Alexander the Great. I.Macedonia—kingdom located north of Greece

Alexander the Alexander the GreatGreat

I.I. MacedoniaMacedonia—kingdom —kingdom located north of Greecelocated north of Greece

1. 1. King Philip IIKing Philip II—359 B.C., —359 B.C., formed Macedonians into formed Macedonians into formidable army, formidable army, attacked and defeated attacked and defeated GreeceGreece

2.2. Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great——336 B.C., after his 336 B.C., after his father’s death, father’s death, Alexander proclaimed Alexander proclaimed himself king himself king of Macedoniaof Macedonia

A. Conquered Persian A. Conquered Persian Empire and much of Empire and much of Eastern Asia with Eastern Asia with any army that was any army that was at war for 11 years at war for 11 years and marched 11,000 and marched 11,000 milesmiles

The Battle

of Alexand

er at Issus

Detail of The

Battle of

Alexander

at Issus

B. He died one year after his B. He died one year after his return to Macedonia from a return to Macedonia from a fever just short of his 33fever just short of his 33rdrd birthdaybirthday

C. Alexander spread C. Alexander spread Greek culture to all Greek culture to all the regions he the regions he conquered despite conquered despite having their own having their own unique culture.unique culture.

II. Hellenistic Culture: II. Hellenistic Culture: Greek culture mixed Greek culture mixed with Egyptian, with Egyptian, Persian and Indian Persian and Indian influencesinfluences

1. 1. AlexandriaAlexandria—the city —the city located at the western located at the western side of the Nile delta was side of the Nile delta was the center of Hellenistic the center of Hellenistic cultureculture

2. Alexandria was at the 2. Alexandria was at the crossroads of three crossroads of three continents:continents:

1. Europe1. Europe

2. Asia2. Asia

3. Africa3. Africa

2. It was an international 2. It was an international city with a rich mixture city with a rich mixture of cultures, customs of cultures, customs and traditionsand traditions

3. Alexandria contained 3. Alexandria contained statues, palaces, statues, palaces, lighthouses, museums, lighthouses, museums, libraries and templeslibraries and temples

III.III. Science and Science and TechnologyTechnology– until the – until the 1616thth and 17 and 17thth centuries, Alexandria centuries, Alexandria provided most of the provided most of the scientific know-scientific know-ledge available ledge available to the westto the west

1.1. AstronomyAstronomy——Alexandria contained Alexandria contained a small observatory in a small observatory in which astronomers which astronomers could could study study

the the planets planets and starsand stars

2. 2. Math and PhysicsMath and Physics::

A. A. EuclidEuclid——mathematician mathematician who who opened a school opened a school in in Alexandria and Alexandria and whose whose works are still works are still the the basis for courses basis for courses in in geometrygeometry

B.B. ArchimedesArchimedes——estimated the value estimated the value of of ππ (pi) (pi) and invented and invented the lever and the lever and the pulleythe pulley

3. 3. Philosophy and ArtPhilosophy and Art::

A. A. StoicismStoicism—founded —founded by by Zeno (335-263 Zeno (335-263 B.C.)B.C.)

-believed a -believed a divine divine power power controlled the controlled the universeuniverse

-believed people -believed people should lead a virtuous should lead a virtuous life and avoid desire, life and avoid desire, power and wealthpower and wealth

B.B. EpicureansEpicureans—founded —founded by Epicurusby Epicurus-claimed the universe -claimed the universe was made up of atoms was made up of atoms and ruled by gods who and ruled by gods who had no interest in had no interest in humanshumans

--GoalGoal-pursue human -pursue human pleasurepleasure

By 150 B.C., the By 150 B.C., the Hellenistic world was Hellenistic world was declining and a new declining and a new

city, city, RomeRome, was , was growing and gaining growing and gaining

strength.strength.

Your review packet must include Your review packet must include the followingthe following::

*Vocabulary Sheet*Vocabulary Sheet*Athens vs. Sparta Chart *Athens vs. Sparta Chart *Contributions Mind-Map *Contributions Mind-Map