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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
2013 5th International Conference on
Graphic and Image Processing (ICGIP 2013)
Oct. 26-27, 2013
Workshops
2013 2nd International Conference on Software and Intelligent Information (ICSII 2013)
2013 2nd International Conference on Information and Digital Engineering (ICIDE 2013)
2013 5th International Conference on Computer Technology and Development (ICCTD 2013)
2013 2nd International Conference on Software and Information Management (ICSIM 2013)
2013 2nd International Conference on Computational Chemistry and Biology (ICCCB 2013)
2013 2nd International Conference on Future Bioengineering (ICFB 2013)
2013 2nd International Conference on Life Science and Engineering (ICLSE 2013)
2013 4th Journal Conference on Environmental Science and Development (JCESD 2013)
Regal Riverside Hotel
34-36 Tai Chung Kiu Road, Shatin, Hong Kong
Tel. (852) 2649 7878
Email: rrh.info@regalhotel.com
Sponsored By
The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Welcome to ICGIP 2013 in Hong Kong Oct. 26-27, 2013
Dear Distinguished Delegates, Welcome to ICGIP 2013 Conferences in Hong Kong, with its workshops. ICGIP 2013 is co-sponsored by IACSIT, CBEES and IACSIT Press. We’re confident that over the two days you’ll get the theoretical grounding, practical knowledge, and personal contacts that will help you build long-term, profitable and sustainable communication among researchers and practitioners working in a wide variety of scientific areas with a common interest in computer science, biological science and life science. After more than half a year’s preparation, we finally will have those conferences to be held in Hong Kong, Oct. 26-27, 2013. For all the conferences, we had received over 800 submissions, 180 excellent papers were accepted and published finally. Congratulations for those papers. On behalf of IACSIT, CBEES and IACSIT Press and all the conferences committee, I would like to thank all the authors as well as the Program Committee members and reviewers. Their high competence, their enthusiasm, their time and expertise knowledge, enabled us to prepare the high-quality final program and helped to make the conference became a successful event. Once again, thanks for coming to ICGIP 2013 with its workshops, we are delegate to higher and better international conference experiences. We will sincerely listen to any suggestion and comment; we are looking forward to meeting you next time.
Yours Sincerely Ms. Sophie Tsang Director of Conference Department II, IACSIT
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
ANNOUNCEMENT
*ICGIP 2013 conference papers were selected and published by SPIE Digital Library, which will be included in the SPIE Digital Library, and indexed by Ei Compendex and Thomson ISI. The paper will be online firstly; proceeding will be posted after the conference. *ICSII 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the volume of JIII (ISSN: 2301-3745), authors will get the journal onsite. *ICIDE 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the volume of IJIMT (ISSN: 2010-0248), authors will get the journal onsite. *ICCTD 2013 conference papers will be published in ASME, which will be included in the ASME Digital Library, and indexed by the Ei Compendex, ISI Proceeding and other indexing services. The paper will be online firstly; proceeding will be posted after the conference. *ICSIM 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the volume of LNSE (ISSN: 2301-3559), authors will get the journal onsite. *ICCCB 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the volume of IJCEA (ISSN: 2010-0221), authors will get the journal onsite. *ICFB 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the APCBEE Procedia (Journal under Elsevier, ISSN: 2212-6708), authors will get the journal onsite. *ICLSE 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the volume of JOLST (ISSN: 2301-3672), authors will get the journal onsite. *JCESD 2013 conference papers were selected and published in the volume of IJESD (ISSN: 2010-0264), authors will get the journal onsite. *One best presentation will be selected from each session, the best one will be announced and award the certificate at the end of each session.
IACSIT Publication committee
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Instructions for Oral Workshop Devices Provided by the Conference Organizer:
Laptops (with MS-Office & Adobe Reader)
Projectors & Screen
Laser Sticks
Materials Provided by the Presenters:
PowerPoint or PDF files
Duration of Each Presentation:
Regular Oral Session: about 13 Minutes of Presentation including Q&A.
Keynote Speech: 40 Minutes of Presentation including Q&A.
About Dress Code
All participants are required to dress formally, casual wear is unacceptable.
National formal dress is acceptable.
Conference Schedule
Day 1, Saturday, October 26, 2013 – Onsite Registration Only
Registration: Hotel Lobby
10:00am-12:00am13:30pm-17:00pm
Arrival, Registration and Conference materials collection **Certificate for Participation can be collected at the registration counter**
Day 2, Sunday, October 27, 2013 – Presentation Day
4
5
Morning Session
Room 1 08:45am-10:15am Plenary Speech: ICCEA 2013
Plenary Photo: ICCEA 2013
10:30am-12:30pm ICCEA 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 1
Room 2 08:45am-10:30am
Plenary Speech: ICCSS 2013+ICSIA 2013
Plenary Photo: ICCSS 2013+ICSIA 2013
10:45am-12:30pm Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 4
Lunch 12:30pm-13:20pm
Afternoon 13:30pm-18:30pm
8:30am-8:45am
8:45am-9:25am
Opening Remarks:
All participants
Keynote Speech 1:
All participants
Room 1
9:25am-9:35am
Photo Taking:
All participants
& Room Changing:
JCESD 2013
CBEES Confs.
9:35am-10:15am Keynote Speech 2:
IACSIT Confs.
Keynote Speech 5:
JCESD 2013
CBEES Confs.
Photo Taking
Room 3
10:15am-10:30amm
Coffee Breaks: All participants
10:30am-11:10am Keynote Speech 3:
IACSIT Confs.
Room 1
Authors’ Oral Presentation:
ICFB 2013
&
ICCCB 2013
Room 3
11:10am-11:50am Keynote Speech 4:
IACSIT Confs.
10:30-12:30amm
11:50am-11:55am Photo Taking:
IACSIT Confs.
12:30pm-13:30pm
Lunch: All participants
Day 2: Oct 27, 2013
Simple Version Morning Session
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Day 2: Oct 27, 2013
Afternoon --- Authors’ Presentation 13:30pm-19:00pm
Room 1 Room 2 Room 3 Room 4
Session 2:
ICGIP 2013
Session 3:
ICSII+ICIDE 2013
Session 4:
ICGIP 2013
Session 5:
ICGIP 2013
Session 6:
ICLSE 2013
Session 7:
JCESD 2013
Session 8:
ICSIM+ICCTD2013
Session 9:
ICGIP 2013
12:30am-13:30am Lunch (L’eau Restaurant)
19:00pm - 20:00pm Dinner (Shing Mun Room)
Full Schedule:
Room 1+Room 2
Plenary Speech+ Plenary Photo 08:30am-12:30am
Morning
08:30am-08:45am
Opening Remarks:
Prof. Wang Yulin,
International School of Software, Wuhan University, China
08:45am-09:25am
Keynote Speech 1:
Prof. David Zhang
Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
09:25am-09:35 am
Photo Taking:
All participants
Room Changing:
JCESD 2013&CBEES Confs.
09:35am-10:15 am
Keynote Speech 2:
Prof. Chin-Chen Chang
Feng Chia University,Taiwan
10:15am-10:30am Coffee Break
Morning
10:30am-11:10 am
Keynote Speech 3:
Prof. Ming Yang
Southern Polytechnic State University, USA
11:10am-11:50 am
Keynote Speech 4:
Prof. Xudong Jiang
Nanyang Technological University
11:50am-11:55 am Photo Taking: IACSIT Confs.
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Room 3
Plenary Speech+ Plenary Photo 09:35am-12:30am
Morning 09:35am-10:15 am
Keynote Speech 5:
(JCESD 2013 & CBEES Confs.)
Asso. Prof. Jun F. (James) Liang
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
Speech Topic: "Biomaterials Associated Infections: An Emerging Challenges for Life Scientists and Engineers"
Photo Taking: JCESD 2013 & CBEES Confs.
10:15am-10:30am Coffee Break
Morning Session ICFB 2013 & ICCCB 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 1(10:30am-12:30am)
Session Chair: Prof. KUO-YUAN HWA National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan
F0001
Docking of Potent Anticancer Agents; 4-(Pyrazol-4yl)-pyrimidine Derivatives as
Selective Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors
Akrimah, Daryono Hadi Tjahyono and Amir Musadad
Sriwijaya University, Pharmacy Department
Abstract—Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are regulatory protein kinases which involved in
cell cycle control. Many CDK inhibitors have been studied for anticancer potential. Here we
conducteda docking studyof 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)-pyrimidine derivatives as CDK1/2 and CDK4/6
inhibitors. Selectivity is an important aspect regarding the anticancer effect. In this
computational research, we analyzed the interactionof 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)-pyrimidine derivatives
with their receptors, CDK4/6 and CDK2. We compared the docking result of the parent
compound, the most selective, and the least selective compound. Docking of the three
compounds wasperformed using software Arguslab CDK 4.0.1 to assess the interaction
withthereceptors.Three docking parameters were analyzed; Gibbs free energy(∆G), atoms and
residue of receptor involved in hydrogen bonding, and the bonding length. All three
compounds had value of ΔG <0, indicated that the interaction between the ligand and receptor
was spontaneous. However, none of these parameters and descriptors values could explain the
selectivity order of the three compounds.
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Index Terms—Anticancer, CDK inhibitor, computational chemistry, docking, pyrazolo
pyrimidine derivatives.
F0003
Binding Mode Study of β-glucosidase B from P. Polymyxca with Cellobiose and
Laminaribiose
Nur Shima Fadhilah Mazlan and Nurul Bahiyah Ahmad Khairudin
Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Abstract—Beta-glucosidase (3.2.1.21) plays an essential role in the removal of non-reducing
terminal glucosyl residues from sacharides and glycosides. Recently, beta-glucosidase has
been of interest for biomass conversion that acts in synergy with two other enzymes,
endo-glucanase and exo-glucanase. However, there is not much information regarding the
molecular interactions of beta-glucosidase with cellobiose. Thus, this study reports on the
binding modes between beta-glucosidase from glycoside hydrolase family 1 namely BglB
with cellobiose and laminaribiose via molecular docking method. Further analysis on the
hydrophobic interactions revealed the key residues involved in forming hydrogen bonds
(h-bond) with the substrates. The important residues were reported to be Gln22, Glu167,
Tyr298, Glu356, Glu402, and Trp410. These findings may provide valuable insigths in
designing beta-glucosidase with higher cellulose-hydrolyzing efficiency.
Index Terms—β-glucosidase, molecular docking, enzymatic hydrolysis
F1001
Growth Response of Brassica RAPA on the Different Wavelength of Light
Liwayway H. Acero
SAN BEDA COLLEGE, MANILA PHILIPPINES
Abstract—This study was done to determine what wavelengths of light affects the vegetative
growth of Brassica rapa grown in pots in urban area. Quasi-experimental method was used in
this study. Brassica rapa seedlings were exposed to different colors of light (white blue green,
yellow and red) eight hours in the evening for two weeks of vegetative growth. The leaf size,
number and color of leaves were monitored. Data was analyzed using ANOVA-single
factorial. Result of the study revealed that plants exposed to white color gave the highest
length, width and average number of leaves after fourteen days, followed by plants in
treatment 3 (green light), treatment 2 (blue light), treatment 4 (yellow light), the least in
treatment 5 (red light). Base on the result of the study white colored fluorescent bulb is
recommended as supplementary lighting to Brassica rapa grown in pots in urban areas.
Index Terms—Brassica rapa, growth response, wavelength of light
A001
Bacterial Degradation of Microcystins within a Biologically Active Sand Filter
TheerasakSomdee and AnchanaSomdee
Khonkaen University
Abstract—A bacterium, Novosphingobium sp. KKU03 previously demonstrated to degrade
the cyanobacterial toxin, microcystins (MCs), was investigated for the removal of MCs
through the slow sand filter. In this study, biological sand filtration was assessed in PVC
column experiment for its ability to remove MCs ([Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR). Degradation
of MCs was observed with inoculated (6x108 CFU/ml) treatment of water dosed with both
MCs (completed degradation within 7 days) compared to uninoculated control. Polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) specifically targeting amplification of 16S rRNA gene of
Novosphingobium sp. KKU03 was applied to monitor the presence of the bacterium in
experimental trials. PCR products indicative of an endemic bacterial population were
observed at all sample sites through the column where MCs degradation was measured,
indicating this bacterial isolate was active in degradation of MCs.
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Index Terms—Novosphingobium sp., microcystins, biological sand filtration
A0002
Does Common Standard Brain Template Standardize for All Brains Regardless the
Different of Age, Gender and Culture?
Nor SaradatulAkmarZulkifli, MohdFauzi Bin Othman, NurulFazrena Kamal
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Abstract—In functional brain imaging studies, especially when adjusting the functional image
to define a standard brain, it is essential to describe the brain images obtained from different
subjects using the same coordinate system. Across the years, studies have been conducted to
develop a standard brain template that is compatible to different population although the
human brain is highly different in shape and size between individuals and basic demographic
factors. The Korean standard brain template was the early Eastern template developed and
shows the difference between Eastern and Western brains. Compared to MNI and Talairach
atlas, Korean brain template was shorter in anterior-posterior length. In Singapore, neonates’
brain template for multiple races was developed, where brain of the Indian neonates more
elongated than Malay neonates. The latest study on 1,000 Chinese subjects has developed 10
new Chinese brain atlases comprising different ages and gender. Via these researches, it is
proved that standard brain template could be different across age, culture and gender. In this
review paper, the scenario of the standard brain templates development is briefly discussed,
followed by the comparison of results obtained from previous study.
Index Terms—Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging(fMRI), Standard Brain Template,
Neuroimaging, Western People, Eastern People
A006
Acrylic-based Stereolithographic Resins: Effect of Scaffold Architectures on Biological
Response SomruethaiChannasanon, PakkanunKaewkong, PaweenaUppanan and SiripornTanodekaew
National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC)
Abstract—Stereolithography (SL), one of rapid prototyping techniques, has many advantages
over other methods in fabrication of three dimensional objects, particularly those used in
biomedical fields. Various complex medical objects, especially scaffold, can be precisely
custom-constructed using this technique. This research aims to evaluate the effect of different
scaffold architectures, fabricated with photosensitive liquid polymer using SL technique, on
cell responses in terms of cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. A variety
of difunctional and trifunctional (meth)acrylate resin formulations were evaluated for
mechanical strength by three-point bending using Universal Testing Machine. Volume
shrinkage for each formulation was also investigated. The most promising resin composition
for stereolithography technique that exhibited good mechanical strength and low shrinkage
was chosen for scaffold fabrication. Five scaffold architectures with different percentages of
porosity, designed by computer-aided design program (CAD), were successfully fabricated to
microscale scaffolds using stereolithography apparatus equipped with UV laser source.
Microscale images of stereolithographic-fabricated scaffolds were observed under a scanning
electron microscope (SEM). Alamar blue and alkaline phosphatase assays were used to
investigate biological responses of scaffolds. The results revealed that no significant
difference in cell proliferation for all patterns after 21-day culture period whereas a lower
porous scaffold exhibited a greater ALP activity.
Index Terms—stereolithographic resin, scaffold architectures, biological response
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A1009
Preparation and Kinetic Study of Rhizopusoryzae Whole-cell as Biocatalyst for
Biodiesel Synthesis through Non-alcohol Route
Hermansyah H., Faiz M. B., Arbianti R., Utami T. S., Yopi
Universitas Indonesia
Abstract—Direct use of lipase producing whole-cell as biocatalyst for biodiesel synthesis
gain extensively attention since it could reduce the catalyst cost. Whole-cell of
Rhizopusoryzaewas cultivated by single-step and two-stepmethod. At reaction time of 48 h,
the single-step cultivated whole-cell produced23% FAME yield. It is higher comparable with
the two-step cultivated whole-cell with 19% FAME yield.Kinetic model based
Michaelis-Mentenmechanism was found to fit fairly the substrate and product concentration
profileof experimental result.Km and Vmaxvalue for R. oryzaewhole-cell are 3mole L-1, 0.09
mole L-1 h-1(one-step) and 3 mole L-1, 0.065mol L-1 h-1 (two-step).
Index Terms— Biodiesel, Michaelis-Menten, Whole-cell
A1011
Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Lipase Production by Isolated
Lipase-Producing Soil Yeast
ThanagritBoonchaidung,ThidaratPapone, RatanapornLeesing
KhonKaen University
Abstract—Microbial lipase can be applied in many industrial, such as detergent formulation,
fat and oil degradation, pharmaceutical synthesis, cosmetics production and biodiesel
preparation. Increasing in demand for lipase, increasing attention has been focused to how to
produce it efficiently and economically. In this work, the effect of carbon and nitrogen
sources and pH on lipase production by isolated soil yeast Candida sp. KKU-PH2-15 was
investigated by shaking flask batch culture. The maximum biomass of 18.77g/L was obtained
using glucose and palm oil as carbon source and inducer, yeast extract as nitrogen source at
pH 6.0, 120 rpm, and 30◦C for 60h of cultivation time. The highest extracellular lipase
activity of lipase-producing yeast isolate wasachieved at 1.2 U/mL with specific activity of
0.65U/mg.
Index Terms—Lipase-producing yeaset, lipase, microbial lipase
A008
Comparative Study of Intelligent Soft-sensors for Bioprocess State Estimation
RimvydasSimutis, VytautasGalvanauskas, DonatasLevisauskas, JolantaRepsyte,
VygandasVaitkus
Kaunas University of Technology, Process Control Department, Studentu 50-153
Abstract—In this article, application of soft-sensors for indirect determination of biomass and
product concentration in a complex fed-batch biotechnological process is discussed. Three
advanced techniques for soft-sensor design were investigated: feed-forward artificial neural
networks, support vector regression model, and relevance vector regression model. Glucose
/lactose feed rates and oxygen uptake rate along with its integrated quantity were used as
direct reference measurements for estimation. Estimation quality of analyzed soft-sensors was
tested using data generated by mechanistic process model. All three analyzed estimation
techniques provided very similar estimation results from statistical point of view; nevertheless
employment of regression models has some advantage because of its simplicity. Based on
that, recommendations for application of the elaborated soft-sensors are given.
