Bellwork: Sensory System Vocabulary explain how homeostasis is maintained. ... Tongue Taste Skin ......

Bellwork: Sensory System

Vocabulary

Ambly-dull, dim

Audio-related to sound

Chrom- color

Cochle- coiled tube

Corne- cornea

Diplo- double

Echo- sound

-esthesia sensation

Lacrim- tear

Myring- eardrum

Ocul- eye

Opthalm- eye

Oto- ear

Photo- light

Presby- old age

Tympan- middle ear

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

SPECIAL SENSESHEALTH SCIENCES

State Standards

Health Science

8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained.

19) Understand principles of and successfully perform skills related to Medical Assisting Skills, incorporating rubrics from textbooks or clinical standards of practice for the following

b. Screening for vision problems

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Objectives

Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the eye, ear, nose, and tongue.

Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the skin or integumentary system.

Students will perform vision assessments to screen for vision problems.

Students will explore sensory experiences of the different sensory organs through lab activities

THE FIVE SENSES

Eyes

Sight

Ears

Hearing

Nose

Smell

Tongue

Taste

Skin

Touch

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

The eye

1 inch sphere

Protected by the orbital socket of

the skull, eyebrows, eyelids, and

lashes

Continuously bathed in tears

from the lacrimal duct in the

inner corner of the eye

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE EYE

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Discussion

With a partner discuss…

What is purpose of tears?

What would happen to our eyes

without tears?

Why do we blink? Is this a

voluntary or involuntary reflex?

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE EYE

Sclera - outer layer or white of eye

Cornea - center and front of sclera

Choroid coat - middle of the eye

Iris - colored, muscular part

Pupil - circular opening in iris

Lens - behind iris and pupil

Retina - innermost (third) coat

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE EYE

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

PATHWAY OF VISION

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Labeling

Draw an eye and label these parts….

Sclera

Cornea

Pupil

Lens

Retina

Optic nerve

Add this to your notes.

Common Vision defects

Presbyopia- decreased ability to focus on close objects

Hyperopia- (farsightedness)- objects must be moved farther away to be clear

Myopia- (nearsightedness)- objects must be brought closer to be clear

Amblyopia- dimness of vision

Astigmatism- irregularly curved cornea

Diplopia- blurred vision

Strabismus-crossed eyes (due to muscle weakness)

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Eye Trivia!!!

Which famous screen

actress was noted for her

stunning eyes?

Many people thought

her irises were violet in

color…

Research what gives the

eye its actual color??

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Screening for Vision problems

Common screening tools include…

Snellen Chart- assess distance

Reading newsprint- assess near vision

Color testing- color bars on the Snellen chart

Manual Peripheral Vision screening

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Snellen Chart

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMwy06mAV5U

Colored lines are used to check for presence of colored

blindness

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Reading Newsprint

Tests near vision by measuring the

ability to read newsprint at a

distance of 14 inches (35 cm).

Determines if hyperopia or

myopia is present

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Steps to Checking Peripheral

Vision

Assesses peripheral vision by determining when an object comes into sight.

a. Seats client 2 to 3 feet away from self

b. Has client cover one eye and gaze straight ahead.

c. Begins well outside normal peripheral vision and brings object to the center of the visual fields.

d. Repeats in all 4 visual fields, clockwise.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Activity

With a partner you will be checking each others vision using a

grading rubric. You will be performing the following tests…

Distance- Snellen chart

Color- Snellen Chart

Near- newsprint

Peripheral- manual peripheral testing

Document the results of your testing and determine if your partner

has any visual defects.

*if you wear glasses (complete activity with glasses and without to

observe the difference)

*you will be performing Snellen chart Check offs as part of your test

over special senses.

Bellwork

If you could live without one of your

senses what would it be and why? 2-3

sentences.

Sight

Hearing

Taste

Smelling

Touch

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Standard

8) Outline basic concepts of

normal structure and function of

all body systems, and explain

how homeostasis is maintained.

(The special senses are part of the nervous system

and integumentary system)

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Objectives

Students will demonstrate knowledge of

anatomy of the eye, ear, nose, and

tongue.

Students will explore sensory experiences

of the different sensory organs through lab

activities

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE EAR

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE EAR

The outer ear (Pinna)

collects sound waves and directs them into auditory canal that leads to the eardrum

Glands that secrete wax (cerumen)

Discussion: Discuss with a partner why we need cerumen.

Research: Applying what you know about the types of tissue, what tissue is the outer part of our ear made of?

