 17.42

2004 11.57 8.74 0.35 0.07 7.84 11.63 0.11 0.02 0.22 0.02 0.59 0.19 29.34 23.85Personal and 2003 0.19 0.50 0.01 0.03 0.08 2.60 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.35 7.26household goods 2004 0.26 0.47 0.01 0.05 0.10 2.80 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.41 8.10Scientific and controlling 2003 3.62 4.29 0.13 0.00 2.47 2.52 0.04 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.14 0.12 8.17 2.47instruments 2004 4.52 4.89 0.19 0.01 3.13 3.07 0.06 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.18 0.16 11.53 3.18Miscellaneous manufactures 2003 6.23 3.31 0.14 0.02 4.19 5.03 0.04 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.36 0.03 13.16 10.73

2004 6.80 3.38 0.15 0.02 4.61 5.76 0.06 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.40 0.03 17.40 12.57Total merchandise a 2003 128.59 69.31 6.46 7.67 80.04 55.75 2.19 4.64 4.84 6.45 12.89 51.24 231.33 188.39 2004 142.50 74.29 8.14 10.45 94.78 64.60 3.77 6.20 6.60 8.68 14.47 62.73 288.94 228.30

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

United States China EU (25) Korea, Republic of Taipei, Chinese Hong Kong, China World b

Food 2003 0.44 14.41 0.20 6.18 0.11 5.21 0.28 1.24 0.40 1.06 0.40 0.03 2.38 47.19 2004 0.47 14.29 0.30 7.48 0.13 5.97 0.34 1.37 0.42 1.21 0.46 0.03 2.69 52.73

Fish 2003 0.15 1.21 0.10 2.37 0.02 0.41 0.13 0.66 0.06 0.86 0.20 0.01 0.91 12.75 2004 0.14 1.33 0.18 2.98 0.02 0.40 0.18 0.73 0.05 1.00 0.23 0.01 1.05 14.23

2004 0.08 0.65 1.15 0.54 0.10 0.30 1.07 0.17 0.45 0.19 0.02 0.02 3.07 13.97Fuels 2003 0.22 0.83 0.40 2.54 0.05 0.12 0.42 2.51 0.08 0.10 0.06 0.00 1.56 81.17

2004 0.42 0.52 1.11 1.42 0.31 0.91 0.74 0.34 0.96 0.11 0.46 0.01 5.72 12.00Manufactures 2003 111.35 40.63 52.21 63.93 71.84 41.78 31.52 13.27 28.29 12.04 27.08 1.05 438.86 218.47 2004 121.75 43.48 66.40 79.77 84.56 48.32 39.70 16.40 38.61 13.81 31.76 1.15 524.28 256.04

Iron and steel 2003 0.88 0.12 3.72 0.70 0.41 0.21 3.63 0.96 1.51 0.33 0.81 0.00 17.87 3.33 2004 1.22 0.16 4.89 1.35 0.60 0.31 4.95 1.65 2.00 0.47 0.99 0.00 23.29 5.57

Chemicals 2003 7.39 7.85 6.61 2.22 5.65 11.54 5.06 1.34 4.82 0.91 2.36 0.01 38.96 29.43 2004 7.85 8.72 9.14 2.99 6.39 13.35 6.67 1.78 6.57 0.97 2.84 0.01 48.01 34.38

Other chemicals 2003 5.69 6.49 6.51 2.01 4.78 7.84 4.93 1.28 4.74 0.88 2.30 0.01 35.77 23.23 2004 6.09 7.21 8.99 2.77 5.38 9.03 6.50 1.72 6.47 0.94 2.79 0.01 44.47 27.27

Other machinery 2003 18.30 8.03 15.30 9.27 14.12 6.19 8.67 1.77 9.14 1.30 6.67 0.13 96.19 33.26 2004 22.25 9.52 20.91 11.92 17.22 7.40 11.41 2.29 13.15 1.41 7.36 0.14 121.80 40.45

2004 5.82 2.35 6.87 7.64 5.05 2.08 3.49 0.83 3.80 0.70 4.03 0.11 37.69 18.41Textiles 2003 0.48 0.26 2.79 2.43 0.51 0.70 0.35 0.30 0.23 0.24 0.72 0.02 6.43 5.04

2004 0.53 0.27 3.14 2.78 0.57 0.75 0.35 0.32 0.27 0.30 0.80 0.02 7.14 5.60Clothing 2003 0.07 0.24 0.04 15.58 0.09 1.62 0.05 0.34 0.09 0.06 0.14 0.06 0.51 19.48

b Includes unspecified destinations and origins.Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

esTable A23

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Korea, Rep. of

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.32 2.87 0.01 0.74 0.12 0.95 0.20 0.34 0.01 0.09 0.12 0.02 1.89 4.85 2004 0.37 2.90 0.01 1.10 0.11 1.15 0.21 0.30 0.01 0.11 0.15 0.03 2.14 5.39

Fish 2003 0.07 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.30 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.82 1.22 2004 0.07 0.18 0.00 0.06 0.07 0.12 0.00 0.28 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.97 1.52

2004 0.03 1.56 0.00 1.58 0.02 0.40 0.00 0.60 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.09 0.46 3.39Fuels 2003 0.47 0.69 0.11 0.65 0.05 0.22 0.02 0.57 0.03 1.40 0.02 25.24 6.19 9.85

2004 0.23 0.68 0.01 1.01 0.14 0.52 0.01 0.72 0.03 0.56 0.14 0.18 3.14 3.45Manufactures 2003 38.42 20.20 4.76 0.96 29.27 18.99 2.33 1.06 2.52 0.43 7.25 0.93 90.24 69.75 2004 48.23 23.25 6.38 1.20 41.06 22.27 3.35 1.58 5.44 0.60 8.93 1.17 114.61 88.75

Iron and steel 2003 0.75 0.13 0.09 0.50 0.41 0.49 0.02 0.71 0.09 0.27 0.49 0.01 5.93 5.24 2004 1.51 0.17 0.13 0.70 0.62 0.84 0.04 1.18 0.11 0.37 0.73 0.02 8.49 8.91

Chemicals 2003 1.23 3.62 0.51 0.16 1.29 3.59 0.53 0.23 0.47 0.03 0.51 0.59 12.40 8.26 2004 1.74 4.50 0.50 0.20 1.55 4.28 0.68 0.26 0.66 0.04 0.71 0.75 17.28 10.63

Other chemicals 2003 1.20 3.42 0.48 0.16 1.23 2.78 0.52 0.23 0.46 0.03 0.48 0.59 12.19 7.92 2004 1.68 4.23 0.47 0.20 1.47 3.25 0.67 0.26 0.63 0.03 0.68 0.75 17.05 10.22

Other machinery 2003 4.14 4.29 0.45 0.06 3.36 5.59 0.33 0.03 0.44 0.03 1.29 0.06 11.83 15.16 2004 5.01 5.23 0.64 0.05 4.28 6.82 0.48 0.02 0.61 0.06 1.75 0.07 15.53 20.89

2004 1.94 1.23 0.23 0.01 1.98 1.41 0.22 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.66 0.05 6.62 10.84Textiles 2003 1.16 0.20 0.79 0.01 1.16 0.44 0.23 0.04 0.34 0.01 0.85 0.00 6.20 2.42

