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Copyright © IJIFR 2015
Research Paper
International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ISSN (Online): 2347-1697
Volume 2 Issue 5 January 2015
Abstract
Children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy will have problem in their motor functions and requires effective treatment plan in the management of such a condition. Yoga is a strengthening discipline that uses poses, sometimes referred to as postures, which include movements that may increase the body's flexibility. A study was conducted to explore the feasibility of using Yogasanas to assist children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy to improve their hip and knee joint flexibility. The objective of the present study is to select Yogasanas based on the need and ability level of the sample and administers it for improving flexibility of hip and knee joint of Children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy. Single group pre and post-test design was employed for 6 children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy in the age range of 7 to 11 years. Appropriate tools to assess the flexibility of hip and knee joint were used after establishing its reliability and validity. Intervention was administered among the selected sample for 20 sessions (each session of 1 hour per day) from Monday to Friday for 20 days. The results after appropriate analysis reveal that there is significant improvement in the improvement of flexibility in hip and knee joint of children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy. This study substantiates the positive effect of yoga on children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy.
Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility
Of Hip And Knee Joint Of Children With
Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy Paper ID IJIFR/ V2/ E5/ 036 Page No. 1297 - 1309 Subject Area Education
Key Words Yogasanas, Flexibility in Hip and Knee joints, Intellectual Disability, Cerebral
Palsy
Dr. C. Renuga Devi1
Assistant Professor
Department of Education
Mother Teresa Women's University
Kodaikanal, TamilNadu
1298
ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
1. Introduction
Motor development is a very important part of growing up. Motor activities help children learn how
to use their bodies, gain confidence as they master skills, and prepare them for school. Normal
individual differences in motor ability are common and depend in part on the child's weight and
build. Atypical motor development may be an indication of developmental delays or problems such
as autism or cerebral palsy.
While all children grow and change at their own rate, some children can experience delays in their
development. Developmental delay is a descriptive term used in reference to an assessment of delay
on infants and young children in one or more of the following areas: Cognitive development,
physical development (which includes fine motor and gross motor), communication development,
social development, emotional development, or adaptive development. Developmental delay is
recognized by the failure to meet age-appropriate expectations that are based on the typical sequence
of child development. Intellectual disability is a condition in which there is delay or deficiency in all
aspects of development, i.e. there is global and noticeable deficiency in the development of motor,
cognitive, social, and language functions. This is the commonest form of developmental disability.
Cerebral palsy is a condition where there is gross delay in the development of motor functions.
Children with cerebral palsy have great difficulty in initiating and controlling their muscles and body
movements. Many of these children are perfectly well in all other aspects, such as in their speech,
learning ability and socialization. Even though both the conditions are independent in nature, if a
child with mental retardation is associated with cerebral palsy naturally the problem becomes
complex and requires effective treatment plan in the management of such a condition.
Yoga is one of the six schools of ancient Indian philosophy. Interpretation of the works of Patanjali
reveals that we have at our disposal an excellent management system called Yoga Sutra which
advocates a method of controlling the mind and body. In fact the sutras depict a crystallized picture
of what constitutes the mind, its functions and impediments. The body as a whole can be turned to
fight against problematic conditions. Systematic Yogasana practice helps prevent or arrest
deterioration and also brings about cures for many of the problematic conditions. It offers enormous
scope to help overcome various human problems, both mental and physical. Thus Yoga answers the
demands of both body and mind development.
1.1 Yoga
The word Yoga comes from sanskrit root ‘Yug’ meaning to join on Yoke, implying the integration of
every aspect of human being from the inner most to external. The father of modern Yogashashtra,
Patanjali Maharshi defines Yoga as ‘’Yogaschitta Vrutti Nirodhaha’’ that is controlling the nature of
the mind. Yoga can be defined by the following statement. (Krishnamacharya Yoga Mandiram,
1982)
To bring two thing together, to meet and to unite.
To cause the movement of the mind to converge
To enable one to achieve his potential.
To bring about focusing of attention
1.2 Asana
The word asana means posture originates from the Sanskrit word as which means ‘to be’, ‘to stay’,
or ‘to remain’ in a particular position. Thus, the word asana refer to a posture or a particular position,
which may be performed in various ways, i.e,
1299
ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
i.Standing.
ii.Supine (lying on back).
iii.Prone (lying on the stomach).
iv.Sitting.
v.Kneeling (Smith, 1980).