Index Terms—state estimation, biomass and product concentrations, artificial neural
networks, support vector regression, relevance vector regression
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A1012
Isolation of Ascomycetous Fungi, Neosartorya spp. and Screening for Its Antibacterial
Metabolites
WareeratSanmanoch, WiyadaMongkolthanaruk, SomdejKanokmedhakul,
Tadanori Aimi and SophonBoonlue
KhonKaen University
Abstract—The aim of the present study was to identify ascomycetous fungi (Neosartorya
spp.) and examined the antibacterial activities of crude mycelium extracted by ethyl acetate
from these fungal genera. Among 10 ascomycetous fungal isolates, Neosartorya sp., were
screened from soil and showed a broader antimicrobial spectrum than the other. Especially,
fungal strain KKU-1NK1 showed strongly antibacterial activities. This fungal strain was
belonging to Neosartoryaspinosa which was identified using 5.8S rRNA gene sequencing
analysis. The results revealed that the growth of clinical isolates of gram-positive pathogenic
bacteria (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusDMST 20654, Staphylococcus aureus
ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus saprophyticus ATCC 15305, Streptococcus pneumonia DMST
15319 andBacillus subtilis ATCC 6633) was well inhibited by crude mycelial extracted
fromN. spinosa KKU-1NK1 at concentrations values of 10 mg/ml. Moreover, the effects of
submerge culture media variation on mycelia growth which affected to total production of
bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity by N. spinosa KKU-1NK1 was observed.
Index Terms—ascomycetes, crude mycerial, antimicrobial compounds
A0006
Electrical Energy Production Through Microbial Fuel Cell Using Industrial Wastewater
Fisheries
Mujtahid Alfajri, Nilam Puspa Ruspatti , Andri Bagus Arianto , Rika Lestari
Bogor Agricultural University
Abstract—Electrical energy demand in Indonesia has increasing, that makes there are
researches about innovative technologies that more effective, efficient, and green
environment. The research focused on the utilization of fishery waste water that produce
liquid and solid waste in large quantities which potentially contaminate the environment. One
way to utilize waste from fisheries could be done with MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell). MFC
(Microbial Fuel Cells) is an energy conversion technology in the form of a mixture of organic
chemical into electrical energy by the catalytic reaction continues to penetrate the
microorganisms. Variations performed by the addition of bacteria with different treatment.
The treatments are without the addition of bacteria, the addition of as much as 1 ml of
bacteria, 2 ml of bacteria, 3 ml of bacteria, and 4 ml of bacteria. The electricity values
obtained through observations during 5 days is 0.18 volts (without the addition of bacteria),
0.0246 volts (1 ml bacteria), 0.23 volts (2 ml bacteria), 0.0826 volts (3 ml bacteria), 0.131
volts (4 ml bacteria). The greatest electricity value generated by the addition of 2 ml of
bacteria. Further research in the use of waste as a substrate of the fishery industry in the MFC
system can reduce cost of MFC operating system, MFC as well as making electricity
producing technologies that are economical, green environment, and sustainable.
Index Terms—Electricity, liquid waste of fisheries, Microbial Fuel Cell
12:30am-13:30am Lunch (L’eau Restaurant)
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Room 1
Afternoon Session ICGIP 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 2(13:30pm-16:00pm)
Session Chair: Prof. Tuan D. Pham The University of Aizu, Japan
IP0007
A Study of Extraction of Petal Region on Flower Picture using HSV Color Information
Yoshio Yanagihara and Ryo Nakayama
Ehime University, Japan
Abstract—It is one of useful and interesting applications to discriminate the kind of the
flower or recognize the name of the flower, as example of retrieving flower database. As its
contour line of the petal region of flower is useful for such problems, it is important to extract
the precise region of the petal of a flower picture. In this paper, the method which extracts
petal regions on a flower picture using HSV color information is proposed, such to
discriminate the kind of the flower. The experiments show that the proposed method can
extract petal regions at the success rate of about 90%, which is thought to be satisfied. In
detail, the success rates of one-colored flower, plural-colored flower, and white flower are
about 98%, 85%, and 83%, respectively.
Index Terms—HSV color space, petal region, region extraction, image processing
IP0010
Mammographic Mass Detection Based on Extended Concentric Morphology Model
Yanfeng Li and Houjin Chen
Beijing Jiaotong University, China
Abstract—Breast cancer occurs with high frequency among women. In most cases, the main
early signs appear as mass and calcification. Distinguishing masses from normal tissues is
still a challenging work as mass varies with shapes, margins and sizes. In this paper, a novel
method for mass detection in mammograms was presented. First, morphology operators are
employed to locate mass candidates. Then anisotropic diffusion was applied to make mass
region display better multiple concentric layers (MCL). Finally an extended concentric
morphology model (ECMM) criterion combining MCL criterion and template matching was
proposed to detect masses. This method was examined on 170 images from Digital Database
for Screening Mammography (DDSM) database. The detection rate is 93.92% at 1.88 false
positives per image (FPs/I), demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Index Terms—Anisotropic diffusion, ECMM, mammogram, mass detection, template
matching
IP0011
Smoke Detection Using GLCM, Wavelet, and Motion
Teerasak Srisuwan and Miti Ruchanurucks
Electrical Engineering, Kasetsart University, Thailand
Abstract—This paper presents a supervised smoke detection method that uses local and
global features. This framework integrates and extends notions of many previous works to
generate a new comprehensive method. First chrominance detection is used to screen areas
that are suspected to be smoke. For these areas, local features are then extracted. The features
are among homogeneity of Gray Level Co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) and energy of
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
wavelet. Then, global feature of motion of the smoke-color areas are extracted using a
space-time analysis scheme. Finally these features are used to train an artificial intelligent.
Here we use neural network, experiment compares importance of each feature. Hence, we can
really know which features among those used by many previous works are really useful. The
proposed method outperforms many of the current methods in the sense of correctness, and it
does so in a reasonable computation time. It even has less limitation than conventional smoke
sensors when used in open space. Best method for the experimental results is to use all the
mentioned features as expected, to insure which is the best experiment result can be achieved.
The experiment indices used to indicate accuracy is true positive and false positive values.
The achieved with high accuracy of result expected output is high value of true positive and
low value of false positive, the show that our algorithm has good robustness for smoke
detection.
Index Terms—Image processing, smoke detection, GLCM, wavelet, motion
IP0014
Realistic Facial Animation Generation Based on Facial Expression Mapping Hui Yu, Oliver Garrod, Rachael Jack and Phlippe Schyns
University of Portsmouth, The United Kingdom
Abstract—Facial expressions reflect internal emotional states of a character or in response to
social communications. Though much effort has been taken to generate realistic facial
expressions, it still remains a challenging topic due to human being’s sensitivity to subtle
facial movements. In this paper, we present a method for facial animation generation, which
reflects true facial muscle movements with high fidelity. An intermediate model space is
introduced to transfer captured static AU peak frames based on FACS to the conformed target
face. And then dynamic parameters derived using a psychophysics method is integrated to
generate facial animation, which is assumed to represent natural correlation of multiple AUs.
Finally, the animation sequence in the intermediate model space is mapped to the target face
to produce final animation.
Index Terms—Facial animation, FACS, deviation transfer, facial expression mapping
IP0017
A Robust and Fast Line Segment Detector based on Top-down Smaller Eigenvalue
Analysis
Dong Liu, Yongtao Wang, Zhi Tang and Xiaoqing Lu
Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Peking University, China
Abstract—In this paper, we propose a robust and fast line segment detector, which achieves
accurate results with a controlled number of false detections and requires no parameter
tuning. It consists of three steps: first, we propose a novel edge point chaining method to
extract Canny edge segments (i.e., contiguous chains of Canny edge points) from the input
image; second, we propose a top-down scheme based on smaller eigenvalue analysis to
extract line segments within each obtained edge segment; third, we employ Desolneux et al.’s
method to reject false detections. Experiments demonstrate that it is very efficient and more
robust than two state of the art methods—LSD and EDLines.
Index Terms—line segment detection, smaller eigenvalue analysis, straightness criterion,
top-down scheme.
IP0019
Elastic Cone for Chinese Calligraphy Fenglei Cai and Haisheng Li
East China Normal University, China
Abstract—The brush plays an important role in creating Chinese calligraphy. We regard a
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
single bristle of a writing brush as an elastic rod and the brush tuft absorbing ink as an elastic
cone, which naturally deforms according to the force exerted on it when painting on a paper,
and the brush footprint is formed by the intersection region between the deformed tuft and the
paper plane. To efficiently generate brush strokes, this paper introduces interpolation and
texture mapping approach between two adjacent footprints, and automatically applies
bristle-splitting texture to the stroke after long-time painting. Experimental results
demonstrate that our method is effective and reliable. Users can create realistic calligraphy in
real time.
Index Terms—Chinese calligraphy, brush tuft, elastic cone, texture mapping
IP0020
Simulation of Ink Diffusion on Xuan Paper
Dongyun Fan and Haisheng Li
East China Normal University, China
Abstract—The ink diffusion on Xuan paper is essentially a particle diffusion process, and the
diffusion result is mainly determined by paper structure and ink attributes. This paper
introduces weighting fiber structure to model the Xuan paper, which regards the paper fiber as
the hindrance to ink diffusion. Based on the paper model, we present a novel simulation
method of ink diffusion using the diffusion equation with variable coefficient. The diffusion
coefficient consists of several factors including the fiber’s weights and the ink quantity in the
current diffusion location. To efficiently solve the ink diffusion equation, we also propose a
new implicit difference method with high accuracy and linear time complexity. Compared
with the previous similar methods, our method is able to describe the spontaneous gray
evolution and generate a more natural diffusion boundary. The experimental results
demonstrate that our approach can realistically simulate different diffusion effects on different
kinds of Xuan paper.
Index Terms—Ink diffusion, Xuan paper, Weighting fiber structure, Diffusion equation with
variable coefficient.
IP0023
Edge-Preserving Smoothing for Image Decomposition via a Hybrid Approach
Yang Wang, Hongzhi Liu and Zhonghai Wu
Peking University, China
Abstract—Edge-preserving smoothing is crucial for image decomposition to extract the base
layer. However, current methods fail to smooth high-contrast details or preserve thin edges
due to their single criterion for distinguishing edges and details. In this paper, we present a
hybrid definition for salient edges using two properties: intensity amplitude and oscillations
density. Based on this definition, we propose an edge-preserving image smoothing algorithm.
Firstly local extrema of the input image are located. Then these extrema points are classified
into edge or detail points by the two properties. Thirdly, max and min envelops are obtained
by an optimizing process with edge points as constrains. Lastly, the smoothing result is
obtained by an averaging operation. Experimental results show that the proposed method can
preserve salient step edges while smoothing high-contrast details and is useful in many
applications such as image enhancement and hatch-to-tone mapping.
Index Terms—Image decomposition, edge-preserving smoothing, local extrema, intensity
amplitude, oscillations density.
IP0024
Local Spatial Binary Pattern: A New Feature Descriptor for Content-Based Image
Retrieval
Yu Xia, Shouhong Wan and Lihua Yue
University of Science and Technology of China, China
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Abstract—In this paper, we propose a novel image retrieval algorithm using local spatial
binary patterns (LSBP) for content-based image retrieval. The traditional local binary pattern
(LBP) encodes the relationship between the referenced pixel and its surrounding neighbors by
calculating gray-level difference, but LBP lacks the spatial distribution information of texture
direction. The proposed method encodes spatial relationship of the referenced pixel and its
neighbors, based on the gray-level variation patterns of the horizontal, vertical and oblique
directions. Additionally, variation between center pixel and its surrounding neighbors is
calculated to reflect the magnitude information of the whole image. We compare our method
with LBP, uniform LBP (ULBP), completed LBP (CLBP), local ternary pattern (LTP) and
local tetra patterns (LTrP) based on three benchmark image databases including, Brodatz
texture database(DB1), Corel database(DB2), and MIT VisTex database(DB3). Experiment
analysis shows that the proposed method improves the retrieval results from 70.49%/41.30%
to 73.26%/46.26% in terms of average precision/average recall on database DB2, from
79.02% to 85.92% and 82.14% to 90.88% in terms of average precision on databases DB1
and DB3, respectively, as compared with the traditional LBP.
Index Terms—Content-based image retrieval (CBIR), local binary pattern (LBP), local
spatial binary pattern (LSBP), texture analysis.
IP0026
Hepatic Vessel Segmentation from Computed Tomography Using Three-dimensional
Hyper-complex Edge Detection Operator
Yang Ma and Xingmin Li
South China Normal University, China
Abstract—This paper proposes a three-dimensional (3D) segmentation algorithm using
hyper-complex edge detection operator and applies the new algorithm to three-dimensional
hepatic vessel segmentation from computed tomography (CT) volumetric data. A 3D
hyper-complex edge detection operator is constructed by combining octonion and gradient
operator. We replace every voxel of the volumetric data by one octonion which consist of its
gray-level and its 6 neighborhoods' gray-level. Via this the original volumetric data is defined
as octonion volumetric data. Similar to the Sobel operator, there are three principal directions
(coordinate axes) in 3D hyper-complex edge detection operator, and each element in this
operator is a octonion. The operator is circularly convoluted with octonion volumetric data to
get the value of matching response. If matched, this voxel is the edge of vessel. Experimental
results show that the algorithm can effectively segment small vascular tree branches.
Index Terms—3D segmentation, edge detection, CT images, liver vessel segmentation.
IP0027
Automatic Spatiotemporal Matching of Detected Pleural Thickenings
Kraisorn Chaisaowong, Simon Kai Keller and Thomas Kraus
Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
Abstract—Pleural thickenings can be found in asbestos exposed patient’s lung. Non-invasive
diagnosis including CT imaging can detect aggressive malignant pleural mesothelioma in its
early stage. In order to create a quantitative documentation of automatic detected pleural
thickenings over time, the differences in volume and thickness of the detected thickenings
have to be calculated. Physicians usually estimate the change of each thickening via visual
comparison which provides neither quantitative nor qualitative measures. In this work,
automatic spatiotemporal matching techniques of the detected pleural thickenings at two
points of time based on the semi-automatic registration have been developed, implemented,
and tested so that the same thickening can be compared fully automatically. As result, the
application of the mapping technique using the principal components analysis turns out to be
advantageous than the feature-based mapping using centroid and mean Hounsfield Units of
each thickening, since the resulting sensitivity was improved to 98.46% from 42.19%, while
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the accuracy of feature-based mapping is only slightly higher (84.38% to 76.19%).
Index Terms—CT, pleural thickening, spatiotemporal matching, principal components
analysis, feature-based mapping.
IP0029
Edge-guided Filtering Scheme for Decomposition-based Tone Mapping
Xuebiao Wu, Zhuo Su1 and Xiaonan Luo
Sun Yat-sen University, China
Abstract—This paper presents a novel edge-guided filtering scheme for decomposition-based
tone mapping, whose superiority is to prevent two major defects in filter-driven multi-scale
decomposition: halo artifact and over-smoothing distortion. First, we calculate an
edge-preserving smoothing by gradient domain reconstruction with given edges. Then we
apply this output in high dynamic range tone mapping to address aforementioned problems.
At last, some experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our
method in producing high-quality low dynamic range outputs.
Index Terms—Tone mapping, image decomposition, edge-preserving smoothing, gradient
reconstruction.
IP0031
Image Segmentation Using Random Features
Geoff Bull, Junbin Gao and Michael Antolovich
Charles Sturt University, Australia
Abstract—This paper presents a novel algorithm for selecting random features via
compressed sensing to improve the performance of Normalized Cuts in image segmentation.
Normalized Cuts is a clustering algorithm that has been widely applied to segmenting images,
using features such as brightness, intervening contours and Gabor filter responses. Some
drawbacks of Normalized Cuts are that computation times and memory usage can be
excessive, and the obtained segmentations are often poor. This paper addresses the need to
improve the processing time of Normalized Cuts while improving the segmentations. A
significant proportion of the time in calculating Normalized Cuts is spent computing an
affinity matrix. A new algorithm has been developed that selects random features using
compressed sensing techniques to reduce the computation needed for the affinity matrix. The
new algorithm, when compared to the standard implementation of Normalized Cuts for
segmenting images from the BSDS500, produces better segmentations in significantly less
time.
Index Terms—compressed sensing, image segmentation, normalized cuts, random
projections.
16:00am-16:10pm Coffee Break
Afternoon Session ICSII 2013 & ICIDE 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 3(16:10pm-19:00pm)
Session Chair: Will be given soon
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I0008
OSEK/VDX-based Application Software Development using Generic Embedded System
Youngjae Kim, Taeyoung Lee, Seonghun Lee, Sungrae Cho and Sungho Jin
Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Korea
Abstract—OSEK/VDX (Open Systems and their Interfaces for the Electronics in Motor
Vehicles/Vehicle Distributed eXecutive) is an open platform that has produced specifications
for an operating system, a communication and a network management for automotive
embedded systems to enhance software portability and reusability. Generic Embedded System
devel-oped by DGIST provides an environment to develop an auto-motive embedded
software easily. In this paper, we introduce the Generic Embedded System and OSEK
Development Tools and present a detailed case study to describe an example of OSEK-based
automotive software application of RCS (Room-lamp Control System). Automotive engineers
can learn easily OSEK OS application software and utilize this case study to other application
software development through this case study.
Index Terms—OSEK/VDX, automotive application software, Generic Embedded System,
OSEK Development Tools, Roomlamp Control System.
I0009
Modeling and Simulation of Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverter using a Model
Predictive Current Control
Ali M. Almaktoof, A. K. Raji and M. T. E. Kahn
Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa
Abstract—This paper focuses on a combination of three-phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
with a predictive current control to provide an optimized system for three-phase inverter that
controls the load current. The present contribution presents a Finite Set-Model Predictive
Control (FS-MPC) strategy for a two-level three-phase VSI with resistive- inductive load
(RL-Load). In order to reduce the computational effort which gives rise to multiple
possibilities has been determined. With different cases the evaluation of the system is done.
