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Architecture-Driven Architecture-Driven ModernizationModernization
----------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- The Legacy Systems ChallengeThe Legacy Systems Challenge
OMG Government Information Day – March 2008OMG Government Information Day – March 2008
------------------------------------------------------------
William Ulrich - TSG, Inc.William Ulrich - TSG, Inc.
www.systemtransformation.com
Defining Architecture-Driven Defining Architecture-Driven Modernization (ADM)*Modernization (ADM)*
Process of understanding & evolving existing Process of understanding & evolving existing software assets for:software assets for: Software improvementSoftware improvement ModificationsModifications Interoperability Interoperability RefactoringRefactoring RestructuringRestructuring ReuseReuse Porting Porting MigrationMigration Translation into another languageTranslation into another language Enterprise application integrationEnterprise application integration Service-oriented architectureService-oriented architecture Other initiatives as they relate to existing systemsOther initiatives as they relate to existing systems
* Source: Object Management Group (OMG) Architecture-Driven Modernization Task Force – http://adm.omg.org/ Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Enterprise Impacts of Aging IT Enterprise Impacts of Aging IT ArchitecturesArchitectures
Existing Data & Application Architectures:Existing Data & Application Architectures: Contain redundancy, obsolete functionality mixed with Contain redundancy, obsolete functionality mixed with
mission critical code across stovepipe structuresmission critical code across stovepipe structures Delay and undermine critical IT projectsDelay and undermine critical IT projects
Business Impacts of Aging IT Architectures:Business Impacts of Aging IT Architectures: Inefficiency, high operating costs, spiraling head-countInefficiency, high operating costs, spiraling head-count Poor responsiveness to customers / constituent basePoor responsiveness to customers / constituent base Lost / delayed revenue realizationLost / delayed revenue realization Creation of Shadow Systems* Creation of Shadow Systems* Erosion of ability to respond to tactical & strategic Erosion of ability to respond to tactical & strategic
objectivesobjectives
* * Spreadsheets, faxes, email, Access, dual entry, paper/pencilCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Traditional Approaches to Meet Traditional Approaches to Meet Existing IT Architecture ChallengesExisting IT Architecture Challenges
ExistingExistingITIT
ArchitecturesArchitectures
GreenfieldGreenfieldReplacementReplacement
MiddlewareMiddlewareBasedBased
IntegrationIntegration
ERP (Package) SolutionsERP (Package) Solutions
Existing IT architectures include application and data architectures as well as Existing IT architectures include application and data architectures as well as technical architectures. technical architectures.
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Greenfield Replacement:Greenfield Replacement:Costly & RiskyCostly & Risky
Greenfield replacement implies from scratchGreenfield replacement implies from scratch
Real cost of application rewrites is in the range Real cost of application rewrites is in the range of $15-30 / line of code (Gartner)of $15-30 / line of code (Gartner)
Greenfield replacement results in: Greenfield replacement results in: Missing or incorrect data & business rulesMissing or incorrect data & business rules
Significant reworking of deliverablesSignificant reworking of deliverables
Loss of critical business knowledgeLoss of critical business knowledge
If Greenfield replacement fails – there is no If Greenfield replacement fails – there is no fallbackfallback
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Software Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Software Comes with Risks & CostsComes with Risks & Costs
* Source: Cutter Report – Vol. 6, No. 9 – Sept. 2006
Integrating packages with existing data and Integrating packages with existing data and systems was very challengingsystems was very challenging
98% of package users were forced to change 98% of package users were forced to change business practices (tail wagging the dog)business practices (tail wagging the dog)
60% of business users favored the existing 60% of business users favored the existing legacy applications over the new packagelegacy applications over the new package
Only 18% of package users found it easy to Only 18% of package users found it easy to realize package benefitsrealize package benefits
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
New IRS system allows $200M in bogus refunds (USA Today – 2006)
Telecommunications company cancels package implementation effort - $70-80 million failure
FBI throws out a $100 million system as a total failure
U.S. Federal Agency cancels $70 million SAP implementation
Health insurance provider shuts down $60 million major systems replacement project
Hershey distribution package failure drives down stock value (1999)
Unacceptable Results of Greenfield Unacceptable Results of Greenfield Replacement & Package OptionsReplacement & Package Options
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Middleware Solutions Can Even Middleware Solutions Can Even Complicate Business ArchitecturesComplicate Business Architectures
Source: “Aligning Technology and Business: Applying Patterns for Legacy Transformation”, Howard Hess, IBM Systems Journal, Volume 44 Number 1, 2005
http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/441/hess.pdf
“…recent advances in integration middleware technology have provided some relief by making it possible for financial institutions to move customer information across channels. But in many cases the technology has been laid over flawed legacy architecture and has merely created more duplication.”