Posture simply refers to a particular position. As per Desikachar (1982) there are two qualities of an
asana:
The individual doing an asana should experience comfort (Sukh).
He should also maintain a certain amount of steadiness in a given posture without much effort or
tension (Sthira).
To achieve both these qualities, a long period of practice is needed. The comfort and steadiness in a
posture is most often achieved through total concentration of the mind on the posture. The practice of
an asana must co-ordinate with breathing. When the mind concentrates on a particular object, the
body becomes fixed and somewhat relaxed. But one is unable to hold that position for long.
Apparently the body was not in a relaxed natural posture, though one may have felt so for a little
while. The idea behind the practice of asanas is to discipline the body to assume a posture in which
greater concentration can be achieved.
1.3 Yogic view of the body
Yoga is regarded as a science as well as a method that allows man to live a harmonious life while
favouring his spiritual progress through the control of mind and body. The great yogis tell us that
those who know how to combine yogic postures (Asanas), breathing exercises (Pranayama), and the
control of the mind or concentration (Dharana) may attain a state of perfection. The object of asana
and Pranayamas is the improvement of the human body from the physical point of view, while the
control of mind, i.e., the constructive power of consciousness, is beneficial to the inner force,
developing a positive, optimistic outlook on life.
Through the practice of the physical postures, or asanas, the spinal column as the muscles and joints
are maintained in a healthy and supple state. The practices of yoga not only help to keep the young
body strong and supple but also incorporate mental activities, disciplines that help to develop
attention and concentration, and stimulate the creative abilities that are latent within the child.
Yoga is an ancient Indian tradition which through diverse physical and mental practices the
practitioner strives to achieve a state of all around health. The practice of yoga has already been
shown to be of therapeutic benefit in cases with psychosomatic ailments such as bronchial asthma
(Nagarathna & Nagendra, 1985; Nagendra & Nagarathna, 1986). After 9 months of yogic practice,
mentally retarded children also showed improvement in general mental ability, psychomotor
coordination, and intelligent and social behaviour (Uma, Nagarathna, Nagendra, Vaidehi, &
Seethalakshmi, 1989).
1.4 Yoga and Flexibility
Yoga besides its relaxing, spiritual function is also a wonderful flexibility training program. The
most important factor is that stretch has to be included as an essential part of any fitness program.
Yoga is an excellent choice, because it not only stretches the muscles, but also the joints, which get
the kind of gentle stretch necessary for enhanced flexibility.
When the entire body is trained together, it develops a sense of harmony and balance. When
opposing muscle groups are trained together, flexibility will come faster as the opposing muscle
groups’ work together not against or without each other. The series of yoga poses called asanas work
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
by safely stretching the muscles. This releases the lactic acid that builds up with muscle use and
causes stiffness, tension, pain, and fatigue. In addition, yoga increases the range of motion in joints.
It may also increase lubrication in the joints. The outcome is a sense of ease and fluidity throughout
the body.
Yoga stretches not only the muscles but all of the soft tissues of the body that includes ligaments,
tendons, and the fascia sheath that surrounds your muscles. In one study, participants had up to 35%
improvement in flexibility after only eight weeks of yoga. The greatest gains were in shoulder and
trunk flexibility. It is widely known that the words yoga and stretching go hand in hand. Everyone
should stretch regularly as part of a general fitness regime. Yoga stretches not only the muscles, but
also the joints. A body which may have been quite rigid at the beginning of learning yoga will start
to experience a remarkable flexibility in all parts, even those parts which have not been consciously
worked upon.
Yoga is good for increasing joint flexibility. Yoga and flexibility go hand in hand. While doing
yoga postures, an individual may need to stretch more, which will make his / her body gain more
support and get rid of any stiffness that you may have felt earlier. The asanas in yoga stretch and
strengthen the muscles as well as the joints. Thus good joint flexibility is so different from the
normal stretching exercise that which we do otherwise. Yoga postures are more systematic, scientific
and works with joints, muscles and ligaments like no other fitness workout.
1.5 Yoga for Children with Intellectual Disability
Yoga exercise has also been incorporated in manpower development and training curriculum dealing
with intellectual disability and attempts are on way to make it inclusive in school curriculum. Yoga
for children with intellectual disability
Should help co-ordinate the activities of the mind and body.
Should tend to reduce the distracted state of mind, helping the mind concentrate on the present
activity.
