Building next generation Digital Libraries in Bangladesh through cooperation, collaboration and...

Building next generation Digital Libraries in Bangladesh through cooperation, collaboration and

innovation

Hasina AfrozUniversity Librarian and Project Director

ILS, Discovery Tool, Institutional Repository, Drupal and RFID Project

Ayesha Abed Libraryhttp://library.bracu.ac.bd

BRAC University Library

2

• Dspace- Institutional Repository

• Koha - Integrated Library System (ILS)

• VuFind- Discovery Tool

• Drupal Website- Library Website using CMS

(2007-2015)

Ayesha Abed Library

Institutional Repository@BRACU library

Institutional Repository using Open Source Software Dspace funded by INASP, UK

- collect and preserve various teaching and learning materials and research outputs generated by BRACU academics, researchers and students and ensure access to these resources to the users.

April 2007- April 2008

(2007-2015)

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Institutional Repository@BRACU

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Integrated Library System@BRACU

A complete Integrated Library System (ILS) using Open Source Software Koha funded by ELSEVIER Foundation, UK

- implement a complete library automation system using open source software Koha and develop ourselves as local resource, and in turn help to build capacity in other libraries who may want to move to automation using Koha.

- Convert data from the existing library systems into International Standard format (MARC 21)

March 2009 – February 2010

(2007-2015)

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Integrated Library System (Koha)@BRACUhttp://library.bracu.ac.bd/opac

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Discovery Tool@BRACU

Next Generation Open Source Discovery Tool VuFind funded by INASP, UK

- to offer access and discover all of BRACU Resources (catalogue records, digital library items, institutional repository, databases, and e-journals) in one single search-and-browse system in a robust, and distributed digital environment.

(2007-2015)

May 2010-December 2010

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Discovery Tool (VuFind)@BRACUhttp://library.bracu.ac.bd/vufind

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Old Discovery Process

For Institutional Repository items

dspace.bracu.ac.bd

For Institutional Repository items

dspace.bracu.ac.bd

For ejournals –Publisher’s Databases

(40,000 ejournals)

For ejournals –Publisher’s Databases

(40,000 ejournals)

For BookLibrary Catalogue library.bracu.ac.bd

For BookLibrary Catalogue library.bracu.ac.bd

(2007-2015)

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New Discovery Process

Search Results

(2007-2015)

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2011

SMS Services@BRACU Library

(2007-2012)

RFID @BRACU Library

BRAC UniversityMoving toward a next-generation library

(2007-2015)

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Library Website in Drupal@BRACUhttp://library.bracu.ac.bd

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Mobile Library Website Project , 2013http://library.bracu.ac.bd/m

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2013

(2007-2012) (2007-2015)

Generation of Digital Library Development First

GenerationBRACU Library

Second Generation BRACU Library

Third Generation BRACU Library

Development of Online Catalogs

Experimentation Institutionalization

MARC Standard

√(MARC 21)

Remote Access to Catalogs

√ Integration of digital materials into library collections through a modular systems architecture

√ (Drupal)

ILS Systems √ (Koha) Abstracting/Indexing Services

√ Federated Search X

Cataloguing Cooperatives

X Electronic Journals/Databases

√ User Focus √

Institutional Repository/Digital library

√ (Dspace)

Discovery Tool √ (Vufind)

*Greenstein, Daniel.2002. Next-generation digital libraries. 14Ayesha Abed Library

Sources of Funding

• Grant funding- Elsevier Foundation (Integrated Library System Koha)

-INASP (MARC 21, Institutional Repository Dspace, Discovery Tool VuFind, CMS Drupal)

• Internal Funding – RFID, Library Mobile Site

(2007-2015)

COOPERATION, COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION

Building next generation Digital Libraries

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Network of IRs

• Establish a Network of Institutional Repositories in Bangladesh Academic Institutions to aggregate the digital research output (theses, dissertation etc ) of the member institutions into a single access point for end users.

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Network of IRs

BenefitExpand access to research and impact of

research both in Bangladesh and internationally.

Increase the amount and diversity of scholarly output

Preserve and maintain the research output of academic institutions in the long-term.

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Network of IRs

Benefit

Facilitate more timely access to research and scholarship Promote the use of standards and best practices, guaranteeing the international interoperability of their content through OAI-compliance and metadata standards

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Network of IRsModel

Centralized ModelDistributed ModelHarvesting Model

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Centralized Model (IRs)

Central IR

Institution 1

Institution 2

Institution 3

Institution 4

.

.

.

User sends out a search query

Central repository returns aggregated

result

Each InstitutionInputs their data into the central

repository

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Centralized Model (IRs)

Advantages Has complete control of the whole process from

article deposition through to the user interface Software selection Able to manage preservation issueDisadvantages It is an expensive option It may surpass the existing institutional repositories

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Distributed Model (IRs)

Virtual Interface

Institution 1

Institution 2

Institution 3

Institution 4

.