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Why Consider Modernization as a Strategy to Why Consider Modernization as a Strategy to Augment or Displace Traditional IT OptionsAugment or Displace Traditional IT Options
Traditional replacement approaches have Traditional replacement approaches have fallen shortfallen short
Non-invasive integration options have hit a Non-invasive integration options have hit a wallwall
Modernization offers solutions to address Modernization offers solutions to address critical, core IT architecture challengescritical, core IT architecture challenges
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Modernization: Shifting from Modernization: Shifting from Tactical to StrategicTactical to Strategic
““Most CIOs will need to develop new skills and Most CIOs will need to develop new skills and competencies in their management teams to deal with competencies in their management teams to deal with the significant challenges of IT modernization” the significant challenges of IT modernization”
““IT modernization reinstates IT strategic planning at IT modernization reinstates IT strategic planning at the heart of the CIO cabinet”the heart of the CIO cabinet”
““An organization's first act is to modernize its strategic An organization's first act is to modernize its strategic planning capabilities and immediately focus these planning capabilities and immediately focus these competencies toward IT asset modernization”competencies toward IT asset modernization”
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
* * Source: Gartner, Inc., “What the CIO Should Know and Do About IT Modernization “, Vecchio & Kyte, 6 February 2008
Architecture-Driven Modernization: Aligns Architecture-Driven Modernization: Aligns Business & IT Domain InitiativesBusiness & IT Domain Initiatives
Adopted from early horseshoe models from Unisys/TSG, Inc.
Bu
sin
ess D
om
ain
IT D
om
ain
IT D
om
ain
Existin
g
Existin
g
Enviro
nmen
t
Enviro
nmen
t Target
Target
Environment
Environment
Physical SystemPhysical SystemImplementationImplementation
Program DesignProgram DesignLevelLevel
System Design LevelSystem Design Level
Analysis LevelAnalysis Level
Requirements LevelRequirements Level
UML / SystemUML / SystemModelsModels
Business ModelsBusiness Models
Business Strategy
Mod
erni
zatio
n A
naly
sis
Dom
ain
AD
MR
efac
torin
gD
omai
n
AD
MT
rans
form
atio
nD
omai
n
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Architecture-Driven Architecture-Driven Modernization ScenariosModernization Scenarios
ADM Scenario: An initiative (e.g. portfolio ADM Scenario: An initiative (e.g. portfolio
management), project (e.g. migrating management), project (e.g. migrating
platforms) or series of projects (e.g. platforms) or series of projects (e.g.
consolidating, redesigning and redeploying an consolidating, redesigning and redeploying an
application in model driven architecture) application in model driven architecture)
applied to one or more existing systems.applied to one or more existing systems.
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Modernization Scenarios (Projects) Driven by Modernization Scenarios (Projects) Driven by Degree of Abstract from Physical SystemsDegree of Abstract from Physical Systems
Adopted from earlier horseshoe models from Unisys/TSG, Inc.
Bu
sin
ess D
om
ain
IT D
om
ain
IT D
om
ain
-Data ConversionData Conversion-Language TransliterationLanguage Transliteration
-Language MigrationLanguage Migration-Platform MigrationPlatform Migration
-Replacement ScenariosReplacement Scenarios-Greenfield RewriteGreenfield Rewrite-ERP/Package DeploymentERP/Package Deployment
UML / SystemUML / SystemModelsModels
Business ModelsBusiness Models
ADM Scenario MappingM
od
ern
izat
ion
Pro
ject
Sce
nar
ios
-SOA TransformationSOA Transformation-Data Architecture RedesignData Architecture Redesign-Procedural to Object Lang. MigrationProcedural to Object Lang. Migration
-Knowledge ReclamationKnowledge Reclamation-Model Driven Architecture MigrationModel Driven Architecture Migration-Architecture ConsolidationArchitecture Consolidation
Target
Target
Environment
Environment
Existin
g
Existin
g
Enviro
nmen
t
Enviro
nmen
t
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Converts source code to new language or language level with run time environment
Objective: Convert system to new language and / or run time platform.
Migrates application to new hardware and / or operating system
Sample ADM Scenario:Sample ADM Scenario:Language & Platform Migration ScenarioLanguage & Platform Migration Scenario
•Scenario (s) not model driven.•Typically 1-to-1 correspondence between current and target system•Can mix & match with module / system redesign or consolidation.
