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Blockchain OpportunitiesTrust,PrivacyandUtilityfortheConsumerElectronics &Vehicular Technology Industries
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Peter Corcoran, NUI Galway, peter.corcoran@nuigalway.ieJames Irvine, University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, j.m.irvine@strath.ac.uk
WhoamI (Presenter)?
▸ ProfessionalVolunteer(Electronic&ICTEngineer)• BoardMemberofIEEEConsumerElectronicsSociety(6years)• Editor-in-ChiefofIEEEConsumerElectronicsMagazine(2010-2016)• IEEEFellowin2010(ContributionstoDigitalCameraTechnology)• IEEEDistinguishedLecturer,ConferenceChair,Editor&Reviewer
▸ DayJob(s):• UniversityProfessor&FormerVice-Dean(Research&GradStudies)• ActiveResearcher(currently10PhD&3PostDoctoral researchers)• Entrepreneur,Inventor&Technologist• IndustryConsultant
SomeCEUseCases(1)Products&Manufacturing
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SupplyChainManagement▸ CEIndustryprojectedtogrowatCAGRof5%to$1.8trillionby2023,withsmartphonesleadingtheway
▸ TheindustryreliesoncomplexsupplychainmanagementtosupportmanufacturingoftodaysCEdevices
▸ Increasingemphasison- ethicalsourcingformanufacturing;- managementofproductlifecycleforenvironmental
- legal&taxationissuesthatspanjurisdictions;e.g.13billionintaxesowedbyAppletoIrishgovernment,butenforcedbyEU
▸ Blockchain providesmuchneededtraceabilityandtransparency
CounterfeitComponents▸ Coststhesemiconductorindustry75BUSDperannum;3Bforautomotiveindustrybutincreasing;
▸ Counterfeitcomponents&subsystemsdon’thavesafety&compliancecertificationsorepresentahighrisktomanufacturers
▸ Difficulttodetectwhereandhowtheyenterthesupplychain- generallycannotbedistinguishedfromoriginal
components;oftenoriginatefromthesamefactorybutfromabatchthatfailedsafetyorcompliancetests;
- manycompetitivepressureswithinthesupplychain;counterfeitcomponentsallowcostsavings;oftenmixedwithgenuinecomponents
- humanelementisdifficulttocontrol;
▸ Blockchain providesmuchneededtraceabilityandtransparencyforthesemiconductor&CEindustrysectors
FakeConsumerProducts▸ Globalizationhasledtoanevenbiggerproblem– completelyfakeproductsthatarealmostidenticaltotheoriginal!
▸ AliBaba handlesaround1.7Binfakeproducts(2017figure);ahugeproblemforitscredibilityasaglobalonlineretailer
▸ Globallythemarketforfakeelectronicproductsisestimatedat30-50B;(500Bforallcategoriesofproduct!)
▸ Solution:apublicblockchain forproductregistrationandtracking– frommanufacturertoconsumerandbeyond(e.g.verificationofdevicerepair&refurbishment).
SomeCEUseCases(2)System-on-ChipChallenges
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TheSystem-on-ChipistheDevice▸ ModernSoCcombinesmultiplehardwareengines&processingunitsfrommultiplevendors
▸ SoC IntellectualPropertyishighlyvaluable,requiringmanyman-yearsofengineeringeffort;manynewcompaniesare‘fabless’,relyingontheirIP-Coredesignsforcommercialsuccess
▸ Increasingchallengesfortheindustrywrt- ProtectingIP-Coredesignsfromtheft&piracy;canoccuratvariousstagesinthedesign&manufacturingpipeline;
- VerifyingtheinclusionofIPinproductionsystems;howmanyunitsshipped,etc …
- ProtectingIPfromreverseengineeringwithoutcompromisingperformanceandsiliconarea
▸ Blockchain canprovidesolutions
SomeVTUseCases(1)ConnectedVehiclesChallenges
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TheEnvironment▸ Connectedvehiclesmustworkinmanydifferentenvironments,withoutrelyingoncentraltrust- Visitingotherjurisdictions- Provenanceofinfrastructure- Unconnectedhighways
▸ Connectedvehiclesmustinteract– athighspeed– withmanyothervehicles- Safetysystemsmustoperatewithverylowlatency- Provenanceofsensordata- Provenanceofvehicleintentions
▸ Blockchain canavoidtherequirementforacentraltrustedauthority
▸ Blockchain canallowcontroltobedevolvedandworkoffline
SomeVTUseCases(2)VehicleChargingChallenges
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VehicleCharging▸ Electricvehiclesmustworkinmanydifferentenvironments,withoutrelyingoncentraltrust- Visitingotherjurisdictions- Provenanceofinfrastructure- Paymentforcharge– inbothdirections
▸ Electricvehicleshavethepotentialtorevolutioniseenergystorageinasmartgrid- Loadbalancinginplace- Geographicloadbalancing
▸ Blockchain canavoidtherequirementforacentraltrustedauthority- Exceptinanautomotiveenvironment,wehaveoptionsfortrustedparties
- Energydistributionnetworkcouldbeusedforauditing/scalability
MoreCEUseCases(3)Devices&Data
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TheAgeoftheSmartphone▸ (Almost)Everyonehasonenow– itisthemostubiquitouspersonaldeviceandapinacleofconsumerelectronics
▸ Thesmartphoneisthegatewaytowealthofpersonal&privatedata;and“dataisthenewgold”…
▸ It is thebridge between CEand theCloud ...