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE EAR cont…

The middle ear

Cavity in the temporal bone connects to the throat by the Eustachian tube

Where did we get the name for this?

equalizes air pressure

Contains 3 tiny bones that transmit sound waves to the ear drum

Hammer

Anvil

Stirrup

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Bartolomeo Eustachi

He is extended the knowledge of the internal ear by rediscovering and describing correctly the tube that bears his name. He is the first who described the internal and anterior muscles of the malleus and the stapedius, and the complicated figure of the cochlea. He is the first who studied accurately the anatomy of the teeth, and the phenomena of the first and second dentition. Eustachius also discovered the adrenal glands (reported in 1563).

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

(Draw and Label)

Discussion

Discuss with your partner

Why would we need the ability to

equalize pressure between our

ear canal and throat?

What are examples of when this

happens?

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Homeostasis and Equilibrium

You equalize your ears many times a day without

realizing it, by swallowing. Oxygen is constantly

absorbed by the tissues of your middle ear, lowering

the air pressure in those spaces. When you swallow,

your soft palate muscles pull your Eustachian tubes

open, allowing air to rush from your throat to your

middle ears and equalize the pressure. That’s the

faint “pop” or “click” you hear about every other

swallow.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ie2j7GpC4JU

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE NOSE

The human nose can detect

about 10,000 different smells.

Odor molecules that pass

through the nose get

warmed and moistened.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Did you know??!!

Our eyes always

stay the same

size…..

However our ears

and nose grow

throughout our

entire life!!!

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE TONGUE

The tongue is a mass of muscle

tissue with structures called

papillae

Taste buds cover the papilla,

which are stimulated by sweet,

sour, salty, and bitter tastes

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

THE TONGUE (draw and label)

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Tongue Trivia!!

Did you know…

Taste is the weakest of the five senses

We have almost 10,000 taste buds

inside our mouths; even on the roofs of

our mouths

Everyone’s tongue print is different

similar to fingerprints

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Group Activity

Read the Smell and Taste lab information

located on the website.

In your small groups you will be completing

sensory stations and answering the questions

located around the room…

1. How is your sense of smell?

2. Smell Accommodation

3. The link between taste and smell

4. Taste sensations

When you are finished answer the Review

questions located at the bottom individually© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Bellwork: Write down the terms.

Albin- white

Alopec- baldness

Cutaneo- skin

Cyan- blue

Derma- skin

Jaund- yellow

Lipo- fat

Melan- black

-ous pertaining to

Papill- pimple

Sebac- oil glands

Stratum- layer

-thermia heat

Vascul- blood vessel

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Standard

8) Outline basic concepts of

normal structure and function of

all body systems, and explain

how homeostasis is maintained.

(The special senses are part of the nervous system

and integumentary system)

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Objectives

Students will demonstrate knowledge of

anatomy of the skin or integumentary

system.

Students will research various skin diseases

or disorders and possible preventative

measures or treatments.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Trivia?!?!?

What is the largest

organ of the body?

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

The Integumentary System: The

Structures of the Skin

Epidermis layer

Dermis layer

Subcutaneous layer

Sweat Glands

Sebaceous Glands

Nerve endings

Hair follicles

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Homeostasis in the

Integumentary System

Epidermis

Outermost layer

Protects body from environment

Dermis

Middle layer

The thickest layer

It regulates body temperature and supplies nutrients

Hypodermis

Innermost layer

Is an insulator, shock absorber, and protects the organs

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Homeostasis and the

Integumentary System

Sweat Glands

Produce sweat to cool body temperature

In what other ways do we benefit from sweat?

Sebaceous Glands

Produce sebum or oil

Gives skin a smooth appearance

Protects skin from invading pathogens

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Check for understanding!!

Which two body systems does our sense of touch involve or relate to?

Which layer of our skin is the thickest?

Which gland helps our body to cool off?

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Burns: Watch Video/Take Notes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dsvtzwp4

nG8

What are the three levels of burns?

What are common causes of burns?

How would you treat a second degree burn?

Research hospitals that have “burn units.”

Would you have to have additional training

perhaps to work in these units and treats these patients?

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Activity: Research then teach!!

With your small group:

Research common skin diseases or

disorders.

Describe the disease or disorder.

Are there any treatments for this

disease or disorder?

Are there preventative measures that

can be taken to avoid this disease or

disorder?© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Diseases, Disorders, or Trauma

Bedsores

Acne Vulgaris

Impetigo

Athlete’s Foot

Eczema

Shingles

Psoriasis

Warts

Contact Dermatitis

Ulcer

Pustules

Ringworm

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Project: Skin Cancer Brochure

Go to the class website.

Scroll down to Special Senses

Choose Skin Cancer Awareness

Brochure.

This will be for a project grade.

Read the Rubric.

Your grade will be based on the

requirements given.

© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.