Firstly, the system performance with long prediction horizon is carried out. Secondly, the
dynamic response of the system with step change in the amplitude of the reference is
investigated. Simulations are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink to test the effectiveness of
an FS-MPC for the two-level VSI with RL-Load.
Index Terms—Anisotropic diffusion, ECMM, mammogram, mass detection, template
matching
I1003
The Influence of Peer Network, Change Agents & Organization Characteristics in the
Adoption of E-journal Publishing
S. A. Sanni ; A. N. Zainab; N. H Abdulkareem ; and N. Abdullah
University of Malaya, University of Malaya
Abstract—The paper examines the importance of peer network, change agents and
organization characteristics in the adoption rate of e-journal publishing based upon responses
from Malaysian journal editors. The sample comprises of 150 Malaysian journal editors
who responded to a questionnaire distributed at a journal editor’s conference. Analysis was
based on 82 usable responses. Findings show that journal editors perceive a certain degree of
influence from peer network but perceive a less degree of influence from change agents. Both
peer network and change agents are not significant contributors to adoption rate of e-journals,
however all the three organization variables: journal’s age, publication size and editorial
experience are significant contributors. We discuss the results and implication of the findings.
Index Terms—E-journal adoption, E-journal publishing, Adoption of innovation, Malaysian
journal publishers, Peer network and change agents.
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I0007
Simulator Design for Vehicle Application System Development based on GMLAN
Taeyoung Lee, Youngjae Kim, Seonghun Lee and Sungho Jin
Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Korea
Abstract—Vehicle application system development consists of design, development,
confirmation using vehicle CAN (Controller Area Network) signal. As to do this kind of
process, very high costs and much time are required, further high risk is included. So,
developers have designed and used simulation environment. But, vehicle application system
developers are asking for methods of cost saving, few risks, and cut to development period.
This paper introduces method of simulator design for vehicle application system development
based on GMLAN (General Motor Local Area Network).
Index Terms—Vehicle Application System, CANoe, GMLAN, CAN, Simulator, Embedded
System
IS0002
Robust Robot Navigation using Polar Coordinates in Dynamic Environments
Seung-Hwan Lee, Gyuho Eoh, and Beom H. Lee
Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract—This paper presents robust robot navigation using polar coordinates in dynamic
environments based on our previous work which was to move toward a target while avoiding
static and dynamic obstacles. It utilized vector polar histogram (VPH) with velocity obstacle
(VO) for the navigation and obstacle avoidance but had difficulties in detecting dynamic
obstacles and reaching the target accurately. To overcome those problems, polar scan
matching (PSM) is combined with our previous work. It allows the robot to localize its pose
more correctly, which causes an improvement of dynamic obstacle detection. Simulations are
performed to verify that our approach outperforms other conventional navigation methods in
terms of obstacle avoidance and reaching the target accurately.
Index Terms—Navigation, Vector Polar Histogram, Velocity Obstacle, Polar Scan Matching
IS0003
Rotating Triangles Landmark for Indoor Multi-robot Localization
Hunsue Lee and Beom H. Lee Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract—This paper presents a novel landmark generating method for robust multi-robot
localization and tracking. Although the conventional approaches are able to generate a
number of landmarks, they often tend to misjudge or ignore some landmark in particular
environment. Analyzing those methods, we suggest the new landmark that is referred to here
as Rotating Triangles (RT) landmark. RT landmark implemented in intelligent space (iSpace)
is shown, and it is compared and evaluated with a landmark based on QR code and ShotCode
(QR/Shot). The experimental results show that RT landmark has better performance in terms
of recognition score and error. Index Terms—artificial landmark, multi-robots, localization, intelligent space
IS0004
A New 3D Object Registration Method using Observation Robot
Wonsok Yoo, Gyuho Eoh and Beom H. Lee
Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract— This paper presents an efficient position allocation method of observation robot
for 3D registration. In the field of computer vision, researchers have developed many
algorithms for 3D registration and they are focusing on the model completeness. On the
contrary, our approach is focusing on the efficiency of the registration. With this new concept,
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we introduce Selective Data Process (SDP) which is a selecting technique of robot’s
observation position by analyzing data distribution. We applied SDP to the 3D registration
technique and compared our new approach with the conventional 3D registration method.
Real experiments verified that our algorithm is faster than the conventional non-selective
method. Index Terms—registration, robot, object recognition, scan matching, intelligent space
IS0005
Distributed Object Transportation using Virtual Object
Gyuho Eoh, Seung-Hwan Lee, Tae-Seok Lee, and Beom H. Lee Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract— This paper presents a distributed object transportation technique using a virtual
object. Previous methods of object transportation have been required to have a global
navigation function with a feedback controller. In other words, all robots should have the goal
position to manipulate the object when using those methods, and with them it was difficult to
guarantee the wrapping condition of the object during transportation. The proposed technique,
however, enables the object to be transported without a global navigation function by means
of a new technique termed a virtual object. The proposed technique is divided into three
phases: the approaching phase, the enclosing phase, and the transporting phase. Simulated
experiments are presented to test the validity and practicality of the proposed method. Index Terms—Object transportation, virtual object, object closure
IS0006
Multi-Robot Formation Shape Control Using Convex Optimization and Bottleneck
Assignment
Jae D. Jeon and Beom H. Lee
Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract—This paper considers formation shape control of multiple robots while minimizing
the maximum distance of robot covered. Previous studies have shown that the shape of
formation is set of similarity transformations of that and solved the problem by using convex
optimization. However, not only the similarity transformation but also permutation
transformation preserves the shape of formation. Therefore, this work extends the earlier
researches by considering the permutation factor. A threshold algorithm is employed to
approach the problem finding optimal permutation of final formation, known as bottleneck
assignment problem. This paper suggests an algorithm which alternately iterate the convex
optimization and the bottleneck assignment algorithm until reaching convergence. The
effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is presented by simulation in comparison with the
previous work. Index Terms—formation shape control, convex optimization, bottleneck assignment,
threshold algorithm
IS0007
Object Recognition Using Image Warping in an Intelligent Space
Doojin Kim, Jung H. Oh, and Beom H. Lee Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract—We propose a method to improve object recognition performance of a robot with
an intelligent space system (iSpace). Existing SIFT-based object recognition is powerful, but
it has still some limitations. Among limitations, we focus on degraded performance according
to the viewpoint change. In order to improve the performance, we use appearance estimation
of the object in the point of robot’s view using image warping based on the robot pose and
object pose. The proposed method is evaluated by experiments.
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Index Terms—image warping, intelligent space, SIFT-based object recognition
IS0008
An Indoor Localization System for Mobile Robots Using an Active Infrared Positioning
Sensor
Jung H. Oh, Doojin Kim and Beom H. Lee Seoul National University, Korea
Abstract—Infrared (IR) sensors have been widely used as a distance measuring sensors to
estimate the position of an object since they have short response time and high accuracy.
Therefore, we introduce the indoor localization system using an active infrared sensor and
passive landmarks. However, there were several types of deviations from the actual values.
We analyzed these errors and corrected them to develop the improved localization system.
Index Terms—Infrared sensor, artificial landmark, multi-robot, indoor localization, intelligent
space
IS0009
Automatic Schedule Control for Distributed Software Development in Cloud Computing
Environments
Chung Yung, Shao-Zong Chen, and Jen-Tsung Hsieh National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
Abstract—This paper proposes an extension of automatic schedule control to the WebSD
management model of distributed software development in cloud computing environments.
Cloud computing environments provide more flexibility than conventional computing
environments. In particular, platform as a service (PaaS) provides more flexibility in
application design, development testing, deployment, hosting, team collaboration, web
service and database integration, scalability, and versioning. The WebSD model is a new
management model of distributed software development for cloud computing environments.
However, WebSD does not include functionality for schedule control. We design new
operations and add into the WebSD model such that the distributed software development
may be managed with automatic assistance in schedule control. We call the extended model
as SDot. Inherited from WebSD, SDot also offers a common platform for various roles
involved in the distributed software development, and SDot is also appropriate for the
management of distributed software development in cloud computing environments. We
present the application of SDot to a practical software project as a case study to show the
effectiveness of SDot in schedule control for the management of distributed software
development.
Index Terms—schedule control, distributed software development, software development
management, cloud computing environment.
IS0010
Software Process Improvement and Gaming using Essence: An Industrial Experience
Pan-Wei Ng
Ivar Jacobson International, Singapore
Abstract— Software development teams are often ill-trained and ill-equipped to improve the
way they develop software. As a result, process improvement is often left to those from
without the development team, such as quality assurance staff, coaches, and consultants.
This paper describes a novel process improvement approach that helps development teams to
quickly describe their existing processes and to discover for themselves ways which they can
improve. This not only gives teams a greater sense of ownership, but also lays the foundation
for sustained improvement. In particular, we demonstrate how to kick start process
improvement through a workshop. This workshop introduces an element of fun through the
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use of games and dice throwing. This keeps participants highly engaged during the process
improvement workshop, which helps them truly appreciate how recommended practices can
work in their context, as well as side effects. Central to our approach is Essence, a
method-independent software engineering kernel. Essence’s object-oriented and state-based
representation provides building blocks for teams to describe existing processes and to enact
them (human) simulation gaming. This allows teams to explore improvement areas in a
self-directed manner, and to test how new practices work in their context. Our experience in
conducting a process improvement and gaming workshop for an embedded product company
demonstrates the viability of our approach.
Index Terms—software development, software process improvement, cards, simulation,
gaming, agile, kernel, language, alpha, Essence, fault slip through
IS0019
A Framework for Mobile Object Recognition of Internet of Things Devices and
Inference with Contexts
Jinsuk Kang
Ajou University, Korea
Abstract— In this paper, using a mobile phone with integrated camera, users can interact with
objects or Things in a very simple manner. A further advantage is that the objects themselves
don’t have to be tagged with any kind of markers. Also, Quantitative validation of
experimental results, while presenting an accurate rate, an early detection rate and a correct
duration rate with detecting the intent of several smart-phone performing various activities,
shows that proposed research contributes to implement effective intent recognition system.
Index Terms—Internet of Things, Smart-phone, LBS, Speeded up Robust, Object
Recognition.
IS0020
Increasing Microsoft Office Usability For Middle-Aged and Elder Users With Less
Computer Literacy
Ali Darejeh and Dalbir Singh Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia
Abstract— In the recent years, one of the most important factors that influence software
marketability is software interfaces. In this marketing rat race, Microsoft created a revolution
in its Office software. In year 2007, they replaced menus and toolbars with a new structure
called it Ribbon interface. Although the new interface has many advantages, usability
researchers are criticizing MS Office interface from different aspects. They believe, it still has
serious usability issues that hinder usage of MS Office for users with less computer literacy.
Since middle-aged and elder users with less computer literacy are a large group of users who
need to work with MS Office, this study aims to increase the learnability level among them by
proposing an interface design solutions for MS Office. This research utilized in-person
usability testing to evaluate the usability issues of MS Office in terms of both visual and
cognitive issues. In order to ensure the validity of the data, it was tried to triangulate the data
collection process by collecting data from different sources, namely, quantitative
measurement of users’ improvement, direct observation, and interview. The results of data
collection have led to design a prototype for MS Office. Based on the usability test on the
prototype and finding the factor that has led to users’ improvement, a number of solutions are
extracted for MS Office interface as a contribution to the body of knowledge. Putting these
solutions into action, self-learning would be promoted and learning issues of middle-aged and
elder users with less computer literacy would be decreased.
Index Terms—User interface; Microsoft Office; Elder novice users; Usability; middle-aged
novice users.
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IS2003
Towards Reduction of Cost of Software Quality by Implementing Regression
Automation Gopinath Ganapathy and Deepa Vijay
Bharathidasan University, India
Abstract— The cost of Software quality is very high due to various hidden costs, besides it
brings huge losses to the client. The rework cost per bug is very high in post production. The
idea of this paper is to bring down the cost of quality without compromising the quality by
widening the test coverage and detecting bugs at earlier stages of testing cycle by
implementing regression automation approach.
Index Terms—Cost of Software Quality, Regression testing, Regression Automation,
Component Testing
IS2006
Analysis of HTTP and HTTPS Usage on the University Internet Backbone Links Shwan Dyllan, Hichem Dahimene, Phillip Wright, and Perry Xiao
London South Bank University/ICT Department, London, UK
Abstract— We present our latest study on monitoring and analysing the behavior of the LSBU
(London South Bank University) data network traffic. The analysis of the network activity
allows us to understand the network traffic characteristic, on a continuous basis, which
identifying the data traffic patterns on the gateways (JANET via Kings College & via
Imperial College) and identify and highlight the end-to-end performance of the network
path. In this paper, the PRTG network monitoring tool (Paessler AG, Germany) has been
chosen as this provides the capabilities of SNMP, port utilisation as well as sFlow. The
objectives of the study are to point out the impact of the LSBU network performance and its
congestions current state and predict the future data network traffic and congestions; to
identify the venerability of the network, due to high usage in particular time of the day; and to
check the capacity usage of the current resources to maximise performance and network
utilization.
IS3001
Overview of Selection Schemes In Real-Coded Genetic Algorithms And Their
Applications
Anil S. Mokhade & Omprakash G. Kakde Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology
Abstract—The real-coded genetic algorithms are being used by the research community for
diverse applications. This diversity is further extended into the selection schemes of different
types and combination of them have been tried by the community. This paper is the overview
of the selection schemes in genetic algorithms with particular reference to real-coded genetic
algorithms. It discusses the evolution of genetic algorithms, their principles of working and
advantages of real-coded genetic algorithms. It brings out the important properties of the
genetic algorithms and then discusses the applications of real-coded genetic algorithms with
selection focus. It also points to the further research in combining the real-coded genetic
algorithm using 80:20 principles in selection involving intuition.
Index Terms—Real-coded Genetic Algorithms, Selection, 80:20 principle
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Room 2
Afternoon Session ICGIP 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 4(13:30pm-16:00pm)
Session Chair: Prof. Jeng-Wei Lin, Tunghai University, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
IP0034
Adaptive Pixel-Selection Using Chaotic Map Lattices for Image Cryptography
Jirasak Sittigorn, Kitti Paithoonwattanakij and Charray Surawatpunya
King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand
Abstract—Chaotic theory has been used in cryptography application for generating a
sequence of data that is close to pseudorandom number based on an adjusted initial condition
and a parameter. However, data recovery becomes a crucial problem due to the precision of
the parameters. This difficulty leads to limited usage of Chaotic-based cryptography
especially for error sensitive applications such as voice cryptography. In order to enhance the
encryption security and overcome this limitation, an Adaptive Pixel-Selection using Chaotic
Map Lattices (APCML) is proposed. In APCML, the encryption sequence has been adaptively
selected based on chaos generator. Moreover, the chaotic transformation and normalization
boundary have been revised to alleviate the rounding error and inappropriate normalization
boundary problems. In the experiments, the measurement indices of originality
preservation, visual inspection, and statistical analysis are used to evaluate the performance of
the proposed APCML compared to that of the original CML. Consequently, the APCML
algorithm offers greater performance with full recovery of the original message.
Index Terms—Chaotic Map Lattices, Image cryptography, Adaptive Pixel-Selection
IP0037
Strand Structures Detection for 2D Shapes based on Visibility
Songhe Wang, Zhiyang Li, Siyang Miao, Yegang Du, Wenyu Qu and Junjie Cao
Dalian Maritime University, China
Abstract—Strand structures such as the tails or feelers are common to man-made or natural
shapes. The knowledge of strand structures which a shape possesses can be exploited in its
matching, recognition, retrieval etc. Although a variety of methods in shape decomposition
have been presented, there is still a need for a robust and versatile method to detect the strand
structures, especially when the shapes have large deformation or noise. Based on the visibility
of points, we design a shape descriptor and propose an effective method to detect the strand
structures possessing in 2D shapes. An intuitive idea is that the points in strand structures can
only see small number of points from their reference points inside the shape. Meanwhile, the
visibility of a point is more robust than its convex-concave features. Extensive experiments
have been done on shapes with various kinds of deformation and large noise, demonstrating
the robustness and effectiveness of our strand structures detection method.
Index Terms—Strand structure, visibility, shape analysis.
IP0038
Algebraic Pattern Recognition
Michał R. Przybyłek
University of Warsaw, Poland
Abstract—This paper offers an algebraic explanation for the phenomenon of a new and
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prosperous branch of evolutionary metaheuristics – “skeletal algorithms”. We show how this
explanation gives rise to algorithms for recognition of algebraic theories and present sample
applications.
Index Terms—Pattern recognition, data mining, theory discovery.
IP0039
Image Super Resolution with Adaptive Edge Enhancement Algorithm
Jaturon Ngernplubpla and Orachat Chitsobhuk
King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand
Abstract—In this paper, an adaptive edge enhancement algorithm is proposed to reconstruct a
super resolution image from a single low resolution one. In order to improve the results of the
high resolution reconstruction, edge statistics is learned from the scenes using a statistical
analysis of the maximum likelihood estimation to approximate edge boosting weight that
helps to significantly enhance edge information in the high frequency area. The edge sketch
image will be adaptively combined with the results of wiener filter according to the values of
the local variance. The experimental results on several test images show the success in
reconstructing the super resolution both quantitatively and perceptually.
Index Terms—Super Resolution, Image Enhancement, Invert filter.
IP0042
DCT-based Just Noticeable Distortion for Color Image/Video
Kuo-Cheng Liu Information Educating Center, Taiwan Hospitality & Tourism College,Taiwan
Abstract—In this paper, we design a DCT-based model for estimating spatio-temporal just
noticeable distortion (JND) profiles of color image/video. Based on a mathematical model
of measuring the base detection threshold for each DCT coefficient in the color component of
color images, the masking adjustments for luminance component and chrominance
components are utilized for estimating the spatial JND profiles. The above spatial JND
profiles are extended to video signals by incorporating the proposed block-based temporal
masking adjustment mainly considering local temporal statistics in luminance component.
