Age of Expansionism The Republic of Texas John Tyler Presidency Manifest Destiny James K. Polk...

Age of ExpansionismAge of Expansionism

The Republic of TexasThe Republic of Texas

John Tyler PresidencyJohn Tyler Presidency

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

James K. Polk PresidencyJames K. Polk Presidency

Mexican-American War Mexican-American War

Gold Rush of 1849Gold Rush of 1849

The Republic of Texas: 1836-The Republic of Texas: 1836-18451845

• Stephen F. Austin ColonyStephen F. Austin Colony

• 1821 Mexico independent from Spain1821 Mexico independent from Spain

• Mexican settlement plan 1824Mexican settlement plan 1824

• By 1830 20,000 white cotton growersBy 1830 20,000 white cotton growers

• 1830 Mexico ends plan: riots and revolts1830 Mexico ends plan: riots and revolts

• 1834 Santa Anna becomes dictator1834 Santa Anna becomes dictator

• The Alamo and Goliad: 1836The Alamo and Goliad: 1836

• Sam Houston: battle at San Jacinto Sam Houston: battle at San Jacinto River, River, – First president of the Republic of TexasFirst president of the Republic of Texas

Stephen F. AustinStephen F. Austin

Sam HoustonSam Houston

The AlamoThe Alamo

Davy CrockettDavy Crockett

John Tyler Presidency: 1841-John Tyler Presidency: 1841-18451845• Harrison’s Death: Accidental PresidentHarrison’s Death: Accidental President

• Opposite of Whig PhilosophyOpposite of Whig Philosophy

• Tyler: pro slavery Virginian, anti tariffs,Tyler: pro slavery Virginian, anti tariffs,– Anti internal improvements, anti national Anti internal improvements, anti national

bankbank

• Whole cabinet resigned over bank vetoWhole cabinet resigned over bank veto

• Tries to start his own partyTries to start his own party

• Proposes annexation of TexasProposes annexation of Texas– Secretary of state Upshur diesSecretary of state Upshur dies– Calhoun loses annexation voteCalhoun loses annexation vote

John Tyler: 1841-1845John Tyler: 1841-1845

James K. Polk: 1845-1849James K. Polk: 1845-1849

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny

• John L. O’Sullivan 1845John L. O’Sullivan 1845

• Puritan Colonies: all the way to PacificPuritan Colonies: all the way to Pacific

• ““Shinning city on the hill”Shinning city on the hill”

• Chosen PeopleChosen People

• Destiny to occupy whole continentDestiny to occupy whole continent

• Democratic government, civilize Democratic government, civilize continentcontinent

• Land for multiplying countryLand for multiplying country

• Oregon and California Trails: trek westOregon and California Trails: trek west

Election of 1844Election of 1844

• Texas Annexation main issueTexas Annexation main issue

• Whigs: Henry Clay wavers on issueWhigs: Henry Clay wavers on issue

• Dems: Not Tyler or Van Buren, but PolkDems: Not Tyler or Van Buren, but Polk

• Polk: Speaker and Governor of Polk: Speaker and Governor of TennesseeTennessee– Jacksonian, expansionist, Oregon & TexasJacksonian, expansionist, Oregon & Texas

• Liberty Party: Birney takes votes from Liberty Party: Birney takes votes from ClayClay

• Polk wins 170 to 105Polk wins 170 to 105

• Texas annexation approved 1845Texas annexation approved 1845

War with MexicoWar with Mexico

• Polk:Hard working, Oregon settled at 49Polk:Hard working, Oregon settled at 49thth

• Polk sends Zackary Taylor to Rio GrandePolk sends Zackary Taylor to Rio Grande

• Slidell, new Mexican government claims allSlidell, new Mexican government claims all

• Three pronged War: Taylor North MexicoThree pronged War: Taylor North Mexico– Freemont, Sloat, Kearny: westFreemont, Sloat, Kearny: west– Winfield Scott: Mexico CityWinfield Scott: Mexico City

• Political Debate:Lincoln & Thoreau opposePolitical Debate:Lincoln & Thoreau oppose

Winfield Scott captures Winfield Scott captures VeracruzVeracruz

Result of WarResult of War

• Treaty of Gaudelupe Hidalgo: TristTreaty of Gaudelupe Hidalgo: Trist– $15 million for California, Arizona, $15 million for California, Arizona,

Nevada,Nevada,– New Mexico, and half of TexasNew Mexico, and half of Texas– Rio Grande border, pay all debt $3.2 Rio Grande border, pay all debt $3.2

millionmillion

WAR EXPEREINCE: Lee, Grant, DavisWAR EXPEREINCE: Lee, Grant, Davis

1849 Gold Rush: $200 million1849 Gold Rush: $200 million