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Black Sea marine protected areas and some approaches in creation of Ecocorridor. B. Aleksandrov Odessa Branch, Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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B Aleksandrov
Odessa Branch Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
There are 142 terrestrial 53 freshwater and 43 marine ecoregions in the World The Black Sea is part of the Mediterranean ecoregion
Progressive methodological approach of forming of protected areas was realized in practical nature protection conception Pan European Ecological Network with special task on forming of marine ecological network of Europe (European Coastal Marina Ecological Network) in 1999
Example of marine corridor of the Pan European ecological network in south-east Europe
The total protected area of the Black Sea amounts to 68 263 км2 but it differs in area in each country The largest number of MPAs of different status is concentrated in Ukraine which has a maximum length of coastline ndash 1 628 km or 37 and 55 750 km2 or 57 of the total Black Sea shelf area
Review of ecological networks and corridors is one of the technical guidance manual for protected area systems
Bennett G amp Mulongoy KJ Review of experience with ecological networks corridors and buffer zones- Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity- Montreal 2006- Technical Series No 23- 100pp
Guiding principles for the Establishmentof Marine Protected Areas in the Black Sea (approve CBD AG in 2008)
The aim of this study is to work out the methodology of a quantitative approach determining the biological value of marine aquatic areas (lagoons bays etc) for forming ecological corridors and determination of order of creation of new or expansions of existent МPАs (on example of marine waterbodies of Ukraine)
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
There are 142 terrestrial 53 freshwater and 43 marine ecoregions in the World The Black Sea is part of the Mediterranean ecoregion
Progressive methodological approach of forming of protected areas was realized in practical nature protection conception Pan European Ecological Network with special task on forming of marine ecological network of Europe (European Coastal Marina Ecological Network) in 1999
Example of marine corridor of the Pan European ecological network in south-east Europe
The total protected area of the Black Sea amounts to 68 263 км2 but it differs in area in each country The largest number of MPAs of different status is concentrated in Ukraine which has a maximum length of coastline ndash 1 628 km or 37 and 55 750 km2 or 57 of the total Black Sea shelf area
Review of ecological networks and corridors is one of the technical guidance manual for protected area systems
Bennett G amp Mulongoy KJ Review of experience with ecological networks corridors and buffer zones- Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity- Montreal 2006- Technical Series No 23- 100pp
Guiding principles for the Establishmentof Marine Protected Areas in the Black Sea (approve CBD AG in 2008)
The aim of this study is to work out the methodology of a quantitative approach determining the biological value of marine aquatic areas (lagoons bays etc) for forming ecological corridors and determination of order of creation of new or expansions of existent МPАs (on example of marine waterbodies of Ukraine)
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Example of marine corridor of the Pan European ecological network in south-east Europe
The total protected area of the Black Sea amounts to 68 263 км2 but it differs in area in each country The largest number of MPAs of different status is concentrated in Ukraine which has a maximum length of coastline ndash 1 628 km or 37 and 55 750 km2 or 57 of the total Black Sea shelf area
Review of ecological networks and corridors is one of the technical guidance manual for protected area systems
Bennett G amp Mulongoy KJ Review of experience with ecological networks corridors and buffer zones- Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity- Montreal 2006- Technical Series No 23- 100pp
Guiding principles for the Establishmentof Marine Protected Areas in the Black Sea (approve CBD AG in 2008)
The aim of this study is to work out the methodology of a quantitative approach determining the biological value of marine aquatic areas (lagoons bays etc) for forming ecological corridors and determination of order of creation of new or expansions of existent МPАs (on example of marine waterbodies of Ukraine)
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
The total protected area of the Black Sea amounts to 68 263 км2 but it differs in area in each country The largest number of MPAs of different status is concentrated in Ukraine which has a maximum length of coastline ndash 1 628 km or 37 and 55 750 km2 or 57 of the total Black Sea shelf area
Review of ecological networks and corridors is one of the technical guidance manual for protected area systems
Bennett G amp Mulongoy KJ Review of experience with ecological networks corridors and buffer zones- Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity- Montreal 2006- Technical Series No 23- 100pp
Guiding principles for the Establishmentof Marine Protected Areas in the Black Sea (approve CBD AG in 2008)
The aim of this study is to work out the methodology of a quantitative approach determining the biological value of marine aquatic areas (lagoons bays etc) for forming ecological corridors and determination of order of creation of new or expansions of existent МPАs (on example of marine waterbodies of Ukraine)
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Review of ecological networks and corridors is one of the technical guidance manual for protected area systems
