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CATA Presentation: LIWC & General Inquirer
Alicia Romano and Colleen Orihill2009
LIWC: Linguistic Inquiry and Word CountDesigned by James W. Pennebaker, Roger J. Booth, and Martha E.
FrancisThe program was designed to analyze over 70 dimensions of
language 4 general descriptor categories (total word count, words per
sentence, percentage of words captured by the dictionary, and percent of words longer than six letters)
22 standard linguistic dimensions (e.g., percentage of words in the text that are pronouns, articles, auxiliary verbs, etc.)
32 word categories tapping psychological constructs (e.g., affect, cognition, biological processes)
7 personal concern categories (e.g., work, home, leisure activities) 3 paralinguistic dimensions (assents, fillers, nonfluencies) 12 punctuation categories (periods, commas, etc.)
http://www.liwc.net/index.php
How LIWC WorksAnalyzes .txt and .doc(x) files. Output is given in .txt form but can be easily
transferred to an excel file.Output variable information:
http://www.liwc.net/descriptiontable1.phpRead more about LIWC dictionaries
(development, internal and external validity, etc.) http://www.liwc.net/liwcdescription.php#index7
Popular Children’s Books
Curious George by H.A. ReyHorton Hatches the Egg by Dr. SeussGoodnight Moon by Margaret Wise BrownPokey Little Puppy by Janette Sebring Lowrey
Example of Text
LIWC Interface
Opening Text file
Saving Output
Output
Results
General Inquirer: Overview
General Inquirer Internet Version (http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~inquirer/)
Codes and classifies text using 182 General Inquirer categories
developed for social-science content-analysis research applications to assess language reflecting particular institutions, emotion-laden words, cognitive orientation etc.
Creator Phillip J. Stone holds summer seminars on the program at the University of Essex.
Contact Roger Hurwitz with questions about access to the General Inquirer (rhhu@csail.mit.edu)
General Inquirer: How it WorksUser must create folders (on the desktop) for
both the input and the output.
The output is an Excel spreadsheet of a matrix of "tag counts" for each category, with (2) separate rows of tag counts for each file processed – a “raw” count and a “scaled statistic” count.
The Excel spreadsheet, originally in .txt form needs to be saved in .xls form.
General Inquirer: DictionariesGeneral Inquirer tag categories come from four sources:
Harvard IV-4 dictionaryLasswell value dictionary
New constructionsMarker categories
LINK TO DICTIONARY DESCRIPTIONS OF GENERAL INQUIRER TAG CATEGORIES (FROM FOUR SOURCES): http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~inquirer/homecat.htm
LINK TO COMPLETE listings for just the Harvard IV-4 categories - Maryland Webuse site: http://www.webuse.umd.edu:9090/tags/
General Inquirer: Data Sources(6)Horoscopes - November
2009:
Town & Country MagazineMarie Clare
General Inquirer: Interface
General Inquirer: Desktop FileData Source Input
General Inquirer: Example of TextAquarius January 21 – February 19
Too much seems to be going on at once. Professionally, you’re in demand, and others are depending on you to provide inspiration and leadership. Partners are exerting pressure on you, and issues involving home and domestic affairs have reached a climax. With Jupiter powerfully aspected in your sign, you’re inclined to be optimistic, but you need to make more of an effort to remain centered and focuses. Some castles in the air are bound to come tumbling down when Saturn squares Pluto on the 15th, though you should have little difficulty making the necessary repairs and turning adversity to your advantage by the 24th.
General Inquirer: Desktop Files Data Output Files
General Inquirer: Saving Output in Excel form
General Inquirer: Saving Output in Excel Form – Yes!
General Inquirer: ResultswordcountPositiv Negativ Strong Power WeakActive Passive
T&C AQUARIUS161 7 4 19 6 4 13 7
s 161 4.347826 2.484472 11.80124 3.726708 2.484472 8.074534 4.347826MC AQUARIUS
100 3 4 4 4 2 8 1s 100 3 4 4 4 2 8 1
T&C ARIES99 4 1 11 3 0 11 1
s 99 4.040404 1.010101 11.11111 3.030303 0 11.11111 1.010101MC ARIES
99 4 1 11 3 0 11 1s 99 4.040404 1.010101 11.11111 3.030303 0 11.11111 1.010101
T&C CANCER168 8 2 13 4 1 8 5
s 168 4.761905 1.190476 7.738095 2.380952 0.595238 4.761905 2.976191MC CANCER
99 1 3 7 3 0 7 2s 99 1.010101 3.030303 7.070707 3.030303 0 7.070707 2.020202
T&C CAPRICORN164 7 3 19 10 2 16 2
s 164 4.268293 1.829268 11.58537 6.097561 1.219512 9.756098 1.219512MC CAPRICORN
93 1 4 8 3 2 5 4s 93 1.075269 4.301076 8.602151 3.225807 2.150538 5.376344 4.301076
T&C GEMINI173 11 3 18 6 2 20 4
s 173 6.358381 1.734104 10.40462 3.468208 1.156069 11.56069 2.312139MC GENINI 104 5 2 10 4 1 7 1
s 104 4.807693 1.923077 9.615385 3.846154 0.961538 6.730769 0.961538T&C LEO172 7 2 15 3 0 14 4
s 172 4.069768 1.162791 8.72093 1.744186 0 8.139535 2.325581MC LEO 105 5 5 9 5 2 7 5
s 105 4.761905 4.761905 8.571428 4.761905 1.904762 6.666667 4.761905
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