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Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter
Volume 5, Issue 2, August - December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
Proceeding of the 2nd
National Conference on Frontiers in Translational Microbiology – SANMICROFEST 2016
SCOPE OF THE NEWS LETTER
Bhamathi Microbiology News letter strives to provide a forum for scientific researchers to
share findings on all aspects of Microbiology and to disseminate innovative, relevant and useful
information throughout the scientific horizon.
Bhamathi Microbiology News letter comprising research and review articles pertaining to all
branches of Microbiology and its allied disciplines and in general, shall be incorporating the
following fields: Bacteriology, Phycology, Mycology, and Protozoology, Molecular Biology,
Microbial Genetics, Microbial Physiology, Microbial Biochemistry, Microbial Taxonomy, Food
Microbiology, Industrial Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Epidemiology, Public Health,
Diagnostic Microbiology, Microbial Ecology and Environmental Microbiology.
Research papers, reporting work on all microorganisms, including viruses are welcomed
provided they demonstrate new findings of relevance to the field as a whole. The News letter is bi-
yearly publication which provides a platform for research scholars, intellectuals and
microbiologists to express their views and research work for interaction to the entire world. All
articles will be peer-reviewed and will find a place in Bhamathi Microbiology News letter based
on the merit and innovativeness of the research work. We therefore invite you to send your research
papers, reviews and articles for the forthcoming issues.
REVIEW POLICY AND PROCEDURE
Manuscripts are reviewed by expert in the particular research area. Reviewers, Associate
Editors and the Editor evaluate manuscripts for innovations in, significant contributions to,
and noteworthy advances in the theoretical or conceptual bases of the scientific field.
Correspondence and notifications regarding manuscripts will be through e-mail.
All reviewer comments and author revisions are handled electronically.
Copy editing queries and page proofs (or e-galleys) is also provided via e-mail.
Final acceptance of a manuscript is contingent upon compliance with Bhamathi
Microbiology News letter requirements. Manuscripts other than Special Invited Papers are
generally published in the order of receipt of the final, accepted version or of the corrected
proof.
Dr. K.R.Venkatesan Dr. G. Suresh
Patron Editor
EDITORIAL BOARD
Patron : Dr. K.R. Venkatesan, Ph.D.,
Principal, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Editor : Dr. G. Suresh,
Assistant Professor and Head
Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Associate Editors
Mrs. K. Kavitha
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Dr. S. Sivakumar
Associate Professor
Department of Biochemistry
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Dr.S.Kumaran
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Dr. Thiyagarajan Raman
Associate Professor
Department of Bioengineering,
SASTRA University
Thanjavur, India.
Dr.S.Guruprasad
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Dr. V. Shanmugaiah
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbial Technology
School of Biological Science, Madurai
Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
Dr.A.Baskaran
Assistant Professor
Department of Microbiology
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Dr. Mohan Pandi
Assistant Professor
Department of Molecular Microbiology
School of Biotechnology, Madurai
Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
Dr. B. Ramesh
Professor and Head
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India.
Dr.A.Suresh Kumar
Scientist C
Department of Biochemistry
Central Leather Research Insitute
Adyar, Chennai
Dr. N. Rangarajan
Associate Professor and Head,
Department of Biochemistry,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Enathur, Kanchipuram, India
Dr. S. Rajesh Kumar, Senior Lecturer
Department of Agriculture and Forestry,
University of Guyana, Berbice Campus,
Tain, Berbice, Guyana
South America.
2nd
National Conference on
“Frontiers in Translational Microbiology”
SANMICROFEST 2016
27th
-28th
January, 2016
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Patrons Dr.V.B.Kumarakrishnan, Chairman
Dr.V.B.Hrishikesan, Secretary
Convenor Dr.K.R.Venkatesan, M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D.,
Principal
Organizing Secretary
Dr.G.Suresh, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Assistant Professor & Head
Organizing Committee Members Mrs.K.Kavitha, M.Sc., M.Phil., Mr.E.Praveen Kumar, M.Sc.,
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Dr.S.Kumaran, M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D., Dr.S.Guruprasad, M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D.,
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Dr. A.Baskaran, M.Sc., Ph.D., Dr.D.Sudha, M.Sc., Ph.D.,
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Mr.K.Selvendiran, M.Sc.,
Technical Assistant
~~~~~×~~~~~
ARRANGEMENT COMMITTEE
Staff Incharge: Mrs.K.Kavitha
Members:
S. Monash Raj, I M.Sc
A. Nivesh Narayanan, I M.Sc
A. Honest Raj , I M.Sc
U. Prakash, I M.Sc
K. Indhumathi, III B.Sc.
M. Thamayanthi, III B.Sc.
J. Sundharavalli, III B.Sc.
S. Sugan,II B.Sc
R. Iyyappan,II B.Sc
C. Dineshkumar,II B.Sc
T. Baskar,II B.Sc
V. Kamala kannan,II B.Sc
A. Sowndarapandian,II B.Sc
S. Sarath kumar,II B.Sc
D. Vijay,II B.Sc.
P. Shankar,II B.Sc
S. Selvakumar,II B.Sc
S. Karthik,II B.Sc
REGISTRATION AND FOOD
&CATERING COMMITTEE
Staff Incharge: Dr.S.Kumaran
Members:
R. Swathy, III B.Sc
R. Divya, III B.Sc
V. Arthiya ,III B.Sc
P. Pavithra, III B.Sc
K. Prithiya, III B.Sc
S. Pavithra, III B.Sc
M. Jayashri, III B.Sc
K. Tamilarasi, III B.Sc
S. Nathiya, III B.Sc
K. Sudhalakshmi, III B.Sc
K. Vinitha, III B.Sc
J. Suganya, III B.Sc
Y. Asha, III B.Sc
D. Nandhini, III B.Sc
B. Nivedha, II B.Sc
P. Devagi, II B.Sc
D. Bavatharani, II B.Sc
K. Perundevi, II B.Sc
P. Sivaranjani, II B.Sc
G. Logeshwaran, II B.Sc
D. Dhinesh, II B.Sc
K. Thamarai selvan, II B.Sc
A.Vigneshwaran, III B.Sc
M. Vijayakanth, III B.Sc
S. Suresh, III B.Sc
R. Murugan, III B.Sc
H. Inbarasan, III B.Sc
S. Anbu, III B.Sc
R. Venkatesan, III B.Sc
G. Rajasubramaniyam, III B.Sc
S. Arun, III B.Sc
B. Ramadoss, III B.Sc
G. Logeshwaran, II B.Sc
D. Dinesh, II B.Sc
K. Thamarai selvan, II B.Sc
R. Yogaraj, I B.Sc
G. Saravanan, I B.Sc
R. Selva Bharathi, I B.Sc
N. T. Siva Hariprakash, I B.Sc
S. Karthick, I B.Sc
G. M. Saravanan, I B.Sc
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Staff Incharge: Dr.S.Guruprasad
Dr.A.Baskaran
Members: D.Kokila, M.Phil.,
G. Suganya, II M.Sc
R. Indira, II M.Sc
B. Sivasankari, II M.Sc
M. Vijayalakshmi , I M.Sc
B. Pavithra, I M.Sc
M. Divya, I M.Sc
P.Raghu, I M.Sc
D. Ramya, I M.Sc
P. Padmini, I M.Sc
V. Akshya, II B.Sc
J. Shamrunisha, II B.Sc
P. Uma Mageshwari, II B.Sc
K. Apoorva, I B.Sc
K. Logeshwari, I B.Sc
A. Buvaneshwari, I B.Sc
V. Logesh, I B.Sc
R. Thirumoorthi, I B.Sc
M. Thirumalai, I B.Sc
M. Arunachalam, I B.Sc
R. Mullai Kodi, I B.Sc
RECEPTION AND DECORATION
COMMITTEE
Staff In-charge: Dr. D. Sudha
Members:
P.Raghu, II M.Sc
P. Pavithra, II M.Sc
P. Padmini, II M.Sc
S. Pavithra, III B.Sc
M. Sobiya, III B.Sc
R. V. Santhiyaa, III B.Sc
H. Vinodhini, II B.Sc
R. Muthupriya, II B.Sc
S. Surya, II B.Sc
R.Rekha, I B.Sc
M. Meenakshi, I B.Sc
V. Oviya, I B.Sc
R. Thirumoorthi, I B.Sc
G. Saravanan, I B.Sc
R. Selvabharathi, I B.Sc
V. Logesh, I B.Sc
ACCOMMODATION COMMITTEE
Staff Incharge: Mr.E.Praveen Kumar
Members:
G.Dinesh, II B.Sc
S. Sabari, II B.Sc
N. Raghu, I B.Sc
K. V. Sanjay, I B.Sc
FINANCE AND TRANSPORT
COMMITTEE
Staff Incharge: Mr.K.Selvendiran
Members:
U. Yuvaraj, III B.Sc
G. Rajasubramaniyam, III B.Sc
V. Thangamani, III B.Sc
R. Ramlumar, III B.Sc
S. Dinesh, I B.Sc
~~~~~×~~~~~
2nd
National Conference on
“Frontiers in Translational Microbiology”
SANMICROFEST 2016
27th
- 28th
January, 2016
PROGRAMME SCHEDULE
Day 1 – 27th
January, 2016
Inauguration Function
09:00 AM - Registration of Participants
09:30 AM - Arrival of Guests and Delegates
10:00 AM - Invocation & lighting of Kuthuvilaku
10:10 AM - Welcome Address: Dr.K.R.Venkatesan, Principal.
10:20 AM - Honoring the Guests
10:30 AM - Inaugural Address and Release of “Bhamathi” Microbiology News Letter
Dr.M.Elanchezhiyan, Professor
Department of Microbiology
University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai
10:45 AM - Vote of thanks: Dr.G.Suresh, Organizing Secretary
10:50 AM - Tea break
11:00 AM - Plenary Lecture I - Studies on HIV infections and development of novel
anti HIV drug by Dr.M.Elanchezhiyan, Professor Department of
Microbiology, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai.
11:45 AM - Plenary Lecture II – An overview progress and bio control potential
of rice rhizosphere Pseudomonas sp. against sheath blight of rice by
Dr. Shanmugaiah Vellasamy, Department of Microbial Technology,
School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai.
12:30 PM - Plenary Lecture III – Dental Microbiology by Dr.B.Gajapathi, Senior
Lecturer, Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Sri Venkateswara Dental
College & Hospital, Chennai.
01:15 PM - Lunch
02:00 PM - Plenary Lecture IV – Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection and their
virulence in human diseases by Dr.N. Balasubramanian, Department of
Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University
02:45 PM - Plenary Lecture V – Universal Work Precautions by Dr.R.Sekar,
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine,
Govt. Theni Medical College, Theni
03:30 PM - Poster Presentation - Section I
Judge: Dr.T.V.Poonguzhali. Assocoate Professor, Department of Botany,
Queen Mary’s College (Autonomous), Chennai
Dr.S.R.Pugazhvendan, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology,
Annamalai University
Day 2 – 28th
January, 2016
09:30 AM - Arrival of Guests and Delegates
10:00 AM - Welcome Address: Mrs.K.Kavitha, Assistant Professor
10:10 AM - Honoring of Guests
10:15 AM - Plenary Lecture VI – Structural and functional studies on surface proteins
of Gram-positive bacteria by Dr. P.Karthe, Professor and Head, Centre of
Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of
Madras, Chennai
11:00 AM - Plenary Lecture VII – Marine therapeutics: A panacea for a plethora of
pathologies by Dr.S.T.Somasundaram, Associate Professor, CAS in
Marine Science, Annamalai University
11:45 AM - Tea break
12:00 PM - Poster Presentation - Section II
Judge: Dr.P.Anantharaman, Associate Professor
Dr.B.Devasigamani, Assistant Professor
CAS in Marine Science, Annamalai University
01:00 PM - Lunch
Valedictory function
02:00 PM - Welcome Address: Dr.V.B.Hrishikesan, M.B.B.S., M.D., Secretary.
