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Brain FingerprintingBrain Fingerprinting
ByDARSHAN SIDDAPPA1SG07CS019
Under the guidance ofProf. Vrinda ShettyHOD(CSE)
CContents:ontents:
• Introduction• How does it work?• Procedure • Phases of brain fingerprinting• Comparison • Applications• Advantages • Disadvantages• Future Enhancements• Conclusion
Introduction:Introduction:
•Brain Finger printing is a forensic technique that is used to determine whether specific information is stored in a subject’s brain.
•This technique measures the electrical brain wave responses to words, phrases, or pictures presented on a computer screen.
•Good knowledge about the event is needed.
Overview
Invented by Lawrence Farwell.
It’s a patented technique of proven accuracy in US government tests.
It has a record of 100% accuracy.
How does it work:How does it work:
• On seeing a previously known information, a specific measurable brain response known as P300 is elicited by the brain of the subject.
• When a person is exposed to a known information there is an increase in the neuron activity which results in an increase in voltage typically within 300-1000ms after the stimulus.
What is P300? It is a part of the brain wave observed in response to
familiar information.
When the brain recognizes something familiar, neurons are fired synchronously, thus showing changes in the brain activity.
It is these changes investigators look for to determine if the person recognizes the information or not.
ProcedureA sequence of words, pictures or
sounds is presented under computer control for a fraction of a second each.
Three types of stimuli are presented:
a) targets
b) irrelevant
c) probes
Procedure continuedThe targets consist of information known to
the suspect.
Irrelevant have no relation to the investigation.
Probes are the stimuli that are relevant to the situation under investigation.
Procedure continued:A subject who is not aware of the situation under
investigation can recognize two types of stimuli- target and irrelevant.
A subject who is aware of the situation under investigation can recognize all three types of stimuli- target, irrelevant and probe.
If information is present probes elicit P300 waves.
If information is absent probes are indistinguishable from the irrelevant, and thus probes do not elicit a P300 waves .
Computer controlledSubject’s interpretations during analysis will not affect
the results of the stimulus presentation.The entire brain finger printing system is under
computer control.
USING BRAIN WAVES TO USING BRAIN WAVES TO DETECT GUILTDETECT GUILT
Phases of brain fingerprintingPhases of brain fingerprinting
4 phases: • Crime Scene Evidence Collection.
• Brain Evidence Collection.
• Computer Evidence Analysis.
• Scientific Result.
Comparing with other technologies:
Fingerprints and DNA are available in only 1% of crimes.
No questions are asked and no answers are given during Farwell Brain Fingerprinting.
This technology depends on processing of brain information and not on emotional response of the subject.
Applications:Applications:
• Counter Terrorism
• Criminal Justice
• Medical field
AdvantagesAdvantages::
• More accurate compared to other techniques.
• Cost effective.
• Easy to identify criminals and terrorists.
• Prevents the culprits escaping from justice.
DisadvantagesDetecting criminals before they strike.
If the authorities have no information about what crime may have taken place, then this technology cannot be applied.
Future Enhancements
Basic Bootstrap algorithm is incorporated now. Researches are carried out to incorporate bootstrapping on single centered correlations, bootstrapping on positive and negative areas and peaks.
Conclusion:Conclusion:
• Brain Fingerprinting is a revolutionary scientific technology for solving crimes.
• This technology fulfills an urgent need for governments, law enforcement agencies, corporations, investigators, crime victims, and falsely accused, innocent suspects.
References
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_fingerprinting
[2] http://www.brainwavescience.com
Any questions
THANK YOU
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