Should help improve his activities of daily living to a degree which could not be achieved before.
1.6 Postures for Persons with Intellectual Disability
Initially, the asana that are taught to persons with intellectual disability should be easy to grasp and
easy to perform. Hence, many of the asana and breathing techniques need suitable adaptations. While
adapting them to suit needs the following principles should be kept in mind.
Pre-requisite skills
Developmental age
Interest and needs
Physical characteristics
Socio cultural and other environmental factors
Availability of materials and resources
Availability of medical, consultation and treatment service
Parental concerns and priorities
Teacher strengths
Future placement goals
Community values and attitudes
1301
ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
1.7 Asana Sequence
During practice the individual must not be allowed to do single asana alone. A certain amount of
preparation is necessary before the individual does that particular asana. Therefore, a sequence is
built up to provide this preparation. Once the main posture is performed, counter poses are necessary
to relieve the strain caused by the main asana. Sequence of asana is built by keeping the following
principles in mind:
Goal and purpose of asana should be clear
Single asana should not be practiced
Series of asana should be practiced together
Relaxing the body in a posture is of vital importance. Remove all tensions in the final posture.
Relax for a few minutes in between the Asanas.
Do not overexert beyond the capacity to maintain the postures for long durations.
Daily practice is essential for fast progress.
Yoga is a strengthening discipline that uses poses, sometimes referred to as postures, which include
movements that may increase the body's flexibility. Yoga poses range from very simple, such as lying
completely relaxed on the floor to moderate and difficult postures that may challenge body's limits.
When a person has learnt yoga and become comfortable with additional poses, body will experience
better balance, flexibility, range of motion and strength. A toned and balanced body may lead to fewer
injuries during routine activities.
2. Need of the Study
Children with intellectual disability in addition to their low intellectual functioning will encounter
with mobility difficulties if they are associated with Cerebral Palsy. When yoga is implemented
regularly to children with intellectual disability associated with cerebral palsy it will help such
children in:
greater freedom of movement
increased physical efficiency and performance
increased balance and coordination
decreased risk of low back pain
increased relaxation and stress reduction
decreased risk of injury
The yoga poses helps the deep abdominals to support and hence the body awareness is increased and
will help in maintaining proper posture. The increased flexibility and strength gained through yoga
will help in maintaining better posture in standing and sitting poses which ultimately develops core
strength. The object of yoga is to enable an individual to reach a better knowledge of ourselves. It is
a method designed to reveal the sources of creative hidden inside the human psyche and thus
involves the manifold expression of our being. When yoga is practiced correctly and conscientiously,
it becomes a sure way of restoring balance, helping to develop determination and resistance, and
above all, to find serenity and inner pace. Flexibility allows ease of movement, and increases stamina
and dexterity. Other benefits include an increase in bodily awareness and a relaxation in the stretched
muscle groups. Both of these benefits have positive implications for skill acquisition, recovery, and
performance. Hence in order to study about the flexibility of hip and knee joint of children with
intellectual disability associated with cerebral palsy the researcher has attempted to administer
Yogasanas in a systematic way among the selected sample.
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
3. Objectives of the Study
I. To study the effect of selected Yogasanas in improving flexibility of Hip and Knee Joints of
Children with Intellectual Disability having Cerebral Palsy.
II. To compare the pre and posttest mean scores of the selected samples in Hip joint flexibility
through selected Yogasanas.
III. To compare the pre and posttest mean scores of the selected samples in Knee joint flexibility
through selected Yogasanas.
4. Methodology
The objective of the present study is to select yogasanas based on the need & ability level of the
sample and administer it for improving flexibility of Hip and Knee Joints of Children with
Intellectual Disability having Cerebral Palsy. Single group pre and post test design which is
categorized under informal experimental design was employed in the study.
4.1 Sample Size
Six children (both boys and girls) in the age group of 7-11 years with intellectual disability having
cerebral palsy with an intelligence quotient of 50 -70 who can follow the position and asanas were
selected as samples for the present study using purposive sampling technique under non probability
sampling method.
4.2 Research Procedure
A systematic procedure is applied to carry out the current study so that objective can be achieved
meaningfully. Once the conceptual framework was prepared, the objectives were finalized. As per
the objectives, the suitable research participants for research were identified. The researcher assessed
the students to collect base line data by administrating Sit and Reach Test. A sequence of asanas was
developed for the study after collecting the baseline data of the sample. Goniometer to measure the
flexibility and sit and reach test to assess the flexibility of hip and knee joint was administered to
study the effectiveness of asanas in flexibility of hip and knee joint.