02:10 PM - Valedictory address and Distribution of Prizes
Dr. P.Karthe, Professor and Head, Centre of
Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics,
University of Madras, Chennai
02:30 PM - Vote of Thanks: Dr.G.Suresh, Organizing Secretary
National Anthem
~~~~~×~~~~~
POSTER PRESEANTATION SESSION I
Chairperson: Dr. T.V. Poonguzhali Time:03:30PM Date: 27.01.2016
Dr. S.R. Pugazhvendan Hall: J3 and J4 Class rooms
Poster
No
Name of the Authors Title of the Paper Affiliation address
PP1 M. Kalaiselvam
Biodiversity and Bio-
prospecting of Marine Fungi
CAS in Marine Biology,
Faculty of Marine Sciences,
Annamalai University,
Parangipettai - 608 502.
kalaifms@gmail.com
PP2 Pauldurai Samraj1&2
,
Samraj. A3, Nithya
Karmegham4,
Balasubramaninan
Natesan1, Manoharan,
P.T1*
and Shanmugaiah
Vellasamy3
Detection of 2,4- diacetyl
phloroglucinol gene from
fluorescent pseudomonads and
its Bio - Control potential of
bacterial wilt pathogen
Ralstonia solanacearum
1Department of Botany,
Vivekananda College,
Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of Botany St.
John College, Palayam Kottai,
Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu , 3Department of Microbial
Technology, School of
Biological Sciences, Madurai
Kamaraj University, Madurai -
625 021, Tamil Nadu, India
4Department of Immunology,
School of Biological Sciences,
Madurai Kamaraj University,
Madurai - 625 021.
* pt.manoharan@yahoo.com
PP3 N.Savitha and P.
Indumathi
Optimisation and
characterization of β-
galactosidase using
kluyveromyces lactis isolated
from milksample
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Kanchi Shri
Krishna College of Arts
Science College, Kilambi -
631 551.
PP4 N. PadmaPriya and T.V.
Poonguzhali
Studies on antibacterial
potentials of microalgae
Oscillatoria lutea against
human pathogenic bacteria
PG & Research Department of
Botany, Queen Mary’s
college, Ch - 4. India
Department of Botany,
Queen Mary’s college
Chennai- 600 004.
PP5 P.K.Nagalakshmi,
D.Sindamani and
M.Rathika
Studies on phytase-producing
bacterium, Bacillus subtilis
from various sources
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Kanchi Shri
Krishna College of Arts
Science College, Kilambi -
631 551.
PP6 R.Sumathi, S.Devipriya
and D. Preethi
Antimicrobial activity of
Tabernaemontana divaricata
against ESBL producing
Escherichia coli
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Kanchi Shri
Krishna College of Arts
Science College, Kilambi -
631 551.
PP7 J.Selvanathan* and
G.Learnal sudhakar
Fungal and bacterial
pathogens for biocontrol in
horticultural crops
PG Department of Zoology,
Pachaiyappa’s College for
men, Kanchipuram.631501.
selva.yashik@gmail.com
PP8 T.Srinivasan and
C.Sharmila
Studies on antifungal activity
of Siderophores produced by
Rhizobium spp isolated from
Groundnut (Arachis
hypogaea)
PG & Research,Department of
Microbiology, Kanchi Shri
Krishna College of Arts
Science College, Kilambi -
631 551.
PP9 T. Murugan and
M.Murugan
Isolation of pharmaceutically
important biosurfactant from
halophilic bacterium
Centre for Biological Science,
Noorul Islam Centre for
Higher Education, Kumaracoil
– 629180, Tamil Nadu
PP10 H.Sorna kumari and
K.Ananthi
Isolation of low density
plastic degrading bacteria
from dumping sites of
kanchipuram district
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Kanchi Shri
Krishna College of Arts
Science College, Kilambi -
631 551.
PP11 N.Kalaivani,
R.Dhanalakshmi and
V.Guruchandran
Bioelectricity generation from
microbial fuel cells
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts & Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram
PP12 R.Pooja, S .Kowsalya and
P.Uthra
Biogas production from co-
digestion of Paddy waste an
anaerobic batch reactor
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP13 C.Deepa
A study on antibacterial
activity of hexane extract of
endophytic fungus Aspergillus
sp.ef.6
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu
PP14 M. Nivethika, S. Sujitha
Mary, G. Kavitha and S.
Balamurugan
CRISPR-CAS system:
bacterial adaptive immunity
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP15 S.Radhika, S.Rajalakshmi
and R.Keerthana
Cytotoxicity and
Antimicrobial Activity using
Lactobacillus acidophilus as
Probiotics and Its Using Fish
Feed Preparation
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP16 C. Maheswari, Sonali
Paikaray and Sweta
Kumari
Food adulteration Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP17 S. Vinoth, S. Jeevandham
and S. Ragavan
Geobacter sulfurreducens as
microbial fuel cells
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP18 S. Yasotha, P. Priyanka
and B.Chithra
Green synthesis of silver
nanoparticle using aqueous
extract of adenanthera
pavonina effect on micro
organism and mosquito, aedes
aetypti
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP19 K.Riswanaand S.Gokila
Devi
Lipid profile remodeling in
response to
nitrogendeprivation ad
potassium limitation in the
microalgae Aulacoseira sp.
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP20 N.Sharanya,C.Mounika
sharma,S.Harshini Teja
Antibacterial, antioxidant and
cytotoxicity of Aleovera peel
extract against lung cancer
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP21 S. Valarmathi, D.
Kanimoyzhi, E. Divya and
G. Mythili
Production of bio plastic from
plant –based carbohydrade
source
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP22 V. Gowri, A. Lakshmi
priya, M.priya, S.
Balamurugan and B.
Vikramkrishnan
RNA interference (RNAi) in
crop improvement
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP23 G.Saravanan and
N.Dineshkumar
Cytoprotective and anti-
inflammatory effect of kernel
extract from
Adenantherapovinina on
lipopolysaccharide -stimulated
rat peritoneal macrophages.
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP24 K.H.Pavithra and
R.Srivishnupriya
Cloning of α-amylase coding
gene in Bacillus subtilis and
its expression in E.coli
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
PP25 G. Sandhiya Sri, G. Sasi
Devi, P. Pavithra and M.
Suganthi
Studies on antimicrobial and
anticancer activity of
Solanum trilobatum
Department of Biotechnology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu,
India.
~~~~~×~~~~~
POSTER PRESEANTATION SESSION II
Chairperson: Dr. P. Anantharaman Time: 12:00 PM Date: 28.01.2016
Dr. B. Deivasigamani Hall: J3 and J4 Class rooms
Poster
No
Name of the Authors Title of the Paper Affiliation address
PP26 S. Pavithra, M. Sobiya, Y.
Sarumathi, S. Guru Prasad
& S. Kumaran*
Efficient clean up of textile
dye industrial effluent by
bacterial degradation
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* kumarun23@gmail.com
PP27 J. Shamrunisha, V.
Akshya, P. Uma
Mageshwari, K. Kavitha*
Biopesticides
Department of Microbiology,
Sri Sankara Arts and Science
College, Kanchipuram - 631
561
* kaviswami@gmail.com
PP28 S. Pavithra, J. kalaivani,
M. gomathi, P. Nivetha
and A. Baskaran*.
Outbreak of Swine flu
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Sri Sankara
Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram, India.
* karan.bas85@gmail.com
PP29 H. Vinodini, M. Saranya,
N. Tamizharasi, S. Soorya
and A. Baskaran*
Treatments of Stem Cell
Therapy
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Sri Sankara
Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram, India.
* karan.bas85@gmail.com
PP30 R. Swathy, K. Indumathi,
R. Divya V. Aarthiya and
A. Baskaran*
Quorum sensing - a
prospective study
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Sri Sankara
Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram, India.
* karan.bas85@gmail.com
PP31 Abhirami M, Santhiyaa
R.V, Razeena A,
Priyanka M and S.
Kumaran*
Oil degrading bacteria from
oil-contaminated
soil and activity of their
enzyme
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College,
Kanchipuram - 631 561
* kumarun23@gmail.com
PP32 J.Selvakumar, D.
Dineshkumar, A.
Baskaran & S. Kumaran*
Contemporary state of
pesticide in human and animal
health system and control
measures
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* kumarun23@gmail.com
PP33 Suganya .G, Hemashri. D,
Suganya. J, Sairandhry
.K.M. & Kumaran .S*
Biocompatible of chitosan
nano particle loaded with
acyclovir for anti viral drug
delivery application
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* kumarun23@gmail.com
PP34 G. Dhivya Gandhi,
G. Priya, R. Muthupriya &
S. Guru Prasad *
Pathogen associated molecular
patterns (PAMPS)
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* harinigpra@gmail.com
PP35 R. Murugan, S. Anbu, M.
Vijayakanth & S. Guru
Prasad *
Molecular Mechanism of
Bacterial Meningitis
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* harinigpra@gmail.com
PP36 S.Nivesh narayanan,
S.Monash raj, A.Honest
raj, P.Raghu and
G. Suresh*
Safety assessment of
genetically modified
organisms (GMO) are not
existent
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College,
Kanchipuram - 631 561
*suresh@sankaracollege.edu.in
PP37 U. Prakash, M.
Vijayalakshmi and
S. Guru Prasad*
Pharmacopoeia and
manufacturing practices for
pharmaceutical products
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* harini_gpra@gmail.com
PP38 B. Pavithra, M. Divya,
R.Banumathi , S Manjari
and K. Kavitha*
Dental Biofilms
PG and Research Department
of Microbiology, Sri Sankara
Art’s and Science
College,Kanchipuram –
631561.
* kaviswamy@gmail.com
PP39 Padmini.P, Ramya.D,
Sandhiya.R,
vijayalakshmi.M,
Ezhilarasi.T, Kotteswaran,
K, Praveen Kumar E and
S. Kumaran *
Biodegradation of low density
plastics by microorganisms
PG Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* kumarun23@gmail.com
PP40 D. Malathy , S.
Sabarinathan, V.
thangamani, R.
Ramkumar, U. Yuvaraj,
A. Baskaran &
S. Kumaran*
Biodiesel production and
microbial catalyst for
microalgal biotechnology
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* kumarun23@gmail.com
PP41 D. Bavatharani, K.
Perundevi, P. Sivaranjani
and E. Praveen Kumar*
To create awareness against
farmer suicides
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* epkmicro@gmail.com
PP42 B.Sivasankari and
G.Suresh*
Fabrication of collagen
scaffolds impregnated with
silver nanoparticles
synthesized by Delphinium
denudatum suitable for
unhealing chronic wound
therapy
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
* sureshmicrobes@gmail.com
PP43 R. Thirumoorthi, V.
Logesh and
K. Selvendiran*
Green plastics - An effort to
save our environment
PG & Research Department of
Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts
and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*selvendiraneks@gmail.com
~~~~~×~~~~~
Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter
Vol 5, Issue 2, Page 12-16, December 2015
ISSN: 2231-136X
ABSTRACTS – PLENARY LECTURE
2nd
National Conference on Frontiers in Translational Microbiology
SANMICROFEST 2016
Plenary Lecture I - Studies on HIV infections and development of novel anti
HIV drug.
Manickan Elanchezhiyan
Department of Microbiology, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai-600113.
