• How do people live before changing lifestyles in an Age of Industry?
SUBSISTENCE FARMING
• People harvested only what they needed.• COMMONS- people often shared land.
LABOR INTENSIVE
• Most people worked every day of the week.
HIGH INFANT MORTALITY
• Many babies died before one year old.• Led to low life expectancy.
DOMESTIC SYSTEM
• People usually worked out of their homes.• ARTISANS- those with special skills.• Ex: SMITHS- worked with metals.• TANNERS- made leather.• TAILORS- made clothes.
COAL MINES
• One of few non-farming jobs available.
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
• What new technology led to a change of lifestyles?
STEEL PLOW
• Better tool used to help plant crops.• WHY IMPORTANT- less need for farm workers.
COTTON GIN
• Could easily separate the seeds.• Led to more slave labor.
SPINNING JENNY
• Could mass produce cloth.• WHY IMPORTANT- needed workers
STEAM ENGINE
• Could power machines.• WHY IMPORTANT- led to factories.
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• Shift from farming to manufacturing.• DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFT- most of world lives in
urban areas rather than rural areas.
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
• How did the Industrial Revolution change the science of Economics?
CAPITAL
• Money, machines, natural resources and labor needed to start a business.
ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT
• Property no longer shared (commons) but instead is fenced off.
ASSEMBLY LINE
• Product come down conveyor belt, workers add to it.
• EXAMPLE: Henry Ford’s automobile factory.
DIVISION OF LABOR
• Each worker only has to know one part.• WHY IMPORTANT: Factory owners can hire
unskilled labor.
INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS
• Any part can fit on any machine on the assembly line.
FACTORY SYSTEM
• Most people leave home to go to work.• Opposite of domestic system.