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©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
ABS Guide for Certification of Lifting
Appliances 2016: Focus on machinery
Marine & Offshore Meeting 2016
Cernusco sul Naviglio, Italy19 May 2016
22
Guide for Certification of Lifting Appliances
� Lifting Appliance Guide previous edition published 2007
Major updates
� Expanded scope
� Subsea lifting
� Heave compensation
� Maintenance and service
baskets
� Improve/harmonize technical criteria for all types of cranes
� Expand materials and fabrication requirements
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
33
Chapter 1: Scope & Conditions of Certification
� Class Notations for Lifting Appliances:
� CRC (Crane and Lifting Appliances Register Certificate) Notation
– Assigned when an ABS Register of Lifting Appliances is issued for ABS
Certified Cranes and Lifting Appliances
� CGSU (Cargo Gear Self Unloading) Notation
– Assigned when an ABS Register of Cargo Gear for Great Lakes Vessels
is issued for ABS Certified Self Unloading Cargo Gear
� SElev (Shipboard Elevator) Notation
– Assigned when an ABS Shipboard Elevator Certificate is issued for ABS
Certified Shipboard Elevators
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
Chapter 1: Scope & Conditions of Certification
44
CRC notation
� CRC notation: added abbreviated descriptions, clarifying types of lifting
appliances in the Register of LA:
� SC: Shipboard Crane
� OC: Offshore Crane
� HC: Heavy lift Crane
� SP: Special Purpose
� MRW: Man Riding Winch
� Subsea: Subsea Lifting
� RMP: stern, bow and side port Ramps and Moveable Platforms (decks)
� Added dedicated notation for personnel lifting with 3 levels:
� PL: Personnel lifting - Basic emergency recovery system level
� PL+: Personnel lifting - Intermediate emergency recovery system level
� PL++: Personnel lifting - Highest emergency recovery system level
� Example: CRC(SC-PL, OC-PL++-Subsea, HC-Subsea, SP, MRW, RMP)
Chapter 1: Scope & Conditions of Certification
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
55
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
� Section 2 – “Structural Requirements” updates include:
� Included of criteria for effects due to vessel inclinations, accelerations
and wind pressure
� Updated structural criteria for uniform approach between all crane
types, including allowable stresses and vertical amplification factors
� Buckling criteria in accordance with ABS Buckling Guide
� Enhanced requirements for slewing rings
� Migrated davits, monorail hoists/engine room cranes, provision
cranes and union purchase from existing Chapter 3
Section 2 – Structural Requirements
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
66
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
Section 2 – Structural Requirements
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
77
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
� Section 3 – “Materials and Welding” updates include:
� Provided criteria for specific crane components, e.g. pedestals,
sheaves, slewing rings, machinery components, piping systems etc.
� Clarified that Pedestals and Kingposts are to be constructed from
proper ABS grade material up to first bolted connection “or crane
interface, whichever is closer to the deck”
� New limit for low temperature of machinery componentes of -20°C
� Updated CVN testing requirements and included a CVN testing
summary table for easy reference
� Included elongation requirements
� Specified criteria for NDT for welds
Section 3 – Materials and Welding
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
88
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
Section 3 – Materials and Welding
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
99
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
� Section 4 – “Wire Rope” updates include:
� Incorporated safety factors for wire ropes of offshore cranes
� Included formulas for safety factors for all unit systems
� Included formulation for reeving efficiency and rope tension
� Non-steel wire ropes will be subject to special consideration
Section 4 – Wire Rope
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1010
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
� Section 5 – “Loose Gear, Sheaves, Hooks and Hook Blocks” updates include:
� Loose gear: updated units in tables and included NDE criteria
� Sheaves: updated pitch diameter and groove radius requirements,
included clarification on design as special components
� Hooks and Hook Blocks
– Shipboard cranes: acceptance based on loose gear test by Manufacturer
– Offshore and heavy lift cranes: design review mandatory, survey at test
– Hook design to standard
– Material properties of hook material (CVN)
Section 5 – Loose Gear, Sheaves, Hooks and Hook Blocks
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1111
Chapter 2: Guide for Certification of Cranes
� Section 6 – “Construction Standards for Crane Machinery, Piping and Electrical Systems” updates include:
� Winches and Drums
� Brakes
� Slewing Mechanisms and Gearboxes
� Hydraulic Cylinders
� Safety Devices and Features
� Computer-Based Control Systems
Section 6 – Machinery, Piping and Electrical
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1212
2-6/19.3 Drums
� Drum thickness function of pressure applied by subsequent layers of rope
� Rope relaxation effect for multilayered drum
� Function of rope stiffness
Section 6 – Machinery, Piping and Electrical
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1313
2-6/19.5 Brakes for winches
� Every hoisting and luffing winch is to be provided with at least a static and a dynamic brake which may act through the same load path
STATIC
DYNAMIC
Section 6 – Machinery, Piping and Electrical
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1414
2-6/19.5 Brakes for winches
� Static brake
� Hold a load indefinitely (e.g. oil bath disc brakes)
� Braking capacity in excess of torque induced by:
– For hoisting winch 1.5 times Live Load
– For luffing winch 1.5 x Amplification Factor times Live Load
� Dynamic brake
� Retard and stop a moving load without overheating (clamps, band,
hydraulic restrictions, regenerative braking)
� For friction brakes friction factor max value of 0.3
� Test to demonstrate fitness
� To be fail safe (stop the load when loosing actuating power)
� To be directly connected to the motor ports
– Closed circuit hydraulic system -> motion regulation is actuated at the
pump, need of an additional brake at the motor©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
Section 6 – Machinery, Piping and Electrical
1515
2-9/7 Brakes for personnel lifting winches
� Hoisting and luffing winches used for lifting of personnel are to be equipped with at least a static and a dynamic brake, which are to be mechanically and operationally independent
� Each brake is preferably to act directly on the winch drum but a fully independent load path will be considered on a case by case basis.