Abstract
HIV infections are ubiquitous and HIV/AIDS is a complete collapse of immune system. After
the entry the virus finds its way to attach on to CD+ T cells inspite of existing competant immune
system. HIV infection categorically disarm the immune system which include disarmament of cells
of innate immunity and adaptive immunity. There is no drug available so far to completely cure
HIV/AIDS. HAART is the only drug preparation offered currently to HIV victims by clinicians.
HAART efficiently eliminate all the circulating HIV and help the patients to virus free as long as
they take medication. In our study we found that HAART not only eliminate free virus but also
recover the immune system. Perhaps HAART recuperate several arms of immune system.Medicine
from the nature has been found to be successful against several viral diseases. C. sinensis also
popularly known as green tea has been shown to be having several antimicrobial activities. In our
study we found that it has good anti HIV ability.
Plenary Lecture II – An overview progress and bio control potential of rice
rhizosphere Pseudomonas sp. against sheath blight of rice
Vellasamy Shanmugaiah
Department of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University,
Madurai.
Abstract
A total of 671 different isolates of fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from the
rhizosphere soils samples collected from the farmers’ fields in seven southern districts of Tamil
Nadu, India.Among them 87, showed inhibitory activity against Rhizoctonia solani with the zone of
inhibition ranged from 0.5 cm to 2.8 cm. The isolate MML2212 also effectively inhibited the
mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris oryzae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium
oxysporum, Fusarium udum and Macrophomina phaseolina. The isolate MML2212 was identified
as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA sequence analyses.. P.
aeruginosa MML2212 grew well in King’s Bbroth (KBB) and with the log phase until 32 h at pH 7
and 30°C.P. aeruginosa MML2212 significantly increased the seed germination and other growth
parameters in rice and green gram.P. aeruginosa MML2212 produced 37 g/ml of IAA, when
13 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
grown in KBB and the production was enhanced to 48 g/ml by the addition of 0.3% L-tryptophan
at pH 8.0.Talc formulation of P. aeruginosa MML2212 was developed and it can be stored up to 4
months with adequate population.Application of talc formulation of P. aeruginosa MMl2212
induced the defence related enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase, tyrosine ammonia
lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase and also increased the phenol content in greenhouse
grown rice. Further, application of P. aeruginosa MML2212 as seed treatment + root dipping + soil
application + foliar spray significantly reduced the sheath blight (ShB) incidence and enhanced the
yield parameters and grain yield in rice under greenhouse conditions.Similarly the above treatment
significantly reduced the ShB incidence and enhanced the yield parameter and grain yield in rice
under field conditions compared to foliar spray of carbendazim and untreated control.P. aeruginosa
MML2212 produced siderophores and HCN but it did not produce the antifungal metabolites such
as 2,4 diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin and pyrrolnitrin which was confirmed by PCR
amplification with specific primers. The culture filtrate of P. aeruginosa MML2212 inhibited
remarkably the mycelial growth of R. solani and prominent inhibition zone was observed with 32 h
old culture filtrate.The fractionation of the concentrated ethyl acetate extract of 32 h old culture
filtrate of P. aeruginosa MML2212 through 60 - 120 mesh silica gel column yielded a mixture of
partially purified fraction with three distinct compounds. Further, a single compound with the Rf
value of 0.54 (hexane: ethyl acetate at 3:2 ratio used as mobile phase for TLC) was purified and
crystallized.It is yellow crystal and odourless with the melting point between 220o and 222
oC. It is
freely soluble in ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform and dimethyl sulfoxide and also soluble in
water.The pure compound exhibited max at 256 nm and 366 nm and had amide carbonyl and
aromatic stretching frequencies as determined by IR spectral analysis. The mass spectrum revealed
that the molecular weight of the compound may be 223.3. The 1H NMR and C
13 NMR spectral
analyses indicated that the compound is having carbonyl carbon of the amide group and aromatic in
nature.The structural elucidation revealed that the pure compound of P. aeriginosa MML2212 is
phenazine-1-carboxamide with the calculated molecular weight of 223.3 and an empirical formula
of C13H9N3O. This is the first report on the crystal structure of phenazine-1-caboxamide (PCN) and
hence, been deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre and allocated the deposition
number CCDC 617344.The minimum inhibitory concentration of PCN is determined as 5 g/ml
against R. solani. It significantly inhibited the mycelial growth, sclerotial and conidial germination
of all the tested plant pathogens.Application of talc formulation of P. aeruginosa MML2212 as
seed treatment + root dipping + soil application + foliar spray significantly reduced the sheath
blight incidence and enhanced the yield parameters including grain yield in rice compared to foliar
spray of PCN, carbendazim control under greenhouse conditions. However, foliar spray of PCN
was significantly effective than the commercial fungicide, carbendazim in controlling ShB disease
of rice.
Plenary Lecture III – Dental Microbiology
Balaraman Gajapathi
Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Sri Venkateswara Dental College &
Hospital, Chennai.
Abstract
Since the initial observations of oral bacteria within dental plaque by van Leeuwenhoek using
his primitive microscopes in 1680, an event that is generally recognized as the advent of oral
microbiological investigation, dental microbiology has gone through phases of “reductionism” and
14 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
“holism”. From the small beginnings of the Miller and Black period, in which microbiologists
followed Koch’s postulates, took the reductionist approach to try to study the complex oral
microbial community by analyzing individual species; to the modern era when oral researchers
embrace “holism” or “system thinking”, adopt new concepts such as interspecies interaction,
microbial community, biofilms, poly-microbial diseases, oral microbiological knowledge has
burgeoned and our ability to identify the resident organisms in dental plaque and decipher the
interactions between key components has rapidly increased, such knowledge has greatly changed
our view of the oral microbial flora, provided invaluable insight into the etiology of dental and
periodontal diseases, opened the door to new approaches and techniques for developing new
therapeutic and preventive tools for combating oral polymicrobial diseases.
Plenary Lecture IV – Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection and their
virulence in human diseases
Natesan Balasubramanian
Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes (Lancefield group A streptococcus; GAS) is a major human pathogen
that can colonize the throat or skin and are responsible for a wide variety of diseases ranging from
superficial infections to life-threatening diseases. S. pyogenes are responsible for both suppurative
and non-suppurative diseases, e.g. pharyngitis, erysipelas, septicaemia, meningitis, pneumonia and
the notably severe manifestations necrotising fasciitis (NF) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
(STSS). Suppurative infections and also post-infection sequelae, e.g. acute rheumatic fever,
rheumatic heart disease and glomerulonephritis, result in substantial human morbidity. The global
burden of invasive S. pyogenes disease is estimated to be high, with at least 663,000 new cases and
163,000 deaths worldwide each year. The burden of morbidity and mortality associated with
infectious diseases falls most heavily on people in developing countries, and particularly on infants
and children. Pathogenic bacteria have been shown to employ various mechanisms to fine-tune
expression of virulence factors in response to growth conditions and stresses encountered in
different niches and stages of infection. Screening of superantigens and virulence genes expression
among isolates of S. pyogenes of different clinical origins such as asymptomatic oropharyngeal
colonization, skin and soft-tissue infections, tonsillitis and invasive infections isolates were studied.
In this present study, streptococcus infection potential and there virulence factors will be discussed.
Plenary Lecture V – Universal Work Precautions
Ramalingam Sekar
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Govt. Theni Medical College, Theni
Abstract
Universal precautions or Standard precautions refers to the safe or good practices applied
universally, in the branch of medicine to avoid the contact with patients' bodily fluids, by means of
wearing Personal Protective Equipment’s. It may also called "Good Clinical Laboratory Practices"
(GCLP) or "Laboratory Biosafety Precautions". The practice was introduced in 1987 by Center for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in response to the risk of transmission of HIV to health care
workers.
15 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
Among the 35 million health workers worldwide, about 3 million experience percutaneous
exposures to blood borne pathogens each year; two million of those to HBV, 0.9 million to HCV
and 170 000 to HIV. These injuries may result in 15 000 HCV, 70 000 HBV and 1 000 HIV
infections. Further, more than 90% of these infections occur in developing countries.
Occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens may occur because of percutaneous injury
(needle-stick or other sharps injury), mucocutaneous injury (splash of blood or other body fluids
into the eyes, nose or mouth) or blood contact with non-intact skin. The most common form of
occupational exposure to blood, and the most likely to result in infection, is needle-stick injury.
The most common causes of needle-stick injury are two-handed recapping and the unsafe collection
and disposal of sharp waste.
Universal Precautions includes,
Hand washing after any direct contact with patients
Preventing two-handed recapping of needles
Safe collection and disposal of needles (hypodermic and suture) and sharps (scalpel blades,
lancets, razors, scissors), with required puncture- and liquid- proof safety boxes
Wearing gloves for contact with body fluids, non-intact skin and mucous membranes
Wearing a mask, eye protection and a gown (and sometimes a plastic apron) if blood or
other body fluids might splash
Covering all cuts and abrasions with a waterproof dressing
Promptly and carefully cleaning up spills of blood and other body fluids
Using a safe system for health care waste management and disposal
Hepatitis B Immunization and Post Exposure Prophylaxis
Know emergency responses
Plenary Lecture VI – Structural and functional studies on surface proteins of
Gram-positive bacteria
Ponnuraj Karthe
Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Chennai
Abstract Many gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococci, Streptococci, and Enterococci express multiple
surface proteins (adhesins) and these can specifically adhere to host extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins
such as collagen, fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin and vitronectin. Microbial adhesion to host tissue is the
initial critical event in the pathogenesis of most infections.
The bacterial infection can often be treated successfully with antibiotics. Many bacterial species,
however, are developing resistance to multiple types of antibiotics. This makes a search for novel means of
fighting bacterial infections imperative and one such strategy is anti-adhesion therapy.
Although studies on analysizing the interaction between Gram-positive surface adhesins and ECM
proteins were started nearly 25 years ago, the molecular mechanisms underlying their interaction were
unknown. In 2003, two adherence mechanisms known as “dock, lock and latch” and “-zipper” were
discovered which provided the first glimpses of the intimate relationship between the Gram-positive
adhesins and host molecules. In many Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, however, there are number of
ECM binding surface adhesins and secreted proteins that neither follow “dock, lock and latch” mechanism
nor “-zipper” mechanism for binding to their ligands such as fibrinogen, collagen and fibronectin. This
clearly suggests that the adhesins adopt different adherence mechanisms for binding to the same ligand.
Therefore, it is imperative to elucidate all the adherence mechanisms.
My lab is working on the structural and functional studies on adhesins of some Gram-positive bacteria
such as Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The results
from these studies will be presented.
16 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
Plenary Lecture VII – Marine therapeutics: A panacea for a plethora of
pathologies
Somasundaram T Somasundaram
Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Science, Annamalai University, Parangipettai
Oceans cover almost 70% of earth’s surface and harbor more than 3,00,000 species of flora and fauna.
Marine organisms, which thrive in such complex and highly competitive habitats, have evolved to synthesize
unique defence molecules with potent activities. The exceptional chemical diversity offers an unlimited
source of biologically active compounds. Manifold chemical entities like proteins, lipids, polysaccharides,
vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, acid amines, etc., with various biomedical properties have been found to
occur in the marine environment. They have been found to possess several activities like antioxidant,
antiallergic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer, etc. In spite of their vast potential,
marine organisms are the least explored source of pharmaceuticals. However, during the last few decades,
several novel bioactive compounds have been isolated from marine sources like microorganisms, mollusks,
echinoderms, tunicates, algae, corals, sponges and fishes. Currently, there are seven FDA approved marine
derived drugs in the marine pharmaceutical pipeline and more than 25 marine compounds in different phases
of clinical pipeline. Furthermore, several hundreds of marine derived compounds are in preclinical trials.
The potentiality of marine compounds has increased the impetus of ongoing investigations and marine
environment is considered as a huge source of structurally unique biomolecules for the development of
novel pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.
