Benefits of Managing Solid Waste Non-sanitary landfills: Risk assessment & risk mitigation

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11/21/21

Benefits of Managing Solid WasteBenefits of Managing Solid Waste

Non-sanitary landfills:Non-sanitary landfills:Risk assessment & risk mitigationRisk assessment & risk mitigation

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Indonesia, country of natural wealth !!Indonesia, country of natural wealth !!

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Indonesia, country of natural wealth ??Indonesia, country of natural wealth ??

33/21/21

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PRESENT SITUATION OF LANDFILLS IN INDONESIAPRESENT SITUATION OF LANDFILLS IN INDONESIA

• Landfilling is major route for processing of wastesLandfilling is major route for processing of wastes

• Alternative solutions, including incineration, composting or Alternative solutions, including incineration, composting or separate collection with recycling are hardly appliedseparate collection with recycling are hardly applied

• These alternatives are costly, are not suitable or require big These alternatives are costly, are not suitable or require big change in waste management system)change in waste management system)

• Collection rate of waste is 50-60% (so, much waste is dispersed Collection rate of waste is 50-60% (so, much waste is dispersed into environment)into environment)

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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?

1. 1. Landfills causes Landfills causes sliding of wastessliding of wastes (in (in 2006 many people 2006 many people died because of this died because of this problem)problem)

55/21/21

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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?

2. 2. Landfills creates Landfills creates unhealthy situation unhealthy situation for menfor men (gases, (gases, smoke, hurting, smoke, hurting, diseases)diseases)

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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?

3. 3. Biogas from landfills Biogas from landfills creates risk for creates risk for explosions explosions (fires, (fires, explosion of wastes, explosion of wastes, etc.). Biogas must be etc.). Biogas must be released into released into atmosphereatmosphere

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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?

4. 4. Leachate water is Leachate water is hazardous and hazardous and pollutes the pollutes the environment environment (as (as result from rain result from rain water infiltrating water infiltrating the landfill).the landfill).

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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?

5. 5. Health risk for Health risk for workers on or near workers on or near landfill (diseases, landfill (diseases, medical cost)medical cost)

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WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?WHAT IS THE (REAL) COST OF LANDFILLING ?

6. 6. Global Warming Global Warming (sea (sea water rising, water rising, hurricanes, drought, hurricanes, drought, diseases etc.)diseases etc.)

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WHAT TO DO ?WHAT TO DO ?

1111/21/21

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STRATEGY, PLANS, MEASURESSTRATEGY, PLANS, MEASURES

1.1. National waste strategy: should support short term National waste strategy: should support short term and long term solutions. Should promote sustainable and long term solutions. Should promote sustainable solutions.solutions.

2.2. Appropriate plans: should be realistic from technical Appropriate plans: should be realistic from technical and financial point of view. Should focus on and financial point of view. Should focus on modernizing the landfills.modernizing the landfills.

3.3. Measures: immediate measures should mitigate the Measures: immediate measures should mitigate the immediate risks. Should focus on major risk: immediate risks. Should focus on major risk: collection and utilization of the biogascollection and utilization of the biogas

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IMPORTANT IMMEDIATE MEASUREIMPORTANT IMMEDIATE MEASURE

Collection of biogasCollection of biogas::

- mitigates the risks for humansmitigates the risks for humans

- improves waste management operations (and increases income)improves waste management operations (and increases income)

- promotes production of sustainable energy & local energy promotes production of sustainable energy & local energy generationgeneration

- promotes transfer of technology to regions of Indonesiapromotes transfer of technology to regions of Indonesia

- generates income from electricitygenerates income from electricity

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BIOGASBIOGAS

Biogas (containing methane or CHBiogas (containing methane or CH44) is a valuable source of energy but ) is a valuable source of energy but cannot be utilized without measures and investments:cannot be utilized without measures and investments:

- 11stst phase: structuring of waste disposal phase: structuring of waste disposal- 22ndnd phase: placing of biogas collection system (including covering phase: placing of biogas collection system (including covering

of waste)of waste)- 33rdrd phase: production of electricity phase: production of electricity

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BIOGASBIOGAS

1515/21/21

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Biogas investment Biogas investment programme for programme for

regions of regions of IndonesiaIndonesia

--Example of PaluExample of Palu

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Palu landfill was Palu landfill was visited, visited,

investigated investigated and assessed.and assessed.

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Palu landfill was Palu landfill was visited, visited,

investigated investigated and assessed.and assessed.

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Some observations on Palu landfill:Some observations on Palu landfill:

1.1. some technical improvement measures were taken (covering)some technical improvement measures were taken (covering)

2.2. part of landfill was not well organizedpart of landfill was not well organized

3.3. neighbouring people are afraid of extension of landfill (leachate)neighbouring people are afraid of extension of landfill (leachate)

4.4. capacity of landfill to receive waste is still large (> 2012); more capacity of landfill to receive waste is still large (> 2012); more waste means more incomewaste means more income

5.5. registration of incoming waste should be improvedregistration of incoming waste should be improved

6.6. biogas is not collected and spilled into atmospherebiogas is not collected and spilled into atmosphere

7.7. Regency and waste managers support improvement programmeRegency and waste managers support improvement programme

1919/21/21

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Recommendations on waste management and biogas collection:Recommendations on waste management and biogas collection:

1.1. Be realistic and do not everything at onceBe realistic and do not everything at once

2.2. ““First things first”First things first”

3.3. Improve overall situation at landfill and make proper planImprove overall situation at landfill and make proper plan

4.4. Start recovering biogas !Start recovering biogas !

5.5. Generate jobs, acquire technological know-how, create better life Generate jobs, acquire technological know-how, create better life for allfor all

6.6. Promote biogas collection projects under CDMPromote biogas collection projects under CDM

2020/21/21

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L eft: uncontrolled dumping of waste; right: organized disposal of L eft: uncontrolled dumping of waste; right: organized disposal of waste and covering of landfill bodywaste and covering of landfill body

2121/21/21