The model is verified by designing a subjective viewing test of evaluating the visual quality
under the specified viewing condition. In the experiment, the test video is contaminated by
the estimated JND profiles in the DCT domain and is compared with the original video. The
simulation results show that the JND-contaminated color video has nearly perceptual lossless
visual quality and the model is able to estimate the JND profiles inherent in color videos.
Index Terms—Just-noticeable distortion (JND), temporal masking, color video
IP0043
Realistic Page-turning of Electronic Books
Chaoran Fan, Haisheng Li and Yannan Bai
East China Normal University, China
Abstract—The booming electronic books (e-books), as an extension to the paper book, are
popular with readers. Recently, much efforts are put into the realistic page-turning simulation
of e-book to improve its reading experience. This paper presents a new 3D page-turning
simulation approach, which employs piecewise time-dependent cylindrical surfaces to
describe the turning page and constructs smooth transition method between time-dependent
cylinders. The page-turning animation is produced by sequentially mapping the turning page
into the cylinders with different radii and positions. Compared to the previous approaches, our
method is able to imitate various effects efficiently and obtains more natural animation of
turning page.
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Index Terms—E-book, Page-turning, Realistic Simulation.
IP0044
Graph-based Image Completion Using Patch Offsets and Structure Feature
Weiwei Xue and Rong Zhang
University of Science and Technology of China
Abstract—Image completion solves the problem of filling missing region by using the
information from the same or another image. It is difficult to maintain a balance between
visual plausibility and efficiency among the existing algorithms. In this paper, we first
propose a novel graph-based approach combining patch offsets and structure feature to get
more coherent completion result. We further put forward creatively using a few dominate
offsets with an adaptive mechanism of labels and formulate image completion to be a
graph-cut optimization problem. Experiments on a wide variety of images show our method
yields better results in various challenging cases than state-of-art methods both on visual
impact and efficiency.
Index Terms—Image completion, image inpaiting, patch offsets, structure feature, energy
optimization
IP0049
Analysis of Mammogram Images based on Texture Features of Curvelet Sub-bands
Syed Jamal Safdar Gardezi, Ibrahima Faye and Mohamed Meselhy Eltoukhy
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia
Abstract—Image texture analysis plays an important role in object detection and recognition
in image processing. The texture analysis can be used for early detection of breast cancer by
classifying the mammogram images into normal and abnormal classes. This study investigates
breast cancer detection using texture features obtained from the grey level co-occurrence
matrices (GLCM) of curvelet sub-band levels combined with texture feature obtained from
the image itself. The GLCM were constructed for each sub-band of three curvelet
decomposition levels. The obtained feature vector presented to the classifier to differentiate
between normal and abnormal tissues. The proposed method is applied over 305 region of
interest (ROI) cropped from MIAS dataset. The simple logistic classifier achieved 86.66%
classification accuracy rate with sensitivity 76.53% and specificity 91.3%.
Index Terms—Texture features, Curvelet transform, Grey level Co-occurrence Matrices
(GLCM), Mammogram analysis.
IP0051
Tensor Decomposition-based Color Image Watermarking
Yang He, Wei Liang, Junli Liang and Mingtao Pei
Beijing Institute of Technology, China
Abstract—This paper presents a robust color image watermarking algorithm, which embeds a
grayscale image into a color image using the higher order singular value decomposition
(HOSVD). We look the color image in the RGB color space upon as a tensor rather than three
independent channels. The color image is partitioned into non-overlapped patches
(sub-tensors), and their HOSVDs are computed. Moreover, a subtle preprocessing step, block
Arnold transform, is designed to improve the robustness to cropping attack. Experimental
results show that the proposed algorithm makes the watermarking invisible effectively and is
robust against wide variety of non-geometric and geometric attacks.
Index Terms—Color image watermarking, higher order singular value decomposition,
copyright protection.
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IP0052
Automatic Extraction of Power Lines by Particle Filtering From Aerial Images
Famao Ye, Fuyu Li and Shihong Hu
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang,China
Abstract—In this paper an approach based on particle filtering to automatic extract power
lines from aerial images is presented. We integrate the similarity of grey value of power lines
into particle filtering to track the points on power lines, and use those extracted points to fit
the power line as a parabola. Moreover, a fully automatic initialization strategy is used.
Experimental results show that the proposed approach is a promising and fully automatic
method for extracting power lines from very complex background. This algorithm will play
an important role in the exact 3D-reconstructions of power lines that can help the power grid
company to ensure the safety of the power lines.
Index Terms—Feature extraction, particle filtering, power lines, aerial images.
IP0055
Belief Propagation Stereo Matching Algorithm Using Ground Control Points
Yingyun Yang, Qian Liang, Lipi Niu and Qin Zhang
Communication University of China, China
Abstract—This paper presents a Belief Propagation (BP) stereo matching algorithm using
ground control points. The proposed algorithm combines local and global stereo methods,
which first utilizes local stereo method to obtain an initial disparity map, then the ground
control points are selected from the initial disparity and used on belief propagation algorithm
for global stereo matching. Since using ground control points, the proposed algorithm
improves BP algorithm in convergence speed. Moreover, this paper proposes a color
constraint voting method to optimize the disparity in post-processing. Experimental results
show that the proposed algorithm shares low computational complexity but high matching
accuracy.
Index Terms—Stereo matching, ground control points (GCP), belief propagation, voting
method, cross search.
IP0056
Statistical Based MQ Arithmetic Coder
Nopphol Noikaew and Orachat Chitsobhuk
King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand
Abstract—Embedded block coding with optimized truncation (EBCOT) is a key algorithm in
JPEG 2000 image compression system. Recently, the bit-plane coder architectures are capable
of producing symbols at a higher rate than the capability of the existing MQ arithmetic
coders. To solve this problem, a design of a multiple-symbol processor for statistical MQ
coder architecture on FPGA is proposed. The proposed architecture takes advantage of
simplicity of single-symbol architecture while integrates several techniques in order to
increase the coding rate (more than one symbol per clock), reduce critical path, thus
accelerate the coding speed. The repeated symbol statistics has been analyzed prior to the
proposed architecture using lookahead technique. This allows the proposed architecture to
support encoding rate of maximum 8 symbols per clock cycle without stalls and without
excessively increasing the hardware cost. This helps to accelerate encoding process, which
leads to greatly increase throughput. From the experiments, for lossy wavelet transform, the
proposed architecture offers high throughput of at least 233.07 MCxD/S with effectively
reducing the number of clock cycles more than 35.51%.
Index Terms—MQ-Coder, Arithmetic Encoder, JPEG2000, Hardware Architecture, FPGA
Implementation.
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IP0059
A New Method for Solving Overfitting Problem of Gentle AdaBoost
Shuqiong. Wu and Hiroshi. Nagahashi
Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science in Tokyo Institute of
Technology, Japan
Abstract—AdaBoost is a machine learning technique which integrates many weak classifiers
into one strong classifier to enhance its classification performance. Gentle AdaBoost is a
variant of AdaBoost which introduces Newton steps to the boosting process. It is proved that
the overall performance considering both the training error and generalization error of Gentle
AdaBoost is better than other AdaBoost variants on low-noise data. However, it suffers from
overfitting problem when the training data include high noise. To solve this problem, we
propose a new approach to limit the weight distortion according to a stretched distribution of
the whole sample weights. Experimental results have shown that our algorithm obtains a
better generalization error on both standard and noise-input datasets. Moreover, our method
does not increase the calculation time compared with Gentle AdaBoost.
Index Terms—Machine Learning, Overfitting, AdaBoost.
IP0072
Robust Visual Tracking via Spatio-Temporal Cue Integration
Yang He, Mingtao Pei, Min Yang, Yuwei Wu and Wei Liang
Beijing Institute of Technology, China
Abstract—Appearance modeling is an important and yet challenging issue for online visual
tracking due to the accumulation of errors which is prone to potential drifting during the
self-updating with newly obtained results. In this paper, we propose a novel online tracking
algorithm using spatio-temporal cue integration. Specifically, the object is represented as a set
of local patches with respect to the spatial cue. In terms of the temporal cue, we keep the
appearance models at different time and do appearance updating alternately. Taking full
advantage of both historical and current information of the tracked object, the drift problem is
alleviated. We also develop an effective cue quality measurement that combines similarity and
motion information. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations on challenging video
sequences demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs comparable against the
state-of-the-art methods.
Index Terms—visual tracking, multi-cue integration, appearance model, online update.
16:00pm-16:10pm Coffee Break
Afternoon Session ICGIP 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 5(16:10pm-19:00pm)
Session Chair: Prof. Hui Yu University of Portsmouth, the United Kingdom
IP0060
Short-Term Forecasting of Cloud Images Using Local Features
Wenhui Jiang, Fei Su1 and Jun Zhang
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China
Abstract—Short-term forecasting of cloud distribution within a sequence of all-sky images is
an important issue in meteorological area. In this work, a cloud image forecasting system is
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
designed, which includes three steps---cloud detection, cloud matching and motion
estimation. We treat cloud detection as a classification problem based on Linear Discriminant
Analysis. During the matching, a set of Speed Up Robust Features (SURF) are extracted to
represent the cloud, then clouds are matched by computing correspondences between SURF
features. Finally, affine transform is applied to estimate the motion of cloud. This local
features based method is capable of predicting the rotation and scaling of cloud, while the
traditional method is only limited to translational motion. Objective evaluation results show
higher accuracy of the proposed method compared with some other algorithms.
Index Terms—All-sky images, SURF, affine transform, color-invariant, cloud detection,
cloud prediction.
IP0061
Automatic Image Enhancement Based On Multi-scale Image Decomposition
Lu Feng, Zhuangzhi Wu, Luo Pei and Xiong Long
School of Computer Science and Engineering, BeiHang University, China
Abstract—In image processing and computational photography, automatic image
enhancement is one of the long-range objectives. Recently the automatic image enhancement
methods not only take account of the globe semantics, like correct color hue and brightness
imbalances, but also the local content of the image, such as human face and sky of landscape.
In this paper we describe a new scheme for automatic image enhancement that considers both
global semantics and local content of image. Our automatic image enhancement method
employs the multi-scale edge-aware image decomposition approach to detect the
underexposure regions and enhance the detail of the salient content. The experiment results
demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach compared to existing automatic enhancement
methods.
Index Terms—Image enhancement, Image decomposition, Diffusion map, Detail
enhancement
IP0063
A Real-Time Orientation Feature Descriptor for Portable Devices
Ping Yang, Hao Feng, Zhiguo Jiang and Danpei Zhao
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China
Abstract—A real-time orientation feature descriptor for portable devices is introduced. The
descriptor requires very low computational resources and has 16 dimensions shorter than all
existing methods. The patch of a candidate feature is firstly segmented into polar arranged
sub-regions, which enables us to achieve rotation invariance rapidly. Furthermore, the
principal orientation is used to describe each sub-region. The computations can be
considerably accelerated by using integral image. The descriptor is used for object tracking
and achieves 25 fps frame rate on mobile phone. Experimental results demonstrate that the
proposed method offers sufficient matching performance.
Index Terms—Descriptor, SIFT, integral image, embedded image processing, object tracking
IP0064
Touch Interface for Markless AR Based on Kinect
Ching-Tang Hsieh, Tai-Ku Kuo, Hui-Chun Wang, Yeh-Kuang Wu, Liung-Chun Chang and
Chien-Chung Chiu
Institute for Information Industry, Taiwan, R.O.C
Abstract—We develop an augmented reality (AR) environment with hidden-marker via touch
interface using Kinect device, and then also set up a touch painting game with the AR
environment. This environment is similar to that of the touch screen interface which allows
user to paint picture on a tabletop with his fingers, and it is designed with depth image
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information from Kinect device setting up above a tabletop. We incorporate support vector
machine (SVM) to classify painted pictures which correspond to the inner data and call out its
AR into the tabletop in color images information from Kinect device. Because users can
utilize this similar touch interface to control AR, we achieve a marker-less AR and interactive
environment.
Index Terms—Kinect, SVM, AR, touch screen interface, marker-less.
IP0065
Robust Normal Estimation of Point Cloud with Sharp Features via Subspace Clustering Pei Luo, Zhuangzhi Wu, Chunhe Xia, Lu Feng and Bo JiaC
Beihang University, China
Abstract—Normal estimation is an essential step in point cloud based geometric processing,
such as high quality point based rendering and surface reconstruction. In this paper, we
present a clustering based method for normal estimation which preserves sharp features. For a
piecewise smooth point cloud, the k-nearest neighbors of one point lie on a union of multiple
subspaces. Given the PCA normals as input, we perform a subspace clustering algorithm to
segment these subspaces. Normals are estimated by the points lying in the same subspace as
the center point. In contrast to the previous method, we exploit the low-rankness of the input
data, by seeking the lowest rank representation among all the candidates that can represent
one normal as linear combinations of the others. Integration of Low-Rank Representation
(LRR) makes our method robust to noise. Moreover, our method can simultaneously produce
the estimated normals and the local structures which are especially useful for denoise and
segmentation applications. The experimental results show that our approach successfully
recovers sharp features and generates more reliable results compared with the state-of-the-art.
Index Terms—Point cloud, Normal estimation, Low-rank representation, Sharp feature,
Clustering.
IP0066
Performance Evaluation in Color Face Hallucination with Error Regression Model in
MPCA Subspace Method
Krissada Asavaskulkeit
Department of Electrical Engineering, Mahidol University, Thailand
Abstract—This paper proposes a novel face super-resolution reconstruction (hallucination)
technique for YCbCr color space.The underlying idea is to learn with an error regression
model and multi-linear principal component analysis (MPCA).
From hallucination framework, many color face images are explained in YCbCr space. To
reduce the time complexity of color face hallucination, we can be naturally described the
color face imaged as tensors or multi-linear arrays. In addition, the error regression analysis is
used to find the error estimation which can be obtained from the existing LR in tensor space.
In learning process is from the mistakes in reconstruct face images of the training dataset by
MPCA, then finding the relationship between input and error by regression analysis. In
hallucinating process uses normal method by back-projection of MPCA, after that the result is
corrected with the error estimation. In this contribution we show that our hallucination
technique can be suitable for color face images both in RGB and YCbCr space. By using the
MPCA subspace with error regression model, we can generate photorealistic color face
images. Our approach is demonstrated by extensive experiments with high-quality
hallucinated color faces. Comparison with existing algorithms shows the effectiveness of the
proposed method.
Index Terms—MPCA, error regression model, YCbCr
IP0069 Fingertips Detection for Human Computer Interaction System
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Md. Jahangir Alam, Gulisong Nasierding, Atul Sajjanhar and Morshed Chowdhury
Deakin University , Australia
Abstract—Fingertips of human hand play an important role in hand-based interaction with
computers. Identification of fingertips’ positions in hand images is vital for developing a
human computer interaction system. This paper proposes a novel method for detecting
fingertips of a hand image analyzing the concept of the geometrical structural information of
fingers. The research is divided into three parts: First, hand image is segmented for detecting
hand; Second, invariant features (curvature zero-crossing points) are extracted from the
boundary of the hand; Third, fingertips are detected. Experimental results show that the
proposed approach is promising.
Index Terms—Fingertips detection, human computer interaction, curvature zero-crossing
points, invariant features, geometrical structure.
IP0070
A Method for Affine Invariant Curve Smoothing
Takahiro Nishida and Takashi Toriu
Osaka City University, Japan
Abstract—This paper proposes a new curve smoothing method invariant to affine
transformation. Curve smoothing is one of the important challenges in computer vision as a
procedure for noise suppression in shape analysis such as Curvature Scale Space (CSS).
Currently, Gaussian filtering is widely used among a lot of smoothing methods. However
Gaussian filtering is not affine invariant. This paper proposes a new method for curve
smoothing that is invariant under affine transformation such that area of any region in the
image does not change. Specifically, we introduce an affine invariant evaluate function with a
metric tensor. The original curve is smoothed by minimizing the evaluation function. We
mathematically prove that this method is affine invariant. Further, experimental results show
that the proposed method is almost never affected by affine transformation different from
usual Gaussian filtering. In the proposed method, processing results are expected to be not
affected much by variation of the viewpoint.
Index Terms—Smoothing; affine transformation; affine invariance; curve; metric tensor
IP0074
Quality Assessment of Color Images Based on the Measure of Just Noticeable Color
Difference
Chun-Hsien Chou and Yun-Hsiang Hsu
Tatung University, Taiwan
Abstract—Accurate assessment on the quality of color images is an important step to many
image processing systems that convey visual information of the reproduced images. An
accurate objective image quality assessment (IQA) method is expected to give the assessment
result highly agreeing with the subjective assessment. To assess the quality of color images,
many approaches simply apply the metric for assessing the quality of gray scale images to
each of three color channels of the color image, neglecting the correlation among three color
channels. In this paper, a metric for assessing color images’ quality is proposed, in which
the model of variable just-noticeable color difference (VJNCD) is employed to estimate the
visibility thresholds of distortion inherent in each color pixel. With the estimated visibility
thresholds of distortion, the proposed metric measures the average perceptible distortion in
terms of the quantized distortion according to the perceptual error map similar to that defined
by National Bureau of Standards (NBS) for converting the color difference enumerated by
CIEDE2000 to the objective score of perceptual quality assessment. The perceptual error
map in this case is designed for each pixel according to the visibility threshold estimated by
the VJNCD model. The performance of the proposed metric is verified by assessing the test
images in the LIVE database, and is compared with those of many well-know IQA metrics.
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Experimental results indicate that the proposed metric is an effective IQA method that can
accurately predict the image quality of color images in terms of the correlation between
objective scores and subjective evaluation.