2004 1.20 0.21 0.82 0.01 1.17 0.44 0.19 0.04 0.31 0.01 0.82 0.01 6.29 2.68Clothing 2003 1.99 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.59 0.32 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.93 2.17

North South & CentralAmerica America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Korea, Rep. of

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.20 2.41 0.28 2.65 1.24 0.33 0.11 0.89 0.10 0.01 0.07 0.07 2.68 9.87 2004 0.29 2.02 0.33 2.65 1.38 0.36 0.11 1.06 0.11 0.02 0.07 0.09 3.00 10.99

Fish 2003 0.07 0.71 0.06 0.14 0.65 0.14 0.08 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.98 1.90 2004 0.12 0.90 0.06 0.13 0.73 0.18 0.07 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 1.12 2.19

2004 0.22 0.35 0.03 1.28 0.16 1.16 0.02 0.36 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.51 7.88Fuels 2003 1.87 1.62 0.46 0.48 2.64 0.50 0.05 0.12 0.61 0.00 0.07 0.52 6.90 38.63

2004 1.15 1.40 0.18 0.48 0.37 0.78 0.12 0.41 0.38 0.01 0.33 0.10 3.70 7.13Manufactures 2003 31.65 16.48 33.26 19.19 12.88 34.03 26.56 17.42 12.02 1.27 6.60 5.13 177.68 112.51 2004 44.74 23.40 41.35 22.19 16.17 42.86 37.35 20.61 13.91 1.53 9.16 6.78 231.05 139.13

Iron and steel 2003 2.71 0.85 0.57 0.08 0.95 3.80 0.33 0.44 0.54 0.00 0.25 0.17 7.78 7.35 2004 3.45 2.76 1.21 0.15 1.66 5.24 0.54 0.71 0.67 0.01 0.38 0.21 11.63 12.18

Chemicals 2003 6.22 1.32 0.94 3.29 1.38 5.26 1.11 3.34 0.98 0.01 1.08 0.30 16.94 16.48 2004 9.18 1.78 1.34 4.10 1.77 6.79 1.29 4.01 1.23 0.02 1.53 0.45 23.13 20.65

Other chemicals 2003 6.20 1.24 0.92 3.13 1.33 5.12 1.06 2.62 0.98 0.01 1.06 0.30 16.55 15.12 2004 9.15 1.68 1.30 3.87 1.71 6.63 1.22 3.09 1.22 0.02 1.51 0.45 22.66 18.95

Other machinery 2003 4.99 3.62 3.48 4.17 1.85 9.46 3.08 4.94 0.86 0.23 0.67 0.77 21.85 25.22 2004 7.04 5.09 4.22 5.08 2.52 12.95 3.84 6.02 1.05 0.30 0.94 1.02 28.30 33.14

2004 2.92 3.94 1.71 1.18 1.13 4.91 1.87 1.34 0.72 0.24 0.43 0.77 11.84 13.57Textiles 2003 2.15 1.09 0.97 0.17 0.31 0.37 0.88 0.42 1.08 0.02 0.13 0.14 10.78 3.13

2004 2.23 1.22 1.01 0.17 0.32 0.37 0.85 0.41 1.03 0.02 0.14 0.18 10.84 3.38Clothing 2003 0.25 1.95 1.86 0.03 0.48 0.06 0.57 0.31 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.01 3.64 2.55

World bHong Kong, ChinaEU (25)JapanUnited StatesChina Taipei, Chinese

esTable A24

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Singapore

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.15 0.41 0.01 0.19 0.22 0.81 0.05 0.00 0.15 0.11 0.12 0.02 2.06 2.75 2004 0.14 0.42 0.01 0.24 0.25 1.00 0.04 0.01 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.03 2.49 2.93

Fish 2003 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.19 0.40 2004 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.24 0.49

2004 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.47 0.24Fuels 2003 0.09 0.51 0.01 0.35 0.20 0.48 0.00 0.39 0.06 0.25 0.28 9.99 11.60 5.36

2004 0.03 0.23 0.00 0.04 0.10 0.19 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 1.45 1.15Manufactures 2003 21.12 17.22 0.39 0.25 19.50 17.41 0.21 0.19 1.07 0.39 2.16 0.86 76.95 66.14 2004 23.80 20.08 0.72 0.44 24.82 22.22 0.36 0.27 1.36 0.46 2.73 1.08 94.76 84.23

Iron and steel 2003 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.56 1.09 2004 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.54 0.00 0.25 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.84 1.69

Chemicals 2003 2.75 1.94 0.06 0.03 4.24 2.93 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.06 0.21 0.43 9.58 3.13 2004 2.08 2.26 0.07 0.05 6.17 3.46 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.26 0.56 12.08 4.09

Other chemicals 2003 2.63 1.85 0.04 0.03 4.02 2.40 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.06 0.20 0.43 9.03 2.94 2004 1.97 2.16 0.06 0.05 5.77 2.88 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.25 0.56 11.50 3.87

Other machinery 2003 1.14 4.25 0.07 0.04 1.14 3.87 0.04 0.01 0.20 0.01 0.58 0.14 12.17 9.95 2004 1.55 5.76 0.08 0.06 1.45 5.30 0.07 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.67 0.17 14.53 12.57

2004 0.83 1.18 0.04 0.02 0.91 1.38 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.13 0.10 6.94 6.21Textiles 2003 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.61 0.82

2004 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.59 0.83Clothing 2003 1.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.61 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.16 1.74

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Singapore

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.42 0.99 0.21 0.75 0.13 0.38 0.09 0.35 0.39 0.12 0.15 0.04 2.75 4.30 2004 0.51 1.03 0.24 0.95 0.12 0.37 0.14 0.39 0.45 0.09 0.18 0.04 3.22 4.77

Fish 2003 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.31 0.53 2004 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.39 0.62

2004 0.12 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.49 0.33Fuels 2003 2.31 1.04 0.18 0.31 0.09 0.49 1.00 0.68 0.59 0.04 3.13 0.01 12.24 17.33

2004 0.33 0.24 0.09 0.18 0.03 0.17 0.26 0.22 0.14 0.19 0.09 0.01 1.60 1.77Manufactures 2003 19.33 19.17 18.86 15.16 20.01 16.49 8.68 9.80 8.24 14.58 10.71 3.00 121.46 102.46 2004 22.53 21.54 23.95 19.64 22.46 19.13 13.02 14.57 9.62 18.06 13.29 3.52 148.54 128.78

Iron and steel 2003 0.25 0.13 0.01 0.32 0.01 0.08 0.04 0.13 0.01 0.48 0.04 0.00 0.64 1.80 2004 0.33 0.16 0.02 0.47 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.39 0.02 0.62 0.04 0.00 0.98 2.68

Chemicals 2003 1.62 0.61 4.22 2.58 2.50 1.89 1.89 0.33 0.84 1.01 0.84 0.07 16.95 8.53 2004 1.98 0.81 6.15 3.12 1.93 2.20 2.53 0.43 0.99 1.27 0.99 0.08 20.79 10.49

Other chemicals 2003 1.55 0.58 4.00 2.14 2.42 1.81 1.85 0.29 0.80 0.98 0.82 0.06 16.04 7.71 2004 1.91 0.78 5.75 2.64 1.87 2.10 2.49 0.38 0.93 1.23 0.96 0.07 19.67 9.59