Bennett G amp Mulongoy KJ Review of experience with ecological networks corridors and buffer zones- Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity- Montreal 2006- Technical Series No 23- 100pp
Guiding principles for the Establishmentof Marine Protected Areas in the Black Sea (approve CBD AG in 2008)
The aim of this study is to work out the methodology of a quantitative approach determining the biological value of marine aquatic areas (lagoons bays etc) for forming ecological corridors and determination of order of creation of new or expansions of existent МPАs (on example of marine waterbodies of Ukraine)
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
The aim of this study is to work out the methodology of a quantitative approach determining the biological value of marine aquatic areas (lagoons bays etc) for forming ecological corridors and determination of order of creation of new or expansions of existent МPАs (on example of marine waterbodies of Ukraine)
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Peculiarities of aquatic ecosystems
1 Concentration of life in coastal and shelf area to the depth of solar penetration
2 Definite advantage in selection of the protected areas according to benthic biocenoses as those bound with the landscape (in contrast to pelagic one)
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
TitleThere were singled out 34 different aquatic objects in Ukrainian part of the Black Sea coast
13 ndash Bays13 ndash limans (estuaries) 2 ndash lagoons 2 ndash lakes 1 ndash Delta (Danube) 1 ndash Island (Zmeiny) 1 ndash open shelf area 1 ndash strait (Kerch)
KRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytesKBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Key characteristics of aquatic objects
Кƒ = (Ki min a)05 ( K1a1 K2
a2 hellip Knan)12n
Кƒ - integrated index of biological significance of aquatic objectК1 К2 Кn ndash measure of key characteristics in each aquatic object а1 а2 аn ndash weight coefficient of each key characteristics n ndash number of key characteristics
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
bullPhysical and chemical features (distribution of nutrient)bullBiological features (phytoplankton and zooplankton communities macro-algae and invertebrate bottom fauna status of species)bullOther features (chemicals sediments contamination hotspots health issues etc) bullHabitat types (structure and substrata composition of the seabed) 5 ecotones - separate analyses
KBB ndash total number of benthic biocoenosesKAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impactKRDB ndash total number of Red Data Book speciesKMZB ndash total number of macrozoobentic speciesKPB ndash ratio between plankton and benthos biomassKPP ndash primary production of phytoplanktonKEAM ndash ecological activity of macrophytes
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Annex III Table 1)
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
KAI ndash integrated estimation of anthropogenic impact
Zaitsev Yu Littoral concentration of life in the Black Sea area and coastal management requirements Journal of the Black SeaMediterranean Environment- 2006- Vol 12- P 113-128
Generalized matrix of expert assessments of ecological processes in the Black Sea Coastal Zone
27 ndash stress factors 15 types of effect
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
V Urban sewage 3 4 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2Rain waters 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 2 2
VI Addition of sand 4 4 3 4 4 1 4 3 4 1 4 2 2 4 4Coast protection
constructions4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 3 4 3
VII Dams 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4Reservoirs 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 1 4 4 4
VIII
Resort development 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4Resort sewage 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2Recreational
activities4 3 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IX
Nature conservation 4 5 5 7 6 6 6 7 4 7 6 7 7 7 7Environmental
control4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
Artificial reefs 4 3 6 6 6 6 7 7 4 7 6 6 6 6 7
X
Environmental education
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
Field trips 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7Books posters
films6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7
helliphellip
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
There are 10 kinds of anthropogenic impacts with different influence on biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (positive or negative)
Negative Positive
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Average significance of the index of aquatic ecosystem changes under the influence of different types of anthropogenic impacts
Types Antropogenic impacts Signifi-cance
IFishing 2800Miming 2533Industrial wastes 1600
IIPesticides 1867Soil erosion 2333Agricultural runoff 1600
III Residual foods 3133Genetic degeneration 3933
IVPorts development 2200Deepening Dumping 2533Ballast waters and exotic species 3857Shipwrecks 3067
V Urban sewage 1867Rain waters 2467
VI Addition of sand 3200Coast protection constructions 3200
VII Dams 3533Reservoirs 3533
VIIIResort development 3133Resort sewage 2467Recreational activities 3600
IXNature conservation 6067Environmental control 6067Artificial reefs 5800
XEnvironmental education 6067Field trips 6067Books posters films 6067
Types of impact I Industry II Agriculture III Pisciculture IV Sea transport V Municipal economy VI Coast protection VII Hydro-power Engineering VIII Tourism Resorts IX Nature Conservation X Environmental Education and Environmental Ethics
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Distribution of anthropogenic impact factors in Ukrainian coastal waters of the Black and Azov Seas