Index Terms—Image quality assessment (IQA), visual quality, perceptual redundancy,
variable just noticeable color difference (VJNCD), perceptual error map.
IP0075
Designing a Serious Game for Historical Heritage: A Case Study of Heerlen Roman
Bathhouse
Wen Qi
NingBo University of Technology, China
Abstract—The advances of computer games have shown their potentials for developing
edutainment content and services. Current cultural heritages often make use of games in order
to complement existing presentations and to create a memorable exhibition. It offers
opportunities to reorganize and conceptualize historical, cultural and technological
information about the exhibits. To demonstrate the benefits of serious games in terms of
facilitating the learning activities in a constructive and meaningful way, we designed a video
game about the Heerlen bathhouse heritage. This paper explains the design considerations of
this Roman bathhouse game, with a particular focus on the link between game play and
learning.
Index Terms—Cultural heritage, Roman Bathhouse, pedagogy, learning, serious game,
design.
IP0076
Semi-Automatic 2D-to-3D Conversion of Human-Centered Videos Enhanced by Age and
Gender Estimation
Mani B. Fard and Ulug Bayazit
Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Abstract—In this work, we propose a feasible 3D video generation method to enable high
quality visual perception using a monocular uncalibrated camera. Anthropometric distances
between face standard landmarks are approximated based on the person's age and gender.
These measurements are used in a 2-stage approach to facilitate the construction of binocular
stereo images. Specially, one view of the background is registered in initial stage of video
shooting. It is followed by an automatically guided displacement of the camera toward its
secondary position. At the secondary position the real-time capturing is started and the
foreground (viewed person) region is extracted for each frame. After an accurate parallax
estimation the extracted foreground is placed in front of the background image that was
captured at the initial position. So the constructed full view of the initial position combined
with the view of the secondary (current) position, form the complete binocular pairs during
real-time video shooting. The subjective evaluation results present a competent depth
perception quality through the proposed system.
Index Terms—2D-to-3D conversion, telepresence, monocular camera, uncalibrated camera.
IP0077
Automatic Facial Expression Recognition Based on Features Extracted from Tracking of
Facial Landmarks
Deepak Ghimire, Joonwhoan Lee
Div. of Computer Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Rep. of
Korea
Abstract—In this paper, we present a fully automatic facial expression recognition system
using support vector machines, with geometric features extracted from the tracking of facial
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
landmarks. Facial landmark initialization and tracking is performed by using an elastic bunch
graph matching algorithm. The facial expression recognition is performed based on the
features extracted from the tracking of not only individual landmarks, but also pair of
landmarks. The recognition accuracy on the Extended Kohn-Kanade (CK+) database shows
that our proposed set of features produces better results, because it utilizes time-varying graph
information, as well as the motion of individual facial landmarks.
Index Terms—Facial landmarks, geometric features, Gabor filters, elastic bunch graph
matching, support vector machines.
IP0085
A GPU-based Computer-assisted Microscopy System for Assessing the Importance of
Different Families of Histological Characteristics in Cancer Diagnosis
Dimitris Glotsos, Spiros Kostopoulos, Konstantinos Sidiropoulos, Panagiota Ravazoula,
Ioannis Kalatzis, Pantelis Asvestas, and Dionisis Cavouras
Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece
Abstract—In this study a Computer-Aided Microscopy (CAM) system is proposed for
investigating the importance of the histological criteria involved in diagnosing of cancers in
microscopy in order to suggest the more informative features for discriminating low from
high-grade brain tumours. Four families of criteria have been examined, involving the
grey-level variations (i.e. texture), the morphology (i.e. roundness), the architecture (i.e.
cellularity) and the overall tumour qualities (expert’s ordinal scale). The proposed CAM
system was constructed using a modified Seeded Region Growing algorithm for image
segmentation, and the Probabilistic Neural Network classifier for image classification. The
implementation was designed on a commercial Graphics Processing Unit card using parallel
programming. The system’s performance using textural, morphological, architectural and
ordinal information was 90.8%, 87.0%, 81.2% and 88.9% respectively. Results indicate that
nuclei texture is the most important family of features regarding the degree of malignancy,
and, thus, may guide more accurate predictions for discriminating low from high grade
gliomas. Considering that nuclei texture is almost impractical to be encoded by visual
observation, the need to incorporate computer-aided diagnostic tools as second opinion in
daily clinical practice of diagnosing rare brain tumours may be justified.
Index Terms—Computer-assisted microscopy, cancer, Seeded Region Growing, Graphics
Processing Unit, Probabilistic Neural Network, brain tumours, breast tumours.
IP0087
Iterative Contextual CV Model for Liver Segmentation
Hongwei Ji, Jiangping He and Xin Yang
Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
Abstract—In this paper, we propose a novel iterative active contour algorithm, i.e. Iterative
Contextual CV Model (ICCV), and apply it to automatic liver segmentation from 3D CT
images. ICCV is a learning-based method and can be divided into two stages. At the first
stage, i.e. the training stage, given a set of abdominal CT training images and the
corresponding manual liver labels, our task is to construct a series of self-correcting
classifiers by learning a mapping between automatic segmentations (in each round) and
manual reference segmentations via context features. At the second stage, i.e. the
segmentation stage, first the basic CV model is used to segment the image and subsequently
Contextual CV Model (CCV), which combines the image information and the current shape
model, is iteratively performed to improve the segmentation result. The current shape model
is obtained by inputting the previous automatic segmentation result into the corresponding
self-correcting classifier. The proposed method is evaluated on the datasets of MICCAI 2007
liver segmentation challenge. The experimental results show that we obtain more and more
accurate segmentation results by the iterative steps and satisfying results are obtained after
about six iterations. Also, our method is comparable to the state-of-the-art work on liver
segmentation.
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Index Terms—Liver segmentation, active contour, CV model, context feature, iterative
contextual CV model, shape model.
IP0089
H.264/AVC Digital Fingerprinting Based on Spatio-Temporal Just Noticeable Distortion Karima Ait Saadi, Ahmed Bouridane and Guessoum Abderrazek
Centre de Développement des Technologies Avancées, (CDTA), Algeria
Abstract—This paper presents a robust adaptive embedding scheme using a modified
Spatio-Temporal noticeable distortion (JND) model that is designed for tracing the
distribution of the H.264/AVC video content and protecting them from unauthorized
redistribution. The Embedding process is performed during coding process in selected
macroblocks type Intra 4x4 within I-Frame. The method uses spread-spectrum technique in
order to obtain robustness against collusion attacks and the JND model to dynamically adjust
the embedding strength and control the energy of the embedded fingerprints so as to ensure
their imperceptibility. Linear and non linear collusion attacks are performed to show the
robustness of the proposed technique against collusion attacks while maintaining visual
quality unchanged.
Index Terms—Active video fingerprinting; Tardos fingerprinting code; content adaptive
watermarking; H.264/AVC codec.
Room 3
Afternoon Session ICLSE 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 6(13:30pm-16:00pm)
Session Chair: Prof. Jun F. (James) Liang Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
G0003
Prospective Indonesian Plywood in the Global Market
Makkarennu and Akira Nakayasu Ehime University, Japan
Abstract—Since the mid-1980s, Indonesia has emerged as one of the biggest plywood
suppliers in the world. Indonesian plywood has dominated many major markets around the
world. However, due to economic crisis in 1997/1998 and other factors, the industry
experienced a decline in overseas markets which in which influenced the production and trade
sectors. In the last few years, Indonesian plywood industry has done many efforts of recovery,
find new market and continue enhancement of products image in international market. To
determine the potential future market for Indonesian plywood, current of Indonesian plywood
and trend of plywood exported were investigated. For the purpose of the study, data export
plywood to sixteen countries for five years (2008-2012) were collected. The obtained data
was analyzed by using single exponential smoothing method. Mean Absolute Percentage
Error (MAPE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) are also used to calculating demand sales
forecast accuracy. The average of total production plywood from Indonesia will significantly
increase from 3.3 million m3 in 2012 to 3.5 million m3 in 2014. The most prospective market
of Indonesian plywood is Japan and followed by China, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom
and the United Arab Emirates
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Index terms—Indonesian plywood, demand market, single exponential smoothing method
G0004
Lipase-Producing Bacterium and Its Enzyme Characterization
PatchaBoonmahome and WiyadaMongkolthanaruk
KhonKaen University, Thailand
Abstract—Recently, renewable energy is very important use for industrial development,
transport because it is environmental friendly and can reduce high cost of imported fossil fuel.
The evolution of biodiesel production has been reported in many researchers.
Transesterification process which is mainly reaction for biodiesel is required catalysts such as
acid, base catalyst or biocatalyst. In this study, 134 isolates were selected from soil
contaminated with oil in KhonKaen region by using culture medium containing 1% olive oil
and 0.0001% rhodamine B with incubation at 30°C for 48 h. These lipase-producing bacteria
were also determined their activities on agar medium with 1 % tributyrin. The isolate NA37
showed high lipase activity (190 mU/ml) detecting with p-nitrophenylpalmitate as a substrate.
Cooking-palm oil was contributed lipase production of the NA37 more than other oils. The
optimum temperature and pH for lipase production is 30°C and pH 9, resulting in lipase
activity of 481 mU/ml.
Index Terms—Bacterial lipase, rhodamine B, tributyrin
G0005
Screening and Potential for Biological Control of Anthracnose Disease
(ColletotrichumCapsici) on Chili Fruits by Yeast Isolates
PunikaChaisemsaeng, WiyadaMongkolthanaruk, and WandeeBunyatratchata
KhonKaen University, Thailand
Abstract—Antagonistic yeasts to Colletotrichumcapsici were isolated from rhizosphere soil,
fruits and leaves of chili plants. The majority of yeast isolates (60 isolates; 31.09%) were
isolated from rhizosphere soil. In dual culture tests, five of the isolates screened (HS6, SS11,
SLD5, SS10 and PLN13) were found to inhibit C. capsici growth with biocontrol efficacies as
43.12%, 42.50%, 41.87, 41.25 and 40.62%, respectively. Morphological characteristics of
them were examined by observing cell and colony patterns. They produced
septatepseudohyphae, holoblastic budding and ascospore with two-layers. The colony of each
antagonistic yeast was globose, mucoid, white, glistering, raised and smooth. Based on
statistical analysis, these antagonistic yeasts (HS6, SS11, SLD5, SS10 and PLN13) could
significantly control disease incidence in chili fruits when compared control. The most
effective antagonistic isolate was PLN13, the percentage of survival in chili fruits being
60.00 %.
Index Terms—Biological control, antagonistic yeast, anthracnose disease, chili fruit
G0006
Antioxidant Properties of VaticaPauciflora and VaticaLowii Extracts
AisyahSalihahKamarozaman, JalifahLatip, and Wan Z.W.M. Zain
Mara University of Technology, Malaysia
Abstract—Ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol crude extracts of the woods and twigs of
Vaticapauciflora as well as the woods and the stem barks of Vaticalowii have been examined
for their antioxidative properties. In this study, Diphenylpicryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), Total
Phenolic Content (TPC), Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) and Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods
were used to determine the antioxidant properties of the crude extracts. A good correlation
was observed among the DPPH, FTC and TBA results of the ethanol crude extract from the
twigs of V.pauciflora(VTR)and acetone crude extract from the woods of V. lowii(VLBA). In
conclusion, VTR and VLBA crude extracts had demonstrated the strongest antioxidant
activity compared to other crude extracts in their species respectively.
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Index Terms—Vaticapauciflora, Vaticalowii, crude, antioxidative, correlation
G0007
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Properties, and Cell Imaging of Novel Chlorinated Fluorescent
Proteins-labeling Probe
Xiang-Long Wu and Wu-Tu Fan
Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
Abstract—A novel chlorinated fluorescent proteins-labeling probe with a linker and reactive
group was prepared in 7 steps by the reaction of resorcinol with 3,
6-dichloro-4-carboxyphthalic anhydride in the presence of methanesulfonic acid. The spectral
properties and the pH dependence of the chlorinated fluorescein were studied. This
fluorescent probe showed absorbance peak at 508 nm and fluorescence peak at 524 nm. It was
found that it has absorption and emission maxima at long wavelengths and high fluorescence
quantum yield. Structures of target compounds and intermediates were determined by IR, MS, 1H NMR and element analysis. The fluorescence imaging of living cells showed that it was
localized in cell nucleus. This probe will be a useful reagent for the preparation of stable
fluorescent conjugates.
Index terms—Fluorescent dye, probe dye, cell imaging, spectroscopic properties, synthesis
G0009
Isolation and Characterization of Algicidal Bacterium against the Toxic
CyanobacteriumMicrocystisAeruginosa
KanchariyaPhakhajon and TheerasakSomdee
KhonKaenUniversity, Thailand
Abstract—Aquatic bacteria were isolated from eutrophic lake in KhonKaen Province,
Thailand. One hundred and eighty eight bacterial isolates were screened for
anti-cyanobacterial activity against the toxic cyanobacteriumMicrocystisaeruginosaby
well-diffusion and liquid-culture methods. The result showed that five isolates (KKU-A3,
KKU-A6, KKU-C3, KKU-D4 and KKU-E5) were capable of inhibiting M. aeruginosa. The
strain KKU-A3 showed the strongest anti-Microcystis by both methods. The pH optimal
conditions for the growth of isolate KKU-A3 were found to be pH 8. Glucose and casein were
found to be the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. On the basis of
morphological, cultural, physiological and chemical studies indicated that strain KKU-A3
belonged to the genus Streptomyces.
Index Terms—Anti-microcystis; microcystisaeruginosa; biological control
G0010
Isolation and Characterization of Microcystin-Degrading Bacterium
YupinPhujomjai and TheerasakSomdee
KhonKaen University, Thailand
Abstract—The most commonly encountered cyanobacterial toxins in freshwater are
microcystins. Microcystins are extremely stable and resistant to chemical hydrolysis or
oxidation and can cause illness or death in animals and humans. In this study, a total of 15
bacterial strains were isolated and screened for microcystindegradative activity from
KaenNakhon Lake, KhonKaen Province, Thailand. Among these isolates, KKU-12
demonstrated degradative activity. It is an aerobic, gram-negative, slow-growing bacterium
and formed pale yellow-colored colonies. It was established that the optimal degradative
activity of NV-3 with cell concentration of 1.5x108 CFU/ml at 30
oC was 25 µg/ml
microcystins within 1 day.
Index Terms—Biodegradation, microcystin, Cyanobacteria
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G0011
Heart Cycle Length Modulation by Electrical Neurostimulation in the High
RightHuman Atrium
Antje Pohl, Barbara Bellmann, NimaHatam, Patrick Schauerte, and Steffen Leonhardt
RWTH Aachen University, Germany
Abstract—Today, high resting heart rates are known to be an independent risk factor for a
higher overall mortality, irrespective of underlying coronary diseases. Neurostimulation is a
fast growing, wide spread approach to treat various disorders by electrical stimulation of
specific nerve cells. We present a technique of intracardiacneurostimulation to the
parasympathetic tone in the high right human atrium in the sinoatrial node area. Investigations
include recording the decreasing effects of heart rate, the anatomical endocardial visualization
of the right atrium, and developing gradient maps with parasympathetic and sympathetic
nerve bundles. During an ablation procedure within the sinus rhythm, patients are stimulated
with a bipolar electrode catheter which can be detected by an electroanatomical navigation
system. Sinus cycle length and corresponding ventricular heart rate are recorded before,
during and after stimulation and show a direct correlation with the start and end of
stimulation.
Index Terms—Electrical neurostimulation, modulation of heart rate,
intracardiacelectrograms, heart rate reduction
G0012
Overexpression of Ribosomal Genes Suppress Poly-Q (Glutamine) Induced Toxicity of
Human Huntington’S Disease Protein in Yeast
RishovChatterjee, BiranchiPatra, Garrett Lui, and Manita Cha-Um
Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, USA
Abstract—Huntington’s disease is a hereditary neurodegenerative disease in which a few cell
types in the sub-cortical brains undergo selective degeneration leading to neurological and
cognitive decline and death. The disease is caused by expanded CAG repeat within the first
exon of the Huntington gene (HTT). However, the mechanisms of molecular pathogenesis of
this disease are not well understood. There is currently no therapy or a cure. We used a
model of the disease in the simple organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae that previous workers
in the field had successfully utilized to determine putative molecular mechanisms related to
the disease. Using this model, we identified 41 novel genes that appear to suppress the toxic
effects of the mutant genes. We generated a network of physical and genetic interactions
among the human homologs of these novel suppressor genes, and analysis of this network
allowed us to propose for the first time that mRNA degradation mechanisms might be
affected in the diseased cells.
Index Terms—Huntington’s disease, systems biology, disease model, genetic modifier,
suppressor network, disease gene network
G0013
Expression and Purification of GnT15 an N-acetylglucosamine Binding Protein from
Dictyosteliumdiscoideum in E. coli
Kuo-Yuan Hwa, Pei-ChiehTien, and BoopathiSubramani
National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan
Abstract—Glycosyltransferases play an essential role in protein glycosylation, localization
and function. In Dictyosteliumdiscoideum(D.discoideum), four GlcNActransferases genes,
gnt12, gnt13, gnt14 and gnt15 were identified by an in silico approach based on their
similarity to mammalian GlcNActransferase. The glycosyltransferase activities of these gene
products were unknown. In this study, we expressed D.discoideumGlcNActransferase
(DdGnT15) in E.coliand its biochemical function was explored. The phylogenetic alignment
showed DdGnT15 had higher similarity with hs β3GnT1 among the 9 human β3GnTs. The
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
expressed DdGnT15 protein was purified by Ni-NTA column and confirmed by Western blot.