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Sample ADM Scenario: Model Driven Sample ADM Scenario: Model Driven Architecture Transformation ScenarioArchitecture Transformation Scenario
Objective: Migrate existing data, business logic to an environment in which systems are maintained in models.
•Extract business rules & data definitions•Purge implementation dependent logic•Rationalize/consolidate data & logic as needed•Migrate/merge extracted logic & data definitions into applicable modelsExisting applications
& data definitionsSample models
RegisterClaim
ApproveClaim
Trigger
ObjectFrom objectdata model
PreconditionEmployee makes
a claim Register claim
Trigger
Daily claimreview process
Source: Martin/Odell
InsuredEmployee
Producepacking list
DecrementFGI
Ship orderShip order
Shipping Clerk
Drop shipfrom remotewarehouse
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
OMG’s Architecture-Driven Modernization OMG’s Architecture-Driven Modernization Task Force Driving Industry StandardsTask Force Driving Industry Standards
OMG ADM Task Force* established in 2003:OMG ADM Task Force* established in 2003: To create specifications and promote industry consensus on To create specifications and promote industry consensus on
modernization of existing applicationsmodernization of existing applications Major industry vendor, integrator participation Major industry vendor, integrator participation
ADM Standards ADM Standards Knowledge Discover Metamodel (KDM)Knowledge Discover Metamodel (KDM) Abstract Syntax Tree Metamodel (ASTM) in final submissionAbstract Syntax Tree Metamodel (ASTM) in final submission Software Metrics Metamodel (SMM) in final submissionSoftware Metrics Metamodel (SMM) in final submission Analysis Package submissions in progressAnalysis Package submissions in progress Visualization, refactoring & transformation under discussionVisualization, refactoring & transformation under discussion
Tool interoperability & standards offer organizations more Tool interoperability & standards offer organizations more options and confidence in long-term solutionsoptions and confidence in long-term solutions
*OMG Architecture-Driven Modernization Task Force *OMG Architecture-Driven Modernization Task Force
-- See: -- See: http://adm.omg.org/ Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Four Basic Ways to Implement Four Basic Ways to Implement Modernization on ProjectsModernization on Projects
Tool Centric:Tool Centric: License tool, get trained & do it License tool, get trained & do it yourself:yourself: Works where repeated use of tool is envisionedWorks where repeated use of tool is envisioned
Service Supported:Service Supported: License tool, engage outside License tool, engage outside support to work with in-house teamssupport to work with in-house teams
In-Sourced:In-Sourced: Bring in vendor with a tool & they Bring in vendor with a tool & they perform work onsite perform work onsite Works well for one-time projects Works well for one-time projects
Outsourced:Outsourced: Send your system out to a vendor Send your system out to a vendor Works only for very well defined tasksWorks only for very well defined tasks
In-house personnel still must do oversight, testingIn-house personnel still must do oversight, testingCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Essential Elements of an Architecture-Essential Elements of an Architecture-Driven Modernization ProgramDriven Modernization Program
Understanding of how modernization fits into Understanding of how modernization fits into existing or planned IT & business projectsexisting or planned IT & business projects
Framework for understanding project scenarios, Framework for understanding project scenarios, work plans, estimates and cost analysiswork plans, estimates and cost analysis
Knowledge of and access to available tools, Knowledge of and access to available tools, technologies & service providerstechnologies & service providers
A starting point:A starting point: Current, high-level architecture assessmentCurrent, high-level architecture assessment
Strategy session outlining options, timelinesStrategy session outlining options, timelines
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
What You Should Think About What You Should Think About When Considering ModernizationWhen Considering Modernization
Do you really understand why you are Do you really understand why you are undertaking the initiative?undertaking the initiative?
Have you taken business architectural alignment Have you taken business architectural alignment into account?into account?
What are the impacts on interfacing & What are the impacts on interfacing & upstream / downstream systems?upstream / downstream systems?
Have you considered the condition & impact of Have you considered the condition & impact of the underlying data architecture?the underlying data architecture?
Are you leveraging established modernization Are you leveraging established modernization literature, approaches & knowledge?literature, approaches & knowledge?
Copyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights ReservedCopyright TSG Inc., 2008, All Rights Reserved
Architecture-Driven Modernization:
The Legacy Systems Challenge
Questions?
OMG Government Information Day – March 2008OMG Government Information Day – March 2008
------------------------------------------------------------
William Ulrich - TSG, Inc.William Ulrich - TSG, Inc.
www.systemtransformation.com
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