AARHUS UNIVERSITET 1. MARTS 2013 COOPERATION IN EUROPE

TATION pRÆSEN

1. MARTS 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITET

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

COOPERATION IN EUROPE - IN GERMAN AND NORDIC HIGHER

EDUCATION

HAMBURG, JUNE 18, 2013

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

AGENDA

1. Goal: Innovation Union – a competitive Europe

2. Where are we: Strong universities and attractive societies in the Nordic countries and Germany

3. How did we get there: A common focus on excellence!

4. Current Challenges and medium term targets

5. How do we contribute to a stronger and innovative Europe?

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

INNOVATION UNION – A COMPETITIVE EUROPE

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Universities As Key Players In The Future Of Europe

• Contribute to finding the solutions to the

grand challenges

• Economic growth and innovation

• Scientific Social Responsibility (SSR)

• A new mindset for researchers and universities: Research must to a greater extent be defined in a social context.

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

EFFECTIVE AND INNOVATIVE SOCIETIES

• Effective public sectors (quality in education, health care, pervasive ICT, etc.)

• Prioritizing R&D and higher education

• Public/private cooperation

• Open competitive economies, and labor

markets

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

COMPETITIVE UNIVERSITY SYSTEMS

Indicators: • Resources • Quality insurance systems • Internationalization • Output

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Rank Country Score 1 United States 100 2 Sweden 85,2 3 Switzerland 81,6 4 Canada 80,0 5 Denmark 79,8 6 Finland 79,4 7 Netherlands 78,2 8 Australia 77,2 9 Singapore 76,6 10 United Kingdom 74,9 11 Austria 71,8 12 Norway 71,8 13 Belgium 71,0 14 New Zealand 69,7 15 Germany 68,2 16 Hong Kong 67,6 16 France 67,6

Kilde: University systems ranking, Universitas 21 (2013)

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

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INCLUSIVE AND EFFICIENT HIGHER EDUCATION SYTEMS

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Rank Country Score 1 Australia 30.6 2 UK 31.1 3 Denmark 39.1 4 Finland 40.8 5 USA 49.0 6 Sweden 49.2 7 Ireland 49.2 8 Portugal 54.3 9 Italy 60.9 10 France 62.2 11 Poland 64.4 12 Hungary 64.5 13 Netherlands 69.6 14 Switzerland 70.3 15 Germany 72.5 16 Austria 76.4 17 Spain 79.4

Indicators: • Inclusiveness • Access • Effectiveness • Attractiveness • Responsiveness

Source: University systems ranking, Lisbon Council (2010)

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VERY PRODUCTIVE RESEARCH SYSTEMS

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Source: Scimago Journal & Country Rank (www.scimagojr.com)

• Researchers in the Nordic countries and Germany are among the most highly cited in the World

Rank Country Number of publications 1996-2011

Citations/publication1996-2011

1 Switzerland 309.549 21,77 2 Denmark 162.761 20,42 3 USA 5.322.590 20,18 4 Netherlands 435.083 20,05 5 Sweden 304.831 19,09 6 Finland 153.964 17,64 7 Canada 790.397 17,55 8 Great Britain 1.533.434 17,42 9 Belgium 237.081 17,1 10 Israel 186.281 16,66 11 Norway 122.768 16,63 12 Austria 164.308 16,01 13 Australia 520.045 16 14 Germany 1.396.126 15,79

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

NUMBER OF ERC GRANTS 2008-2012

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

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Advanced grants

Starting grants

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CITIZENS PER ERC GRANT

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Rank Country Citizens Citizens per ERC grant 1 Switzerland 7.954.662 31.566 2 Israel 8.002.300 45.468 3 Netherlands 16.730.348 60.398 4 Sweden 9.482.855 73.511 5 Denmark 5.573.894 81.969 6 United Kingdom 63.256.141 82.796 7 Belgium 11.094.850 98.185 8 Finland 5.401.267 98.205 9 Austria 8.443.018 101.723 10 France 65.327.724 140.490 11 Ireland 4.582.769 152.759 12 Germany 81.843.743 171.221 13 Spain 46.196.276 241.865 14 Italy 59.394.207 285.549 15 Greece 11.290.067 352.815

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

11 Standard of Living - PPS per capita

Res

earc

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Dev

elop

men

t -

per c

ent o

f GD

P

Source: Eurostat

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

WHY ARE THE NORDIC COUNTRIES AND GERMANY DOING SO WELL?