~~~~~×~~~~~
Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter
Vol 5, Issue 2, Page 17-40, December 2015
ISSN: 2231-136X
ABSTRACTS – POSTER PRESEANTATION
2nd
National conference on Frontiers in Translational Microbiology
SANMICROFEST 2016
PP1 - Biodiversity and Bio-prospecting of Marine Fungi
M. Kalaiselvam
CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai - 608
502.
*Corresponding author: kalaifms@gmail.com
Abstract
Marine fungi are a large group of eukaryotic organisms. The marine fungi occur not only in
water and sediment, but also as parasites on plants and animals as well as symbionts in marine
lichens, plants and algae. A rich pool of fungal species is yet to be discovered and investigated over
the coming years. About 150 species are found exclusively on decaying mangrove wood, aerial
roots and seedlings, and are categorised as “Manglicolous fungi”; most of the species belong to the
class of Ascomycetes. The fungi in mangroves play a significant role in litter decomposition and
nutrient cycling, thereby contributing to the fertility of the environment. Fungal endophytes are
microfungi, they colonize the internal tissues of vascular plants without producing any apparent
disease symptoms and considered as an important component of biodiversity. The environmental
and biological factors controlling the distribution of marine fungi, and there comes the availability
of substrates or hosts, salinity, hydrostatic pressure, temperature and availability of oxygen. The
adaptation of marine fungi in the extreme environment and suggest that they are promising sources
for screening natural products. Fungi are not only beautiful but play a significant role in the daily
life of human beings besides their utilization in industry, agriculture, medicine, food industry,
textiles, bioremediation, biodegradation, natural cycle, biofertilizers and in many other ways. With
modern molecular genetic tools, fungi have been used as “cell factories” for heterologous protein
production and human proteins.
Keywords: Marine fungi, diversity, adaptation, environment and bio-prospecting.
PP2 - Detection of 2,4- diacetyl phloroglucinol gene from fluorescent
pseudomonads and its Bio - Control potential of bacterial wilt pathogen
Ralstonia solanacearum Pauldurai Samraj
1&2, Samraj. A
3, Nithya Karmegham
4, Balasubramaninan Natesan
1,
Manoharan, P.T1*
and Shanmugaiah Vellasamy3
1Department of Botany, Vivekananda College, Tiruvedagam west, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
2Department of Botany S. T. John , S College, Palayam Kottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu , India.
3Department of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj
University, Madurai - 625 021, Tamil Nadu, India 4Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai
- 625 021.
Abstract
A total of 87 FPs were isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) rhizosphere and they
have been tested towards Ralstonia solanacearum by dual plate assay method. Off which 30
18 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
FPs showed anatagonistic activity against R. solanacearum with different level of zone of
inhibition (ZOI) 5mm to 28mm compared to control. All 30 anatagonistic FPs were tested towards
fungal phytopathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium
oxysporum and Scleotium rolffsi. All antagonistic FPs were tested for the production of lytic
enzymes such as Chitinase (22), cellulase (28), protease (30), gelatinase (27), amylase (6) and
secondary metabolites such as siderophore (27), hydrogen cyanide (25), phosphate solubilization
(30) and Indole acetic acid (2). Genetic diversity of FPs was assessed by BOX-PCR with specific
primers through which we could find two different group of FPs. Ten FPs were showed the
presence of 629 bp of 2,4- diacetyl phloroglucinol (DAPG) gene which has been demonstrated via
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with gene specific primer B2BF(5’-
ACCCACCGCAGCATCGTTTATGAGC-3’),BPR4(5’CCGGTATGGAAGATGAAAAAGTC-
3’). DAPG production were confirmed through analytic technique thin layer chromatography
(TLC) with Rf value 0.34 compared with that of authentic (DAPG). The crude metabolites showed
significant control against R. solanacearum, phytofungal pathogens and human pathogens
compared to control.
Keywords: Fluorescent pseudomonads, DAPG, PCR and Tomato Bacterial wilt.
PP3 - Optimisation and characterization of β-galactosidase using Kluyveromyces
lactis isolated from milksample
N.Savitha and P. Indumathi
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Kanchi Shri Krishna College of Arts Science
College, Kilambi - 631 551.
Abstract
Enzymes play an important role in all biological activities... Among the enzymes, hydrolyses
are receiving increasing application. Especially β-galactosidase galactohydrolase which catalyses
the hydrolysis of lactose into galactose and glucose. The enzyme beta – galatosidase has two main
biotechnological applications in milk and dairy products. The removal of lactose from milk for
lactose – intolerant people and the production of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are used in
probiotic food.
Lactose utilizing yeasts such as Kluyveromyces marxianus are important sources for the β-
D-galactosidse production hence used for production of lactose hydrolysed milk and other low,
lactose dairy products to meet the dietary requirements of lactose intolerant people. Because this
organism offers the opportunity to examine the molecular details of gene regulation in a eukaryote,
studies are carried out to find the mechanism by which lactose induces 6-galactosidasein K. lactis.
The yeast is identified on the basis of morphological and physiological, biochemical characteristics.
The highest lactose positive activity strains were selected fro production, partial purification and
characterization of beta- galactosidase. The beta- galactosidase activity was assessed using ortho-
Nitro – Phenyl – beta- D- Galactopyranoside (ONPG). The production and optimization of β –
galactosidase enzyme using synthetic medium by Kluyveromyces lactis NRRLY – 8279 in shake
flask cultures was studied. The importance of this enzyme was enhanced by its
galactosyltransferase activity, which is responsible for synthesis of oligosaccharides that act as
prebiotics, with several beneficial effects on consumers.
In the present study, the yeast strains were isolated by using YNB medium. The isolated
strain were stained with Lactophenol cotton blue and sugar assimilation test used in utilizing for
sugar. To study the optimum temperature for enzyme production, modified study was carried out.
It was observed on peak activity for enzyme production and was observed between 40 hours. The
enzyme activity was determined by ONPG, which showed that the enzyme activity was increased
and measured for every 50 minutes. These findings explored that these yeasts strains having high
19 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
β-galactosidase activity as more efficient bioactive agents. The eluted fraction was separated by
SDS-PAGE. Each and every stages of β-galactosidase activity was analyzed by ONPG assay and
the protein were determined by Lowry’s et al., method.
keywords: β-D-galactosidse, Kluyveromyces lactis, ONPG.
PP4 - Studies on antibacterial potentials of microalgae Oscillatoria lutea
against human pathogenic bacteria
N. PadmaPriya and T.V. Poonguzhali
PG & Research Department of Botany, Queen Mary’s college, Ch - 4. India
Abstract
Oscillatoria lutea is a blue green thylakoids coiled usually irregular throughout the cells. In
the present study O. lutea was collected from fresh water lakes in and around Chennai, BG-11
culture media was used for cultivation under suitable lab conditions. Organic solvents used for
extraction was cold ethanol, cold petroleum ether and cold ammonia solution. The present study
aims to test its effectiveness against four strains of bacteria. Two gram (+)ve bacteria namely E.
coli, K. pneumoniae and two gram (-)ve bacteria namely S. aureus, S. pyogenes by well diffusion
method. Results showed the sensitivity in all bacteria. In cold ethanol extract, K. pneumonia and E.
coli showed zone of inhibition with 17 and 20mm. In cold petroleum ether extract K.pneumoniae,
E. coli showed zone of inhibition with rate of 15 and 24mm while in cold ammonia solution extract
S. aureus showed inhibition of 19mm respectively.
Keywords: Blue green, algal extracts, antimicrobial assay, well diffusion.
PP5 -Studies on phytase-producing bacterium, Bacillus subtilis from various
sources P.K.Nagalakshmi, D.Sindamani and M.Rathika
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Kanchi Shri Krishna College of Arts Science
College, Kilambi - 631 551.
Abstract
Phytase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phytic acid. It is a class of phosphatase
enzyme and in use as a major animal feed supplement. In this study the effect of culture conditions
for the maximum production of phytase was assessed from a phytase producing bacteria which is
screened and isolated from rhizosphere soil, cattle shed soil and s poultry faecal soil.It was found
that among 12 isolates, three isolates were able to hydrolyze sodium phytate. Among those three
isolates Bacillus subtilis had very high phytate degrading activity. Batch production studies were
carried out by varying carbon, nitrogen and phosphate sources and varying physical condition of
temperature and pH. Wheat bran, yeast extract, potassium dihydrogen phosphate at pH 6.0 was
identified as the better carbon, nitrogen and phosphate source respectively .The enzyme was stable
with CaCl2 at temperature 40-50ºC and pH 6 -7.The phytase enzyme was partially purified by
ammonium sulphate precipitation at 50% saturation resulting in a yield of 48%.The results show
that the maximum production of phytase is from Bacillus subtilis using Wheat bran, yeast extract,
potassium dihydrogen phosphate as better carbon, nitrogen and phosphate source respectively.
Keywords: Phytase, wheat bran, Bacillus subtilis.
20 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP6 -Antimicrobial activity of Tabernaemontana divaricata against ESBL
producing Escherichia coli
R.Sumathi, S.Devipriya and D. Preethi
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Kanchi Shri Krishna College of Arts Science
College, Kilambi - 631 551.
Abstract
Nature is a place for many plants with different medicinal properties. Plant derived natural products
are generally bioactive secondary with better potential to treat different diseases. Tabernaemontana
divaricata is a medicinal shrub belonging to family Apocynaceae. The present study was mainly
focused on the antibacterial activity of the leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata. Different leaf
extracts (Acetone, Butanol, Chloroform and Ethanol) were tested against the clnical isolate of
ESBL producing Escherichia coli by Agar Well Diffusion Assay. All the extracts showed
reasonable zone of inhibition against the test organism. The zone of inhibition for Acetone extract
is 10 mm, Butanol extract is 12 mm, Chloroform extract is 13 mm and Ethanol extract is 16 mm.
Among the four ethanolic leaf extract was found to be very effective as it shows maximum zone of
inhibition against the ESBL producing Escherichia coli.
Keywords: Tabernaemontana divaricata, Ethanolic leaf extract, ESBL producing Escherichia coli.
PP7 - Fungal and bacterial pathogens for biocontrol in horticultural crops
J. Selvanathan* and G. Learnal sudhakar
PG Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa’s College for men, Kanchipuram.631501.
*Corresponding author: selva.yashik@gmail.com
Abstract
Entomopathogens are one of the regulatory factors of insect population under natural
conditions. The control of insect pest by using entomopathogens unique ,in that naturally
occurring hostpathogenes relations are manipulated to the benefit of man, for protecting crop
and for controlling insect vectors of disease. Microbial control agent are presently sorted as
alternatives to broad –spectrum chemical insecticides taking into account many advantages
they create such reduction of pesticide residues in food and increased biodiversity in managed
ecosystems. Success in identifying microbial agents as components of pest management
strategy of horticultural crops is dependent on many problems necessitating extensive
research. The paper describes in details of the microbial agent utilized as biocontrol
agents(fungi and bacteria) and the procedure involved to identify them as potential components
of insect pest management strategy in horticultural crops.
21 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP8 - Studies on antifungal activity of Siderophores produced by Rhizobium spp
isolated from Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
T. Srinivasan and C. Sharmila
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Kanchi Shri Krishna College of Arts Science
College, Kilambi - 631 551.
Abstract
Iron is an essential to the majority of microorganisms. It is an important growth factor in many
cellular processes and enzymes. Many of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have ability
to produce the siderophores, which helps in both plant growth promotion and disease resistance,
among this the Rhizobium spp have more capable of producing siderophores under iron limiting
conditions. In the present study Rhizobium spp were isolated from root nodules of groundnut and
characterized morphologically, the isolates were grown under iron limiting conditions for the
production of siderophore. The siderophore were extracted, purified and characterized. Siderophore
produced by the isolates are dihydroxymate type and they showed anti fungal activity on charcoal
rot disease caused by Aspergillus spp.
