Bromine-Enhanced Mercury Emission Control – an Update · 2020. 10. 26. · VOSTEEN Consulting...

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Bromine-Enhanced Mercury Emission Control – an Update

Prof. Dr. Bernhard W. Vosteen, Vosteen Consulting GmbH, KölnXavier Chaucherie, M.Sc., SARPI-Veolia, LimayDr. Gabor Fülöp, PAN Applied Chemistry GmbH, Kerpen

IRRC WEB CONGRESS WASTE-TO-ENERGY

OCTOBER 15 and 16, 2020

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Invention of theBromine-Enhanced-Mercury Oxidation-Technology (BEMO)

and its Early Development in Germany

„Going 20 years back!“

Extended Introductionto reconsider

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„Rückstandsverbrennungsanlage RVAD“ at the BAYER Site Dormagen

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Hg-CEMHg-CEM

„Halogenides as Mercury Oxidizers“ were tested at the BAYER Site Leverkusen-Bürrig already in 1993 and even more in 1999 – 2002

Bromides

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Spiking the Combustion Gases with HgMeasuring the Hg-concentrations with CEMs (Verewa/DURAG)

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Example: Bromine versus Chlorine

5Source: B. W. Vosteen et al., EP 1 386 655 B1

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Lhoist SorbalitAC/HOK + Ca(OH)2 + CaCO3

ChlorinatedLiquid Waste(Dichlorpropan, 75 % Cl)

CaBr2

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Source: B. W. Vosteen et al., DE 101 31 464 B4 9

„Sulfur Dosing Ramp“ – to avoid Corrosion by Sulfation, to reduce Free Halogens and PCDD/F

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Pre-combustion bromide addition onto the fired coal respectively in the hot fire-box in 2002 at the Industrial Power Plant N230 of CURRENTA GmbH & Co OHG in Uerdingen

Industrial Tests in Germany by BAYER AGwith Bromides and TMT15 starting already in 2001

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Invention of the BEMO-Technology in 2000and its Early Development in Germany

BEMO-Technology ExperiencesHazardous Waste Combustion,Municipal Solid Waste Combustion,Sewage sludge Co-combustion with CoalSewage Sludge Mono-combustion

Agenda

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15Evaluation of the snapshot-data from the two CEMs

before CaBr2 was injected

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Invention of the BEMO-Technology in 2000and its Early Development in Germany

BEMO-Technology ExperiencesHazardous Waste Combustion, Municipal Solid Waste Combustion,Sewage sludge Co-combustion with Coal,Sewage Sludge Mono-combustion

Agenda

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ENTEGA MSWC Darmstadt3 units (220.000 t waste/y)

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PRAVO®

Tests in 2008 (Dipl.-Ing. Ulrich Mielke)

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Invention of the BEMO-Technology in 2000and its Early Development in Germany

BEMO-Technology ExperiencesHazardous Waste Combustion, Municipal Solid Waste Combustion,Sewage sludge Co-combustion with CoalSewage Sludge Mono-combustion

Agenda

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Pre-combustion calcium bromide addition onto the fired coalin 2008 at the Industrial Power Plant N230 of CURRENTA GmbH & Co OHG in Uerdingen

Industrial Tests in Germany by BAYER AGat PC-fired Wet Bottom Boiler

with CaBr2 and PRAVO®

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NaCl

CaBr2

CaBr2 PRAVO®

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1000 liter IBC-container for the tested CaBr2-solution (52%), membrane dosing pumps with plastic tubings

and injection lances at each coal-feeder 21

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Invention of the BEMO-Technology in 2000and its Early Development in Germany

BEMO-Technology ExperiencesHazardous Waste Combustion, Municipal Solid Waste Combustion,Sewage sludge Co-combustion with CoalSewage Sludge Mono-combustion

Agenda

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Wastewater Treatment Plant Botrop of EGLV with 2 Fluidized Bed Combustors (FBC) for sewage sludge

23applying NaBr and PRAVO®100 since 2004

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Wastewater Treatment Plant Karlsruhe-Neureut with 2 Fluidized Bed Combustors (FBC) for sewage sludge

24applying NaBr and PRAVO®100 since 2008

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News

PRAVO®200 Storage and Dosing System installedat Lignite-fired Power Plant Schkopau (2 x 450 MWe) in 2020.