.

.

User sends out a search query

The intermediary virtual interface sends out the

search request to individual IR using protocols such as

Z39.50, SRU/W

Individual Institutional Repository

responds with the search results

User gets an aggregated result view through the virtual interface

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Distributed Model (IR)Advantages Providing up-to-date metadata as it provides instant

access to source locations of metadata Relatively very less expensive as compared to

centralized model

Disadvantages No enhancement of metadata Network dependent Not many IRs support Z39.50 or SRU/W

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Harvested Model

Virtual Interface

IR 1

IR 2

IR n -1

IR n

.

.

.

Harvests metadata from individual

repositoryProtocol: (OAI-PMH)

User sends in the search

query

Virtual Interface returns the

relevant search results

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Harvesting Model(IR)

Advantages• Unqualified Dublin Core is mandated to be

OAI-compliant, however, more complex metadata schemas can be employed.

• The institutional archives employ software which supports OAI-PMH

• Harvesting can be carried out by automatic scheduled tasks

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Harvesting Model(IR)

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DisadvantagesExposed metadata served by the services may

not always be updatedNeeds to support protocols like OAI-PMHEvery member Institution will need to follow a

fixed set of rules when entering metadata in their respective repositories for ensuring consistency.

Which Model to Select?

Harvesting Model• Harvesting model has many advantages as

compared to other models• It has gained worldwide acceptance• It makes easy to share information about

scholarly resources and to offer enhanced resource discovery tools.

• It has been adopted by thousands of institutions around the world.

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Establish a Union Catalogue

• Needs for Union Catalogue Discovery Resource Sharing Copy Cataloguing Cooperative Collection management

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Union Catalogue Models

• Distributed Virtual Union Catalog• Centralized Union Catalog

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Distributed Virtual Union Catalog Model

Virtual Catalog

Institution 1

Institution 2

Institution 3

Institution 4

.

.

.

User sends out a search query

The intermediary Virtual Catalog sends out the

search request to individual

institutional DB using protocols such as Z39.50

Individual Institutional DB

responds with the search results

User gets an aggregated result view through the Virtual Catalog

Local OPACs

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Distributed Virtual Union Catalog Model

• Advantages:Relatively easy to implementLess time and efforts requiredEasy to extend and Easy to disconnectReal time searching and retrieval in all

catalogs

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Distributed Virtual Union Catalog Model

• Disadvantages: Slower in retrieving results Limited sorting/relevance Duplicate Searching inefficiencies Varying quality Depends on availability of local OPACs

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Centralized Union Catalog Model

Central Catalog

Institution 1

Institution 2

Institution n -1

Institution n

.

.

.

User sends out a search query

Central Catalog returns aggregated

result

Each InstitutionInputs their library

catalog data into the Central Catalog

Local OPACs

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Centralized Union Catalog Model

Advantages:More accurate search resultsSuch results returned quickly for large groupsBuilt it once, less individual configuration

necessaryCentralizes the cost of technical supportMinimize Cataloging cost sharing bibliographic

recordsConsistent indexing and Searching policy 35Ayesha Abed Library

Centralized Union Catalog

Real-time informationDisadvantages:Problems in merging libraries which already

have their own library systemsRequires a greater degree of collaboration in

terms of cataloguing and indexing policiesRequires increase in network speed and

relibility

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Which Model to Select?

• What are we trying to achieve?• What are our current members using?• What standards are implemented?• What services we like to offer?

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Which Model to Select?

• Select Virtual Model ApproachMembers already have LIS Systems and OPACMembers uses different Systems, Catalogoing

Rules and StandardsDifficult to apply same standards and policiesTarget to support end users with greater

exposer and additional services

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Which Model to Select?• Select Centralized Model ApproachMembers don’t have LIS Systems and Online

Accessible Catalogues.Target to Unify cataloguing Rules and

Standards.Target to minimize cost, and control

cataloguingAt the same time target to support end users

with greater exposer and additional servicesOwn the appropriate network (Speed and

reliability)39Ayesha Abed Library

References

• Swan, A., & Awre, C.(2006) Linking UK repositories : technical & organisational models to support user-oriented services across institutional & other digital repositories. Retrieved from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140702233839/http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/programmes/digitalrepositories/linkingukrepositoriesreport.pdf

• Kumar, S. (2010) Establishing National Digital Repository System employing Harvesting Model www.naclin.org/Naclin2010/naclinndrs2010.ppt

• Hider, P., (2004) The bibliographic advantages of a centralised union catalogue for ILL and resource sharing, Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02641610410520224

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Thank You