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ReligionA major source of worldviewsA socially shared set of beliefs,
ideas, and actions that relate to reality
A guide for everyday practiceMonotheistic vs. polytheistic
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Judaism-1: principlesGod is oneNo human will ever be divineHumans are freeHumans are the pinnacle of creationJews are chosen people to serve the
GodHumans must be obedient to God-
given commandments as written in the wholly book Torah
Human-beings are held personally responsible for their deeds in this life3
Judaism-3: implications
Not against private ownership and commercial activities
Traditional business orientationRestrictions on consumption of
certain foodsNo work on Sabbath
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Christianity-1: basesThe Trinity of God: the Father, the
Son, the Holy SpiritJesus Christ as the role modelSalvation by regret
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Christianity 2: principles
Worship no god but the GodDo not make images of anything in heavenDo not use the God’s name for evil purposeObserve the Sabbath and keep it holyRespect your mother and fatherDo not commit murderDo not commit adulteryDo not stealDo not accuse anyone falselyDo not covet another person’s possessions
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Christianity-4: implicationsImportance of workPrivate propertyProtestant ethic and hard workCatholicism and social justice
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Islam-1: six articlesBelief in Allah as the only godBelief in angelsBelief in other holy books, Koran
being the lastBelief in other prophets,
Muhammad being the last and the greatest
Belief in the judgment dayBelief that everything good or evil
proceeds from the God
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Islam-2: other principlesHonoring and respecting parentsRespecting the rights of othersBeing generous but no squandererAvoiding killing except for justifiable
causesNot committing adulteryDealing justly and equitably with othersBeing of pure heart and mindSafeguarding the possessions of
orphansBeing humble and unpretentious
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Islam-3: implicationsFairness, equity, and mutual
consent in businessNo interestNot against free enterpriseFocus more on spiritual lifeProhibitions on bribery, alcohol,
pork meat, chance games, and obscenity
Civil code regulating all life spheres
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Hinduism-1: principlesTransient and illusory worldIncarnations and cycle of birth and
rebirthKarma and nirvanaHierarchy of gods and goddessesVedas as the religious textsSpiritual and material worlds not
separatedNo formal religious hierarchyStrict social hierarchy and cast
system 13
Hinduism-2: implicationsAsceticismNot supportive of entrepreneurship
and wealth creationImmobility between classesParadox: current-day India with
highly productive workforce and industrial activities
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Buddhism-1: principlesSpiritual fulfillmentExistence as suffering due to desire
for things and personsSuppression of desire and end of
sufferingNo god or gods but a supreme truth
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Buddhism-2: implicationsNo support for free enterpriseSpiritual not material well-beingSuppression of desires
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Confucianism-1: basesHierarchical relationships between
people for stability in society (ruler-subject, father-son, older brother-younger brother, husband-wife, older friend-younger friend)
Exchange of respect/loyalty and protection/consideration
Family as the prototype for all social institutions
Group membership before individuality
Harmony and keeping face
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Confucianism-2: principlesLove for humankindRespect for the pastRespect for the acquisition of
knowledge and character building Society best run by virtue not by
lawResponsibility of government for
the governed
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Confucianism-3: implicationsFostering and developing long-term
relationshipsNetworking and cultivating
relationships with business partnersPersonal and reciprocal not just
contractual and transactional relationships
Work ethic
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Comparison: WestMechanistic worldviewReason over intuitionScience over religionUniverse as something manageableDualism of spiritual and material
worlds
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