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Aim: How was Napoleon finally defeated by the
European coalitions formed against him?
Do Now: Review last night’s
homework with your partner.
Continental System- Napoleon attempted to hurt the
British economy by eliminating it from continental
European affairs after France’s defeat at Trafalgar.
Peninsular War- Spain revolted against French control and
fought a guerilla war against French forces. Napoleon suffered
major defeats in Spain and eventually lost control of the
peninsula.
Francisco de Goya’s painting, Tres de Mayo (1814), which depicts French soldiers
executing civilians defending Madrid, would help make the uprising of May 2–3,
1808, a touchstone event of the Peninsular War. Notice how the painting
emphasizes the man in white striking a Christ-like pose.
Invasion of Russia- Napoleon decided to invade Russia after
it’s withdrawal from the Continental System. The invasion
proved to be a major disaster due to the Russian policies of
scorched earth and organized retreats.
Bad News from
France, painting
depicting Napoleon
encamped in a
Russian
Orthodox church
(Vasily
Vereshchagin, part
of his series,
"Napoleon, 1812",
1887–95).
The Night Bivouac of Napoleon's Army during retreat from Russia in
1812. Oil on canvas. Historical Museum, Moscow, Russia.
The Battle of Leipzig- Napoleon was defeated and exiled to Elba
Napoleon was
exiled to Elba
where he acted
as governor and
was paid a
salary by the
French state.
There was a
Bourbon
restoration in
France.
Bourbon Restoration as a
Limited Monarchy
Louis XVIII was a monarch of
the House of Bourbon who ruled
as King of France from 1814 to
1824 except for a period in 1815
known as the Hundred Days.
Until his accession to the throne
of France, Louis held the title
of Count of Provence as brother
of King Louis XVI. When the
young Louis XVII, Louis XVI's
son, died in prison in June 1795,
Louis XVIII succeeded his
nephew as King.
Le général Bonaparte à Arcole 17
novembre 1796 by Antoine-Jean
Gros.
The unfinished
portrait of General
Bonaparte (also
titled Le Général
Bonaparte) is an
unfinished portrait
of Napoleon
Bonaparte by
Jacques-Louis
David.
Bonaparte Crossing
the Alps (also called
Napoleon Crossing
the Alps, despite the
existence of another,
more well-known
painting with that
name) is an 1848–
1850 oil-on-canvas
portrait of Napoleon
Bonaparte, by French
artist Hippolyte
Delaroche.
Delaroche's picture of Napoleon crossing the Alps
Unconscious of the dreary wastes around,Of sleet that pierces with each fitful blast,
The icy peaks, the rough and treacherous ground,Huge snow-drifts by the whirlwind's breath amassed,Through which the jaded mule with noiseless tread,
Patient and slow, a certain foothold seeks,By the old peasant-guide so meekly led;
Moves the wan conqueror, with sunken cheeks,O'er heights as cold and lonely as his soul,-The chill lips blandly set, and the dark eyesIntent with fierce ambition's vast control,
Sad, keen and thoughtful of the distant prize;With the imperial robes and warlike steed,
That face ne'er wore such blended might and need!
—H.T. Tuckerman's poem, describing Delaroche's portrayal.
Jacques-Louis
David's
version of the
scene differs a
great deal
from
Delaroche's
idea of
Napoleon's
crossing of the
Alps.
file://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Napoleon4.jpgfile://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Napoleon4.jpg
The Emperor Napoleon
in His Study at the
Tuileries is an 1812
painting by Jacques-
Louis David. It shows
French Emperor
Napoleon I in uniform in
his study at the Tuileries
Palace. Despite the
detail, it is unlikely that
Napoleon posed for the
portrait.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Emperor_Napoleon_in_His_Study_at_the_Tuileries_-_Google_Art_Project.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Emperor_Napoleon_in_His_Study_at_the_Tuileries_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg
Napoleon is often
represented in his
green colonel
uniform of the
Chasseur à Cheval
of the Imperial
Guard, the regiment
that often served as
his personal escort,
with a large bicorne
and a hand-in-
waistcoat gesture.
file://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Napoleon_in_1806.PNGfile://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Napoleon_in_1806.PNG
David, The Coronation of Napoleon (1807), completed three years after the fact, but true to the
events and ideas of 1804.
Napoleon
(1810) in
Imperial
Regalia (age
41)
Napoleon
as King of
Italy
(Appiani)
file://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Napoleon_I_of_France_by_Andrea_Appiani.jpgfile://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Napoleon_I_of_France_by_Andrea_Appiani.jpg
Napoleon I on
his Imperial
Throne is an
1806 portrait of
Napoleon I of
France in his
coronation
costume, painted
by the French
painter Ingres.
Napoleon's withdrawal from Russia, a painting by Adolph Northen.
file://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Napoleons_retreat_from_moscow.jpgfile://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Napoleons_retreat_from_moscow.jpg
Delaroche's
"Napoléon
abdiquant à
Fontainebleau"
("Napoléon
abdicated in
Fontainebleau"),
1845 oil-on-
canvas.
file://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/DelarocheNapoleon.jpgfile://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/DelarocheNapoleon.jpg
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=napoleon&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=2IYCS64POR5M3M&tbnid=pD6l5b6bigo0SM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.coloribus.com/adsarchive/prints/diovol-plus-antacid-napoleon-1087805/&ei=qnc1U6jJJvS3sAS0h4EQ&psig=AFQjCNHqZW68tmO4Es5wpPU2OhzJRkCAAw&ust=1396098921483661http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=napoleon&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=2IYCS64POR5M3M&tbnid=pD6l5b6bigo0SM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.coloribus.com/adsarchive/prints/diovol-plus-antacid-napoleon-1087805/&ei=qnc1U6jJJvS3sAS0h4EQ&psig=AFQjCNHqZW68tmO4Es5wpPU2OhzJRkCAAw&ust=1396098921483661
Analyze the ways in which Napoleon Bonaparte both supported and undermined
the main goals of the French Revolution during his rule of France (1799–1815).
Enlightened Despotic
- Severe inequality for women.
- Oppressed conquered peoples
throughout Europe.
- Workers not allowed to form
trade unions.
- Practiced nepotism- placed
his relatives on the thrones of
nations he conquered.
- Repressed liberty, subverted
republicanism, and created a
dictatorship in France.
Employed secret police and
spies.
- Equality before the law.
- Freedom of religion.
- Creation of a secular state.
- Abolition of serfdom.
- Property rights and wealth
were protected.
- Extended inheritance
rights to women.
- Careers open to talent.
- Spread positive achievements
of French Revolution
throughout Europe.
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