Biotic VS. Abiotic

•The living parts of an ecosystem are called BIOTIC factors

•Examples: 6 Kingdoms,trees, plants, flowers, insects, animals

•The non-living things in an ecosystem are called ABIOTIC factors

–Examples : water, rocks, soil, air, temperature, wind, carbon dioxide, nutrients, sunlight.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 6 KINGDOMS OF

LIFE

To be considered living, an organism must…

Contain all 7 characteristics of life DNA Reproduce Use energy Adapt Respond to Stimuli Made of cells Grow and Develop

Animal Kingdom

* Food – Cannot make their own food.

* Multi-cellular organisms

Reproduction – Asexual and sexual

Examples – Humans, crustaceans, spiders, insects, fish, birds, mammals, sponges,

hydras, coral, worms, etc.

Examples of Animals

Sea anemone

hydra

Sea horse

Poison Dart frog

GreatWhiteShark

butterfly

human

Plant Kingdom* Food – make their own food by photosynthesis.

*Multi-cellular

Reproduction – Sexually and asexually

Examples – rose, cactus, grass, daisy, ferns, trees

Examples of Plant Kingdom

Kingdom Fungi

* Food – do not make their own food. Decomposers

* Unicellular and multicellular.

Reproduction – Sexual and Asexual

Examples – yeast, mushrooms, mold, mildew, athletes foot, ringworm

Examples of Fungi

Athletes Foot

Foot Fungus

mushroom

Bread mold

ringworm yeast Bread mold magnified

Kingdom Protists* Food – Some make their own food

(plantlike); others cannot (animal-like).* Unicellular and Multi-cellular

Reproduction – Asexual & Sexual

Examples – Euglena, paramecium, amoeba, slime mold, volvox, algae,diatoms, giant kelp

Examples of Protists

Algae

Amoeba

Paramecium

Volvox

Euglena

Red algae

Stentor

KINGDOM EUBACTERIA

*Food – Some can make their own food: other cannot.

* Unicellular organisms.

Reproduction – asexual

Roles: decomposers, food makers, help digest food, clean oil spills, makes nitrogen

rich soil(helps plants grow), etc.

Examples of Eubacteria

E. Coli

StrepBacteria help digest food

Anthrax

Blue green algae

Staph

Kingdom Archaebacteria

This hot, sulfur-rich, acidic pool in Yellowstone National Park is home to species of Archea, 

including Sulfolobus.

Some archaens live 1000’s of miles deep in the ocean near superheated volcanic

vents.

KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA

* Food- Some cannot make their own food; others do.

Three main types – salt loving, heat loving, and methane makers, harsh environments

Reproduction – asexual

* Unicellular organisms

Let’s PracticeWhich kingdom does each

organism belong?Eubacteria

Protistsprotists

AnimalFungus

Fungusplant

Animal

Eubacteria

Archaebacteriaanimal

ABIOTIC FACTORSSunlight

•Plants need the sunlight to make glucose by photosynthesis. Without plants, the food chain dies.•Sunlight produces heat that changes the temperature of the Earths atmosphere and surface.

ABIOTIC FACTORSWater

•Organisms are mostly made of water. The cytoplasm of cells are mostly water. •Plants need water to do photosynthesis.

ABIOTIC FACTORSClimate

Includes the average temperature and rainfall for a region. All organisms are adapted for the climate they live. Climate determines the different biomes.

ABIOTIC FACTORSSoil

•Plants need the soil for the nutrients and water it provides. NOT FOOD!!!. •Many animals live in the soil. •The type of soil in an area determines the types of plants and animals that can live in the area. EX: Venus Flytraps

ABIOTIC FACTORSSevere Disturbances

1. Fire – Fire can be good or bad. It destroys habitat and food. Some plantsneed a fire for their seeds to germinate.2. Hurricanes

3. Volcanoes4. Floods5. Storms6. Droughts

ABIOTIC FACTORS Introduced Species

•Humans sometimes move organisms to a location where they do not belong. Sometimes they die, but often they prosper. •If the organism has no predators, then its population will grow. An example of this occurring this the kudzu plant. It was transplanted to American and nothing eats it here. So, it grows out of control.