Other machinery 2003 4.33 1.77 1.08 3.57 1.02 4.11 1.34 1.68 0.80 3.51 1.16 0.38 15.33 18.28 2004 4.74 2.15 1.36 4.92 1.41 5.54 2.13 2.29 0.86 4.91 1.37 0.48 18.57 23.88

2004 2.59 1.41 0.88 1.31 0.76 1.11 1.13 1.57 0.43 1.56 0.68 0.31 8.90 8.90Textiles 2003 0.20 0.13 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.26 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.71 1.01

2004 0.19 0.13 0.03 0.10 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.27 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.70 1.01Clothing 2003 0.06 0.47 0.60 0.14 0.94 0.02 0.00 0.48 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.28 1.80 1.94

Japan Hong Kong, China World bMalaysia EU (25) United States China

esTable A25

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Taipei, Chinese

(Billion dollars)

Food 2003 0.31 2.22 0.02 0.46 0.07 0.78 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02 1.46 1.96 2004 0.33 2.27 0.02 0.60 0.05 0.82 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 1.68 2.35

Fish 2003 0.17 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.99 0.16 2004 0.19 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 1.21 0.18

2004 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.07 0.23 1.86Fuels 2003 0.07 0.12 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.23 0.01 1.79 0.01 9.03 2.12 3.99

2004 0.08 0.38 0.01 1.03 0.07 0.27 0.00 0.28 0.01 0.35 0.01 0.25 2.34 3.56Manufactures 2003 28.30 13.90 1.85 0.73 20.67 13.04 0.40 0.90 1.31 0.53 2.04 0.97 86.48 63.79 2004 29.82 18.35 2.15 0.93 23.52 16.31 0.54 2.10 1.46 0.64 2.49 1.49 100.88 83.20

Iron and steel 2003 0.27 0.12 0.03 0.49 0.27 0.72 0.01 0.79 0.02 0.39 0.11 0.05 5.14 2.48 2004 0.99 0.20 0.06 0.60 0.48 0.90 0.02 1.88 0.03 0.49 0.16 0.14 5.98 4.54

Chemicals 2003 0.75 3.16 0.19 0.05 0.57 2.91 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.05 0.23 0.64 10.29 8.85 2004 0.86 3.98 0.23 0.06 0.65 3.56 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.07 0.29 0.81 13.93 11.96

Other chemicals 2003 0.73 2.99 0.19 0.05 0.56 2.27 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.05 0.22 0.64 10.24 8.62 2004 0.83 3.80 0.23 0.06 0.65 2.73 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.07 0.29 0.80 13.87 11.70

Other machinery 2003 4.61 2.75 0.33 0.01 2.54 2.90 0.07 0.01 0.27 0.01 0.33 0.04 15.58 14.22 2004 5.39 4.94 0.37 0.02 3.39 3.82 0.08 0.01 0.29 0.01 0.41 0.05 17.62 19.62

2004 2.77 0.92 0.11 0.01 1.96 1.07 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.14 0.03 9.52 7.44Textiles 2003 0.76 0.11 0.37 0.01 0.51 0.16 0.03 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.27 0.00 7.06 0.89

2004 0.75 0.10 0.41 0.01 0.47 0.18 0.03 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.31 0.01 7.71 0.96Clothing 2003 1.45 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.23 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.38 0.61

Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Taipei, Chinese

(Billion dollars)

Japan China United States EU (25) Hong Kong, China Korea, Republic of World b

Food 2003 1.03 0.48 0.02 0.15 0.28 2.11 0.07 0.72 0.12 0.03 0.04 0.05 1.94 5.49 2004 1.21 0.54 0.04 0.17 0.29 2.14 0.05 0.77 0.11 0.03 0.05 0.05 2.16 6.11

Fish 2003 0.84 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 1.29 0.30 2004 1.04 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.17 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.50 0.31

2004 0.06 0.50 0.05 0.33 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.44 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.24 3.53Fuels 2003 0.14 0.06 0.09 0.66 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.42 0.00 0.51 0.10 3.34 15.20

2004 0.11 0.98 0.87 0.79 0.07 0.22 0.07 0.22 0.88 0.02 0.09 0.35 2.52 6.12Manufactures 2003 10.87 30.40 21.89 9.28 26.00 13.14 19.49 11.76 29.05 1.55 4.01 8.19 141.11 95.73 2004 11.43 40.96 32.11 14.06 27.26 17.54 21.97 14.77 27.65 1.83 4.88 10.91 160.96 125.42

Iron and steel 2003 0.32 1.52 2.03 0.39 0.21 0.08 0.26 0.56 1.68 0.00 0.18 0.25 5.85 5.03 2004 0.46 2.05 2.42 1.53 0.88 0.09 0.46 0.65 1.38 0.00 0.19 0.44 7.72 8.78

Chemicals 2003 0.77 5.12 4.00 0.75 0.65 3.02 0.48 2.63 3.17 0.06 0.27 1.18 12.19 15.74 2004 0.84 7.02 6.53 1.13 0.75 3.84 0.52 3.25 3.29 0.05 0.42 1.60 16.17 20.59

Other chemicals 2003 0.75 5.04 3.99 0.73 0.63 2.86 0.47 2.08 3.16 0.06 0.27 1.16 12.11 14.68 2004 0.83 6.92 6.52 1.10 0.72 3.67 0.52 2.53 3.29 0.05 0.41 1.58 16.06 19.30

Other machinery 2003 1.50 10.23 4.82 2.09 4.17 2.65 2.22 2.46 4.85 0.19 0.73 0.68 23.71 20.00 2004 1.52 14.34 6.18 2.94 4.88 4.81 2.86 3.30 4.76 0.20 0.85 0.93 27.56 28.51

2004 0.84 4.17 2.98 2.01 2.55 0.84 1.70 0.96 3.18 0.15 0.66 0.48 14.59 9.51Textiles 2003 0.28 0.24 1.03 0.15 0.61 0.10 0.44 0.14 2.88 0.02 0.13 0.12 9.32 1.18

2004 0.33 0.28 1.47 0.16 0.59 0.09 0.42 0.15 2.81 0.02 0.19 0.15 10.04 1.25Clothing 2003 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.08 1.37 0.01 0.23 0.17 0.14 0.29 0.01 0.02 2.11 0.82

esTable A26

Export prices of primary commodities, 1994-05

(Indices 1995=100)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

Food and beverages 95 100 105 100 89 77 77 77 80 84 95 96 101 93 90 96 97

Food 94 100 108 99 88 78 79 81 82 86 98 100 106 97 92 98 99

Cereals 84 100 119 93 79 69 67 70 80 81 87 90 94 82 83 85 82Wheat 85 100 117 90 71 63 64 72 84 83 89 93 91 83 87 86 80Maize 87 100 133 95 82 73 71 73 81 85 91 99 104 83 76 78 78Rice 84 100 105 94 95 78 64 54 60 62 77 69 78 77 83 91 92Barley 70 100 115 93 82 73 74 90 105 101 95 95 108 89 88 87 88

Vegetable oils and protein meals 93 100 110 110 97 77 74 71 83 98 114 129 132 104 91 98 106