Commercial application of PRAVO®200 since 2 years

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Power Plant SCHKOPAU (lignite, 2 x 450 MWe)

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2 Units (2 x 450 MWe)with2 wet FGD spray towers each

PRAVO®200 dosage at 6 m levelinto the pressure side of two of thecirculation pump circuits at eachspray tower (in total 8 dosingpoints)

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2 Truck delivery tanks for PRAVO®20029

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Dosing tank (1,5 m3) Dosing system30

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Redundant Dosing Pumps of PROMINENTfor each wFGD-absorber

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News

Visit in January 2020 to PGE‘s Belchatów Power Plant (lignite- fired, 13 Units with in total 5,298 MWe), discussion of PGE‘s bromine-based tests at theirBelchatów and Turów Power Plants (as reported byPGE at ICMGP in Krakau, September 9th, 2019)

Tests of the BEMO-Technology at a German Coal-fired Power Plant (SDA, tail-end SCR) successfullyperformed in early 2020, attaining at stack 0.5 µg/Nm3

(dry, at 6 vol.-% O2)

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The world‘s largest lignite-fired Power Plant Belchatówwith in total 5298 MWe installed capacity

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Presentation Jerzy Sawicki et al. at ICMGP, September 9th, 2019 in Krakow33

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News

Project TRM MSW Incineration Turino (3 grate combustion lines, dry APCs with tail-end SCR) – testlicense granted, calcium bromide delivered (ICL IP), injection system under construction (WS Engineering)

Project HW Incineration (rotary kiln, ESP, wet FGD) in Italy (SARPI-VEOLIA)

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Presentation Giovanni Corti et al. at CEWEP, January 2020 in Dusseldorf35

Trattamento dei Rifiuti Metropolitani in Torino operates 3 grate combustion lines with in total

500,000 tonnes/year

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Presentation Giovanni Corti et al. at CEWEP, January 2020 in Dusseldorf36

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Precipitation Agents of PAN Chemie

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The inorganic precipitation agents of PAN Applied Chemistry are

PreciPAN®, PRAVO®100, PRAVO®200These are liquid agents containing

Polysulfides and Polythionates

forming - by adequate mixing into acidic milieu - the highly active

Polysulfanes H-S-S- .... -S-S-Hreducing dissolved Hgion to insoluble HgS 38

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acid added in toPrecipan after 1 min after 2 min

Mixing acid intoPreciPAN®:

Formation of sulfur

Dissolved Hgiondown from 520 mg/l to 391 mg/l

Precipitation agentnot highly effective

AcidColor:

grey, earthy

In case of acidic FGD, the precipitation effectivitystrongly depends on the way of mixing ...

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In case of acidic FGD, the precipitation effectivitystrongly depends on the way of mixing ...

Precipan added intoacidic solution leads to

„sulfane raw oil“ after 1 min after 2 min

Mixing thePreciPAN® into the

acid:

Formation of milkysolution of

Polysulfanes

Dissolved Hgiondown from 520

mg/l to 0,51 mg/l

Precipitation agenthighly effective

Color:

black

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Additional Appendix(not orally presented)

„No relevant PCDD/F and PXDD/F Emissions“

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see B. W. Vosteen et al., DE 101 31 464 B4

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Sulfur Addition is mitigatingFree Halogens and PXDD/F Denovo-Synthesis

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„Sulfur Addition is reducing X2 and likewise PCDD/F“

Tests in March 2000 at an Industrial FBI of BAYER Polymers LLC

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Tests in March 2000 at an Industrial FBI of BAYER Polymers LLC (USA)

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