Keywords: Siderophore, Rhizobium, PGPR and Antifungal activity.
PP9 - Isolation of pharmaceutically important biosurfactant from halophilic
bacterium
T. Murugan and M. Murugan
Centre for Biological Science, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil – 629180,
Tamil Nadu
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface active metabolic chemical compounds produced by variety of
microorganisms. Which are amphiphilic in nature, reduce the surface tension in both aqueous and
hydrocarbon mixtures and extensively used for industrial, agricultural, food, cosmetic and
pharmaceutical applications. Among the microbial surfactant, bacterial biosurfactant has more
significance. Biosurfactant producing halophilic bacteria such as Bacillus and Pseudomonas species
were isolated from soil collected from seashore area. The biosurfactant activities of the Bacteria
were confirmed by oil spreading techniques, drop collapse method and haemolytic activity. These
bacteria have capable producing good quantity of biosurfactant in liquid medium supplemented
with hydrocarbon oil as a carbon source.
Keywords: Biosurfactant, pharmaceutical applications, Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
22 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP10 - Isolation of low density plastic degrading bacteria from dumping sites of
kanchipuram district
H. Sorna Kumari and K. Ananthi
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Kanchi Shri Krishna College of Arts Science
College, Kilambi - 631 551.
Abstract
Different soil samples were collected from the garbage dumped regions of Kanchipuram
district. Bacterial enumeration and isolation were performed. General grade polyethylene
employed for commercial grocery carriage purpose was used to investigate its biodegradability
nature. The isolates were individually inoculated in nutrient broth along with 0.2 g of polyethylene.
Controls were maintained. Both the preweight and the dry weight after the treatment with isolates
were calculated. Comparative analysis was done for all the isolates and the best degraded isolate
was identified and the isolate was allowed to develop biofilm. Degrading capacity of polyethylene
by biofilm was determined and further studies have to be done to determine its efficiency.
Keywords: polyethylene, biofilm
PP11 - Bioelectricity generation from microbial fuel cells
N. Kalaivani, R. Dhanalakshmi and V. Guruchandran
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts & Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram
Abstract
The present study establishes the usage of cow dung as the organic fuel and its bacteria as
biocatalyst in the anode chamber along with sewage water as catholyte for the production of
bioelectricity in the fabricated MFCs. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using the
microorganism of mixed bacterial culture for current generation, in a five different industry waste
water effluents in this mixed waste water and sugar molasses waste water under agitated condition
generate more electricity (3V) when compare to others .Cost reduction and increased yield are
central to successful commercial employment of MFC. If power generation in these systems can be
increased, MFC technology may provide a new method to offset wastewater treatment plant
operating cost, making wastewater treatment more affordable for developing and developed
nations. Thus, the combination of wastewater treatment along with electricity production may help
in saving money as a cost of wastewater treatment at present.
Keywords: Bioelectricity, Microbial fuel cell and cow dung
23 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP12 -Biogas production from co-digestion of Paddy waste an anaerobic batch
reactor
R. Pooja, S. Kowsalya and P. Uthra
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract Anaerobic co-digestion of paddy waste with Clostridium cellobioparum and Ruminococcus
albus for biogas production was carried out in the batch scale (500 ml serum bottle) under
anaerobic condition at ambient temperature (at various mixing ratios of substrate). The
experimental data showed a maximum gas output of 1140 ml of gas production at (1:2) ratio of
paddy and cow dung obtained at period of 17 days. The CH4 content was 75%, CO2 content was
16% and CO content was 9%. The biogas production was measured by liquid displacement system
on daily basis. The digested slurry can be used as a fertilizer for agricultural purpose.
Keywords: Biomethanation, Co-digestion, Methane and Paddy waste
PP13 - A study on antibacterial activity of hexane extract of endophytic fungus
Aspergillus sp.ef.6
C. Deepa
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
Endophytic fungi were isolated from three sites of palar basins. The collection of plant samples
were based on green cover density, accessibility and diversity of plants. Totally 72 plants were
collected were arbitrarily named as PS1-PS72 and were identified using taxonomically and total 26
plant samples were identified. 30 endophytic fungi were isolated EF!-EF30. Endophytes were
grown in PDA media and the metabolites were extracts using ethyl acetate and Antibacterial
activity were carried out against gram positive Bacillus sp., gram negative E.coli., Pseudomonas,
Klebsiella, Vibrio. The EF6 was showed best activity and identified as Aspergillus sp. The hexane
extract of Aspergillus sp. showed of antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative.
The hexane extract was multi wavelength scanning (190-900mm) by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
maximum was seen at 211nm. The extract was analyzed using HPLC showed 2 different
compounds.
Keywords: Antimicrobial Endophytic fungi, Ethyl acetate and HPLC
24 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP14-CRISPR-Cas system: bacterial adaptive immunity
M. Nivethika, S. Sujitha Mary, G. Kavitha and S. Balamurugan
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
CRISPR – Cas system (Cluster Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats- CRISPR-
Associated protein) adaptive immunity in prokaryotes provides protection against invading Mobile
Genetic Elements (MGEs) by integrating the invader-derived sequence in the CRISPR –Cas system
is the defense against a MGEs by the regulation of endogenous gene expression that control group
behavior and virulence, DNA repair, and genome evolution. The major mechanistic difference
between the variants of the system by the general mode of action of all three types of CRISPR-Cas
system involves three distinct stages- adaptation, expression and interference. They are classified
into three main CRISPR-Cas types and eleven substage. The recent studies that have provided
insights from potential implication when compared with evolutionary perspectives. Understanding
the role of CRISPR-Cas in these processes will improve our understanding of the evolution and
maintenance of CRISPR–Cas system in prokaryotic genomes.
Keywords: CRISPR- Cas, Bacterial immunity, Mobile genetic elements and Transposons.
PP15 - Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity using lactobacillus acidophilus as
probiotics and its using fish feed preparation
S. Radhika, S. Rajalakshmi and R. Keerthana
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
The beneficial micro flora found in gastrointestinal tract was termed probiotics. Probiotics
literally meaning “for life”, are microorganism proven to exert health-promoting influences in
human and animals. Most probiotics are bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, L.
lactis, L. plantarum are commonly used single bacterial strain or it may be consortium. Probiotics
can be in powder form, liquid form, gel, paste, granules or available in the form of capsules,
sachets, etc. In this present study documents the Lactobacillus acidophilus antibacterial activities
and MTT assay against cancer cell line and also fish feed preparation with L. acidophilus to
measure weight and length of fish in different concentration. Antioxidant activity was found to
maximum against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fish feed with Lactobacillus acidophilus showed
more resistant to the pathogens.
Keywords: Cancer cell line, fish, L. acidophilus, pathogenic organism and MTT assay
25 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP16 - Food adulteration
C. Maheswari, Sonali Paikaray and Sweta Kumari
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract In a country where official systems set for food safety and prevention are constantly outdone by
a booming adulteration business, the onus of safeguarding one's family against contaminated food,
unfortunately falls on citizens themselves. From loose packed ground spices, to wet products such
as milk, khoya, paneer, to dry spices and grains, almost everything you can buy has a potential of
being adulterated, if purchased from an unauthorized vendor in a box unmarked and tested by either
Agmark or ISI /fssai. While some of these could be less harmful, such as water or bran, chemicals
and coloring agents such as Metanil Yellow, Lead Chromate, Sudan Red III, are known to be
carcinogenic. An adulterant is a chemical substance which should not be contained within other
substances (e.g. food, beverages, and fuels) for legal or other reasons. The addition of adulterants is
called adulteration. Food is adulterated to increase the quantity and make more profit. Example-
Vanaspati is used as an adulterant for ghee, Chalk-powder is used as an adulterant for flour, Papaya
seeds is used as an adulterant for pepper, Brick-powder is used as an adulterant for chilly-powder,
wood powder is adulterated for turmeric and dhaniya powder. Hence, there is need to provide
awareness about these unhealthy practices for better and healthier life. And provide some quick
tricks to detect these adulterated food products which we use in our daily lives without thinking
about adulterations.
Keywords: Food adulteration, Agmark or ISI and FSSAI.
PP17 - Geobacter sulfurreducens as microbial fuel cells
S. Vinoth, S. Jeevandham and S. Ragavan
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
Recently, great attentions have been paid to microbial fuel cells (MFCs) due to their mild
operating conditions and using variety of biodegradable substrates as fuel. Microorganisms actively
catabolize substrate, and bioelectricities are generated. MFCs could be utilized as power generator
in small devices such as biosensor. Anode, cathode and membrane have been reviewed and to
overcome the practical challenges in this field some practical options have been suggested.
Members of the Geobacteraceae can use electrodes as electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration
and harnesses the power of respiring microbes to convert organic substrates directly into electrical
energy. Studies have suggested that members of the Geobacteraceae can use electrodes as electron
acceptors for anaerobic respiration. One of the most studied bioenergy applications of Geobacter
species is their ability to oxidize organic compounds with electron transfer to electrodes.
Geobacter species were the first microorganisms found to derive energy to support growth from
organic matter oxidation with an electrode serving as the sole electron acceptor and can produce the
highest current densities of any pure culture. Geobacter species are often the microorganisms most
highly enriched on electrodes harvesting electricity from a diversity of environments. Geobacter
sulfurreducens has become the organism of choice for studying the mechanisms for direct electron
26 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
transfer from microbial biofilms to electrodes. Recent studies have demonstrated that it produces
highly conductive biofilms that promote electron transfer to the electrode and releases the c-type
cytochrome, OmcZ, which accumulates at the biofilm-electrode interface to promote electron
transfer to the electrode. Some Geobacter species are capable of electro-synthesis, using electrons
derived from electrodes to reduce carbon dioxide to fuels or other useful organic compounds.
Keywords: Microbial fuel cell, Biosensor, Biocatalyst, Anaerobic anode, Bioelectricity
PP18 - Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle using aqueous extract of
Adenanthera pavonina effect on micro organism and mosquito, Aedes aetypti
S. Yasotha, P. Priyanka and B. Chithra
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing technology, which has a potential medical applications on
pharmaceuticals and medicine. It concern with the development of experimental process for the
synthesis of nanoparticles of different sizes, shapes and controlled disparity. It involves various
physical and chemical methods for nanoparticle synthesis. But the main problem with these
methods is the production of toxic byproducts, shows that are not environmentally safe. Thus there
is a growing need for “green chemistry” that includes a clean, nontoxic and environmentally
friendly methods of nanoparticles synthesis. Silver nanoparticles play a significant role in the field
of biology and medicine. There is a growing need to develop clean nontoxic and environmentally
friendly materials. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using plants, bacteria, fungi and yeast are
known to reduce silver ions into silver nanoparticles by both extra and intra cellular processes.
Plant extracts are suitably scaled up for large scale biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles in a
controlled manner according to their size, shape and sensitivity. Vector mosquitoes are capable of
transmitting potential pathogens to human beings and they are responsible for several infectious
diseases like malaria, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya.
Rapid increase in human population, allocation of limited funds for mosquito control program and
lack of awareness among people together with environmental change and adaptability of vector
mosquitoes resulted in mosquito-transmitted diseases. Thus the effort toward mosquito control
continues to be an important strategy in preventing the mosquito-borne diseases.
