Biology 322 Human Anatomy I

Biology 322Human Anatomy I

Autonomic Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

The efferent (motor) component of the peripheral nervous system includes two types of neurons:

Neurons

Neurons

Comparison: Somatic vs Autonomic efferent neurons

Somatic

Autonomic

Voluntary Involuntary Effectors: Skeletal M. Effectors: Cardiac M. Smooth M Glands

Neurons extend from CNS to effectors without synapsing.

Two neurons to get from CNS to effectors; Therefore one synapse."Two neuron chain"

Autonomic Nervous System

Two divisions based on: a) b)

Division of Autonomic Nervous System Preganglionic neuron starts

Preganglionic neuron synapses

Division of Autonomic Nervous System Preganglionic neuron starts

Preganglionic neuron synapses

Sympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic neuron and postganglionic neuron can occur in either of two sets of ganglia

1)

2) .

Sympathetic Ganglia

Sympathetic Ganglia

Parasympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occurs in ganglia very close to the target cells:

1.

Parasympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occurs in ganglia very close to the target cells:

2.

Parasympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occurs in ganglia very close to the target cells:

2.

Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.

Sympathetic:

Parasympathetic:

Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.

For example:

Heart: Sympathetic increases heart rate & force of contraction Parasympathetic decreases heart rate & force of contraction

Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.

For example:

(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )

Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages

Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.

For example:

(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )(Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages)

Digestive System: Sympathetic decreases activity; constricts anal sphincter Parasympathetic increases activity; relaxes anal sphincter

Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.

For example:

(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )(Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages)(Digestive System: Sympathetic decreases activity Parasympathetic increases activity)

Urinary System: Sympathetic inhibits urination Parasympathetic promotes urination

Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.

For example:

(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )

(Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages)

(Digestive System: Sympathetic decreases activity Parasympathetic increases activity)

(Urinary System: Sympathetic inhibits urination Parasympathetic promotes urination)