Meat 106 100 116 109 93 93 101 109 103 106 129 116 130 138 132 130 131Beef 122 100 94 97 91 96 101 112 110 104 132 117 129 145 137 136 139Lamb 111 100 128 133 102 102 100 115 129 141 146 144 142 146 154 156 145Swine meat 90 100 147 116 73 71 94 98 75 85 113 95 118 122 117 112 112Poultry 100 100 112 110 114 108 107 115 114 119 137 129 139 144 135 133 134

Seafood 102 100 90 88 86 85 88 77 66 66 69 73 75 66 68 77 77Fish 105 100 86 78 78 75 76 61 62 63 70 70 72 68 70 81 83Shrimp 97 100 97 109 105 108 113 113 77 73 66 81 83 63 61 69 62

Sugar 91 100 92 87 73 58 66 67 57 62 68 60 64 71 75 76 74

Bananas 99 100 106 117 111 84 95 131 119 84 118 108 126 126 111 172 128

Oranges 77 100 93 86 83 82 68 112 106 129 161 154 166 178 146 156 200

Beverages 99 100 85 112 97 76 65 54 63 67 69 68 65 69 72 88 86

Coffee 98 100 76 106 82 64 50 35 35 39 46 45 45 44 50 67 72

Cocoa beans 97 100 102 113 117 79 63 76 124 122 108 109 99 113 112 117 108

Tea 112 100 108 144 145 142 151 121 109 118 121 120 112 130 121 150 125

Agricultural raw materials 97 100 96 92 76 77 81 77 78 81 86 85 86 87 84 85 85

Timber 106 100 102 95 80 89 88 80 80 84 94 87 94 99 95 97 95

Cotton 81 100 82 81 67 54 60 49 47 65 63 75 69 57 51 54 57

Wool 90 100 85 94 70 70 79 75 96 108 100 105 99 98 99 101 99

Rubber 71 100 89 64 46 40 44 38 48 69 83 83 87 81 79 80 88

Hides and skins 99 100 99 100 87 82 91 96 92 78 76 79 73 77 76 75 74

Minerals and non-ferrous metals(excluding crude petroleum) 83 100 89 90 74 73 82 74 72 81 110 107 107 110 117 126 134

Copper 79 100 78 78 56 54 62 54 53 61 98 93 95 97 106 111 116

Aluminum 82 100 83 89 75 75 86 80 75 79 95 91 93 95 102 105 99

Iron ore 93 100 106 106 109 97 101 105 103 113 134 134 134 134 134 165 229

Tin 88 100 99 91 89 87 88 72 66 79 137 111 148 146 143 131 128

Nickel 77 100 91 84 56 73 105 73 83 117 168 178 152 171 171 187 200

Zinc 97 100 99 128 99 104 109 86 76 80 102 104 100 95 108 128 123

Lead 87 100 123 99 84 80 72 76 72 82 140 133 128 147 152 155 156

Uranium 81 100 134 104 89 86 71 74 84 96 155 137 153 156 174 182 230

Total of above 91 100 98 95 82 76 79 76 77 82 97 97 99 97 97 103 106

Energy 92 100 116 110 77 100 156 138 138 161 210 179 200 225 237 253 278

Natural gas 92 100 114 109 87 87 155 153 123 162 180 164 174 179 203 209 232

Crude petroleum 93 100 118 112 76 105 164 141 145 168 220 187 207 236 248 268 295

Coal 82 100 96 89 75 66 68 85 70 74 142 114 149 160 146 135 134

All primary commodities 92 100 107 102 79 88 116 106 106 120 151 136 147 158 164 175 188

Note: The indices are period averages based on dollar prices. The quarterly figures are not seasonally adjusted. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

Table A27

Export prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04

(Indices 2000=100)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandiseGermany 124 142 135 119 117 111 100 98 103 123 136Japan 116 124 112 103 96 99 100 91 88 91 96United States 99 104 104 103 100 98 100 99 98 100 104

Agricultural Products Germany 126 145 137 122 119 110 100 99 105 125 136United States 103 115 121 112 102 98 100 99 99 107 117

Germany 103 122 111 105 95 90 100 96 95 113 143United States 76 86 85 86 77 79 100 97 93 104 131

ManufacturesGermany 124 143 136 120 118 112 100 98 103 124 136Japan 117 125 112 103 96 99 100 91 87 90 95United States 99 102 102 102 100 100 100 100 99 99 101

Iron and steelGermany 121 144 132 117 118 103 100 95 98 122 155Japan 108 133 121 116 101 97 100 90 95 107 139United States 97 104 105 106 103 98 100 97 101 106 147

ChemicalsGermany 121 144 135 119 116 109 100 98 102 123 136Japan 111 127 109 99 87 88 100 90 87 97 114United States 94 106 102 101 98 97 100 96 95 100 108

Machinery and transport equipmentGermany 125 142 137 120 118 114 100 98 103 124 134Japan 119 125 113 103 97 101 100 91 87 89 91United States 102 103 103 103 101 100 100 100 99 98 98

Germany 144 159 150 130 124 117 100 96 98 114 116Japan 141 139 121 108 100 103 100 87 77 71 70United States 135 131 126 118 110 104 100 96 91 87 84

Automotive productsGermany 121 137 133 118 116 113 100 98 103 124 136Japan ... 118 115 107 104 104 100 95 97 109 114United States 95 96 97 98 98 99 100 100 101 101 102

TextilesGermany 130 149 142 123 121 114 100 98 104 125 125Japan 97 105 98 93 88 95 100 94 91 94 103United States 97 102 105 105 104 101 100 98 100 102 105

ClothingGermany 130 147 140 122 120 115 100 97 104 125 125United States 103 103 104 106 107 104 100 98 98 97 97

Memorandum item:

World, unit value indices

Total merchandise 101 112 111 105 99 98 100 96 98 109 121

Agricultural products 111 125 123 115 108 103 100 99 101 113 126

Fuels and mining products 68 75 82 79 61 71 100 92 91 106 134

Manufactures 105 116 113 107 104 103 100 98 99 109 118

Note: For sources and product group definitions, see the Technical Notes .

esTable A28

Import prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04

(Indices 2000=100)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandiseGermany 117 133 127 114 109 104 100 97 100 118 131Japan 99 108 102 99 87 90 100 91 87 93 104United States 96 101 102 99 93 94 100 96 94 97 102

Agricultural Products Germany 124 141 135 126 120 109 100 99 103 121 133Japan 113 120 114 107 97 101 100 94 94 102 113United States 100 106 103 106 102 100 100 97 97 101 110

Fuels and mining productsGermany 73 83 86 83 66 71 100 95 90 108 139Japan 73 81 84 86 66 72 100 94 89 102 124United States 57 63 72 69 51 63 100 86 85 103 132

ManufacturesGermany 128 144 137 120 118 111 100 98 102 120 129Japan 116 122 110 103 97 100 100 87 82 84 88United States 105 109 108 105 102 100 100 99 97 97 98

Iron and steelGermany 125 153 136 118 118 103 100 94 99 125 167Japan 117 130 113 105 97 93 100 80 81 104 141United States 99 107 105 103 99 93 100 94 96 101 141

ChemicalsGermany 120 141 132 117 113 106 100 98 101 120 134Japan 100 119 101 99 89 92 100 93 90 102 114United States 99 106 106 102 98 97 100 100 98 100 105

Machinery and transport equipmentGermany 133 149 141 123 120 113 100 97 102 118 124Japan 123 126 114 106 100 102 100 86 80 79 80United States 109 112 110 107 103 101 100 98 97 96 95

Office and telecomequipment

Germany 153 168 154 132 124 114 100 97 98 108 105Japan 148 142 122 111 104 104 100 78 68 64 63United States 149 146 136 122 110 104 100 95 91 87 82

Automotive productsGermany 127 144 138 121 119 114 100 98 103 124 138Japan 102 110 105 97 93 99 100 91 89 99 108United States 97 100 100 98 99 100 100 100 100 101 103

TextilesGermany 127 144 137 121 119 113 100 99 103 124 135United States 101 105 106 105 102 100 100 98 98 101 104

ClothingGermany 121 136 130 116 117 112 100 98 103 120 130Japan 102 108 101 97 96 102 100 92 89 92 96United States 98 99 100 101 102 101 100 100 100 101 101

Note: For sources and product group definitions, see the Technical Notes.

