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An experiment in deliberative
land-use planning
Hoi KongFaculty of Law
McGill University
Nik LukaSchools of Architecture and Urban Planning
McGill University
Research funding provided by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
The IssueCitizens are excluded from
meaningful participation in planning processes.
Constraints of time, resources and capacity.
Why Is Exclusion a Problem?
Issues of Legitimacy
Issues of Accountability
Issues of Effectiveness
What Are Some Challenges?
Closing the Expert-Layperson Gap
Finding Institutions to Mediate Between Citizens and the State
Place-based action-research for engendering meaningful
deliberation on local planning matters
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
Design development should be analogous to the classical
designer-client relationship (which often entails a Socratic
debate involving only one ‘citizen-user’—i.e., the ‘client’),
scaled up… BUT HOW ?!
Place-based action-research for engendering meaningful
deliberation on local planning matters
Linking POLITIES to MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES
through CIVIL SOCIETY … via the UNIVERSITY
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
LOCAL GOVERNMEN
T CIVIL SOCIETY
UNIVERSITYxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
Earlier pilot projects undertaken in Montréal
1. Green, active, healthy neighbourhoods2. Rethinking Saint-Viateur 3. Bâtiment 7 « à nous »
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
EXPERIMENTAL PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES USING NEW DIGITAL MEDIA
…FROM THE NEIGHBOURHOOD TO THE BUILDING SITE
Issues (language, access, digital divide…)
Balancing the ‘live’ and the ‘virtual’
Finding ‘comfort zones’Capacity of polities to
engage in complex decision-making
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
Digitally-Mediated Community-Based Design: LINKING UNIVERSITIES AND CIVIL SOCIETY
Digitally-Mediated Community-Based Design: PROCESS AND EXAMPLES (Rethinking Saint-Viateur)
1. Online Questionnaire2. Workshop with key community stakeholders
3. Design development (architecture & planning students)
4. Vetting of preliminary scenarios (neighbourhood kiosk and online forum)
5. Final recommendations for interventionKONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
phase 1
UNDERSTANDthe study area—its problems and possibilities
PARTICIPATORY PLANNING + DESIGN PROCESS
portrait of the study area
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
> Portrait de quartier
phase 2
EXPLORE planning and design strategies
phase 1
UNDERSTANDthe study area—its problems and possibilities
>
PARTICIPATORY PLANNING + DESIGN PROCESS
portrait of the study area
vision, priorities, and potential interventions KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
> Vision de quartier> Priorités d’interventions > Solutions d’aménagement
> Portrait de quartier
phase 2
EXPLORE planning and design strategies
phase 3
CO-PRODUCEthe future of the study area
phase 1
UNDERSTANDthe study area—its problems and possibilities
> >>>
PARTICIPATORY PLANNING + DESIGN PROCESS
portrait of the study area
vision, priorities, and potential interventions
vetting of options, plan production, regulatory reform
Digitally-Mediated Community-Based Design: BELLECHASSE PROJECT STRATEGY (2013-15)
1. Online Questionnaire2. Community visioning workshops
3. Design development (architecture & planning students)
4. Vetting of preliminary scenarios (neighbourhood kiosk,
communuity workshops, and online forum)5. Design development (architecture & planning
students)6. Critical review with municipal officials
7. Recommendations for regulatory reform
KONG + LUKA :: PLPR7 :: PORTLAND :: 13.02.2013
ConclusionsHow to Integrate Into Legal Processes?
Ad Hoc: Affleck de la Riva Example (Square des Frères-Charron)
Reworking Existing Procedures: Replacing the Referendum + Reason-Giving
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