� With separate control circuit
Secondary brake rated
for personnel
Section 6 – Machinery, Piping and Electrical
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1616
2-6/25 Hydraulic cylinders
� Buckling of cylinders
� Added formula for critical load (ref. ANSI(NFPA)T3.6.37, Hydraulic
fluid power - Cylinders - Method for determining the buckling load),
� Required safety factor 2
� Lock valves
� Set point of valve at 110% of maximum dynamic operative pressure
(calculated with Live Load times Vertical Amplification Factor)
� Malfunctioning or wrong setting of counterbalance valve may
contribute to buckling of cylinders
� Design pressure of the cylinder to be at least set point of relief valve
(dependent on Vertical Amplification Factor)
Section 6 – Machinery, Piping and Electrical
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1717
2-9/9 Hydraulic cylinder for personnel lifting
� Redundancy required:
� One cylinder with double seals at the piston head and rod
OR
� Two independent cylinders, where each cylinder is to be
independently capable of holding the rated capacity for personnel
lifting.
Section 9 – Personnel Lifting
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
1818
2-6/13 & 2-9/25 Computer based system
� Computer-based system is a system of microprocessors, associated software, peripherals and interfaces.
� Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), Distributed Control Systems
(DCS), PC or server-based computation systems
� Safety level at least 2 for personnel lifting
� Safety level at least 1 for cargo lifting
System Category Effects of Failure
I
Failure will not lead to dangerous situations for human
safety, safety of the vessel and/or threat to the
environment.
II
Failure could eventually lead to dangerous situations
for human safety, safety of the vessel and/or threat to
the environment.
Computer Based system
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
2020
2-6/27.5 Load Radius Indicator
� A load-moment or load-radius indicating device for main and auxiliary hoists readable from the operator’s station is to be provided, preferably with an alarm or audible device to warn the operator of a possible overload condition
� Cranes having different SWLs when operating in different environmental conditions are to be provided with controls to prevent or warn that the maximum hook load is exceeded, without however, overriding the operator’s control of the load or crane.
� Not required for cranes designed for one SWL from minimum to maximum radii.
Section 6/27.5 – Safety Features
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
2121
2-9/13: Emergency recovery of personnel
� Three different levels of redundancy in the emergency recovery control systems of cranes:
PL notation
• The crane is to be fitted with its own independent means for controlled luff down and lowering operations in the event of a single failure in the power or control system. Such means is to provide controlled lowering and stopping of the winch drums and cylinders under all load conditions.
PL+ notation
• The crane is to be fitted with its own independent means for controlled slew, luff down, and lowering operations in the event of a single failure in the power or control system. Such means is to provide controlled slewing of the crane and lowering and stopping of the winch drums and cylinders under all load conditions.
PL++ notation
• The crane is to be fitted with its own independent means for performing all main functions, such as slewing, luffing up and down, hoisting up and down, folding and unfolding, telescoping in and out, etc., in the event of a single failure in the power or control system, under all load conditions.
Section 9 – Personnel Lifting
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
2222
2-7: Survey
� Section 7 – “Surveys” updates include:
� Survey requirements for slewing rings at Manufacturer
� Included proof load testing requirements to cover complex cranes
� Testing requirements for personnel lifting
– All safety features to be tested
– Personnel emergency recovery is to be demonstrated
Section 7 – Survey
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
2323
ABS Guide for Certification of Lifting Appliances
� Download 2016 Edition of the Guide at
www.eagle.org
Direct link
http://ww2.eagle.org/en/rules-and-resources/rules-and-guides.html
Section 7 – Survey
©2016 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved.
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