World maps

≥ 10

≥ 50

This Note details the definitions, methods and sources of the statistics used in International Trade Statistics 2005. Please note that as of this issue, country groups and product definitions have been changed to take account of recent developments in trade – see box 1 for a summary of the changes.

I. Composition of geographical and other groups

1. RegionsNorth America: Bermuda, Canada, Mexico, United States of

America, and territories in North America n.e.s. South and Central America and the Caribbean: Antigua

and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and other countries and territories in South and Central America and the Caribbean, n.e.s.

Europe: of which European Union (25): Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovak Republic, and Other Europe, of which Other Western Europe: Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein, and Western Europe n.e.s.; and Other South-Eastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro, and Turkey; and territories in Europe n.e.s.

The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.

Africa, of which North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco and Tunisia; and Sub-Saharan Africa comprising: Western Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo; Central Africa: Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, and Sao Tome and Principe; Eastern Africa: Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania and Uganda; and Southern Africa: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe; and territories in Africa n.e.s.

The Middle East: Bahrain, Iraq, Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and other countries and territories in the Middle East n.e.s.

Asia, of which West Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka; and East Asia (including Oceania): Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia; China; Fiji; Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China (Hong Kong, China); Indonesia; Japan; Kiribati; Lao People’s Democratic Republic; Macao, China; Malaysia; Mongolia;

Myanmar; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Samoa; Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Taipei, Chinese); Singapore; Solomon Islands; Thailand; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; Viet Nam, and other countries and territories in Asia and the Pacific n.e.s.

2. Regional integration agreements Andean Community: Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela,

Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.ASEAN/AFTA: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao

People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.

CACM: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.

CARICOM: Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.

CEMAC: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.

COMESA: Angola, Burundi, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

ECCAS: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda and Sao Tome and Principe.

ECOWAS: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo.

EFTA: Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. EU (25): Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,

Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

GCC: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.

MERCOSUR: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. NAFTA: Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. SAARC/SAPTA: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal,

Pakistan and Sri Lanka. SADC: Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo,

Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

WAEMU: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo.

3. Other groups ACP: Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados,

Belize, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Côte d’Ivoire, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra

Technical Notes

Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Timor Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

Least-developed countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia.

Six East Asian traders: Hong Kong, China; Malaysia; Republic of Korea; Singapore; Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (Taipei, Chinese) and Thailand.

WTO members are frequently referred to as “country”, although some members are not countries in the usual sense of the word but are officially “customs territories”. The definition of geographical and other groupings in this report does not imply an expression of opinion by the Secretariat concerning the status of any country or territory, the delimitation of its frontiers, nor on the rights and obligations of any WTO Member in respect of WTO Agreements. The colours, boundaries, denominations, and classifications in the maps of this publication do not imply, on the part of the WTO, any judgement on the legal or other status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of any boundary.

Throughout this report, South and Central America and the Caribbean is referred to South and Central America; the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the Republic of Korea and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu are referenced as Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela, Korea, Republic of and Taipei, Chinese respectively.

II. Definitions and methods

II.1 Merchandise trade

1. Exports and imports Two systems of recording merchandise exports and imports

are in common use. They are referred to as general trade andspecial trade and differ mainly in the way warehoused and re-exported goods are treated. General trade figures are larger than the corresponding special trade figures because the latter exclude certain trade flows, such as goods shipped through bonded warehouses.

To the extent possible, total merchandise trade is defined in this report according to the general trade definition. It covers all types of inward and outward movement of goods through a country or territory including movements through customs warehouses and free zones. Goods include all merchandise that either add to or reduce the stock of material resources of a country or territory by entering (imports) or leaving (exports) the country’s economic territory. For further explanations, see United Nations International Trade Statistics, Concepts and Definitions,Series M, N° 52, Revision 2.

Unless otherwise indicated, exports are valued at transaction value, including the cost of transportation and insurance to bring the merchandise to the frontier of the exporting country or territory (f.o.b. valuation). Imports are valued at transaction value plus the cost of transportation and insurance to the frontier of the importing country or territory (c.i.f. valuation).

2. Products All product groups are defined according to Revision 3 of the

Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). The following groupings are used in this report:

A. Primary products

(i) Agricultural products (SITC sections 0, 1, 2 and 4 minus divisions 27 and 28):

- Food: food and live animals; beverages and tobacco; animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes; oilseeds and oleaginous fruit (SITC sections 0, 1, 4 and division 22), of which:

-- Fish (SITC division 03); and -- Other food products and live animals: beverages and

tobacco, animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes; oilseeds and oleaginous fruit (SITC sections 0, 1, 4 and division 22 less division 03).

- Raw materials: hides, skins and furskins, raw; crude rubber (including synthetic and reclaimed); cork and wood; pulp and waste paper; textile fibres and their wastes; crude animal and vegetable materials, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29).

(ii) Fuels and mining products (SITC sections 3 and division 27, 28 and 68):- Ores and other minerals: crude fertilizers (other than those classified in chemicals) and crude minerals; metalliferous ores and metal scrap (SITC divisions 27, 28);

- Fuels (SITC section 3); and - Non-ferrous metals (SITC division 68).

B. Manufactures (SITC sections 5, 6, 7, 8 minus division 68 and group 891):

(i) Iron and steel (SITC division 67). (ii) Chemicals (SITC section 5), of which: - Pharmaceuticals (SITC division 54); and - Other chemicals: organic chemicals (SITC division 51);

plastics (SITC divisions 57, 58); inorganic chemicals (SITC division 52) and other chemicals n.e.s. (SITC divisions 53, 55, 56, 59).

(iii) Other semi-manufactures: leather, leather manufactures, n.e.s., and dressed furskins; rubber manufactures, n.e.s.; cork and wood manufactures (excluding furniture); paper, paperboard and articles of paper pulp, of paper or of paperboard; non-metallic mineral manufactures, n.e.s.; manufactures of metals, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 69).