The DdGnT15 showed no GlcNActransferase activity with pyridylaminated
lacto-N-neotetraose as substrate under in vitro conditions.The carbohydrate binding activity
of DdGnT15 was measured by incubating with affinity matrix containing immobilized
carbohydrates. DdGnT15 bound to a matrix containing immobilized N-acetylglucosamine,
but not to other carbohydrates. These results helped to conclude that DdGnT15 is a
carbohydrate binding protein with binding specificity similar to that of wheat germ agglutinin.
We hypothesize that DdGnT15 is the first identified D.discoideumGlcNAclectin.
Index Terms—Dictyosteliumdiscoideum, GnT15, LARGE, sugar binding, lectin
G1002
Monitoring the Effects of Precipitation and Pineapple Cultivation on the Dynamics of
Nutrients and Chemical Properties in Peat Soils
NurQursynabt Boll Kassim, Adzmi bin Yaacob, and Abd Rashid bin Ahmad
Universiti Technologi Mara, Malaysia
Abstract—This study aimed at monitoring the effects of precipitation and pineapple
cultivation on the dynamics of nutrients and chemical properties of peat soils. Soil samples
were taken from 3 years and 4 years old pineapple plots as well as from an uncultivated
natural peat at 0-25 and 25-50cm depths from January 2012 until June 2012. Samples were
oven-dried, sieved and analyzed for total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Na, Mg, CEC,
total C, conductivity and soil pH. Results of the analysis showed that available P,
exchangeable K, Mg, Na and CEC were significantly affected by both precipitation and
pineapple cultivation activities. Total C and exchangeable Ca were only affected by
precipitation whereas conductivity was related to cultivation activity. It can be concluded that
the amount of precipitation and pineapple cultivation activities influence nutrient availability
in peat soils.
Index Terms—Peat, nutrient, chemical properties, pineapple, precipitation, cultivated
16:00pm-16:10pm Coffee Break
Afternoon Session JCESD 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 7(16:10pm-19:00pm)
Session Chair: Associate Prof. Takaaki Wajima Chiba University, Japan
CD0140
Assimilative Capacity Analysis of Air Pollutants over the Dawai Industrial Complex Sarawut Thepanondh and Nittaya Jitbantoung
Monash University, Australia
Abstract—The assimilative capacity of Dawai industrial complex, located in Mynamar has
been evaluated by the AERMOD air dispersion model. Maximum emission loadings of
PM-10, SO2 and NO2 are calculated and presented in the unit of amount per unit of time as
well as amount per area per unit of time. Assimilative capacity concentration is determined by
subtract the 90% of air pollution standard with the exiting measured air concentration in the
study area. Then the maximum loading is calculated using those assimilative capacity values.
It is found that assimilative capacity of PM-10, SO2 and NO2 in this area are 0.0025, 0.0031
and 0.0075 kg/ha/day, respectively. By considering the modeled results of maximum ground
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level concentration, it is found that dispersions of air pollutants in this study are greatly
affected by complex topographical characteristic of the area.
Index Terms—Air model, assimilative capacity, Dawai industrial complex.
CD0142
Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on the Adsorption of Cd (II) and Zn (II)
ions from Aqueous Solutions onto Bottom Ash
Hatairat Sukpreabprom, Orn-anong Arquero, Wimol Naksata, Ponlayuth Sooksamiti, and
Sorapong Janhom
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Abstract—Bottom ash is a waste material obtained from electricity generation through
combustion of coal at the Mae Moh power plant in Thailand. The adsorption of Cd (II) and Zn
(II) ions from aqueous solutions onto bottom ash was studied using batch experiments. The
effect of pH, contact time and temperature were investigated. Adsorption isotherm data for
metal ions was analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm
properly described the adsorption data for all studied temperatures. The results revealed that
the adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic
parameters such as Gibbs free energy change (∆G°), enthalpy change (∆H°) and entropy
change (∆S°) were investigated. The calculated values showed that the adsorption process for
both Cd (II) and Zn (II) ions was endothermic.
Index Terms—Bottom ash, adsorption, isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic.
CD0143
Preparation of Activated Carbon Derived from Rice Husk by Simple Carbonization and
Chemical Activation for Using as Gasoline Adsorbent
Arunrat Cheenmatchaya and Sukjit Kungwankunakorn
Chiang Mai University, Chiangmai, Thailand
Abstract—Rice from Thailand is the top ranking of the world. The by-product of rice
manufacturing is rice husk, which its usefulness is not fully attempt. The aims of research are
to make value-added activated carbons of rice husk and to study the optimum conditions for
gasoline adsorption using these activated carbons as adsorbents. All samples were analyzed
for gasoline adsorption by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The activated
carbon of rice husk, which activated by H3PO4 at temperature of 450 °C, has the highest
adsorption capacity. According to gasoline adsorption study, the optimum conditions were 0.1
g of activated carbon, 70 °C of adsorption temperature and 30 minutes of adsorption time.
Physical characterization of the activated carbon obtained was performed by scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). The results present that the activated carbon of rice husk
possesses a high apparent surface area (SBET = 336.35 m2/g). They thus encourage the use of
activated carbon of rice husk as an adsorbent for the qualitative analysis of gasoline in order
to apply for gasoline sampling in arson case and to reduce the analysis cost from commercial
adsorbent.
Index Terms—Rice husk, activated carbon, gasoline, adsorption.
CD0146
The Potency of Phytoplankton in The Lakes of Universitas Indonesia (UI) As The
“Carbon-Eater”: A Preliminary Study in Revealing The Lake As A Possibly Another
Carbon Bank
S. Zahra, Ardiantiono, D. Oktavia, and E. Hardian
Universitas Indonesia (UI)
Abstract—Phytoplankton is well-known as microorganism that can undergo photosynthesis
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and can only be found in aquatic ecosystems. Universitas Indonesia (UI), Depok, has six
lakes: Kenanga, Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam Lake. Those lakes are proved to
have an important role in regulating water circulation in UI and surroundings. However, study
about the role of those lakes in storing carbon which is resulted from photosynthesis done by
phytoplankton has not been conducted yet. We have done this study by using the
light-and-dark bottle method in five kinds of depth in each lake. That method is used to obtain
net productivity (NP) value then the result converted into the carbon sequestration rate (CSR).
Analysis of NP in each lake is done by comparing several parameters (depth, turbidity, and
biomass). Result of our study shows that NP has negative correlation with every parameter we
observed and has varied significance value, i.e. NP-depth (sig: 0.001), NP-turbidity (sig:
0.001), and NP-biomass (sig: 0.05). Based on calculations, six observed lakes have total of
CSR in the amount of 12,88 kg/hour. Knowing these facts could improve our knowledge to
determine what kind of lake which can be potentially used as carbon bank and maintain it
wisely.
Index Terms—Carbon sequestration rate, lake, phytoplankton, primary productivity.
CD0148
Biomass Type Selection for Boilers Using TOPSIS Multi-Criteria Model
S. Saelee, B. Paweewan, R. Tongpool, T. Witoon, J. Takada, and K. Manusboonpurmpool
Kasetsart University, Thailand
Abstract—Biomass has been an important renewable alternative fuel for boilers in Thailand.
In this paper, a multi-criteria model in making complex decisions by Technique for Order
Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was adopted as tool to select the
preferred biomass from three typical biomass types (wood chips, palm shells and wood
pellets). The multi-criteria are efficiency, price, ease to operate, Global Warming Potential
(GWP) and Acidification Potential (AP). The boiler efficiency was measured by direct
method in actual industrial boiler in Thailand. The prices were based on average Thailand
market price as of January 2013. The ease to operate was obtained by factory operator
interview. Global Warming Potentialand Acidification Potentialwere assessed by Life Cycle
Assessment (LCA) method. The decision weighting values for efficiency, price, ease to
operate, global warming potential and acidification potential were obtained by factory
management interview at 30%, 30%, 10%, 20% and 10% respectively. TOPSIS selected
wood chips as the most preferable biomass type followed by palm shells as second choice and
wood pellets as third choice. The TOPSIS value equations to find preferred biomass type for
different decision weighting values were then developed for general uses.
Index Terms—Biomass, boiler, efficiency, LCA, TOPSIS.
CD0149
Air Assimilative Capacity for Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide: Case Study the
Eastern Region of Thailand
Jaeraya Ruangkawsakun and Sarawut Thepanondh
Mahidol University, Thailand
Abstract—The assimilative capacity of the Eastern region, Thailand is estimated by using
ventilation coefficient data and air quality model. Box model is used to predict the spatial and
temporal distribution of two pollutants namely SO2 and NO2. Meteorological characteristic of
the study area in the year 2010 was selected in the analysis. The results indicated that
Tha-Takiap, Chachaengsao was the highest assimilative capacity of SO2 and NO2. Temporal
variation of assimilative capacity of air pollution in the study area in which the highest
carrying capacity was in November.
Index Terms—Air assimilative capacity, air quality model, ventilation coefficient
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CD0150
Source Apportionment Analysis of Airborne Volatile Organic Compounds in
Maptaphut, Thailand
Waewta Khantee and Sarawut Thepanondh
Mahidol University, Thailand
Abstract—This study is aimed to identify source of VOCs in Maptaphut sub-district, Rayong
province, Thailand. VOCs ambient concentrations data from Pollution Control Department
(PCD) were analyzed by receptor model using principal component analysis (PCA) and
BTEX ratios. BTEX ratios of monitoring data in Maptaphut area were similar to ratios of
roadside (Dindaeng) monitoring station which indicated that major emission source of VOCs
in Maptaphut area was mobile source. Principal component analysis of the data from Health
Promotion Hospital Maptaphut (HMTP) monitoring station was divided in 12 principal
components (PCs) as same as PCA for roadside (Dindaeng) station. Some PC of HMTP
monitoring station was contained VOCs profile similar to roadside station.
Index Terms—Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), maptaphut, BTEX ratios, principal
component analysis (PCA).
CD0151
Information Sharing in Socio-Technical System Demonstration Tests: Using Smart Grid
System Demonstration Tests in Japan
Youngjae Koh
Konan University, Nishinomiya, Japan
Abstract—This paper clarifies processes and the factor that promote to share information
about results of socio-technical systems demonstration test which is conducted by firms who
have different interest. By examining a smart grid system demonstration test in Kansai
Science and Yokohama Cities in Japan, this paper has two major findings.
First, information sharing among firms and institutions on demonstration tests as a whole
project has been promoted by the Project Promotion Council of the demonstration test which
is organized by the regional government of the demonstration test area invested one-third of
the subsidy to demonstration test area.
Second, the regional government of the demonstration test area works as a coordinator to
promote information sharing between firms who participated in demonstration test. Moreover,
they also work as a coordinator between firms and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
(METI) of Japan who invest two-thirds of subsidy.
What became evident through this case study is for promoting information sharing among
firms who have different interest should be consider establishing the information sharing
organizational system by the test regional government-led and putting them as a coordinator
on demonstration phase.
Index Terms—Information sharing among firms, smart grid system, socio-technical system,
role of the regional government of the demonstration test area.
CD0152
Removal of Bromide from Desalinated Water Using Hydrotalcite
Takaaki Wajima
Chiba University, Japan
Abstract—Bromide (Br−) can form disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water
sterilization (chlorination or ozonation) processes, and these DBPs have adverse effects on
human health. In this study, we tried to remove Br− from desalinated water, which was
produced from seawater by spray flash desalination, using hydrotalcite (HT), before
sterilization, for use as drinking water. Although HT did not remove Br− from desalinated
water by ion exchange, calcined HT removed Br− by reconstruction. Br
− removal by
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
reconstruction of calcined HT became saturated at sample/solution = 2 g/L after reaction for 2
h, and increased with increasing temperature. The adsorption kinetics was examined based on
pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order reaction models, and the adsorption rate
constants for these kinetics models were calculated. Adsorption experiments demonstrated
that the adsorption process fitted a pseudo-second-order kinetics model better than a
pseudo-first-order model.
Index Terms—Br
− removal, hydrotalcite, ion exchange, reconstruction.
CD0153
Reduction of Bromine Compounds in Oil Produced from Brominated Flame Retardant
Plastics via Pyrolysis Using a Reflux Condenser
Z. Z. Hlaing, T. Wajima, S. Uchiyama and H. Nakagome
Chiba University, Japan
Abstract—In this study, brominated acrylonitrile–styrene– butadiene (Br-ABS) was
pyrolyzed at 450°C using a reflux condenser. Br-ABS resins were pyrolyzed in the glass
reactor with a reflux condenser, and the reflux condenser temperature was varied from 150°C
to 200°C to reduce the bromine compounds in the oil produced via pyrolysis. The components
of the oils produced from Br-ABS via pyrolysis at 450°C included isopropyl alcohol, toluene,
ethylbenzene, styrene, cumene, propylbenzene, ᾳ-methylstyrene, butylbenzene, and other
aromatic compounds. The bromine compounds were 2-bromophenol, 3-bromophenol, and
2,4-dibromophenol. With increasing reflux condenser temperature, the yield of oil decreased,
the yield of residue increased, and the yield of bromine compounds decreased. Hence, the
concentrations of bromine compounds in oil obtained without a reflux condenser were higher
than that obtained with a reflux condenser, which indicates that the reflux condenser is
effective for reduction of bromine compounds in oil produced via pyrolysis.
Index Terms—Flame retardant, ABS, bromine compound, pyrolysis, reflux condenser.
CD0155
Waste Management Scenario through Community Based Waste Bank: A Case Study of
Kepanjen District, Malang Regency, Indonesia
Hasfarm D. Purba, Christia Meidiana, and Dimas W. Adrianto
Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Abstract—The population growth in Kepanjen District leads to the waste volume increase.
Due to the fact that the landfill in this area is approaching its maximum capacity, the local
government needs to find out other alternatives to treat the waste. This article proposes one
sort of solutions to prolong the landfill’s age through waste minimization involving
community participation. Therefore, waste reduction through waste bank has been initiated in
Kepanjen District. The primary survey in form of deep interview with related stakeholders
has been conducted to gain the data used for community participation analysis. The output of
community participation analysis is the level of community participation. The assessment of
participation level is used five indicators of participation rate determined by local
government. Afterwards, scenario approach is used. The scenario is made based on the level
of participation in Kepanjen District. The result showed that Kepanjen District has three kind
of participation rate which are low, medium, and high participation. Consequently, the
scenarios proposed are pessimist scenario, fair scenario, and optimist scenario for low,
medium, and high participation respectively. Pessimist scenario focuses on avoiding the
community to do open burning causing air pollution and health injury. Meanwhile, the fair
scenario starts to introduce the institution to the community to conduct the capacity building
of the community in waste separation. The optimist scenario proposes the implementation of
waste bank involving the community.
Index Terms—Waste Bank, Community Participation, Waste Management Scenario.
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CD0156
A 3R Implementation Framework to Enable Circular Consumption in Community
Q. Z. Yang, Jifeng Zhou, and Kaihua Xu
Circular Economy Research Center and GEM High-Tech Co. Ltd, China
Abstract—Circular consumption is an indispensible part of a circular economic system for
sustaining the economic growth and mitigating environmental degradation and resource
depletion. How to put circular consumption into practice is however a challenge. This paper
presents the development of an implementation framework, based on the reduce-reuse-recycle
(3R) principle of the Circular Economy theory, for enabling circular consumption in
community and for accelerating the pro-3R lifestyle change at the household level. The
framework consists of a set of 3R functions to support residents’ practicing circular
consumption, a carbon labeling and carbon credit scheme, a partnership program with
producers and distributors, and mechanisms to shape pro-3R habits and sustainable lifestyles
in community. The framework has been implemented in twenty 3R-enabled community shops
in Wuhan and Jingmen cities in China. They demonstrate a novel type of functions that
retailing shops can perform in encouraging 3R activities to achieve the goals of circular
consumption.
Index Terms—3R principle, behavioral change, circular consumption, circular economy.
CD0158
Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in
Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand
S. Bootdee and S. Chantara
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Abstract—The inhalation of fine particles (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been
associated with health problems. Incense burning is an important indoor source of these
pollutants. This research aims to measure PM2.5 and NO2 emitted from incense burning in
shrines on special occasions and during normal periods to assess the indoor air quality changes.
PM2.5 samples were collected on Teflon filters using a mini volume air sampler set up inside
the shrines, while NO2 samples were collected by tube type passive samplers, set up both
indoors and outdoors. When special events were compared with normal occasions, the mean
PM2.5 concentrations obtained from 8 and 24 hrs were significantly different (p<0.05).
Moreover, their concentrations were significantly higher on Chinese New Year than on other
special occasions. In the case of NO2, the concentrations were not different among a variety
of special occasions, but were higher than the values measured during the normal periods.
Moreover, NO2 concentrations were not found to be significantly different when the indoor
and the outdoor values were compared. The values of PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations at both
shrines were highest during the Chinese New Year. The main reason for this was clearly the
number of visitors, which was related with the amount of incense being burned.
Concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 were well correlated (r = 0.580 - 0.779) in every occasion.
It can be concluded that the amount of incense being burned played a significant role in
pollutant emissions and the indoor air quality.
Index Terms—PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, incense burning, indoor air quality.
CD0159
Measurement and Analysis of the Vertical Distribution Characteristic of the
Atmospheric Particle Concentration in Beijing District
Dawei Li and Yuening Bai
Beijing Jiaotong University, China
Abstract—In this paper, the vertical distributions of atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5
and PM10) around residential building and in open space in Beijing district are measured and
analyzed. The PM data in residential building environment is obtained by measuring it at each
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floor windows of the building, and the data in open space is obtained by measuring it at a
rising hot-air balloon. The vertical distribution characteristics of PM concentration for
different conditions of wind speed and direction are discussed. It is found that the distribution
of PM concentration is in close association with the changing of wind for both residential
building environment and open space. The results show that in breeze day, the highest
atmospheric particle concentration around the residential building appears at a height about
20 m, and the coverage heights (defined by PM value less than 80 of that on ground) of
PM2.5 and PM10 in free space are about 400 m and 100 m respectively; but for strong windy
day, the distribution of atmospheric particles tends to be smooth along the residential
building, and the coverage heights of PM2.5 and PM 10 in free space are all about 300 m.
