Bicycle Trip Assignment: Energy Consumption as Travel Cost Variable Olena Tokmylenko MCRP candidate...

Bicycle Trip Assignment:Energy Consumption as Travel Cost Variable

Olena TokmylenkoMCRP candidate 2013Clemson University

Source: Los Angeles Bicycle Plan

What we think people experience

What people actually experience

Model Structure

Optimal route

Travel Time

Energy Expenditu

re

speed

Physiological

conditions

athleticism

gender age

distance

sloperiders

masswind resistan

ce

etc.

power

Level of proficiency

Group “A”Advanced or experienced

Group “B”Basic or less confident

Group “C”Children

Wingate Anaerobic Test Classification of Peak Power and Anaerobic Capacity for Female and Male NCAA Division I Collegiate Athletes

Human PowerAerobic Capacity vs Anaerobic

capacity Functional Threshold PowerCritical Power

power critical )duration

1 capacity work (anaerobic Power Sustained

Bicycling Power

VCsmgVVKW RwAw )]()([ 2

Where

Characteristics of five types of bicycle and rider

Roadster (Utility) bicycle

Sports bicycle

Road racing bicycle

Frontage area, A (m²)

0.5 0.4 0.33

Drag coefficient, 1.2 1 0.9

Bicycle mass (kg) 15 11 9

Rider mass (kg) 77 75 75

Rolling resistance coefficient,

0.008 0.004 0.003

Force of rolling resistance, (N)

7.218 3.374 2.471

Aerodynamic drag factor, (kg/m)

0.368 0.245 0.182

Source: “Bicycling Science” David G. Wilson

Constant parameters

Velocity, m/s

Rider’s Mass, kg

Slope,% Headwind Velocity, m/s

5 70 0 3

Velocity, mi/h

Rider’s Mass, lb

Slope,% Headwind Velocity, mi/h

~ 11 ~155 0 ~7

U.S. Measurement System

Metric Measurement System

Bicycling Power

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 150

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

velocity, m/s

pow

er,

watt

50 60 70 80 90 100

110

120

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

mass, kg

pow

er,

watt

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

22%

24%

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

slope

pow

er,

watt

00.511.522.533.544.555.566.577.588.590

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

wind velocity, m/s

pow

er,

watt

Types of bicyclists

Utilitarian

Recreational

Model AssumptionsUtilitarian cyclistsDifferent level of skills with a

stress to averageDecision is made and origins and

destinations are known

Model Structure

Optimal route

Travel Time

Energy Expenditu

re

speed

Physiological

conditions

athleticism

gender age

distance

sloperiders

masswind resistan

ce

etc.

power

ConclusionOne of the most important factor that

affect bicycling power expenditure can be addressed by planners while designing infrastructure

The results of the model can minimize the cost of data collection and enrich behavior models

The effective planning based on travel time and energy expenditure can provide better experience to the cyclists

Next StepsPropose classes of cyclist based

on their power levelApply slope-speed-power

relationship to the road network to determine travel time

Measure energy expenditure of the riders

Test the model on real city network

Questions?

For questions or propositions contact :

Olena Tokmylenkootokmyl@clemson.edu