(iv) Machinery and transport equipment (SITC section 7), of which:

- Office and telecommunications equipment: office machines and automatic data processing machines; telecommunications and sound recording and reproducing apparatus and equipment; thermionic, cold cathode or photo-cathode valves and tubes (SITC divisions 75, 76 and group 776), of which:

-- Electronic data processing and office equipment (SITC division 75);

-- Telecommunications equipment (SITC division 76); and -- Integrated circuits, and electronic components (SITC

group 776). - Transport equipment (SITC group 713, sub-group

7783, groups 78 and 79), of which: -- Automotive products: motor cars and other motor

vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons

(other than public transport type vehicles) including station wagons and racing cars; motor vehicles for the transport of goods and special purpose motor vehicles; road motor vehicles, n.e.s.; parts and accessories of motor vehicles and tractors; internal combustion piston engines for vehicles listed above; electrical equipment, n.e.s., for internal combustion engines and vehicles, and parts thereof (SITC groups 781, 782, 783, 784, and subgroups 7132, 7783); and

-- Other transport equipment: railway vehicles, aircraft, spacecraft, ships and boats, and associated parts and equipment; motorcycles and cycles, motorized and non-motorized; trailers and semi-trailers, other vehicles (not mechanically propelled), and specially designed and equipped transport containers; internal combustion piston engines for aircraft, and parts thereof, n.e.s.; internal combustion piston engines, marine propulsion; internal combustion piston engines, n.e.s.; parts, n.e.s., for internal combustion piston engines listed above (SITC division 79, groups 713, 785, 786 minus sub-group 7132).

- Other machinery (SITC divisions 71, 72, 73, 74, 77 minus groups 713, 776 and minus sub-group 7783), of which:

-- Power generating machinery: power generating machinery and equipment minus internal combustion piston engines and parts thereof, n.e.s. (SITC division 71 minus group 713);

-- Non-electrical machinery: machinery specialized for particular industries; metalworking machinery; general industrial machinery and equipment, n.e.s., and machine parts, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 72, 73, 74); and

-- Electrical machinery: electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances, n.e.s., and electrical parts thereof; minus thermionic, cold cathode or photo-cathode valves and tubes; minus electrical equipment, n.e.s., for internal combustion piston engines and parts thereof, n.e.s. (SITC division 77 minus group 776 and subgroup 7783).

(v) Textiles (SITC division 65).(vi) Clothing (SITC division 84). (vii) Other manufactures, of which:

- Personal and household goods: household articles, travel goods, footwear, instruments and apparatus, photography, optical goods, watches and clocks, and other manufactured articles, n.e.s. (SITC divisions 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89 excluding group 891, arms and ammunition). Of which furniture (SITC division 82), travel goods (SITC division 83), footwear (SITC division 85), and toys and games (SITC group 894);

- Scientific and controlling instruments (SITC division 87); and

- Miscellaneous manufactures (SITC divisions 81, 86, 88, 89 minus group 891).

C. Other products: commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere (including gold); arms and ammunition (SITC section 9 and group 891).

Throughout this report, other food products and live animals; beverages and tobacco; animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes; oilseeds and oleaginous fruit are referred to as other food products; electronic data processing and office equipment is referred to as EDP and office equipment; and integrated circuits and electronic components is referred to as integrated circuits.

3. World trade network The world merchandise trade network by region and product

from which Appendix tables A2 and A10 are derived is based on export data. The network is constructed in the following way:

First, total merchandise exports from each of the seven regions are aggregated from the individual country or territory figures published in Appendix table A6.

Next, the total merchandise exports of each region are distributed by destination and then by product. The regional and commodity breakdown is based on UNSD Comtrade database,EUROSTAT, national statistics and Secretariat estimates.

During this process, the principal adjustments to the figures are as follows:

(i) Exports of ships to the open registry countries Panama and Liberia are re-allocated from each region’s exports to South and Central America and Africa to “unspecified destinations” (a category not shown separately).

(ii) China’s exports are adjusted to approximate their final destination.

(iii) Exports of non-monetary gold, where known, are included. When they cannot be broken down by destination, they are allocated to “unspecified destinations”.

(iv) South Africa’s trade does not include trade with the former Southern African Customs Union members.

4. Merchandise trade of selected major traders by product, region and major trading partner (Appendix tables A11 to A25)

These tables are derived from UNSD Comtrade andEUROSTAT. For trade by product, world totals include shipments which have not been distinguished by origin or destination. For trade by region and partner, world totals include goods which have not been specified by product. The following adjustment has been made to the figures:

Exports of ships to the open registry countries Panama and Liberia are re-allocated from each economy’s exports to South and Central America and Africa to “unspecified destinations” (a category not shown separately).

The selection of each economy’s major trading partners is based on a ranking of total trade (exports plus imports) of each economy with their trading partners in 2004 (member States of the EU (25) are counted as one trading partner).

5. Merchandise trade in balance of payments statistics Merchandise trade statistics together with other basic

statistical systems (such as industrial and transport statistics) provide the foundation for the System of National Accounts (SNA) and the balance of payments (BOP). Merchandise trade statistics are basic to the compilation of the goods account in the balance of payments as structured and defined in the fifth edition of the International Monetary Fund’s Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5).

Goods (merchandise) are defined in the SNA as “physical objects for which a demand exists, over which ownership rights can be established and whose ownership can be transferred from one institutional unit to another by engaging in transactions on markets”. Thus, for the SNA and BOP statistics the recording of transactions should be based on the change of ownership principle.

However, the compilation of international merchandise trade statistics (IMTS) is usually based on customs records which essentially reflect the physical movement of goods across borders, and follow international guidelines on concepts and definitions which do not fully conform to the principles of the SNA and the BPM5.

A number of adjustments has to be made to international merchandise trade statistics before they match the specific requirements of national accounts and balance of payments statistics. For aggregate exports and imports these adjustments are mainly related to coverage, the system of trade, and valuation.

With respect to the coverage of IMTS, transactions in which one or both national boundaries are not crossed (e.g. trade in vessels and aircraft, exports of bunkers, etc.) are not always included in merchandise trade statistics for practical reasons, whereas they should usually be included in BOP statistics.

Also, under BPM5, certain transactions should be excluded from goods and included, at market value, in services; for example, goods under the improvement and repair trade regimeshould be excluded from IMTS, but they are to be included in the goods account at the value of the repair under the BPM5.

Concerning the system of trade, the IMTS guidelines outline the measurement of trade flows on the basis of (1) the special trade system and (2) the general trade system. Under the special trade system, the customs frontier is regarded as the statistical boundary whereas, under the general system of trade, the national frontier is regarded as the statistical boundary. The BPM5 stresses that measurement for BOP compilation should be based on change of ownership rather than on the general trade system or the special trade system. The general trade system appears to be a better approximation for measuring change of ownership because it provides broader coverage and the date of change of ownership may be closer to the date goods cross the national frontier than to the date goods clear through customs.

As far as valuation is concerned, the issue that affects most data comparability concerns the point of valuation, namely, whether goods are valued at the importer’s border - that is at the c.i.f. value - or at the f.o.b. value at the exporter’s border. IMTS guidelines recommend the adoption of the c.i.f. valuation for imports whereas BPM5 requires the f.o.b. valuation. Additional adjustments may be made by BOP compilers to conform to the BPM5 requirement for a market price for valuing trade, processing trade, and with respect to currency conversion.

Once adjusted, merchandise trade is recorded in the goods category of the current account, along with services, income, and current transfers. Therefore, within the balance of payments framework transactions in both goods and services are harmonized and provide for comparable statistical series, as in Table I.9. Strictly speaking, it is not correct to aggregate the figures for commercial services and merchandise shown elsewhere in this report.

It should be noted that some economies still apply the concepts of the fourth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual, and thus do not include goods for processing and goods procured in port carriers in the goods account.