For the first time green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of A.pavonina
was attempted .The physical property of synthesis nanoparticles was characterized using relevant
techniques. Further we demonstrated the possible application of this green synthesized silver
nanoparticle in medical filed as It shows antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria as
well as its anti-mosquito activity against dengue vector A.aegypti. The data of represented in our
study contributes to a novel and unexplored area of nano-materials as an alternative medicine for
future.
Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Adenanthera pavonina and Aedes aegypti
27 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP19 - Lipid profile remodeling in response to nitrogendeprivation ad
potassium limitation in the microalgae Aulacoseira sp.
K. Riswanaand S. Gokila Devi
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract Many species of microalgae produce triacylglycerides (TAGs), the key product for biodiesel
production, in response to specific environmental stresses TAG production was improved by
microalgae. Some studies showed micro algal lipid metabolism in relation to stress response in
particular the deprivation of nutrients that can induce enhanced TAG synthesis. In this study, a
detailed investigation of changes in lipid composition in Aulacoseiraspin response to nitrogen
deprivation (N-deprivation) and Potassium was performed to provide novel mechanistic insights
into the lipid accumulation during stress. The result showed increase in TAGs in polar lipids was
observed in N depravation, whereas potassium showed less lipid accumulation. The LC/MS
analysis showed the Fatty acid profiles showed N-deprivation largely modified. This study provides
the most detailed information on Aulacoseira sp. microalgae lipid production in stress.
Keywords: Aulacoseirasp, N-deprivation, Lipid Production and LC/MS
PP20 - Antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity of Aloe vera peel extract
against lung cancer
N. Sharanya, C. Mounika sharma, S. Harshini Teja
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract Lung cancer, most common type of human cancer occurs worldwide, with highest rates in
Europe & North America. Despite rapid advances in diagnostic & operative techniques, lung cancer
remains one of the most difficult human malignancies to treat. Recently multiple new
chemotherapeutic agents have been developed & some are in clinical trials. In this present study
shows the effects phytochemical (flavonoids) of aloe vera peel. Aqueous and methanol extracts
were tested for antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity assay against lung cancer
cell line-A549#12. Aqueous extract shows maximum zone of inhibition of the aqueous extract.
Where cytotoxicity activity against cancer shows the 75% of aqueous extract inhibit more cells.
The extracts were characterized using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Keywords: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Cancer cell line-A549#12, MTT assay, Pathogenic
organisms
28 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP21 - Production of bio plastic from plant-based carbohydrate source
S. Valarmathi, D. Kanimoyzhi, E. Divya and G. Mythili
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract Bioplastics are a form of plastic derived from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable oil,
fats, corn starch, pea starch are microbiota. Bioplastic, which are designed to biodegrade can break
down in either anaerobic or aerobic environments. There variety of bio plastics being made, they
can be composed of starches, cellulose are bio polymers. Starch is an inexpensive, annually
renewable material derived from corn and other crops. Starch based coordination polymers are
known to be completely degradable in soil and water and can promote the degradation of non-bio
degradable material when blended or modified. Starch is the promising raw material because of its
annual availability from many plants. Because of the environmental pollution problem caused by
using synthetic polymers based on petro chemicals, the development of environment friendly
polymeric material has attracted excessive interest. The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates
(PHAs) which is a bio degradable plastics produced by some bacteria such as Alcaligenes lactus ,
Ralstonia eutropha and some of the recombinant E.coli. Bio plastic pose several advantages over
traditional petroleum-based plastics such as decreasing producing of Co2, green house gas as well
as reducing costs and dependence on imported petroleum. Bio polymer films were prepared from
all the starch using plasticizers. Glycerol is used as plasticizers. Hence, this conclusively
demonstrates that the starch can be the promising source of bio plastics in future. Some species of
bacteria also involved in the production of bioplastics.
Keywords: Bioplastics, polyhydroxyalkanoates, Alcaligenes lactus, Ralstonia eutropha
PP22 - RNA interference (RNAi) in crop improvement
V. Gowri, A. Lakshmi priya, M.priya, S. Balamurugan and B. Vikramkrishnan
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
The phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) is involved in sequence-specific gene regulation
driven by the introduction of dsRNA resulting in inhibition of transcriptional repression. Since the
discovery of RNAi and its regulatory potentials, it has become evident that RNAi has immense
potential in opening a new vista for crop improvement has emerged. RNAi technology is precise,
efficient, and stable. It is better than antisense technology. It has been employed successfully to
alter the gene expression in plants for better quality traits. The impact of RNAi to improve the crop
plants has proved to be a novel approach in combating the biotic and abiotic stresses and the
nutritional improvement in terms of bio-fortification and bio-elimination. It has been employed
successfully to bring about modifications of several desired traits in different plants. These modifi-
cations include nutritional improvements, reduced content of food allergens and toxic compounds,
enhanced defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, alteration in morphology, crafting male
sterility, enhanced secondary metabolite synthesis and seedless plant varieties.. This work is an
attempt to review the RNAi, its biochemistry, and the achievements attributed to the application of
RNAi in crop improvement.
Keywords: RNAi, Crop improvement and Transcriptional inhibitor.
29 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP23 - Cytoprotective and anti- inflammatory effect of kernel extract from
Adenanthera apovinina on lipopolysaccharide stimulated rat peritoneal
macrophages.
G. Saravanan and N. Dineshkumar
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
This study is to investigate mechanism of anti- inflammatory activity of Adenanthera apovinina
extract against Rat peritoneal macrophage were treated with different concentration of
lipopolysaccharide and H2O2 in the presence and absence of kernel extract from Adenanthera
apovinina. Nitric oxide, superoxide anion generation, cell viability and nuclear fragmentation were
investigated. The pre-treatment of kernel extract from Adenanthera apovinina suppressed nitric
oxide, superoxide anion, cell death, nuclear fragmentation in lipopolysaccharide and H2O2
stimulated or induced macrophages respectively. This result concluded that Adenanthera apovinina
extract suppresses the intracellular peroxide production.
Keywords: Cytoprotective effect, cytotoxicity, macrophage, inflammation, nitric oxide.
PP24 - Cloning of α-amylase coding gene in Bacillus subtilis and its expression in
E.coli
K.H. Pavithra and R. Srivishnupriya
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
Microorganisms have become increasingly important as producer of industrial enzymes. Due to
their biochemical diversity and the ease with which enzyme concentrations may be increased by
environmental and genetic manipulation, attempts are now being made to replace enzymes, which
traditionally have been isolated from complex eukaryotes. Starch degrading amylolytic enzymes
are most important in the biotechnology industries with huge application in food, fermentation,
textile and paper, Amylases can be obtained from several sources such as plant, animal and
microbes. Among the starch-hydrolyzing enzymes that are produced on an industrial scale,
thermostable α- amylases are of considerable commercial interest. Bacteria belonging to the genus
Bacillus have been widely used for the commercial production of thermostable α- amylases due to
their potential biotechnological uses in the food, pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.
These include α- amylase Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus caldolyticus,
and Bacillus brevis. Cloning of genes has been done extensively for the molecular study of
proteins, their hyperproduction and protein engineering. Cloning of α-amylases has been done for
studying their sequence, characteristics, hyperproduction and expression and for enzyme
engineering, a-Amylase genes from different fungal and bacterial sources have been cloned in
appropriate host organisms using suitable vectors.
This study focused to amplify amylase coding gene in Bacillus subtilis isolated from sago waste
soil sample and to clone the gene in Escherichia coli. The dougements are Characterization of
microorganisms by morphological and biochemical methods and Isolation of genomic DNA from
the characterized strain, Conformation of isolated genetic materials by agarose gel electrophoresis,
Amplification of DNA using specific primers, Conformation of amplification by agarose gel
30 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
electrophoresis, To elute specific DNA fragment which contains the target gene, Transformation of
recombinant vector to the host cell, Conformation of expression in enrichment media, To conform
the production of enzyme by quantitative analysis and Characterization of recombinant enzyme by
SDS-PAGE.
Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, E.coli, Agarose gel electrophoresis-Amylase gene, PCR, SDS-PAGE.
PP25 - Studies on antimicrobial and anticancer activity of
Solanum trilobatum
G. Sandhiya Sri, G. Sasi Devi, P. Pavithra and M. Suganthi
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the best source to obtain a variety of newer herbal drugs. The Solanum
trilobatum commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antipyretic effects and treatment
of inflammation, edema, martitis, cirrholis, of liver in oriental medicine. It contains many fatty
acids, steroidal alkaloids, polyphenols. The primary objective of the present study is determination
of the antimicrobial and anticancer potential of Solanum trilobatum from ethanolic extract.
Antimicrobial activity was maximum against E.coli(12mm), Staphylococcus aureus(8mm), Fungi-
Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of
Solanum trilobatum by silica gel thin layer chromatography showed presence of simple phenol,
phenolic acids and lignins. Alkaloids such as solamargine, solasonine, solanine and Saponins were
found.Alkaloid isolated from the leaves of Solanum trilobatum has significant antibacterial activity.
The MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) of extracts against test organism range between 1
and 4 mg/ml, while the MBC (Minimum Bacterial Concentration) ranged between 1.5 and 4.5
mg/ml.
Keywords: Anti-pyretic effect, Alkaloids, Antimicrobial activity and Anticancer activity.
PP26 - Efficient clean up of textile dye industrial effluent by bacterial
degradation
S. Pavithra, M. Sobiya, Y. Sarumathi, S. Guru Prasad & S. Kumaran*
Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: kumarun23@gmail.com
Abstract
To evaluate the biodegrading property against carcinogenic textiles azo dyes using bacterial
isolates of dye contaminated area. The samples were collected from dye contaminated area of
Kanchipuram textile industry. The bacterial isolates were subjected to submerged fermentation.
Based on the degradation rate, the potential strain was characterized using 16S rDNA sequencing.
Based on degradation potential activity shows, The Bacillus sp can degrade the textile carcinogenic
dyes in industry effluent system. In future, It will be advised to use cheap and helpful for treatment
of dye contamination and its control the environmental pollution.
Keywords: dye, degradation, Bacillus sp.
31 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP27 - Biopesticides
J. Shamrunisha, V. Akshya, P. Uma Mageshwari, K. Kavitha
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram - 631 561
*Corresponding author: kaviswami@gmail.com
Abstract
Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as plants,
animals, bacteria and certain minerals. For Example, canola oil & baking soda have pesticidal
applications & are considered biopesticides.Biological pesticides, or “ Biopesticides” as the name
suggests, are naturally occurring substances that biologically control harmful pests, especially
among field crops. These are naturally produced bio chemical materials basically non-toxic to the
environment that can be employed in pest control. Biopesticides could mean living organisms
(Bacteria, Virus, & Algae), their products (Bio – chemical produced by them) and also plants by
products. Biopesticides offer on ecologically effective solution to the harmful effects of synthetic
pesticides. Advantages of biopesticides are eco friendly, affect only target pest groups,
biodegradable & minimal quantity is enough unlike biopesticides, chemical pesticides are not target
specific apart from killing the harmful pest they also end up destroying plant friendly organisms
such as earth warm, nitrogen fixing bacteria and algae that help plants to suck nutrients from soil,
water and air. Although they help the farmers with increased output they also result in polluting the
environment however, biopesticides are harmless, target specific & biodegradable. Examples for
Biopesticides like Bacillus thuringiensis, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma species Cydia pomonella
Granulovirus.
Keywords: Biopesticides, Non toxic, Pest control, Biodegradable, Nitrogen fixing micro
organisms, Bacillus thurigiensis, Trichoderma species.
PP28 - Outbreak of Swine flu
S. Pavithra, J. Kalaivani, M. Gomathi, P. Nivetha and A. Baskaran*.
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram, India.