The flexibility of hip and knee joint of the identified children was measured and recorded as pretest
scores. The best among the three trails was taken as the test score as prescribed in the standard
measurement procedure. Selected Yogasanas was administered for the samples for 20 sessions (one
hour per day for 5days - Monday to Friday in a week for 20 days). After 20 sessions of treatment the
hip and knee joint flexibility of the samples was measured to find out the effectiveness of yogasans
in improving the flexibility of hip and knee joint of the selected sample.
4.3 Nature of the tool
The following tools are developed to study the effect of selected Yogasanas in improving flexibility
of Hip and Knee Joints of Children with Intellectual Disability having Cerebral Palsy:
Table 4.3.1: Tools to study the effect of selected Yogasanas
S. N Tool Purpose
1 Goniometer (Equipment used in
Physiotherapy) To measure the flexibility in hip and knee joint.
2 Centimeter tape or scale To measure the flexibility in hip and knee joint.
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
4.4 Reliability and Validity of the tool
The selected asana sequence based on the need and ability level of the sample was circulated among
5 yoga therapist and 5 Physiotherapists for their opinion. Based on the opinion obtained sequence
and asanas were finalized to suit the need of the sample. Since Goniometer and Sit and reach test is
standardized tool to measure the flexibility opinion regarding its use in the current study was sought
from the Physiotherapist.
5. Results and Discussion Paired t test on pretest and post test scores, mean and standard deviation was administered to find out
the effect of selected yogasans in improving the flexibility of hip and knee joint of children with
mental retardation having cerebral palsy. Individual performance analysis was also done to find out
the improvement in individual hip and knee joint flexibility.
5.1 Yogasanas and Flexibility of Hip joint
Performance of the selected sample on Hip joint flexibility was measured through pre and post
intervention. The mean score (100.00) attained by the sample at the pre intervention phase was
compared with that at post intervention (118.33). This difference was found to be statistically
significant ( t = 5.5, df = 5) at 1% level. This indicates that use of yogasans had positive effect on
flexibility of hip joint in children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy.
Figure: 5.1.1: Comparison of the pretest and posttest mean scores of the selected sample in hip joint flexibility
through selected yogasanas
100
118.3333
Hip joint-pre Hip joint-post
Mean 100 118.3333
3
Asanas
1. Ardhabathakonasanam
2. Bathakonasanam
3. Ardhapachimothanasam
4. Pachimothanasam
5. Gomugasanam (sitting)
6. Trikonasanam (sitting)
Provide intervention to the samples to develop
flexibility in hip and knee joint.
4 Sit and reach test To test the flexibility of muscles in hip and knee
joint.
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
5.2 Yogasanas and Flexibility of Knee joint
Performance of the selected sample on knee joint flexibility was measured through pre and post
intervention. The mean score (117.50) attained by the sample at the pre intervention phase was
compared with that at post intervention (126.66). This difference was found to be statistically
significant ( t = 3.84, df = 5) at 5% level. This indicates that use of Yogasanas had positive effect on
flexibility of knee joint in children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy.