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Values of КРР (primary productions) was determined by oxygen and radiocarbon methods or
chlorophyll laquoаraquo content were estimated in the same units (mg О2middotl-1middotd-1) according to the formula КРР=
1 - lg[85 (85 - Kaverage)]
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
Index of ecological activity of macrophytes (КEAМ) was determining as average of specific surface
of the first three dominant species (Minicheva 1998 Minicheva et al 2003) on a formula КEAМ= 10 middot
SWaverage
where - SWaverage - arithmetical mean to the specific surface (S is area of surface and W is biomass
of aquatic plants) of three dominant species of macrophytobenthos in each water body
Numeral value КPB was determined for water column by above square meter of bottom surface
taking into account the middle depth of water body on a formula КPB = 1 - lg (1000 Kaverage) 5
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body
All characteristics of biological diversity of the investigated water bodies (KMZB KBB and KRDB
were determined on formula Кi = Kaverage Kmax
where Kaverage - the value of the characteristic of a given water body Kmax - the maximum possible
value in a given ecotone
Identification of quantities characteristics of aquatic water bodies
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Characteristics RDB EAМ BB MZB PB РР AI
RDB 024 051 048 -009 -003 031
EAМ 024 043 037 -022 -018 040
Weight coefficients
of characteristics (ai) a= 09 a= 07 a= 09 a= 09 a= 06 a= 05 a= 08
Matrix of cross-correlation connection of the chosen initial biological parameters (characteristics) of aquatic ecosystems for determination of their weight coefficients (ai)
Significant coefficients of cross-correlation connection at 5 confidence level (k= 32) mark in bold
Denotation RDB - number of Red Data Book species EAМ - index of ecological activity of macrophytes BB - number of benthic biocenoses MZB - total number of macrozoobenthos species PB - ratio of total plankton and benthos biomass РР - gross primary products of phytoplankton AI ndash integrated antropogenic impact
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
TitleAccording EU Habitat Directive ldquoNATURA-2000rdquo (1992) and special activity of Secretariat of the BS Commission in the Black Sea have been singled out
Coastal margin ecotones
1Sedimentary shores2Rocky shores3Coastal brackishsaline lagoons4Estuaries and deltas5Wetlands and salt marshes
Pelagic habitats (water column)
1Neritic2Open sea
Benthic habitats (37 biocenosis)
1Supralittoral rock (2)2Supralittoral sand (1)3Mediolittoral rock (2)4Mediolittoral sand and muddy sands (2)5Sublittoral rockother hard substrata (9)6Sublittoral sediments (21)
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Wetlands and saltmarshesRocky shores
Sedimentary shores
Estuaries and deltas
Coastal brackishsaline lagoons
Coastal margin ecotones
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Biotope (habitat)
Average depth
m
BiocenosesAverage
number of macrozo-obenthos species
Average
number indmiddotm-2
Average biomass
gmiddotm-2
Hard substrates (stones rocks etc)
3 Mytilus galloprovincialis Balanus improvises
55 44889 13489
Sandy sediments (sand mud clay) 9
Donacilla cornea Nana neritea Lentidium mediterraneum Chamelea gallina
42 917 70
Sandy-mud sediments 23
Mya arenaria Mytilaster lineatus Neanthes succinea Gouldia minima Upogebia pusilla
43 1476 50
Muddy sediments46
Melinna palmate Abra nitida Spisula subtrunca-ta M galloprovincialis Nephtys hombergii Modiolus phaseolinus
44 1039 37
Comparative characteristics of benthic biotopes in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
All analyzable characteristics are interact and the value of Кƒ is combine
(integrate) all of them for every concrete aquatic object Selection of methods of determination of characteristics (Ki) and their weight (аi) came true taking
into account a necessary condition 0 lt Ki le 1 and 0 lt ai le 1
Scale of biological value of aquatic objects
1000 - 0800 Very high0799 - 0600 High0599 - 0400 Medium0399 - 0200 Low0199 - 0000 Very low
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Determination of integral index of biological value (Кƒ) and status of protection aquatic areas of coastal ecotones of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in national waters of Ukraine
Salty lagoons ecotone19 Tendrovskiy inlet 0723 + 1 598418 Yegorlykskiy inlet 0712 + 1 2 96465 Tuzla group limans 0202 + 1 2 890
Limans and deltas ecotone17 Dnieper-and-Bug liman 0466 + 1 248516 Berezanskiy liman 0440 00029 Utlyukskiy liman 0436 1 2 4617 Dniester liman 0411 + 1 2 30551 Danube delta mouth 0398 + 1 9550
30 Molochniy liman 0383 + 1 848014 Grigorevskiy liman 0169 00011 Khadjibeiskiy liman 0163 00015 Tiligulskiy liman 0142 + 1 3 100009 Sukhoy liman 0105 0006 Shabolatskiy liman 0098 000
13 Dofinovskiy liman 0070 000Wetlands and salt marshes ecotone
28 Eastern Sivash 0452 + 1 35854 Sasyk lake 0380 + 1 1619
27 Central Sivash 0118 + 2 625012 Kuyalnitskiy liman 0059 000
Water body Кƒ Ramsarsite
Protected area
Status
Water body
Sediments (sand mud clay) ecotone20 Karkinitskiy inlet 0679 + 1 2 151721 Donuzlav lake 0498 000
33 Belosarayskiy inlet 0458 + 1 10000
32 Berdianskiy inlet 0454 + 1 80031 Obitochnaya let 0422 + 1 51234 Taganrogskiy inlet 0406 000
2 Zhebrianskaya bay 0370 000
8 Zernovrsquos phyllophora field 0331 2 10000
10 Odessa bay 0324 000
Rocky coast ecotone23 Sevastopol bays 0638 2 3 4902
3 Zmiinyi island (slopes) 0610 2 050
24 Karadag coast 0570 + 1 2 49222 Kalamytskiy inlet 0474 3 035
25 Feodosiya inlet 0459 000
26 Kerch Strait 0227 1 2 3 182
Status of protection area 1 - international 2 - national 3 - local
Thank you for attention
Thank you for attention
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