*Corresponding author: karan.bas85@gmail.com
Abstract
Globally, India was one among the most affected countries for causes and deaths of
swine flu influenza a H1N1. During 2009 influenza pandemic with lot of public hype and
panic. In the present study, we evaluated general awareness and altitude towards swine flu
amongst the public . Flu viruses mainly infect humans, birds and pigs. Illness have been
associated with fever , coughing and sneezing .The current ongoing episodes of bird flu and
swine flu are beyond the control. This continuous evolution and re-emergence of new
strains indicate that the flu viruses are becoming more and more dangerous and this
situation have posed a challenge to researchers to discover effective vaccines and
therapeutics . H1N1 reasserted subtype caused the first global pandemic in last 40 years,
resulting in substantial illness, hospitalizations of millions of people and thousands of deaths
throughout the world. According to the UNION HEALTH MINISTRY FIGURES, the total
number of deaths due to the disease has now reached 812, while 13,688 people have
32 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
been affected with the H1N1 viruses across the country. Health Ministry Officials reported
that the number of people affected by swine flu was 12,963 while the number of deaths
caused by the infection was 774. In India during march , major outbreak was found in Delhi
(12 death ) followed by Tamil Nadu (14 deaths) and Andhra Pradesh (22 deaths). More growing
evidences and episodes of swine flu not only indicate strain variation but also vary in their
genotype and serotypes. Continuous changing trends in flu viruses may provide the basis strategies
for the control of upcoming outbreaks.
Keywords: swine flu, A H1N1, avian flu, mixing bowl, pandemic.
PP29 - Treatments of Stem Cell Therapy
H. Vinodini, M. Saranya, N. Tamizharasi, S. Soorya and A. Baskaran*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram, India.
*Corresponding author: karan.bas85@gmail.com
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are prototypical adult stem cells with cells with the capacity
for self renewal and differentiation with a broad range of tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells not
only differentiate into any types of cells of mesodermal lineages but also into endodermal
and ectodermal lineages such as bone, fat, cartilage and cardinomycetes, endothelial cells, lung
epithelial cells, hepatocytes, neurons and pancreatic islets. Mesenchymal stem cells have been
identified as an adherent, fibroblast like population and can be isolated from different adult
tissues, including bone marrow, umbilical cord, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.
Mesenchymal stem cells secrete factors including IL-10 (interleukin -10), M-CSF (macrophage
colony stimulating factor ), IL-10 (interleukin-10), HGF (hepatocyte) and PGE-2 (prostaglandin of
E-series) that promote tissue repair, stimulate and differentiation of endogenous tissue
progenitors, and decrease inflammatory and immune reactions. HESCs (Human embryonic
stem cells) as an alternative to cadaveric islets for testing patients with diabetes and also for
autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Nowdays, stem cell therapy represents the great promise
for the future of molecular medicines. Among the stem cell (Mesenchymal stem cells) show
probably test potential good results in medicinal research . Due to the particular immune and
neural deregulation observed in ASDs, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation could offer a
unique tool to provide better resolution for wide range of disease.
Keywords: HESC, molecular medicine, pathogenesis.
PP30 - Quorum sensing - a prospective study
R. Swathy, K. Indumathi, R. Divya V. Aarthiya and A. Baskaran*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram, India.
*Corresponding author: karan.bas85@gmail.com
Abstract
Quorum sensing is cell-cell communication that allows bacteria to share information about
cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. This enables bacteria to express energetically
33 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
expensive process as a collective only when the impact of those processes on the environment on a
host will be maximized. Among the many traits controlled by Quorum sensing, expression of
virulence factor by pathogenic bacteria. Most gram positive and gram negative bacteria use
different types of Qs system. Gram positive used peptides called autoinducing peptides (AIPs), as
signalling molecules. Once produced in the cell, AIPs are processed and secreted. When the
extracellular concentration of AIP is high, which occurs at HCD, it binds to a cognate membrane
bound two component histidine kinase receptor’s. Gram negative bacteria can communicate using
small molecules as AIP. These are either acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) or other molecules
whose production depends on S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a substrate.
Meanwhile few gram negative organisms follow LUXI/LUXR Quorum Sensing circuit and it is
quite interesting to know how Pseudomonas aeruginosa exploit two such circuit arranged in
tandem to control virulence factors production & biofilm formation. S. aureus is found among the
normal skin flora. If the epithelial barrier is compromised S. aureus can cause minor skin infection.
These infection can lead to pneumonia, bacteremia and sepsis. S. aureus uses a canonical Gram
positive two component Quorum Sensing system encoded by the agrlocus. Similarly from
bioluminescent marine symbiotic bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Thus, Quorum Sensing mediated
therapeutics that interferes with small molecule controlled pathway could have longer functional
shelf lives than second & third generation antibiotics.
Keywords: QS, AIPs, SAM, LUXI/LUXR.
PP31- Oil degrading bacteria from oil-contaminated soil and activity of their
enzyme
M. Abhirami , R.V. Santhiyaa, A. Razeena , M. Priyanka and S. Kumaran*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College,
Kanchipuram - 631 561
*Corresponding author: kumarun23@gmail.com
Abstract
Petroleum refineries around the world have generated the solid wastes during the refining
process and stocking of Crude oil. Crude oil is mainly composed of alkanes, cycloalkanes and
aromatic alkanes, which constitute about 50% to 80% of the oil content.
It is well known that a lot of soil bacteria and fungi can utilize petroleum hydrocarbons as a
carbon source. At the same time, some aboriginal microbes have gradually adapted to the long-term
oil contaminated soil and developed a superior community which can make use of oil contaminants
through special substrate enrichment. Therefore, bioremediation of oil contaminated soil has broad
prospects because of its low cost, no secondary pollution and has been carried out widely
throughout the world and reported a reference and guidance for development and practical
application of bioremediation technology.
The technology commonly used for the soil remediation includes mechanical, burying,
evaporation, dispersion and washing.
In this experiment, petroleum-contaminated soil samples were collected from Navy office, in
Arakkonam around oil wells. The optimum growth condition, Crude oil biodegradation and
degradation related enzymes of these strains were also investigated. The purpose was to select and
provide new strains with fast growth and high degradation ability for bioremediation of the
contaminated soil.
Keywords: Crude oil, Oil contaminated soil, remediation, degradation.
34 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP32 - Contemporary State of Pesticide In Human and Animal Health System
And Control Measures
J. Selvakumar, D. Dineshkumar, A. Baskaran and S. Kumaran*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: kumarun23@gmail.com
Abstract
The term pesticide is often used to refer to substances that are insecticides, herbicides and
fungicides. These are designed to kill weeds, insects, rodents, fungus and mould. As they are
harmful to plant and animal life, they are also harmful to humans and especially developing
children. Pesticides are credited as part of the “green revolution” which raised agricultural
productivity and yields. Farmers and their families and other persons who use chemicals pesticides
regularly are at greatest risk for achieving toxic levels in their bodies. The pesticide can affecting
completes all the living systems. In this connection, the bio pesticide showing promising activity of
pest control in agricultural sectors.
Keywords: pesticide, human health, agriculture
PP33 - Biocompatible of chitosan nano particle loaded with acyclovir for anti
viral drug delivery application
G. Suganya, D. Hemashri, J. Suganya, K.M. Sairandhry and S. Kumaran*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: kumarun23@gmail.com
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin. After cellulose chitin is
the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature. It is biologically safe, non-toxic, biocompatible
and biodegradable polysaccharide. Chitosan nanoparticles have gained more attention as drug
delivery carriers because of their better stability, low toxicity, simple and mild preparation method
and providing versatile routes of administration. The emerging and emerged viral diseases like
Dengue, Herpes, Hepatitis-B etc. Improve the drug compatibility for efficient activity against viral
diseases. So in this present work, the chitosan nano particles were loaded with antiviral drug such
as Acyclovir. The prepared formulation was characterized for loading efficiency, encapsulation
efficiency and drug compatibility by UV spectrophotometer. The results show enhanced drug
efficiency and drug release in future the chitosan loaded with antiviral drug can play a vital role in
viral diseases and it could be controlled marine pollution from polymeric chitin shell. Keywords: chitosan, nano particle, antivirus
35 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP34 - Pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPS)
G. Dhivya Gandhi G. Priya, R. Muthupriya and S. Guru Prasad *
PG and Research Department of Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: harinigpra@gmail.com
Abstract An increasing number of studies show that the activation of the innate immune system and
inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. The
dominant conceptual framework for understanding innate immunity has been that host cells
respond to evolutionarily conserved molecular features of pathogens called pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs). The innate immune system is present in almost all multicellular
organisms and its activation occurs in response to pathogens or tissue injury via pattern-recognition
receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-
associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Intracellular pathways, linking immune and inflammatory
response to ion channel expression and function, have been recently reported. In this review, we
report that the idea of immune system responding to PAMPs in the context of additional signals
that derive from common ‘‘patterns of pathogenesis’’ employed by pathogens to infect, multiply
within, and spread among their hosts. Also, that PAMPs should be understood in the context of
how they are naturally presented by pathogens.
Keywords: Innate immune, PAMPS, PRRs, DAMPS
PP35 - Molecular mechanism of Bacterial meningitis
R. Murugan, S. Anbu, M. Vijayakanth & S. Guru Prasad *
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: harinigpra@gmail.com
Abstract A number of pathogenic microbes including neuro-invasive viruses, bacteria and parasites
are capable of entry into the central nervous system (CNS) and cause a variety of clinical
manifestations. The cellular and molecular mechanisms for the CNS invasion have been
extensively studied in the last three decades. Viruses invade neurons and thereby cause encephalitis
or peripheral neuritis, while bacteria enter the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cause meningitis.
Bacterial meningitis is an important cause of mortality and morbidity despite advances in
antimicrobial therapy. A key factor that contributes to the high prevalence of this condition is the
incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis. Most cases of bacterial meningitis develop as a result
of haematogenous spread, but it is unclear how circulating bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier,
and how bacterial entry into the central nervous system results in inflammation and in
complications such as pleocytosis, blood–brain barrier disruption and neuronal injury. Recent
studies have shed light on the pathogenic mechanisms of bacterial translocation across the blood–
brain barrier and the meningitis-associated complications. It is proposed that bacterial translocation,
a key step for the development of meningitis is the result of specific bacteria–host interactions, and
that its complications are the result of multiple host responses to the invading microorganism.
Keywords: Nervous system, meningitis, pathogenesis, signaling
36 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP36 - Safety assessment of genetically modified organisms (GMO) are not
existent S. Nivesh narayanan, S. Monash raj, A. Honest raj, P. Raghu and G. Suresh*
Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Kanchipuram - 631 561
*Corresponding author: suresh@sankaracollege.edu.in
Abstract
The production of foods with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has risen rapidly
over the past three decades to comprise nearly 90% of crops grown in the United States today.
Currently, there are no mandates for labeling foods containing GMOs. GMO agricultural crops
contain the insertion of genes encoding for pesticides, pesticide resistance, growth factors, or other
substances not normally present. In addition to the foreign genes that are inserted, hundreds to
thousands of mutations disrupt normal genes in GMO plants. Recently, animal studies have
demonstrated toxicity of GMO foods causing organ failure, infertility, carcinomas and death. The
FDA requirement of ingredients added to foods be labeled on the product is not applied to GMO
foods, precluding the consumer’s right to know. GMOs provide an economic incentive to
companies because the seeds can be patented, driving up costs and creating the potential for
monopolies. Herbicide-resistance conferred by GMOs has resulted in higher pesticide applications,
which correlate with higher human cancer rates, and the emergence of pesticide-resistant weeds and
insects. GMO toxins are spreading into to non-target insects, waterways and aquatic organisms,
with toxicity to non-target organisms and resultant contamination of disparate ecosystems in the
food chain. The appropriateness of mandatory GMO labeling of foods in the United States is
discussed.
