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Block Day- October 15 th & 16 th. Welcome Back How was break?? This Quarter: Rise of Christianity & Fall of Rome Islam Emerging Europe and Middle Ages Renaissance & Reformation Exploration- possibly… . New Seating Charts . CNN Student News plus another Warm Up. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Block Day- October 15th & 16th • Welcome Back • How was break??
• This Quarter:• Rise of Christianity & Fall of Rome• Islam• Emerging Europe and Middle Ages• Renaissance & Reformation• Exploration- possibly…
New Seating Charts
CNN Student News plus another Warm Up• Name one of the favorite things you did this break or
something fun that happened- appropriate please
• CNN Student News
Learning Goal: • Students will be able to…
• Summarize the life and teachings of Jesus. • Trace the spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire. • Analyze Christianity’s appeal.
• Name 2 symbols that you associate with Christianity
• *DISCLAIMER* This class is not about my personal views on religion, or about instilling any views of religion on others. It is a intellectual discussion on the origins of Christianity and its beliefs, not on whether it is correct or not. Please make sure that you are sensitive to others when discussing this topic.*
ROME & THE RISE ROME & THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITYOF CHRISTIANITY
The rise of Christianity marked an important break with the dominant values of the Greek
and Roman worlds.
Early Roman Religion Played an important role in
Roman societyBeginning with Augustus,
emperors were often declared gods◦ Romans worship many gods
& goddesses (polytheism)Roman Worship of Gods:
◦ Impersonal◦ Practiced without a great deal
of emotion
Tolerance in Rome • Romans were tolerant of
other religions• Allowed worship of other
gods and goddesses • People desired a more
emotional spiritual experience
Roman Conquest of Judea• CA 63 BCE—Roman
Empire extends to Judea (Home of the Jews)Jewish kingdom
remained independent at first,
• 6 CE—Roman Empire took total control and made Judea a Roman province
• Jews believed the Messiah would arrive to restore kingdom of the Jews
Jews in RomeJews in RomeMost Jews of the time
lived in Judea which became part of the Roman empire in 6 A.D.Jews were monotheistic
therefore they could not accept the emperor as being divine
The Romans allowed them not to see the emperor as divineMany Jews wanted to be
independent
THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITY
Although Christians were initially persecuted, Christianity grew in importance and spread throughout the empire.
Jesus of Nazareth
The Beginnings of JesusThe Beginnings of Jesus• He was a carpenter and a
student of the writings of earlier Jewish prophetsHistorians believe he was born
between 6 to 4 BCE in town of Bethlehem, Judea
• Raised in the village of Nazareth in Northern PalestineBaptized by prophet John the
Baptist• Public Ministry—began at the
age of 30
Jesus of NazarethJesus of Nazareth
• Reportedly performed miracles, preached, did good works
• Teachings: • Contained many ideas from Jewish tradition• Monotheism—belief in one
god• Principles of the Ten
Commandments• His mission was to complete
the salvation that God had promised
Followers of JesusFollowers of JesusHe developed many
followersOf these he chose
Twelve to help him preach his message
Jesus TravelsJesus Travels
Jesus became popular as he traveled from town to town
• Messages: appealed especially to the
poor (he ignored wealth and status)
Simple and direct—people touched by messages (easily understood)
Controversy with JesusMany Jews believed Jesus was
the divine messiahOther Jews thought he was just
a revolutionary and they did not like him◦ The Romans were scared that he
would lead another uprising◦ Thought of him as a Revolutionary ◦ Around 30 A.D. He was brought to
trial before a Roman governor, Pontius Pilate
Pilate’s ConcernsPilate’s ConcernsPontius Pilate—
accused Jesus of defying authority of Rome
• Jesus was arrested, sentenced to death by crucifixion—the nailing of a person to a wooden cross to die
Jesus’ Death • Jesus’ body placed in a tomb following his death• According to the Gospels, 3
days later, his body was gone, & a living Jesus appeared to his followers.
CHRISTIANITY SPREADS THROUGHOUT THE EMPIRE
Paul and the DisciplesPaul and the Disciples• Jesus' followers, called
disciples, spread the Christian message
• Paul emphasized that Christianity was not a sect of Judaism, but a religion of all people
• Universality enables Christianity to become more than a local religion
The Romans and ChristiansThe Romans and Christians• At first the Romans were tolerant of Christians the same way they were of Jews
• By the 100’s A.D. that had changed• Many churches established throughout
the empire• Christians made good citizens because
the religion taught them to respect government
• However they were more likely than Jews to convert people to their religion, which meant not worshipping the emperor
• This was seen as an attack on the Roman empire
Persecution of ChristiansPersecution of ChristiansRomans began to persecute,
kidnap and kill ChristiansMany Christians refused to
renounce their religion even in the face of death They are known as martyrs
The Roman effort would not stop the spread of Christianity
Persecution of the ChristiansPersecution of the Christians
(Left) Picture of St. Ignatius being thrown to the Lions in Rome. (He was a Christian martyr)
Christian AppealChristian Appeal• Even with the persecution of the Christians by the 3rd Century A.D. there were millions of Christians in Rome
• Widespread Appeal due to:• 1) embraced all people• 2) gave hope to the powerless• 3) appealed to those repelled by extravagances by Rome
• 4) Personal relationship with loving God• 5) promised eternal life after death• 6) Pax Romana
Catacombs- a refuge for early ChristiansCatacombs- a refuge for early Christians
MartyrMartyrSt. Sebastian
St. Stephen
The Spread of The Spread of ChristianityChristianity
The Spread of The Spread of ChristianityChristianity
Roman Roads and Why they were important• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRYHsiCvmhc
Roman Roads Article
Constantine: 312 - 337Constantine: 312 - 337Constantine: 312 - 337Constantine: 312 - 337
Constantine was the 1st Christian Emperor
Constantine and ChristianityConstantine and Christianity• 312 A.D. Emperor Constantine was going to
battle when he prayed for help….He had a vision of a cross; symbol of ChristianityHe had a cross painted on his soldiers shieldsWhen he won the battle he gave credit to
Christianity• 313 A.D. Constantine ended Christian
persecution and in the Edict of Milan made Christianity a religion of Rome
• 380 A.D. emperor Theodosius made it the official religion of Rome.
ConstantineConstantine• Constantine died in 337
A.D. he was baptized on his death bed
• A 180 degree turn from the early days of RomeIn about 400 years
Christianity spread from little Judea throughout the entire Roman Empire
Constantine Moves the Constantine Moves the Roman CapitalRoman Capital
Constantine Moves the Constantine Moves the Roman CapitalRoman Capital
Constantine divides the Roman Empire into two:Rome = capital of westConstantinople = capital of east
The Early ChurchThe Early Church
• As the Roman empire neared its end the Christian religion became very organizedPriests had the
churches and in each city there was a bishop
The PopeThe PopeThe patriarch of Rome became
known as Pope Pope means father in Latin
The pope claimed supremacy over the other patriarchs
The Vatican The Vatican
Archdiocese/Archbishop
Bishop/Diocese
Priest/Parish
Pope
DBQ
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