View
227
Download
1
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
3-1 DEMOGRAPHY
Demography – the numerical study of the characteristics, trends, and issues of a population.
Why do governments and businesses study demography?
Population – the measure of the number of people who live in a specific place at a specific time.
Populations change over time. For example, Canada:
YEAR POPULATION
1867 3.5 MILLION
1967 20 MILLION
2012 33.5 MILLION
Canada ranks 37th as a country in population. (World – 7 billion)
Population Density
Population density – a measure of crowdedness.
It tells how many people on average live in a square km.
Population Density = population land area (km2)
What is the population density of Canada?
3 per km2
Every area of Canada does not have the same populationdensity – it is an average.
Population distribution – where people live , varies across the country, and withinprovinces and territories.
Major cities like Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver have a population density of 4000 per km2.
Complete 3, 4 b, 5, 6, 7, 8 on page 161.
Population ChangeWhat factors cause a population to change?Birth Rate – the number of children born in an area for every 1000 inhabitants of that area.
Death Rate – the number of people who die in an area for every 1000 inhabitants of that area.
Natural Increase Rate - difference between the birth and death rate of a country. (NIR = BR – DR) (Natural change can be a negative #)
Immigration – moving into a new country to live permanently.
Immigration rate:
Emigration – leaving a country of origin to live in another country.
Emigration rate:
Net Migration – The difference between the immigration and emigration rate.
Natural change – change in population involving births and deaths.
NC = Births - Deaths
Actual change - change in population involving births, deaths, immigration and emigration.
AC = (B – D) + (I – E)
Title & Year
Males-LEFT Females-RIGHT
Up by 1’s, 0 near origin!
Up by 1’s, 0 near origin!
Age groups…0 - 4 at bottom!
Population Pyramids
Population pyramid – a graph showing the population based on age groups and gender.
The shape of the pyramid can reveal a lot about the population:
• Birth rate• Death rate• Male – Female ratio
• Seniors – Youth Ratio• Growth Rate• Anomalies
Expanding population - population is increasing - pyramid is wide at the bottom - high death rate (left) or decreasing (right)
Contracting population - population is decreasing - low birth rate / low death rate - child-bearing age are not replacing
themselves - bottom more narrow than middle
Stable population - population is basically staying the same - declining birth rate / low death rate- child-bearing age groups are replacing
themselves- middle is roughly the width of the bottom
Complete # 1 on page 173
Recommended