II.2 Trade in commercial services

1. Exports and imports Exports (credits) and imports (debits) of commercial services

are derived from statistics on international service transactions included in the balance of payments statistics, in conformity with the concepts, definitions and classification of the fourth (1977) or fifth (1993) edition of the IMF Balance of Payments Manual.

2. Definition of commercial services In the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual, the

current account is subdivided into goods, services (includinggovernment services, n.i.e.), income (investment income and compensation of employees), and current transfers. The commercial services category in this report is defined as being

equal to services minus government services, n.i.e. Commercial services is further sub-divided into transport, travel, and other commercial services.

Transport covers all transportation services (sea, air and other including land, internal waterway, space and pipeline) that are performed by residents of one economy for those of another, and that involve the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods (freight), rentals (charters) of carriers with crew, and related supporting and auxiliary services.

Travel includes goods and services acquired by personal travellers, for health, education or other purposes, and by business travellers. Unlike other services, travel is not a specific type of service, but an assortment of goods and services consumed by travellers. The most common goods and services covered are lodging, food and beverages, entertainment and transportation (within the economy visited), gifts and souvenirs.

Other commercial services corresponds to the following components defined in BPM5:

(i) communications services (telecommunications, postal and courier services);

(ii) construction services; (iii) insurance services; (iv) financial services;(v) computer and information services (including news

agency services); (vi) royalties and licence fees, covering payments and

receipts for the use of intangible non-financial assets and proprietary rights, such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial processes, and franchises;

(vii) other business services, comprising trade related services, operational leasing (rentals), and miscellaneous business, professional and technical services such as legal, accounting, management consulting, public relations services, advertising, market research and public opinion polling, research and development services, architectural, engineering, and other technical services, agricultural, mining and on-site processing; and

(viii) personal, cultural, and recreational services includingaudiovisual services.

3. Coverage and comparability Although in recent years the coverage and comparability of

services trade data have improved, recorded trade figures still lack comparability across countries and are subject to significant distortions.

First, some countries do not collect statistics for certain service categories. Second, some service transactions are simply not registered. If central bank records are used, situations where no financial intermediaries are employed are not counted. In the case of surveys, the coverage of trading establishments is often incomplete. A particularly serious problem is that services transmitted electronically are frequently unregistered, especially when the transactions take place within multinational corporations. Third, statistics may be reported on a net rather than on a gross basis, often as a result of compensation arrangements such as in rail transport or in communication services. Fourth, the alternate sources used for countries which are not members of the IMF do not necessarily comply with the IMF concepts and definitions. Fifth, misclassification of transactions may lead to an underestimation of commercial services when service transactions are registered as income, transfers or trade in merchandise rather than trade in services or, conversely, to an overestimation of commercial services when transactions pertaining to income, transfers or official transactions are registered in the private service categories.

These distortions may be particularly significant at the detailed level, i.e., for a detailed service category, or for trade in services flows by origin and destination.

The implementation of BPM5 is resulting in an improvement of international data comparability over time. However, given that these improvements are made gradually, they also result in a number of breaks in series. The borderline between goods and services, as well as the borderlines between the components of commercial services differ in BPM4 and BPM5. Examples of such differences are:

(i) most processing transactions are included in the goods account on a gross basis in BPM5, while in BPM4 only the value of the fees paid for processing are included in services;

(ii) goods procured in ports, such as fuels and provisions, are included in goods in BPM5, and in services (transport) in BPM4;

(iii) in BPM4, insurance services are normally measured by the net premiums defined as premiums less claims, while in BPM5, insurance services reflects the “normal” service charge, i.e. administrative services and part of the earnings; the rest of the net premiums or the actual risk premiums is recorded under current transfers or in the financial account in case of life insurance; in addition, freight insurance is part of transport in BPM4, and part of insurance services in BPM5; and

(iv) the expenditure of seasonal and border workers is included in labour income in BPM4, and in travel inBPM5.

4. Intra-trade of the European Union The principal source for trade in commercial services are

the IMF’s Balance-of-Payments statistics. Intra-EU trade figures have been estimated from statistics included in the New Cronos database, August 2005.

II.3 Other definitions and methods

1. Annual changes Throughout this report, average annual percentage changes

are analogous to compound interest rates. In calculating the average annual rate of change between 2000 and 2004, for example, data for calendar year 2000 were taken as the starting point, and data for calendar year 2004 as the end point.

2. Prices Commodity price movements are primarily described by

indices largely based on spot market prices, and therefore exclude transactions governed by longer-term contracts. Price indices for such commodities as food, beverages, agricultural raw materials, minerals, non-ferrous metals, fertilizers and crude petroleum are obtained from IMF International Financial Statistics. Aggregates for all primary commodities and for non-fuel primary commodities are calculated using IMF weights (Appendix table A26).

Export and import prices by commodity group of Germany, Japan and the United States are sourced from national statistics. Aggregates are calculated by weighting the countries’ price indices with the respective export and import values of the previous year (Appendix tables A27 and A28).

3. World merchandise trade indices The volume and unit value indices are taken from a range

of different international and national sources. The reported volume and unit value indices may not always be available for the most recent years or may differ in product coverage from the corresponding value indices.

Aggregation of the indices to obtain a world total is a two-tier process. First, export and import unit values from national and international sources are completed with Secretariat estimates for missing data. They are then aggregated to obtain regional totals. The volume index for each region is obtained by dividing the respective trade value index for each region by the corresponding regional unit value index.

Second, to obtain the total world merchandise volume index, regional unit value indices are aggregated and the world trade value is deflated by the world unit value index. Throughout the aggregation process trade values of the previous year are used as weights.

4. World production Production of agriculture, mining and manufacturing

is defined according to major Divisions 1, 2 and 3 of the International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities Revision 3 (ISIC). World production in these sectors is estimated by combining production indices published by the FAO, OECD, UNIDO and UNSD. The world index is derived through aggregation of the three sectors by using value added shares in 1995 as weights.

5. World gross domestic product World GDP growth is estimated as a weighted average of

economies’ real GDP growth. The weights used are shares of economies in 1995 world nominal GDP converted to dollars at market exchange rates.

The use of official exchange rates which are not market-based for some major economies, together with the fluctuations of the United States dollar vis-à-vis major currencies can have a significant impact on the weighting pattern. The increasing use of weights based on purchasing power parities (PPP) by other international organizations is meant to attenuate “anomalies” linked to these factors. In a period of widely diverging growth rates among countries and regions, the choice of the weighting pattern can have a marked influence on the global growth estimate. For the 2000-2004 period, global growth estimates based on PPP-weights indicate a significantly faster growth than estimates using weights based on GDP data measured at market exchange rates. This is because of differences in the two weighting patterns. Relative to weights based on GDP at market exchange rates, PPP weights are low for the transition economies - especially the successor States of the former USSR with a poor growth record, and high for major developing countries (in particular China) with above average growth.

6. Re-exports Under the system of general trade adopted in this report,

re-exports are included in total merchandise trade (see Section II.1). However, in the case of Hong Kong, China, the magnitude of its re-exports (amounting in 2004 to $ 246 billion), if included in regional or world aggregates, would adversely affect the analytical value of the statistics by introducing a significant element of double counting. Therefore, Hong Kong, China’s re-exports are excluded from the world and from Asia aggregates (unless otherwise indicated); only Hong Kong, China’s domestic exports and retained imports are included in the totals. For this reason, the figures for world exports and for exports of Asia shown in Appendix tables A2 and A10 are smaller than those in Appendix table A6. Since retained imports cannot be identified from imports directly, an approximation is derived by subtracting the value of re-exports from the value of imports. The resulting figure will, however, under-estimate the value of retained imports by the amount of the re-export margin.