This paper also investigates the relationship between the vertical attenuation of PM
concentration and the speed of wind at different heights. The natural accumulation
phenomenon of atmospheric PM under the effect of microgravity is observed.
Index Terms—Air pollution, particle number concentration, PM, vertical distribution.
Room 4
Afternoon Session ICSIM 2013 & ICCTD 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 8(13:30pm-16:00pm)
Session Chair: Will be given soon
CS002
Evolutionary Framework of a Decision Support System for Forensic DNA Analysis
Noor Maizura Mohamad Noor, Mohd Iqbal Hakim Harun and Ahmad Faiz Ghazali
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
Abstract—DNA profiles from forensic evidence have contributed significantly in criminal
investigations. DNA profiles can be developed using several techniques including Short
Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis. The algorithm for data visualization in forensic DNA analysis
will be employed into a series of formulas by using a mathematical model that will be
represented by a graphical model. By applying visualization, it can increase the value of using
linear planning charts which, when combined with images pertaining to the distribution of
resource usage in time and space, permits additional insights on the quality of a schedule to be
glean.
CS012
S&P 500 Forecasting by Fuzzy Neural Network
Shang Jen Chuang and Chung Yung Lee
Abstract—In order to establish a new method to predict the highest-price, lowest-price, and
the close-price in the daily S&P 500 Index, this research use a combination of Back
-propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Fuzzy Controller as the tools to build up models.
The data used in this research were collected between 03. Jan. 2000 to 02. Nov. 2012, 3230
days in total. The neural network input variables include daily open-price, a day before, two
days before, and a week prior’s open-price, close-price, highest-price, lowest price, and the
trading volume. The data collected from 2000~2007 were used for training; while those from
2008~2012 were used for testing.
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CS014
Measurements and Analysis of Spectrum Occupancy in the Cellular and TV Bands
Shanjeevan Jayavalan, Hafizal Mohamad, Norazizah Mohd Aripin, Aiman Ismail, Nordin
Ramli, Azmi Yaacob and Ming Ann Ng
Abstract—In this paper, we investigate spectrum occupancy focusing on cellular and TV
broadcasting bands. Recently, TV band has attracted much attention due to the potential to
exploit the available white space, if any, to improve spectrum utilization opportunistically. TV
white space is a portion of spectrum in the UHF/VHF bands which is not utilized based on
time and location. For the sake of comparison, measurements have also been conducted to
investigate spectrum occupancy in cellular band, which is normally assumed to be fully
utilized. The findings in this paper are important to provide insight of the actual spectrum
utilization in the TV and cellular bands in Malaysia as compared to studies conducted in other
countries.
CS015
Investigation of Formal Methods based on Algebraic Specifications for Sensor Systems
Masaki Nakamura, Akira Urashima, Tomoji Toriyama, Takahiro Seino and Kokichi
Futatsugi
Abstract—We propose a way to use CafeOBJ algebraic specification language for describing
formal specifications of sensor systems and for verifying desired properties to be satisfied by
the systems. We give a way to not only verify specifications but also generate test cases from
the results of verifications. Although we take a simple mobile device application using
acceleration sensor as an example, our approach may be applied to practical sensor systems.
CS016
Extraction of Usefulness Factors of Reviews by Factor Analysis
Kenjo Yasui, Fumiko Harada, and Hiromitsu Shimakawa
Abstract—Customers buy products without watching and using products directly in
online-shopping. Customers cannot know product's details. Customers can make mistake in
selecting products and regret this selection. Our research aims to extract useful information
for deciding products customers buy in product review of online-shopping websites. We can
prevent customers' regret by using this information. In this paper, we discover common
factors between useful reviews for deciding products customers buy in online-shopping. We
use factor analyses of actual reviews to discover common factors. We make the dataset for
factor analyses in an experiment. The dataset is the set of critical sentences of actual reviews
and their scores to evaluate their characteristics, which the examinees give. In this result, we
can extract the common factors by which the useful reviews can be derived with the precision
over 50 %. The common factors can be used for extracting useful information in reviews.
Customers can shop without regrets in online-shopping by showing this information.
CS017
Empirical Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Fault Prediction
Arvinder Kaur andInderpreet Kaur
Guru gobind singh indraprastha university, delhi, india
Abstract—Producing quality software is a very challenging task looking at the size and complexity of
software developed these days. Predicting software quality early helps in using testing resources
optimally. So, many statistical and machine learning techniques are used to predict quality classes in
software. In this work, six machine learning classifiers have been used to estimate the fault proneness
of 5885 classes used in five open source software on the basis of object-oriented metrics calculated on
these classes. Bagging and J48 classifiers turn out to be the best one amongst the classifiers used.
Index Terms— Classifiers, Fault Proneness,Object-Oreiented Software Metrics, Quality Metrics.
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T011
Classifying Imbalanced Data using an SVM Ensemble with K-Means Clustering in
Semicondutor Test Process
EUN-MI PARK and JEE-HYONG LEE
Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
Abstract—In the semiconductor manufacturing process, it is important to predict defective
chips in advance for reduction of test cost and early stabilization of the production process.
However, highly imbalanced datasets in the semiconductor test process degrade the
performance of prediction. In order to enhance an SVM Ensemble, this study presents an
improved methodology using the K-means, which clusters the majority class and the minority
class before training an SVM. A result of the experiment with the actual data of the
semiconductor test process is reported to demonstrate that our approach outperforms other
methods in terms of classifying the imbalanced dataset.
T030
Video Geographic Information System using Mobile Mapping in Mobilephone Camera
Jinsuk Kang and Jae-Joon Lee
Ajou University, South Korea
Abstract—In this Paper is to develop core technologies such as automatic shape extraction
from images (video), spatial-temporal data processing, efficient modeling, and then make it
inexpensive and fast to build and process the huge 3D geographic data. The upgrade and
maintenance of the technologies are also easy due to the component-based system
architecture. Therefore, we designed and implemented the Video mobile GIS using a real-time
database system, which consisted of a real-time GIS engine, a middleware, and a mobile
client.
T034
Research on Location-Based Personalized Recommendation System
Huan Gao, Xi Tian, and Xiangling Fu
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Abstract—With the mobile Internet developing in China, the problem of information overload
has been brought to us. The traditional personalized recommendation cannot meet the needs
of the mobile Internet. In this paper, the recommendation algorithm is mainly based on the
collaborative filtering, but the new factors are introduced into the recommendation system.
The new system takes the user's location and friends’ recommendation into the personalized
recommendation system so that the recommendation system can meet the mobile Internet
requirements. Besides, this paper also puts forward the concept of moving business circle for
information filtering, which realizes the precise and real-time personalized recommendations.
This paper also proves the recommendation effects through collecting and analyzing the data,
which comes from the website of dianping.com.
T038
A High-Gain Observer-Based Pd Controller Design for Dynamic Positioning of Ships
Werneld Egno Ngongi and Jialu Du
Dalian Maritime University
Abstract—This paper addresses the problem of the dynamic positioning system of surface
ships in the presence of constant environmental disturbances. In this paper we propose a
high-gain observer-based PD controller to estimate unmeasured velocities of a surface ship.
Lyapunov stability theory is applied to prove its stability. Finally, simulation is carried out
using SIMULINK and appropriate results are obtained to illustrate the effectiveness and
performance of proposed controller.
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
T047
A Comparison of Efficiency of Data Transfer by Using Rsync, Rsync+Ssh and Dropbox
Wiman Banditvilai and Sirapat Boonkrong
King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok
Abstract—This paper presents a comparison of data transfer by using three protocols: Rsync,
Rsync+SSH and Dropbox on Ubuntu.The efficiency or the speed of the data transfer is
measured through data downloads and data retrievals. The results show that Rysnc is the most
efficient of the three protocols in both transfer speed and bandwidth usage.
T048
An Effective Self-Assessment based on Concept Map Extraction from Test-Sheet for
Personalized Learning
Keng-Hou Liew, Yu-Shih Lin, Yi-Chun Chang and Chih-Ping Chu
National Cheng Kung University
Abstract—Examination is a traditional way to assess learners’ learning status, progress and
performance after a learning activity. Except the test grade, a test sheet hides some implicit
information such as test concepts, their relationships, importance, and prerequisite. The
implicit information can be extracted and constructed a concept map for considering (1) the
test concepts covered in the same question means these test concepts have strong
relationships, and (2) questions in the same test sheet means the test concepts are relative.
Concept map has been successfully employed in many researches to help instructors and
learners organize relationships among concepts. However, concept map construction depends
on experts who need to take effort and time for the organization of the domain knowledge. In
addition, the previous researches regarding to automatic concept map construction are limited
to consider all learners of a class, which have not considered personalized learning. To cope
with this problem, this paper proposes a new approach to automatically extract and construct
concept map based on implicit information in a test sheet. Furthermore, the proposed
approach also can help learner for self-assessment and self-diagnosis. Finally, an example is
given to depict the effectiveness of proposed approach.
T053
Design of Mobile Interactive Learning Community Based on Electronic Cognitive
Apprenticeship Mechanism
Hong-Ren Chen and Ju-Hong Chen
National Taichung University of Education
Abstract—With the development of computer technology and the Internet, mobile learning
has become more important in E-learning applications. Being freed from traditional fixed
locations and times for the unilateral learning of formal curricula, a learning style allowing for
adaptation and interactivity as well as ubiquitous learning has emerged. From the perspective
of cognitive apprenticeship, in which learning cognition is guided by experts, and the
executive process of missions, objectives, and capacities is manifest, the master can observe
and discuss with the apprentices, and revise it toward a well-mixed interactive process,
promoting learner ability in diagnosing and reflecting upon errors. This study uses the
electronic cognitive apprenticeship system as the basis to integrate and construct a mobile
digital content learning community. Through the handheld devices or mobile devices used by
learners connected through wireless Internet, learners can read and learn digital content on
computer hardware fabrication. The learning behavior recorder for enhancing learner learning
activity, which integrates records for tracking and learning processes for the learner, in order
to conduct master discussion and guidance for apprentices in electronic cognitive
apprenticeship.
T2011 On the Laplacian Model for Particle-Based Simulation using Moving-Particle
Semi-Implicit (Mps) Method
Khai-Ching Ng and Tony Wen-Hann Sheu
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Universiti Tenaga Nasional
Abstract—A general form of Laplacian model is derived for the numerical framework of
Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) method. The existing proposals of MPS Laplacian
model available in the open literature can indeed be reproduced from this general Laplacian
model. Most importantly, the numerical accuracy of the evaluated Laplacian term particularly
on the irregular particle layout can be further improved by adjusting the tuning parameter
introduced in the general Laplacian model.
16:00pm-16:10pm Coffee Break
Afternoon Session ICGIP 2013 Authors’ Oral Presentation
Session 9(16:10pm-19:00pm)
Session Chair: Will be given soon
IP0093
Line Segment Linking Algorithm Based on Gradient Orientation
Bin Li, Wei Wang, Hao Ye
Tsinghua University, China
Abstract—Considering that existing line segment detection algorithms may detect a long line
segment as several short fragmented segments, a novel line segment linking algorithm is
proposed in this paper to improve the performance of line segment detection. Since the
gradient orientations of points on the Right Linking Segments (RLSs) have better consistency
than those on Wrong Linking Segments (WLSs), a feature descriptor is designed for each
candidate linking segment based on the gradient orientation information that can effectively
distinguish RLSs from WLSs. Experiment results of the testing images show that the
proposed method can greatly improve the original line segment detection results by
connecting most fragmented line segments more accurately.
Index Terms—line segment linking, image processing, Gradient Orientation
IP0095
Vector Features for Image Matching and Image Registration
Jianning Liang and Yan Zhou
East China University of Science and Technology, China
Abstract—Image matching plays an important role in a variety of applications. For matching
images, the features are needed to describe the local content of images. In this paper, we
proposed novel features (Vector Features) for image matching and image registration. The
vector features are based on the intensity differences of the pixels around the interesting
points and characterize the spatial distribution of gray values in an effective and efficient way.
In the experiments, the invariance of vector features to image rotation is verified. The vector
features perform well on the images of different focal lengths and the multi-view images. The
experiment on image registration demonstrates a good result.
Index Terms—Vector features, Image matching, Image registration.
IP0101 An Evaluation of Color Features for a Resistor Color Classification under Various
Illumination Situations
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Yoshihiro Mitani and Yoshihiko Hamamoto
Ube National College of Technology, Japan
Abstract—In a previous study, we examined color spaces to read resistor lines of 11 different
colors (black, brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, gray, white, and gold).
However, the color classification experiment was carried out only under a certain
illumination. In order effectively to classify real resistor color lines, the color classification
under various illumination conditions must be considered. In this paper, we examine 10 color
features (RGB, XYZ, YCbCr, YIQ, HSI, HSV, HLS, L*u*v*, L*a*b*, and I1I2I3) under the
various illumination. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the L*u*v* color
feature. Furthermore, in a very small training sample size situation, the classification
performance of the u*v* feature vector except for an intensity element L* outperforms that of
L*u*v*.
Index Terms—resistor reading, color features, various illumination, image processing
techniques, pattern recognition.
IP0103
Automated Identication of Mitochondrial Regions in Complex Intracellular Space by
Texture Analysis
Tuan D. Pham
The University of Aizu, Japan
Abstract—Automated processing and quantification of biological images have been rapidly
increasing the attention of researchers in image processing and pattern recognition because
the roles of computerized image and pattern analyses are critical for new biological findings
and drug discovery based on modern high-throughput and highcontent image screening. This
paper presents a study of the automated detection of regions of mitochondria, which are a
subcellular structure of eukaryotic cells, in microscopy images. The automated identification
of mitochondria in intracellular space that is captured by the state-of-the-art combination of
focused ion beam and scanning electron microscope imaging reported here is the first of its
type. Existing methods and a proposed algorithm for texture analysis were tested with the real
intracellular images. The high correction rate of detecting the locations of the mitochondria in
a complex environment suggests the effectiveness of the proposed study.
Index Terms—Identification of mitochondria; texture features; intracellular space;
high-content screening.
IP0105
Highlight Area Inpainting Guided by Illumination Model
Yifan Wang, Zhiguo Jiang and Jun Shi
Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and
Astronautics
Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media
Abstract—In this paper, we proposed a two-step algorithm based on the combination of the
exemplar-based algorithm and the illumination model to deal with specular images, especially
those contain saturated pixels in the highlight areas. First the proposed modified
exemplar-based algorithm is employed to process the unsaturated specular pixels under the
supervision of illumination model. Then we inpaint the rest regions in which the pixels are
saturated with original exemplar-based algorithm to obtain the final result. Experimental
results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs better on the images with saturated
pixels in the highlight areas compared with classical highlight removal and image inpainting
algorithms.
Index Terms—Specular component, diffuse component, saturated pixels, exemplar-based,
illumination model.
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
IP0107
Low-Complexity Demosaicing Via Multiscale Gradients
Chung-Yen Su and Yuh-Horng Chen
Department of Applied Electronics Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei,
Taiwan
Abstract—Demosaicing of the color filter array is one of the most important parts of the
image processing pipeline for single sensor digital cameras. In recent years, one of the most
successful algorithms is the multiscale gradients (MSG) algorithm. In this paper, several
modifications were made to the MSG algorithm such that the computational complexity is
significantly reduced while maintaining image quality.
Index Terms—Demosaicing, color interpolation, multiscale, low-complexity
IP0108
Estimation of Human Emotions Using Thermal Facial Information
Hung Nguyen, Kazunori Kotani, Fan Chen, and Bac Le
Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
Abstract—In recent years, research on human emotion estimation using thermal infrared (IR)
imagery has appealed to many researchers due to its invariance to visible illumination
changes. Although infrared imagery is superior to visible imagery in its invariance to
illumination changes and appearance differences, it has difficulties in handling transparent
glasses in the thermal infrared spectrum. As a result, when using infrared imagery for the
analysis of human facial information, the regions of eyeglasses are dark and eyes’ thermal
information is not given. We propose a temperature space method to correct eyeglasses’ effect
using the thermal facial information in the neighboring facial regions, and then use Principal
Component Analysis (PCA), Eigen-space Method based on class-features (EMC), and
PCA-EMC method to classify human emotions from the corrected thermal images. We
collected the Kotani Thermal Facial Emotion (KTFE) database and performed the
experiments, which show the improved accuracy rate in estimating human emotions.
Index Terms—Thermal facial information, estimation human emotion, principal component
analysis, eigen-space method based on class-feature, KTFE database.
IP0109
Pipeline Inwall 3D Measurement System Based on the Cross Structured Light
Da Shen, Zhipeng Lin, Lei Xue, Qiang Zheng, Zichi Wang
Shanghai University, China
Abstract—In order to accurately realize the defect detection of pipeline inwall, this paper
proposes a measurement system made up of cross structured light, single CCD camera and a
smart car, etc. Based on structured light measurement technology, this paper mainly
introduces the structured light measurement system, the imaging mathematical model, and the
parameters and method of camera calibration. Using these measuring principles and methods,
the camera in remote control car platform achieves continuous shooting of objects and
real-time rebound processing as well as utilizing established model to extract 3D point cloud
coordinate to reconstruct pipeline defects, so it is possible to achieve 3D automatic
measuring, and verifies the correctness and feasibility of this system. It has been found that
this system has great measurement accuracy in practice.