Keywords: GMO, Agriculture, Pesticides, Crops, Food, Labeling, Transgene.
PP37 - Pharmacopoeia and manufacturing practices for pharmaceutical
products U. Prakash, M. Vijayalakshmi and S. Guru Prasad*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: harini_gpra@gmail.com
Abstract
Pharmaceutical microbiology is a sub-branch of industrial microbiology that deals with
production of medicines free from undesirable microorganisms. The premise of a pharmaceutical
company should be in remote areas where all the facilities must be available such as proper
electricity, discharge facilities, separate departments, well equipped laboratories and trained
personnel. Such facilities must also be available where industrial wastes should be treated before
discharging into the environment. All parenteral drugs which the company produces, including
many oral drugs, must go through rigorous microbiological testing in order to validate certain
compounds accordingly. Various countries have official publications containing a list of drugs and
directions for their use. Such publications are in use in a certain countries and these are named as
‘pharmacopoeia’ e.g. United States Pharmacopoeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EP) or
British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP).It is necessary that the manufacturing
practices for pharmaceutical products, which emphasize specific points for the manufacturing,
should minimize the risks from various forms including contamination microbiological,
particulates, pyrogens, etc. Pharmaceutical industries comprise of several departments such as
37 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
Quality Assurance (QA), Quality Control (QC), Production, Packaging, Human Resources and
Development (HRD), Accounts and Finance, Warehouse, Engineering, etc. But only specific
departments are concerned with the microbiological testing of pharmaceutical finished products.
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) are standard
guidelines to be followed to manufacture ideal goods / products. As far as microbiological
practices are concerned in a pharmaceutical company, involves: environmental monitoring,
sterilization, disinfectant and antiseptic, sterility test, antibiotic assay, microbial limit test, LAL test,
and preservative efficacy test (PET).
Keywords: GMP, pharma microbiology, quality
PP38 - Dental Biofilms
B. Pavithra, M. Divya, R. Banumathi , S. Manjari and K. Kavitha*
PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Art’s and Science
College,Kanchipuram – 631561.
*Corresponding author: Kaviswamy@gmail.com
Abstract
Dental biofilms are structurally and functionally organized biofilm. It is also called dental
plaque. It exists on tooth surface and also under the gums. It can be defined as a diverse community
of microorganisms. Microbes bind tightly to one another, in addition to solid tooth surface, by
means of an extracellular matrix consisting of polymers of both host and microbial origin. The
formation of dental plaque biofilms includes colonization of pellicle and ends with complex
formation of a mature biofilms. The bacteria involved in dental biofilm formation are
Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
Corynebacterium species, Lactobacillus rhamnosus. These bacteria can rapidly metabolize dietary
sugars to acid, creating locally a low pH, diurnal changes in saliva flow and leads to oral cavity. It
can be treated by inhibiting plaque acid production by fluoride –containing products or other
metabolic inhibitors. It improves enamel chemistry, maintain intracellular pH of teeth, promote re-
mineralization. If we left unaltered, plaque will inevitably lead to more disease.
Keywords: Plaque, Pellicle formation, Dietary sugar.
PP39 - Biodegradation of low density plastics by microorganisms
P.Padmini, D. Ramya, R. Sandhiya, T. Ezhilarasi, K. Kotteswaran, E. Praveen Kumar and S.
Kumaran*
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: kumarun23@gmail.com
Abstract Plastic is a broad name given to different polymers with high molecular weight, which can
be degraded by various processes. However, considering their abundance in the environment and
their specificity in attacking plastics, biodegradation of plastics by microorganisms and enzymes
seems to be the most effective process. When plastics are used as substrates for microorganisms,
evaluation of their biodegradability should not only be based on their chemical structure, but also
38 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
on their physical properties (melting point, glass transition temperature, crystallinity, storage
modulus etc.) Biodegradable plastics are seen by many as a promising solution to this problem
because they are environmentally-friendly. They can be derived from renewable feedstocks,
thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Biodegradable plastics offer a lot of advantages such
as increased soil fertility, low accumulation of bulky plastic materials in the environment (which
invariably will minimize injuries to wild animals), and reduction in the cost of waste management.
Furthermore, biodegradable plastics can be recycled to useful metabolites (monomers and
oligomers) by microorganisms and enzymes. In this present study, the isolated bacterium can
degrade the plastic. Bacterial and fungal species are used widely for degradation. The potential
strain was characterized as Pseudomonas sp. The organisms which degrade the hydrocarbon in the
plastics and use them as carbon source can be employed. In future the degrading bacteria will be a
promising source in plastic degradation and it can control the pollution so its leads to improve the
soil quality.
Keywords: Plastic, degradation, Pseudomonas
PP40 - Biodiesel production and microbial catalyst for microalgal biotechnology
D. Malathy , S. Sabarinathan, V. Thangamani, R. Ramkumar, U. Yuvaraj, A. Baskaran and
S. Kumaran*
PG & Research Department of Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*Corresponding author: kumarun23@gmail.com
Abstract
Oil- accumulating microalgae have the potential to enable large – scale biodiesel production
without competing for arable land or biodiverse natural landscapes. High lipid productivity of
dominant, fast- growing algae is major prerequisite for commercial production of microalgal oil-
derived biodiesel. However, under optimal growth conditions large amount of algal biomass are
produced, but with relatively low lipid content are typically slow growing. Major advances in this
area can be made through the induction of lipid biosynthesis, eg. By environmental stresses. Lipids
in the form of triacylglycerides typically provide a storage function in the cell that enables
microalgae to endure adverse environmental conditions. High yield of algae biomass with high
lipid content and the effective techniques to harvest the grown algae, extract the algal oil and
transesterify the oil to biodiesel.
Keywords: Biodiesel, transesterification, microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris.
PP41 - To create awareness against farmer suicides
D. Bavatharani, K. Perundevi, P. Sivaranjani and E. Praveen Kumar*
PG & Research Department of Microbiology,Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
*corresponding author: epkmicro@gmail.com
Abstract
Agriculture is the back bone of our country. But incidence of farmers ending their lives in
many region had hit epidemic proportions recently. In our government is serious discussion about
to prevent farmer from suicides. So, government are seriously supported the microbial
biotechnology through the methods of serious of concession to it. Interesting it came out with
39 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
"millennium biotechnology policy", the major objectives of which included: To spread awareness
about the investment opportunities in biotechnology, genomics, microbiology, etc. Government are
introduced 'sottu neer pasanam' for farmers. The agriculture includes mainly plants,
microorganism, and soil. In the chemical fertilizer are gives quantity only. In the present days we
are suffering from malnutrition, because the food quality is low. But Biofertilizers are helps to
increase the quality and also healthy food production. But the farmers should get fair prices only.
So the farmers are disappointed and committed suicides.
“If we lose one farmer; we lose thousands of people's food in our life.
Save our farmers and save our earth”.
Keywords: Agriculture, biofertilzers, farmers.
PP42 - Fabrication of collagen scaffolds impregnated with silver nanoparticles
synthesized by Delphinium denudatum suitable for unhealing chronic wound
therapy
B.Sivasankari and G.Suresh
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
Abstract A wound is described as disruption of normal tissue structure and function caused by external
and physiological factor. Wounds in general cause pain, bleeding, disability and sometimes lead to
death. Diabetes associated with a variety of alterations in connective tissue metabolism leads to the
problem of poor wound healing. Diabetic wounds lose collagen either due to decreased level of
synthesis or enhanced metabolism of newly synthesized collagen. Physiological factors that induce
foot ulcer in 15-25% of diabetic patient may develop foot complication in their life time. Collagen,
the extracellular protein employed as most promising wound dressing material for biomedical
applications because of its minimal inflammation, cytotoxicity, promotes growth factors, weak
antigenicity, provides strength and integrity to the tissue matrix. Films prepared from collagen are
used for delivering drugs to wounds due to their biodegradable nature. Antibacterial and anti-
inflammatory agents in combination with collagen is an effective way to achieve optimum and
rapid wound healing with minimum inflammatory responses and prevent additional infectivity.
Silver nanoparticles synthesized by extract of Delphinium denudatum and combination with
doxycycline antibiotic and collagen to treat unhealing chronic wounds.
Keywords: Wound, collagen, silver nanoparticle, doxycycline.
40 Bhamathi Microbiology News Letter Vol-5, Issue 2, December 2015 ISSN: 2231-136X
PP43 - Green plastics - An effort to save our environment
R. Thirumoorthi, V. Logesh and K. Selvendiran
PG & Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur,
Kanchipuram.
Abstract Green plastics are a new generation of biodegradable plastics whose components are derived
entirely (or) almost entirely from renewable (or) biodegradable raw materials they are biopolymers
that occur in nature. These plastics based on natural plant polymers from wheat (or) corn starch and
have molecules that are readily attacked and broken down by microbes. These bioplastics &
biopolymers created from lactic acid fermentation, from oranges and also from potatoes. These
plastics can be applied in packing in many fields like food industries, hospitals research
equipments, coating for paper & card boards, packing of toys etc. So it gives good environment in
earth without having contamination of synthetic plastics in soil.
Keywords: Bioplastics, Renewable, Corn starch
~~~~~×~~~~
AUTHOR GUIDELINES
Authors willing to submit their manuscript are requested to carefully go through the
guidelines as given below, [The papers submitted without following this style and format will not
undergo review process, and will be returned to authors].
Article Types
Three types of manuscripts may be submitted: Regular articles, Short Communications,
Reviews.
All portions of the manuscript must be typed double-spaced and all pages numbered starting
from the title page.
The Title should be a brief phrase describing the contents of the paper.
The Abstract should be informative and completely self-explanatory, briefly present the
topic, state the scope of the experiments, indicate significant data, and point out major
findings and conclusions. Following the abstract, about 3 to 6 Keywords that will provide
indexing should be listed. The Introduction should provide a clear statement of the
problem, the relevant literature on the subject. Materials and Methods should be complete
enough to allow experiments to be reproduced. Results should be presented with clarity and
precision. The Discussion should interpret the findings in view of the results obtained in
this and in past studies on this topic. State the Conclusion in a few sentences at the end of
Discussion. The Acknowledgment of people, grants, funds, etc should be
brief. Tables should be kept to a minimum and be designed to be as simple as possible.
Figure should be prepared using JPEG file.
References Citation in text:
In the text, references to the literature should be made by author's name followed by year of
publication arranged by alphabetical order first, then by year of publication:
. . . studies by Briggs (1975) reveal . . .
. . . earlier reports (Anderson and Stevens, 1977; Mahler, 1976; 1977), . . .
When references are made to more than one paper by the same author, published in the same
year, they are to be designated in the text as (Hinck et al., 1994a, b) and in the reference list as
follows:
Single Author Paper:
o Manahan SE (1994) Biosorption of heavy metals. Biotechnol Prog 11:235–250
Multi Author Paper:
o Jiang R, Huang S, Chow TA, Yang J (2009) Nitric oxide removal from flue gas with
a biotrickling filter using Pseudomonas putida. J Hazard Mater 164:432-441
Book: o Levitt J (1980) Responses of plants to environmental stresses, Vol. 2, Academic
Press, New York.
Chapter in a book: o Asada K, Takahashi M (1987) Production and scavenging of active oxygen in
photosynthesis. In: D. J. Kyle, B. Osmond and C. J. Arntzen (Eds.), Photoinhibition,
Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 227-287.
Proofs: Electronic proofs will be sent (e-mail attachment) to the corresponding author as a PDF
file. Page proofs are considered to be the final version of the manuscript.
Please submit your manuscript via e-mail (preferred) to: bhamathimicrobiologynews@gmail.com
~~~~~×~~~~
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