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• Long term perspectives in research policy and strategy

• Talent development as a key priority

• Focus on excellence in research (as outlined in the Aarhus Declaration)

• Stable or increasing funding levels

The principles of the Aarhus Declaration of excellence:

• Basic research is the foundation • Freedom and trust in the individual

researcher • Respect for the long-term

perspective www.excellence2012.dk/the-aarhus-declaration/

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AARHUS UNIVERSITY

1986-91

1999 2000-02

2003 1991

2003 2010

The reform of doctoral education • The research academy • The PhD Decree • 3 +2+3, 4+4, 3+5

The Bologna Declaration: Governments working to create coherent educational systems by 2010. Signed by 29 countries.

The European Research Area: Coordination of research and development activities in Europe

DK: The Research Commission and OECD Review

European Higher Education Area: 10 years after the Bologna process. 47 countries have signed the Bologna Declaration.

REFORMS IN EUROPE –DENMARK AS AN EXAMPLE

Management and governance reforms: • The new University Act (2003, 2011) • Reform of research council system

The Danish National Research Foundation: (Fundamental “blue sky”) and Strategic research programmes: Environment, food, biotech, materials technology

Structural reform: • 28 institutions become 8 universities and 3 departments • 90 colleges become 8 university colleges

2006-08

Globlisation Council

2005-

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

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REFORM OF DOCTORAL EDUCATION IN DENMARK AND RESEARCH IMPACT

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• In 1990, on average, Danish research was cited less than the world average

• In the 1980s, Denmark reformed its doctoral education system

• From apprenticeship to graduate schools - and a marked increase in the number of ph.d.´s

• Since 2005, Danish

research citation rates have been approximately 35% above the world average Source: The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Fostering Breakthrough Research, p. 13 in appendix

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

EXCELLENCE INITIATIVES

• Denmark: The Danish National Research Foundation and the UNIK-initiative • 88 Centres of Excellence established since 1991 • App. 1 billion Euro

• Sweden: Linnaeus Environments • 40 research environments supported since 2006

• Germany: Exzellenzinitiative • 37 Clusters of Excellence and 39 Graduate

Schools established since 2005 • 1,9 billion Euros

• EU: European Research Council

• 2034 advanced grants and 1420 starting grants since 2007

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

THE POPULATION OF THE WORLD IS NOW MORE THAN 7 BILLION The objective of Horizon 2020 is to contribute to solutions to the major challenges facing society, while at the same time ensuring EU's competitiveness:

• Public health and demographic change

• Food safety and sustainable agriculture

• Strategic resources and renewable energy supplies

• Sustainable transport systems

• Climate change

• Inclusive and secure democratic societies

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

CURRENT CHALLENGES FOR EUROPE • Recession in the Euro zone

• Unemployment

• Competition from the BRICS

• Knowledge is the bridge towards

sustainable economies, increased innovation, education and research (Innovation Union, Horizon 2020)

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

CHALLENGES FOR RESEARCH POLICY IN EUROPE

• Cohesion in Europe

• North/south and west/east • Regional development and research policy are

two different things • Maintain high level of funding for research and the

universities • Horizon 2020 with an increased budget? • National funding: mixed picture

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

TRENDS IN PUBLIC FUNDING

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• Trends in public funding to higher education in Europe in the period 2008-2012

• Source: EUA Funding Forum (11-12 June 2013)

• www.eua.be/eua-funding-forum

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

The European Research Area Board recommends the following milestones for 2030: • 50% of the EU's research funds should be allocated to ground-breaking

basic research • 20% of EU doctoral candidates should work outside their home country,

and researchers should generally be more internationally mobile • 5% of GDP should be be spent on research. Two-thirds of this spending

should come from the private sector. • The EU and its member states should triple spending on higher

education degree programmes to 3.3 % of GNP

Innovation Union 2020 predicts 1 million new research positions

EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA BOARD TARGETS FOR 2030

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

COOPERATION - as a means towards our goal – INNOVATION UNION • Improved mobility among researchers in Europe increases

network building and transnational cooperation

• Collaboration strengthens quality in research a.o. co-authored papers are more highly cited

• Unique research infrastructures attracts top researchers and is a driver for international collaboration (CERN, ESO, ESA, ESS, etc.)

• Horizon 2020

• Policy and strategy through EUA, LERU, COIMBRA,

HRK/NUS a.o.

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RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

INNOVATION UNION – A COMPETITIVE EUROPE

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Universities As Key Players In The Future Of Europe

• Contribute to finding the solutions to the

grand challenges

• Economic growth and innovation

• Scientific Social Responsibility (SSR)

• A new mindset for researchers and universities: Research must to a greater extent be defined in a social context.

RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN JUNE 18 2013

AARHUS UNIVERSITY

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

RECTOR@AU.DK

AARHUS UNIVERSITY