Index Terms—Pipeline inwall, cross structured light, single CCD camera, calibration, 3D
measurement
IP0116
Font Generation of Personal Handwritten Chinese Characters
Jeng-Wei Lin, Chih-Yin Wang, Chao-Lung Ting, Ray-I Chang
Tunghai University, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Abstract—Today, digital multimedia messages have drawn more and more attention due to
the great achievement of computer and network techniques. Nevertheless, text is still the most
popular media for people to communicate with others. Many fonts have been developed so
that product designers can choose unique fonts to demonstrate their idea gracefully. It is
commonly believed that handwritings can reflect one’s personality, emotion, feeling,
education level, and so on. This is especially true in Chinese calligraphy. However, it is not
easy for ordinary users to customize a font of their personal handwritings. In this study, we
performed a process reengineering in font generation. We present a new method to create font
in a batch mode. Rather than to create glyphs of characters one by one according to their
codepoints, people create glyphs incrementally in an on-demand manner. A Java
Implementation is developed to read a document image of user handwritten Chinese
characters, and make a vector font of these handwritten Chinese characters. Preliminary
experiment result shows that the proposed method can help ordinary users create their
personal handwritten fonts easily and quickly.
Index Terms—Web Font, Font Generation, Glyph Synthesis, Chinese Character, Handwriting
IP0117
Analyzing the Effect of the Distortion Compensation in Reversible Watermarking
Suah Kim and Hyoung Joong Kim
Korea University, South Korea
Abstract—Reversible watermarking is used to hide information in images for medical and
military uses. Reversible watermarking in images using distortion compensation proposed by
Vasily et al [5] embeds each pixel twice such that distortion caused by the first embedding is
reduced or removed by the distortion introduced by the second embedding. In their paper,
because it is not applied in its most basic form, it is not clear whether improving it can
achieve better results than the existing state of the art techniques. In this paper we first
provide a novel basic distortion compensation technique that uses same prediction method as
Tian’s [2] difference expansion method (DE), in order to measure the effect of the distortion
compensation more accurately. In the second part, we will analyze what kind of
improvements can be made in distortion compensation.
Index Terms—Reversible watermarking, reversible data hiding, distortion compensation,
removable distortion
IP0118
Cutting Line Determination for Plant Propagation
Li-Yun Lo, Chi-Chun Hsia, Hua-Hung Sun, Hsiang-Ju Chen, Xin-Ting Wu and Min-Chun
Hu
National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
Abstract—Investigating an efficient method for plant propagation can help not only prevent
extinction of plants but also facilitate the development of botanical industries. In this paper,
we propose to use image processing techniques to determine the cutting-line for the
propagation of two kinds of plants, i.e. Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel and Cinnamomum
kanehirai Hay, which have quite different characteristics in terms of shape, structure, and
propagation way (e.g. propagation by seeding and rooting, respectively). The proposed
cutting line determination methods can be further applied to develop an automatic control
system to reduce labor cost and increase the effectiveness of plant propagation.
Index Terms—Plant propagation, seeding, rooting, k-curvature, thinning.
IP0119 Line Drawing Simplification by Stroke Translation and Combination
Yun Chien, Wen-Chieh Lin, Tsung-Shian Huang, and Jung-Hong Chuang
National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Abstract—In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for simplifying line drawing sketches.
First, we segment the strokes at the points of large curvature if desired. Then, we perform a
low-pass filter and use the result to assign a weight to every stroke. The strokes are moved to
the position of the higher weight. After that, we find the stroke pairs and combine them to
reduce the total number of the strokes, resulting in a cleaner line drawing art. This system also
cuts down the disordered and confusing small strokes and combines them to form long
strokes.
Index Terms—Stroke simplification, stroke translation, stroke combination
IP0126
Offline Signature Verification Using Local Binary Pattern and Octave Pattern
Sahil Ahlawat, Anubhav Goel, Surabhi Prasad and Preety Singh
The LNM Institute of Information Technology, India
Abstract—Signature verification holds a significant place in today's world as most of the
bank transactions, stock trading etc. are validated via signatures. Signatures are considered as
one of the most effective biometric identity but unfortunately signature forgery attempts are
quite rampant. To prevent this, a robust signature verification mechanism is essential. In this
paper, a new method has been proposed which uses Local Binary Pattern and geometrical
features. A new geometric property has been devised i.e. Octave Pattern. Performance is
analyzed by comparing random, semi-skilled and skilled forgeries with the genuine signature.
Index Terms—Signature Verification, Forgery, Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Octave Pattern,
Center of gravity, False Acceptance Rate (FAR), False Rejection Rate (FRR).
IP1010
A Geometrical Defect Detection Method fo r Non-silicon MEMS Part Based on HU
Moment Invariants of Skeleton Image
Cheng Xu, Jin Xin, Zhang Zhijing and Lu Jun
Beijing Institute of Technology, China
Abstract—In order to improve the accuracy of geometrical defect detection, this paper
presented a method based on HU moment invariants of skeleton image. This method have
four steps: first of all, grayscale images of non-silicon MEMS parts are collected and
converted into binary images, secondly, skeletons of binary images are extracted using
medial-axis-transform method, and then HU moment invariants of skeleton images are
calculated, finally, differences of HU moment invariants between measured parts and
qualified parts are obtained to determine whether there are geometrical defects. To
demonstrate the availability of this method, experiments were carried out between skeleton
images and grayscale images, and results show that: when defects of non-silicon MEMS part
are the same, HU moment invariants of skeleton images are more sensitive than that of
grayscale images, and detection accuracy is higher. Therefore, this method can more
accurately determine whether non-silicon MEMS parts qualified or not, and can be applied to
non-silicon MEMS part detection system.
Index Terms—Non-silicon MEMS part, HU moment invariants, skeleton, geometrical defect.
IP2005
Reversible Watermarking Using Edge Based Difference Modification
Xiaochao Qu, Suah Kim, Hyoungjoong Kim
Graduate School of Information Security, Korea University, Republic of Korea
Abstract—Reversible watermarking can embed data into the cover image and extract data
from stego image, where the original cover image can be recovered perfectly after the
extraction of data. Difference expansion (DE) and prediction error expansion (PEE) are two
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
popular reversible watermarking methods. DE has the advantage of small distortion while
PEE has the advantage of large embedding capacity and smaller prediction error compared
with pixel difference. In this paper, we proposed a novel method that combines the
advantages of DE and PEE, where the difference calculated between two pixels is combined
with the edge information near this pixel pair. The proposed difference calculation can
produce smaller pixel difference compared with the original simple pixel difference
calculation. Overlapping embedding is then used to increase the embedding capacity. Our
proposed method gives an excellent result which is shown by several experiments.
Index Terms—Reversible watermarking, DE, PEE, edge based difference modification
IP3011
A New Approach to Preserve Privacy Data Mining based on Fuzzy Theory in Numerical
Database
Run Cui and Hyoung Joong Kim
Graduate School of Information Security, Korea University
Abstract—With the rapid development of information techniques, data mining approaches
have become one of the most important tools to discover the in-deep associations of tuples in
large-scale database. Hence how to protect the private information is quite a huge challenge,
especially during the data mining procedure. In this paper, a new method is proposed for
privacy protection which is based on fuzzy theory. The traditional fuzzy approach in this area
will apply fuzzification to the data without considering its readability. A new style of
obscured data expression is introduced to provide more details of the subsets without reducing
the readability. Also we adopt a balance approach between the privacy level and utility when
to achieve the suitable subgroups. An experiment is provided to show that this approach is
suitable for the classification without a lower accuracy. In the future, this approach can be
adapted to the data stream as the low computation complexity of the fuzzy function with a
suitable modification.
Index Terms—Privacy protection, fuzzy theory, anonymity, database utility, data mining
The End
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
About Keynote Speakers
Prof. David Zhang
Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong
Speech Title: Biometrics Authentication: New Challenge and Applications Abstract: In recent times, an increasing, worldwide effort has been devoted to the development of automatic personal identification systems that can be effective in a wide variety of security contexts. As one of the most powerful and reliable means of personal authentication, biometrics has been an area of particular interest. This interest has led to the extensive study of biometric technologies such as fingerprint and face recognition and the development of numerous algorithms, applications, and systems. This presentation will introduce a new biometrics technology, palmprint recognition. Two kinds of new applications (medical biometrics and aesthetical biometrics) are also given. Many useful results could be obtained to illustrate their effectiveness. Biography: Prof. David Zhang graduated in Computer Science from Peking University. He received his MSc in 1982 and his PhD in 1985 in Computer Science from the Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), respectively. From 1986 to 1988 he was a Postdoctoral Fellow at Tsinghua University and then an Associate Professor at the Academia Sinica, Beijing. In 1994 he received his second PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. He is a Head, Department of Computing (2008-10) and Chair Professor since 2005 at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University where he is the Founding Director of the Biometrics Technology Centre (UGC/CRC) supported by the Hong Kong SAR Government in 1998. He also serves as Visiting Chair Professor in Tsinghua University, and Adjunct Professor in Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, HIT, and the University of Waterloo. He is the Founder and Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Image and Graphics (IJIG); Book Editor, Springer International Series on Biometrics (KISB); Organizer, the International Conference on Biometrics Authentication (ICBA); Associate Editor of more than ten international journals including IEEE Transactions and so on; and the author of more than 10 books,over 250 international journal papers and around 30 patents from USA/Japan/HK/China. According to Science Citation Index (SCI)- Expended and Google Scholar, his papers have got over 8,000 citations and 18,000 citations, respectively. Professor Zhang is recognized as a world leading expert in biometrics, specially palmprint recognition. He is a Croucher Senior Research Fellow, Distinguished Speaker of the IEEE Computer Society, and a Fellow of both IEEE and IAPR.
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Prof. Xudong Jiang, Nanyang Technological University
Speech Title: Discriminative or Misleading Information in Data-driven Feature Extraction for Image Recognition Abstract: Finding/extracting low-dimensional structures in high-dimensional data is of increasing importance, where images/signals lie in observational spaces of thousands, millions or billions of dimensions. The curse of dimensionality is in full play here: We have to conduct inference with a limited or no human knowledge. Machine learning is a solution that becomes hotter and hotter to boiling. This is evidenced by numerous techniques published in the past decade, many of which are in prestige journals. Nevertheless, there are some fundamental concepts and issues still unclear or in paradox. For example, we often need many processing steps in a complex information discovery/recognition system. As the information amount cannot be increased and must be reduced by any processing, why do we need it before the main processing? This seemly simple question easily answerable if each step uses different prior knowledge is nontrivial in machine learning. People proposed numerous machine learning approaches but seem either unaware of or avoiding this fundamental issue. Although extracting the most discriminative information is indisputably the ultimate objective for pattern recognition, this talk will challenge it as a proper or effective criterion for the machine learning-based dimension reduction or information/feature extraction, despite the fact that it has been employed by almost all researchers. Do think it in-depth and express your opinions during the talk.
Biography: Xudong Jiang received the B.Eng. and M.Eng. degree from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China in 1983 and 1986, respectively, and received the Ph.D. degree from the Helmut Schmidt University Hamburg, Germany in 1997, all in electrical and electronic engineering. From 1986 to 1993, he worked as Lecturer at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China where he received two Science and Technology Awards from the Ministry for Electronic Industry of China. He was a recipient of the German Konrad-Adenauer Foundation young scientist scholarship. From 1993 to 1997, he was with the Helmut Schmidt University Hamburg, Germany as scientific assistant. From 1998 to 2002, He worked with the Centre for Signal Processing (CSP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, first as Research Fellow and then as Senior Research Fellow, where he developed a fingerprint verification algorithm that achieved the fastest and the second most accurate fingerprint verification in the International Fingerprint Verification Competition (FVC2000). From 2002 to 2004 he worked as Lead Scientist and appointed as the Head
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
of Biometrics Laboratory at the Institute for Infocomm Research, A*Star, Singapore. From 2002 to 2004 he was an Adjunct Assistant Professor. and joined NTU as a full time faculty member in 2004. Currently, Dr Jiang is an Associate Professor (tenured) of School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University and is appointed as Director of Centre for Information Security (CIS). Dr Jiang has published over seventy research papers in international refereed journals and conferences. He is also an inventor of one PCT patent application, three Singapore patents and three United States patents, some of which were commercialized. Dr Jiang is a senior member of IEEE and has been serving as Editorial Board Member, Guest Editor and Reviewer of multiple international journals, and serving as Program Committee member, Keynote Speaker and Session Chair of multiple international conferences. His research interests include pattern recognition, computer vision, image and signal processing, biometrics, face recognition and fingerprint recognition.
Prof. Chin-Chen Chang Feng Chia University,Taiwan
Speech Title: Visual Cryptography
Abstract: The computer technologies have grown significantly in the past years. More and more multimedia products such as digital cameras have become popular, so digital images are shared and transmitted widely over Internet. However, transmitting secret or important images, such as military or commercial images, over Internet is very dangerous. Malicious users may monitor Internet and try to eavesdrop these valuable images. To protect these images, visual cryptography is necessary for secure communications over Internet. Herein, secret image sharing can be applied to achieve the goal of visual cryptography. In this speech, I will talk about some visual cryptosystems based on the concept of secret image sharing. As for the topic of secret image sharing, the secret image sharing scheme uses several noise-like images, called shadows, to replace the original image transmitting over the Internet. The shadows can avoid threats from the illegal persons to access the secret image directly. Secret image sharing techniques were proposed to be another branch outside traditional cryptographic techniques and steganography. Based on sharing secret images, visual cryptography for binary images, grayscale images and color images will be introduced. Biography: Professor C.C. Chang was born in Taichung, Taiwan on Nov. 12th, 1954. He obtained his
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Ph.D. degree in computer engineering from National Chiao Tung University. He's first degree is Bachelor of Science in Applied Mathematics and master degree is Master of Science in computer and decision sciences. Both were awarded in National Tsing Hua University. Dr. Chang served in National Chung Cheng University from 1989 to 2005. His current title is Chair Professor in Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, Feng Chia University, from Feb. 2005. Prior to joining Feng Chia University, Professor Chang was an associate professor in Chiao Tung University, professor in National Chung Hsing University, chair professor in National Chung Cheng University. He had also been Visiting Researcher and Visiting Scientist to Tokyo University and Kyoto University, Japan. During his service in Chung Cheng, Professor Chang served as Chairman of the Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Dean of College of Engineering, Provost and then Acting President of Chung Cheng University and Director of Advisory Office in Ministry of Education, Taiwan. Professor Chang's specialties include, but not limited to, data engineering, database systems, computer cryptography and information security. A researcher of acclaimed and distinguished services and contributions to his country and advancing human knowledge in the field of information science, Professor Chang has won many research awards and honorary positions by and in prestigious organizations both nationally and internationally. He is currently a Fellow of IEEE and a Fellow of IEE, UK. On numerous occasions, he was invited to serve as Visiting Professor, Chair Professor, Honorary Professor, Honorary Director, Honorary Chairman, Distinguished Alumnus, Distinguished Researcher, Research Fellow by universities and research institutes. He also published over 1,100 papers in Information Sciences. In the meantime, he participates actively in international academic organizations and performs advisory work to government agencies and academic organizations.
Prof. Ming Yang
Southern Polytechnic State University, USA
Dr. Ming Yang is currently an Associate Professor with School of Computing and Software Engineering, Southern Polytechnic State University, USA. He obtained his BS and MS degrees in
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Electrical Engineering from Tianjin University (Tianjin, China) in 1997 and 2000 respectively, and his Ph.D. degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Wright State University (Dayton, Ohio, USA) in 2006. His research interests include Information Security, Multimedia Communication, and Mobile Security. He is the author/co-author of over fifty peer-reviewed journal, conference, and book chapter publications. His research has been supported by US National Science Foundation and Computing Research Association. He is currently serving the Co-Editor-in-Chief of International Journal of Monitoring and Surveillance Technology Research.
Asso. Prof. Jun F. (James) Liang
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
Speech Title: Biomaterials Associated Infections: An Emerging Challenges for Life Scientists and Engineers"
Conference Venue
Regal Riverside Hotel
34-36 Tai Chung Kiu Road, Shatin, Hong Kong Tel. (852) 2649 7878
Fax: (852) 2637 4748
E-mail: rrh.info@regalhotel.com Website: http://www.regalhotel.com/Regal-Riverside-Hotel/Main/Hotel-Home.aspx
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Upcoming Conferences Information Welcome to our more upcoming conferences:
DATE NAME PAPER WILL BE PUBLISHED
BY
January
10-12, 2014,Toronto, Canada
ICMLC 2014
The 2014 6th International
Conference on Machine Learning
and Computing
http://www.icmlc.org/
All accepted papers will be published in the volume of International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing (IJMLC), and will be included in the Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Google Scholar, Crossref, ProQuest.
ICEIT 2014
2014 3rd International Conference
on Educational and Information
Technology
http://www.iceit.org/
All accepted papers will be published in the volume of International Journal of Information and Education Technology (IJIET), and will be included in the Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Google Scholar, Crossref and ProQuest
CCSCI 2014
The International conference on
communication systems and
computational intelligence
http://www.ccsci.us/
All the registered papers will be published by the Springer and it will be made available in the Springer Digital Library.
February 19-20, 2014,
Singapore
ICAPM 2014
ICAPM 4th International
Conference on Applied Physics and
Mathematics
http://www.icapm.org/
All accepted papers will be published in the volume of International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics (IJAPM), and will be included in the DOAJ, Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Nanowerk Database, Crossref, Google Scholar and ProQuest
ICMMA 2014
2014 International Conference on
Mechatronics Manufacturing and
Automation
http://www.icmma.us/
All accepted papers of ICMMA 2014 will be published by Applied Mechanics and Materials Journal (ISSN: 1660-9336). Applied Mechanics and Materials (ISSN: 1660-9336) is Indexed by Elsevier: SCOPUS www.scopus.com and Ei Compendex (CPX) www.ei.org. Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (CSA) www.csa.com, Chemical Abstracts (CA) www.cas.org, Google and Google Scholar google.com, ISI (ISTP, CPCI, Web of Science) www.isinet.com, Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) www.iee.org, etc.
ICAEE 2014
2014 International Conference on
Advances in Electronics
Engineering
http://www.icaee.org/
All accepted papers of ICAEE 2014 will be published by International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering(IJEEE) which will be indexed by Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Engineering & Technology Digital Library and Electronic Journals Digital Library.
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The ICGIP 2013 Hong Kong Conferences
Note
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