BENCHMARK REVIEW

BENCHMARK REVIEW

As a system I am responsible for breaking down large food molecules

into smaller nutrients the body can use.

DIGESTIVE2 types of digestion – mechanical and chemical

Where do each take place?

I add surface area to the small intestine to slow down the food’s passage and to

absorb nutrients.

VILLIFinger-Like projects, increase surface area, slow down passage of

chyme, increases chance of absorption and digestion

All living things need these compounds. My family includes: amino acids,

carbohydrates, proteins and lipids.

ORGANICAll contain CARBON atoms, then look for Hydrogen

As a system I an responsible for moving materials through out

your body.

CIRCULATORYEndoplasmic Reticulum has a similar job in individual cells

My salivary glands secrete saliva which begins ________ digestion of starches into

sugars.

CHEMICALLarge molecules have chemical bonds broken, creating new

substances

My process produces clone and requires only 1 parent for reproduction (1 word)

ASEXUALLess diversity, less variety in a population

Although I am teeth I act like a simple machine (wedge) and perform

_________ digestion on your food.

MECHANICALFood is broken/cut/compacted into smaller pieces, physical change

As a system I am responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon

dioxide gasses.

RESPIRATORYGas exchange takes place between alveoli and capillarys

I disproved the idea of spontaneous generation. (2

WORDS)

CELL THEORYAll living things are made of cells

Cells are the basic unit of living thingsCells come form other living cells

Organisms can extract energy from their surroundings/environment

I am the elastic structure in your lungs where gas exchange takes place

ALVEOLI

All my kids are the same, some use the term clone, but I prefer:

UNIFORMAsexual reproduction – 1 parent

I am the basic unit of life.

CELLAtoms are the basic unit of matter

Cellular ___________ takes place in the mitochondria of all cells. The result is ATP

an energy molecule.

RESPIRATIONChemical reaction that converts glucose into ATP (energy)

As I increase so does the health and sustainability of my ecosystem.

BIODIVERSITYVariety of all organisms in an ecosystem

Sustainability = ability to maintain and continue

I have to play second banana to the nervous system, but at least I get to

help control and coordinate your body.

ENDOCRINEHelps control body functions using hormones

I help with the mechanical digestion of lipids and am produced by the liver.

BILEStored in the gall bladder, released into small intestine

I am semi-permeable and referred to as the gate keeper if you do not know the

“password” you are not getting in or out. (2 words)

CELL MEMBRANE

As a species I am not to blame if I edge out native species and decrease your

biodiversity. You have tagged me as an _________ species

INVASIVEUsually “imported” by humans, tend to “push” out native species

Not all producers are plants that’s why we prefer the term:

AUTOTROPHAlgae, phytoplankton

Use photosynthesis and chemosynthesis to produce food

I capture the sun’s radiant energy and transform it into chemical energy.

CHOLORPLASTONLY in plants site of photosynthesis = production of glucose

I am a genius and in command of my SMALL world

NUCLEUSLocation of DNA/Chromosomes – contains all information about

how an organism is built and functions

By using this method of reproduction we guarantee a greater mix of genetic

material and a greater biodiversity.

SEXUALGreater diversity of within species and populations

2 parents

All ecosystems want to continue indefinitely so we do all we can to

maintain our:

SUSTAINABILITYAbility to maintain and continue

Species able to survive indefinately

Our offspring are not uniform they are very…..

DIVERSESexual reproduction, 2 parents, combination of different genetic

material increases the gene pool

I am the process that takes in sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce

glucose and oxygen.

PHOTOSYNTHESISTakes place in chloroplasts of autotrophs

Plant cells like by rigidity because I provide them with structure and

support

CELL WALLONLY in plants, made of cellulose – cell membrane will pull away

from cell wall when turgor pressure is lost

Accomplishment means you have applied a force and moved an object some distance.

I am calculated by multiplying: F x D

WORKUnit of measurement = joule (j)

My largest organ is the skin and I act as a barrier to protect the body. I am the

__________ system.

INTEGUMENTARYHelps maintain homeostasis by helping to control body temperature

Although I am part of the digestive system no digestion takes place, only absorption

of water and dissolved nutrients.

LARGE INTESTINESNO DIGESTION. E. coli live here and “feed” on undigested materials

producing vitamin K which we need = symbiosis / Mutualism

Nothing can SUCK because I am defined as a push or a pull

FORCEF = m x a

Unit of measurement = newton (N)

I store all the data that codes for who you are and how you work. I am located in the

nucleus.

DNAMakes up our Chromosomes holds our genetic code

I am a special key that can not open any locks but I can help you identify an

organism.

DICHOTOMOUSUses a series of yes or no questions

Scientific name = genus species = always in latin

My job is to filter blood to remove waste.

KIDNEY

I am the unit of measurement for work.

JOULE

Although I am small I have a critical job. I produce proteins for you.

RIBOSOMESI can be “free floating” in the cytoplasm or attached to the

endoplasmic reticulum

Without my wave like contractions food could not move through your digestive

system.

PERISTALSIS

I am responsible for producing ATP during cellular respiration.

MITOCHONDRIAATP = energy molecule

“Power House”

My system’s main go to worker is the kidney, without me you would become

very toxic.

EXCRETORYRemoves liquid waste from the body – filtered and collected in the kidney > passes thru ureters to the urinary bladder then out of body thru the urethra

I am a genius and in command of my SMALL world

NUCLEUS

Omnivore, Carnivore, Herbivore we are all a type of…..

HETEROTROPHCannot make our own food we need to COMSUME other organisms

to get food

Please keep me watered properly so that my vacuoles will stay full and maintain __________ pressure so I do not wilt.

TURGORCell membrane will pull away from cell wall, cell will appear to “shrink” when turgor pressure is lost. Plants will wilt and eventually die if they do not receive

adequate amounts of water

If you have one or more of me, I can increase your chance of survival.

ADAPTATION

My ecosystem has been undergoing ________ succession due to a wildfire.

SECONDARY

I am involved in a symbiotic relationship and help form soil.

LICHEN

I am the driving force behind adaptations and is some times thought of as “Survival of the Fittest” (2 words).

Natural Selection

I am a plant’s circulatory system responsible for transporting necessary

materials through the plant.

XYLEM

Every good ecosystem strives to become a _________ community.

CLIMAX

Sure takes a long time to create an ecosystem when you are starting with nothing but a bunch of rocks. I guess

that’s why they call it _______ succession

PRIMARY