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GOALS
At the conclusion of this presentation, participants will:
Understand the effect of UV rays on skin Be able to both define SPF and know the
minimum recommended value for SPF Identify risk factors for sun damage Identify ways to reduce the risk of sun
damage List things that minimize risk of sun damage
How many of you use a form of sun protection when at the: Beach? Park? Afterschool or afterwork activities? Walking the dog?
LET’S SEE WHAT YOU KNOW (OR DON’T)
1. If you use plenty of sunscreen, you can stay in the sun as long as you'd like.
A. TrueB. False
2. Which of the following surfaces reflects
ultraviolet rays?
A. SnowB. SandC. IceD. WaterE. All of the above
4. Wearing white during hot weather protects you from sun damage because light-colored clothing reflects light, rather than absorbing it.
A. True B. False
6. Darker lenses on sunglasses offer better protection from ultraviolet rays than do lighter sunglass lenses.
A. True B. False
PHYSICS
Sunlight Total spectrum of the Electromagnetic
Radiation given off by the sun Electromagnetic Radiation
The full range of wavelengths that makeup light (visible and non-visible)
Light waves are fluctuations of electric and magnetic fields
ULTRAVIOLET RAYS
Band of sun rays 5% of sunlight that reaches the earth Reflects off of water, snow, sand and
ice Three types
UVA UVB UVC
UVA 90% reaches the earth on a cloudy day Not blocked by window glass Penetrates light clothing Penetrates deeper into the skin Has more long-term effects than UVB
UVB “B” for burn Cloud cover provides some protection Intensity varies
Time of day Season Altitude Weather
UVC Most rays are absorbed by the earth’s
atmosphere More dangerous than UVA and UVB Causes serious damage to DNA
HOW DOES ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AFFECT THE SKIN?
Sunburns -- the most common and acute response Photoaging – the leading cause of skin aging;
damage begins as early as in one’s 20’s Cancer – ultraviolet radiation is a known carcinogen
(cancer causing agent)
The effect is cumulative; the more time spent unprotected in the sun over your lifetime, the greater the risks.
MELANIN
Skin’s protective sun filter Natural pigment Acts as a shield against the sun’s
ultraviolet rays Greater in populations that live in areas
with greater sun intensity (Africa, Central America, Indian subcontinent, etc.)
SKIN CANCER
The most common form of cancer in the US
1 million new cases are diagnosed yearly 1 in 5 Americans and 1 in 3 Caucasians
will develop skin cancer in their lifetime >90% of all skin cancers are caused by
sun exposure The risk for skin cancer doubles if a
person has had 5 or more sunburns
TANNING BEDS
Newer high pressure sun lamps can emit UVR in doses 15 times that of the sun
Occasional use of tanning beds almost triples the chance of developing melanoma – the deadliest form of skin cancer; the use of tanning beds before the age of 35 increases the risk for melanoma by 75%
People who use tanning beds are 2.5 times more likely to develop squamous cell cancer and 1.5 times more likely to develop basal cell cancer
On an average day, more than 1 million people in the US tan in tanning salons; 70% are Caucasian women ages 16-49.
EVERYONE
SPF -- SUN PROTECTION FACTOR
A rating system developed by the FDA to describe the level of sun protection provided by a sunscreen
For example: an SPF of 30 allows an individual to stay out in the sun 30 times as long as without the sunscreen before developing the same reddening of the skin.
SUNSCREEN
SPF 15 blocks approximately 93 percent of all incoming ultraviolet rays
SPF 30 blocks 97 percent SPF 50 blocks 99 percent AAD and the Skin Cancer Foundation
recommend a minimum SPF of 15 Reapply every 2 hours (even on cloudy
days), especially after swimming or sweating
SUNSCREEN RECOMMENDATIONS
Broad spectrum providing protection from UVA UVB
Apply 30 minutes before sun exposure Reapply every 2 hours Reapply immediately after swimming,
toweling off or excess sweating Use 1 ounce each time
SUNSCREENS
Physical Made of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide Protect against UVA and UVB Prevent rays from being absorbed
Chemical Mexoryl protects against UVA and UVB Avobenzone or Oxybenzone protect
against UVA OR UVB Absorb rays before they can do damage
SUNSCREENS
Cream formulations Contribute to destruction of coral reefs due
to chemicals Mineral based sun protection
(Colorescience® Sunforgettable) do not have chemicals that affect the environment
SKIN CANCER FOUNDATION RECOMMENDS
Window film Sunscreens with UVA and UVB protection Sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection Self tanners Sun protective clothing and fabric Makeup, lip balm and moisturizers with a sunscreen Umbrellas For more information and to learn more about the
“Go With Your Own Glow” campaign go to www.skincancer.org
LET’S SEE WHAT YOU KNOW
1. If you use plenty of sunscreen, you can stay in the sun as long as you'd like.
False
Reapply sunscreen every 2 hours
2. Which of the following surfaces reflectsultraviolet rays?
A. SnowB. SandC. IceD. WaterE. All of the above
All of the above
3. You don't need to protect or cover your skin
on cloudy days.
False
UVA rays still penetrate through clouds
4. Wearing white during hot weather protects you from sun damage because light-colored clothing reflects light, rather than absorbing it.
FalseUV rays are still absorbed through
lighter colored clothing
6. Darker lenses on sunglasses offer better protection from ultraviolet rays than do lighter sunglass lenses.
FalseGlasses should specifically state that they provide UVA and UVB protection
7. Sunbathing or sun tanning once in a while won't hurt your skin.
FalseSun damage is cumulative
over a lifetime.
8. The darker your skin color, the less you need to worry about sun protection.
False
Even darker skin types can get sun damage and skin cancer.
RESOURCES
www.skincancer.org www.aad.org www.aafp.org
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