Figure: 5.2.1: Comparison of the pretest and posttest mean scores of the selected sample in Knee joint
flexibility through selected yogasans
5.3 Individual Performance Analysis
Individual performance analysis of the selected sample is also recorded to find out the effect of
Yogasanas among the selected sample. The posttest performance of each sample as against their
pretest performance scores shows that there exists significant improvement in the flexibility of the
knee and hip joint as a result of the systematic administration of Yogasanas. Comparison of pre and
post test scores of each sample is presented as below:
Table 5.3.1: Case 1- Yogasanas Comparison of pre and post test scores of each sample
Case 1
Name S. J
Sex Male
Age 7 years
Knee joint Pretest 120
Post test 125
Hip joint Pretest 80
Post test 110
Knee joint-Pre Knee joint-Post
Mean 117.5 126.6667
117.5
126.6667
Knee joint-Pre
Knee joint-Post
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
Figure: 5.3.1: Comparison of Pre and Post test Scores of Case 1 in Hip and Knee Joint Flexibility
through Selected Yogasanas
Table 5.3.2: Case 2- Yogasanas Comparison of pre and post test scores of each sample
Case 2
Figure: 5.3.2: Comparison of Pre and Post test Scores of Case 2 in Hip and Knee Joint Flexibility
through Selected Yogasanas
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Knee Joint Hip Joint
120
80
125
110
Pre Test
Post Test
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Knee Joint Hip Joint
125
100
135
120
Pre Test
Post Test
Name I.J
Sex Male
Age 7 years
Knee joint Pretest 125
Post test 135
Hip joint Pretest 100
Post test 120
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
Table 5.3.3: Case 3 - Yogasanas Comparison of pre and post test scores of each sample
Case 3
Figure5.3.3: Comparison of Pre and Post test Scores of Case 3 in Hip and Knee Joint Flexibility through
selected Yogasanas
Table 5.3.4: Case 4 - Yogasanas Comparison of pre and post test scores of each sample
Case 4
Pre Test
Post Test
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Knee JointHip Joint
130
110
135
125
Pre Test
Post Test
Name R.S
Sex Male
Age 8 years
Knee joint Pretest 130
Post test 135
Hip joint Pretest 110
Post test 125
Name J.J
Sex Female
Age 11 years
Knee joint Pretest 130
Post test 135
Hip joint Pretest 120
Post test 125
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
Figure: 5.3.4: Comparison of Pre and Post test Scores of Case 4 in Hip and Knee Joint Flexibility
through selected Yogasanas
Table 5.3.5: Case 4 - Yogasanas Comparison of pre and post test scores of each sample
Case 5
Figure5.3.5:Comparison of Pre and Post test scores of Case 5 in Hip and Knee Joint Flexibility through
selected Yogasanas
110 115 120 125 130 135
Knee Joint
Hip Joint
130
120
135
125
Post Test
Pre Test
0 50 100 150
Knee Joint
Hip Joint
120
100
130
120
Post Test
Pre Test
Name V.M
Sex Female
Age 7 years
Knee joint Pretest 120
Post test 130
Hip joint Pretest 100
Post test 120
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
Table 5.3.6: Case 6 - Yogasanas Comparison of pre and post test scores of each sample
Case 6
Figure 5.3.6: Comparison of Pre and Post test Scores of Case 6 in Hip and Knee Joint Flexibility through
selected Yogasanas
6. Scope of the Study
I. Sequence of asana to improve the flexibility of hip and knee joint can be identified and a
flexibility training package of such sequence can be developed and standardized for
implementing it to a large sample. This will enable the children to enhance their active
participation in activities of daily living.
II. Educational institutions enrolling children with mental retardation having cerebral palsy can
be equipped with yoga administrators which will help the children to improve their
flexibility in hip and knee joint.
III. Apart from providing treatment to the sample, training can be provided to the class teacher in
performing and developing asana sequence according to the need and ability of the child.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Knee Joint Hip Joint
80 90
100 110
Pre Test
Post Test
Name V.K
Sex Female
Age 9 years
Knee joint Pretest 80
Post test 100
Hip joint Pretest 90
Post test 110
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ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research (IJIFR)
Volume - 2, Issue - 5, January 2015 17th Edition, Page No: 1297-1309
Dr. C. Renuga Devi:: Effect Of Yogasanas In Improving Flexibility Of Hip And
Knee Joint Of Children With Intellectual Disability Having Cerebral Palsy
7. Conclusion
The researcher through this study has attempted to bring into light the effectiveness of selected
asanas in improving hip and knee joint flexibility among children with intellectual disability having
cerebral palsy. The findings of the study reveal that there is considerable improvement in the hip and
knee joint flexibility among the selected sample.Quality of life is enhanced by improving and
maintaining a good range of motion in the joints. Overall flexibility should be developed with
specific joint range of motion needs in mind as the individual joints vary from one to another. Loss
of flexibility can be a predisposing factor for physical issues such as pain syndromes or balance
disorders. The hip joints are capable of a wide range of motion, including rotation, flexion and
extension. Increasing the flexibility of hip joints allows moving with less restriction and minimizes
the risk of injury to the knees, hips, ankles and lower back.Yoga, besides its relaxing, spiritual
function, is also a wonderful flexibility training program. In addition, yoga increases the range of
motion in joints. It also increase lubrication in the joints. Systematic and regular practice of yoga can
make body more flexible, giving the muscles and joints a greater range of motion. This study
substantiates the positive effect of yoga on children with intellectual disability having cerebral palsy.
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