III. Specific notes for selected economies

1. Merchandise trade statistics of the European Union Beginning with the 2002 report, EU data compiled according

to national statistical practices have been replaced, starting 1993, with data compiled by Eurostat in accordance with EU legislation. The concepts and definitions adopted by the EU are in line with the United Nations’ International Trade Statistics, Concepts and Definitions, Series M, N° 52, Revision 2. As a result, the conceptual differences between EU member states’ data have been substantially reduced. Moreover, for the EU as a whole, Eurostat data are more timely than the previous source, thus reducing substantially the amount of estimation included in the EU aggregate.

Since January 1993, statistics on the trade between the member States of the EU have been collected through the “Intrastat” system (see GATT 1994, International Trade Trends and Statistics). The coverage of this system, which relies on reports submitted by firms for transactions above a minimum value, is not as wide as the previous one, which was based on customs declarations. This is particularly noticeable on the import side. For example, prior to the adoption of the Intrastat system, reported intra-EU imports (c.i.f.) closely matched reported intra-EU exports (f.o.b.). However, from 1993 onwards, the reported value of intra-EU imports has been on average around 3 per cent lower than the value of intra-EU exports, indicating a substantial under-reporting of intra-EU imports. As a result of this inconsistency, the Secretariat has substituted intra-EU exports data for intra-EU imports at the aggregate EU level when estimating regional and world totals. However, this adjustment is not allocated between EU member countries. Hence, the sum of reported imports of individual EU members does not add to the figure for EU imports as a whole. This adjustment is also reflected in the volume estimates for the EU as a whole.

2. Major breaks in data continuity of merchandise tradeBetween 1995 and 1996 for the Czech Republic, due to

the exclusion of aircrafts and the movements of ships through inward processing zones, as well as the exclusion of temporary exports and imports.

Between 1997 and 1998 for the Russian Federation due to the use of Balance of Payments methodology by GOSKOMSTAT starting 1998.

Between 1994 and 1995 for Ukraine, due to a change in data collection procedures.

Between 1996 and 1997 for the Slovak Republic, and between 1997 and 1998 for Poland, due to the introduction of new arrangements in customs procedures to harmonize with the standards of the European Union.

With respect to the Russian Federation, considerable uncertainty remains about the accuracy of foreign trade statistics, especially as regards imports. A large proportion of the reported data on imports consists of official estimates of inflows of goods which enter the economy without being registered by the customs authorities. Such adjustments to import data accounted for 22 per cent of the officially reported totals in 2004; and, on the export side, for about 1 per cent of total reported exports.

3. Trade in insurance services of the United States In 2003, the United States has revised its methodology for

estimating trade in insurance services. Insurance services were previously measured as premiums

less actual claims paid. According to that approach, only premiums not disbursed for claims measured the output of the insurance service sector. Paid claims simply indicated money flowing through insurance companies to policy holders that

suffered losses. The main inconvenience of this measure was its sharp fluctuation for years in which extreme claims occurred, for example, after the 11 September 2001 attacks or the 1992 Hurricane Andrew.

The new methodology measures insurance services as premiums less normal claims. Normal claims comprise two components: “regularly occurring claims” that are calculated as an average of all claims paid during the previous 6 years, and a share of “catastrophic claims” that is added-on to “regularly occurring claims” in equal increments over the two decades following their event.

As comprehensive data collection on insurance services started in 1986, the first 6-year average of “regularly occurring claims” could only be calculated for 1992. As a result, time series on U.S. trade in insurance services, and consequently on other commercial services, have been revised back to 1992. In comparison with previously published statistics, the values of imports and exports of other commercial services are somewhat lower for the years 1992 through 1998 and significantly higher for the years after.

To complete the 2003 revision, in 2004 the United States added to insurance services an estimate of premium supplements (or income earned on technical reserves of insurance companies). Insurance companies provide financial protection to policy holders through the pooling of risk and provide financial intermediation services through the investment of reserves. The income is treated as accruing to the policy holders who pay it back to the insurers as supplements to premiums to cover the full cost of insurance The investment income of insurance companies is not output in and of itself; it is used to impute the value of the implicit component of insurance services attributable to financial intermediation.

4. Travel exports of Japan In order to enhance the coverage of estimates of travel

exports and imports, the Bank of Japan and the Japanese Ministry of Finance reviewed their compilation methodology, notably by including results from a new expenditure survey of foreign travellers as of 2003. This revision had a major impact on the estimates for travel exports.

In order to maintain consistent growth rates, data shown in this report for Japanese 1995-2002 travel exports and exports of commercial services include provisional Secretariat estimates referring to the new compilation methodology (i.e. after January 2003) applied by the Japanese authorities and therefore they differ from 1995-2002 figures available elsewhere.

5. Trade of other commercial services of IndiaIn 2004, the Reserve Bank of India released new data

following the introduction of a new reporting system to improve the coverage of Indian trade in services statistics (mainly affecting the item other business services).

IV. Statistical sources

Most frequently used sources for statistics are:

EUROSTAT, Comext and New Cronos databasesFAO, Production YearbookFAO, FAOSTAT Agriculture databaseIMF, Balance of Payments Statistics IMF, International Financial StatisticsIMF, World Economic Outlook databaseOECD, Main Economic IndicatorsOECD, Monthly Statistics of International Trade

OECD, National AccountsOECD/IEA, Energy Prices & TaxesUNECE, Economic Survey of EuropeUNECLAC, Overview of the Economies of Latin America andthe Caribbean UNIDO, National Accounts Statistics DatabaseUNSD, Comtrade database (sourced through OECD for its member States)UNSD, International Trade Statistics YearbookUNSD, Monthly Bulletin of StatisticsWorld Bank, World Development Indicators

These sources are supplemented by national publications and Secretariat estimates.

Figures for total merchandise trade are largely derived from IMF, International Financial Statistics. Data on merchandise trade by origin, destination and product are obtained mainly from Eurostat and the UNSD Comtrade database. Some inconsistencies in the aggregate export and import data for the same country or territory between the two sources are inevitable. These can be attributed to the use of different systems of recording trade, to the way in which IMF and UNSD have converted data expressed in national currencies into dollars, and revisions which can be more readily incorporated in the IMF data.

Statistics on trade in commercial services are mainly drawn from the IMF Balance of Payments Statistics. For economies that do not report to the IMF (e.g., Macao, China; and Taipei, Chinese) data are drawn from national sources. Estimations for missing data are mainly based on national statistics. Statistics on trade in commercial services by origin and destination (Tables III.6 and III.7) are also derived from national statistics.

GDP series in current dollars are mainly derived from the World Bank World Development Indicators, supplemented in some cases with statistics from the IMF World Economic Outlook database.

Acknowledgements are due to the Food and Agriculture Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the United Nations Statistics Division, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the World Bank whose assistance in supplying advance information has greatly facilitated the work of the Secretariat. Acknowledgements are also due to national institutions for providing advance statistics.

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