▸ Butthisraisesmanychallenges:- Howtoprotectuserprivacy?- Howtomanage&sharepersonal/semi-privatedata?(e.g.pictures&video)
- Howtomanagecross-jurisdictionalissues(e.g.safe-harbour betweenUSandEU)
- Smartphone&userbiometrics
Somearticlestoconsider…
▸ Privacy&Smartphones- P.Corcoran,“TheBattleforPrivacyInYourPocket”[NotesfromtheEditor],IEEE
ConsumerElectronicsMagazine.2016 Jul;5(3):3-36.- P.Corcoran,“PrivacyintheAgeoftheSmartphone”.IEEEPotentials.2016
Sep;35(5):30-35.- P.Corcoran,“AprivacyframeworkfortheInternetofThings”,InInternetof
Things(WF-IoT),2016 IEEE3rdWorldForumon2016Dec12(pp.13-18).IEEE.▸ Biometrics
- P.Corcoran,“Biometricsandconsumerelectronics:Abravenewworldortheroadtodystopia?”[Soapbox].IEEEConsumerElectronicsMagazine.2013Apr;2(2):22-33.
- P.Corcoran,C.Costache,“BiometricTechnologyandSmartphones:Aconsiderationofthepracticalitiesofabroadadoptionofbiometricsandthelikelyimpacts”,IEEEConsumerElectronicsMagazine,5(2),pp.70–78,2016.
- P.Corcoran,C.Costache,“Smartphones,Biometrics,andaBraveNewWorld”,IEEETechnologyandSocietyMagazine.2016 Sep;35(3):59-66.
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Thesearen’taboutblockchain;ratherthenoutlineproblemswhereblockchain canofferapotentialsolution…
SomeCEUseCases(4)TheInternetofThings
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TheInternetofThings(IoT)- 1▸ Multipleconnecteddevicesareinvadingyourhome…- Smart-TV- SmartSpeakers(Alexa,GoogleHome,etc…) - Cameras(security,babymonitor,doorbell,TV,
tablets,phones,etc …) - connected HVACsystems (NEST,etc ... )
▸ Multiple networking technologies& command protocols ... ▸ Many devices connected toCloud/Web services ...
▸ MultipleChallenges:- Security&PrivacyoftheHousehold?- Managementofallthesedevices?- Prevention&DetectionofCyber-attacks?
• Pen-TestingtheHome?- Transactionsbetweendevices,servicesandyour
banka/c?▸ HowtoestablishConsumerTrustinsuchacomplex
environment?
IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine
July 2015 Issue –
The Dark Side of IoT
Editorial -“I Am Game of Thrones”About the risks of our digital lives being ‘stolen’ as easily as a certain hit TV-Series …
TheInternetofThings(IoT)- 2
SomethoughtsondisruptionsinConsumerSpace…(Thesereflectssomemore ‘personal’interests ...)
1.Biometrics,Smartphones&Blockchain …
Biometrics & SmartphonesSmartphones can solve the problem of cancellable biometrics …
Soapbox Article – IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine – April 2013
Which is more secure?Remember – your device can constantly authenticate you!
▸ !
Vs
But for Biometrics to Work … ▸… you can’t store the ”Biometric” in a centralised
database ...
▸ IT is too attractive for
▸ Cyber-criminals ..
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ButyoucouldBLOCKCHAINitwithabitofhelpfromoursmartphones…
▸ Blockchain enables new forms of distributed software
architecture where agreements on shared state for
decentralised and transactional data can be established in
a network of peers – this can be a key enabler for secure & ubiquitous “cancellable Biometrics” …
2.BigData,ConsumerContent&Blockchain …
GrowthinDataTrafficonInternet
▸ Totaldataapproaching0.2ZBpermonth…
▸ 70%-80%isVideoData▸ MobileDataCAGRisc.50%▸ Consumersarenowmajorgeneratorsofcontent…
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TheAgeoftheZetabyte (Yottabyte?)…
When you are THE World’s DATA HUB …... You need the World’s Biggest Data Center to store all that Cloud Data!
▸ !
But Governments aren’t the only ones who want you to trust them with your data …
▸ !
TodayBigCorporationsControltheDataFlow…&the$$$
▸ Usercontentattractsviewersandadvertisers…
▸ Corporations keep theLion’s share ofprofits…
▸ Thepeople who create thecontent get thecrumbs ...
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ButBLOCKCHAINcouldcommodotise themanagement&monetisation ofcontentdistribution…
▸ Blockchain enables new forms of distributed software
architecture where agreements on shared state for
decentralised and transactional data can be established in
a network of peers – this can be a key enabler for an open marketplace for data & content …
Summary/Conclusions
▸ SupplyChains&ManufacturingbothinCE&VTEcosystems- Somethingwewouldhaveexpected…
▸ SomeInterestingNewIdeasforApplicationofBlockchain- Security,Privacy&TrustchallengesinrelationtobothourAutomobilesandourSmartphones!
- VehicularCharging- BiometricsInfrastructure- Blockchain tomanage&monetise ‘user-generated’content?
▸ Challenges- Blockchain requires‘energy’toenableallthesewonderfulopportunities- Anditrequiresabroadadoptiontoenableasufficientlylargeconsensusforanyoftheseusecasestobesuccessful
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SomethingOld,SomethingNew,SomethingBorrowed,SomethingGreen…
I’mDone…?????AnyQuestions… ????
CenterforCognitive,ConnectedandComputationalImagingCollegeofEngineering,Science&Informatics,NUIGalway
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