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BUSI 240Introduction to Information
SystemsTuesday & Thursday 8:05am – 9:30am
Wyant Lecture Hall
Please initial the roster on the back table.
The course syllabus is available at:http://home.apu.edu/~jbirch/BUSI240
Or
http://online.apu.edu
Foundations of Information Systems in Business
Why should you study information systems?How does a firm use information systems?
What are the components of an information system?
Chapter
1a
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
10-3
Virus attacks Android phones in China: researchersA powerful virus targeting smart phones in China running Google Inc's Android operating system
may represent the most sophisticated bug to target mobile devices to date, security researchers said on Thursday.
Anti-virus firm Lookout Mobile Security estimates that the number of phones that have been infected by the virus, dubbed Geinimi, ranges from the tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands.
Current Events – What’s going on?
10-4
Verizon iPhone Unveiled, Apple Likely Prepping iPad 2, New MacBooksApple unveiled the Verizon iPhone 4 Jan. 11, which means it's time for analysts to focus more intensely on possible release dates for the next iPad and MacBooks.
Apple and Verizon unveiled a CDMA-based (Code Division Multiple Access-based) iPhone 4 at a high-profile event Jan. 11 in New York City. The announcement broke AT&T’s exclusive lock on the smartphone in the United States. http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops-and-Notebooks/Verizon-iPhone-Unveiled-Apple-Likely-Prepping-iPad-2-New-MacBooks-425001/
Current Events – What’s going on?
10-5
Snow in 49 States: Snow in 49 out of 50 StatesSince Tuesday the National Weather Service has reported that 49 out of the 50 states in the country has snow on the ground.
The only state without snow is Florida. Even Hawaii has seven inches of snow atop Mauna Kea. A little over 70 percent of the United States is currently covered in snow, which is more than double the number in December.
Meteorologists say that although this is very rare, it has happened before. On Feb. 10, 2010, 49 out of 50 states were white. During that occurrence Hawaii was the odd one out. On Jan. 19, 1977, all states with the exception of South Carolina had snow.http://www.longislandpress.com/2011/01/12/snow-in-49-states-snow-in-49-out-of-50-states/
Current Events – What’s going on?
Foundations of Information Systems in Business
Why should you study information systems?How does a firm use information systems?
What are the components of an information system?
Chapter
1a
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technology Changes will impact you and your career!
Goal of this course
To familiarize you with the concepts of Information Systems and Strategies that will assist you in managing your business.
Goal of this course (Cont’d)
Every role within a business is touched by information systems and information technology in one way or another. It is imperative that you, as an employee and future manager, be able to discern how information systems and information technology can assist you and provide the business with a competitive advantage.
1-10
Focus of this course
Primary focus is on Information SystemsSecondary focus is on Information
TechnologyIts not about the technology – technology changes
rapidly while information systems are longer lasting
Both Information Systems and Information Technologies can provide a significant competitive advantage for organizations.
What I expect you to know by the last class.
The difference between “data” and “information” The difference between “memory” and “storage” The difference between a kilobyte, megabyte,
gigabyte and terabyte The difference between ERP, CRM and SCM
systems
A few suggestions….
Your final grade is based on points – not on an accumulation of grades.
You start the class with zero points and earn your way to your final grade
If you have an issue or problem, communicate – send me an email
If you know you’re not going to meet the deadline for a quiz or assignment – email me BEFORE the deadline
If you miss a deadline on an assignment, turn it in late – partial points will be awarded.
1-13
Why study Information Systems and Information Technology?
Vital component of successful businesses Helps businesses expand and compete Businesses use IS and IT
To improve efficiency and effectiveness of business processes
For managerial decision making For workgroup collaboration
1-14
What is a system?
A system Is a set of interrelated components With a clearly defined boundary Working together to achieve a common set of
objectives
1-15
Information System
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
1-16
Basic Information System
TIMECARDPAYROLL
PAYCHECK
1-17
What is an Information System?
An organized combination of PeopleHardwareSoftwareCommunications networksData resourcesPolicies and procedures
That stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization
1-18
Information System (IS) versus Information Technology (IT)
IS is all the components and resources necessary to deliver information and functions to the organization
IT is hardware, software, networking and data management
In theory, IS could be paper based But we will focus on Computer-Based Information
Systems (CBIS)
1-19
IS Knowledge Framework for Business Professionals
1-20
What should a Business Professional know about IS?
Foundation Concepts: fundamental behavioral, technical, business and managerial concepts
Information Technology: Hardware, software, networks, data management and Internet-based technology
Business Applications: Major uses of the IS in the organization
Development Processes: How to plan, develop and implement IS to meet business opportunities
Management Challenges: The challenges of effectively and ethically managing IT
1-21
What does IS do for a business?
1-22
Business Applications expanding role over time
1-23
What is E-business?
The use of Internet technologies to work and empower business processes,
electronic commerce, and enterprise collaboration
within a company and with its customers, suppliers, and other business stakeholders.
An online exchange of value.
1-24
How e-business is being used
1-25
E-business use
Reengineer internal business processesEnterprise collaboration systems: support
communications, coordination and collaboration among teams and work groups, e.g., virtual teams
Electronic commerce: buying, selling, marketing and servicing of products and services over computer networks
1-26
Types of IS
1-27
Operations support systems
What are they?Efficiently process business transactionsControl industrial processesSupport communications and collaborationUpdate corporate databases
1-28
Types of Operations Support Systems
Transaction Processing SystemsRecord and process data from business
transactionsExamples: sales processing, inventory systems,
accounting systemsProcess Control Systems
Monitor and control physical processesExample: in a petroleum refinery use sensors to
monitor chemical processesEnterprise Collaboration Systems
Enhance team and work group communicationsExamples: e-mail, videoconferencing
1-29
Two ways to process transactions
Batch Processing:Accumulate transactions over time and process
periodicallyExample: a bank processes all checks received
in a batch at nightOnline Processing:
Process transactions immediatelyExample: a bank processes an ATM withdrawal
immediately
1-30
Management Support Systems
What are they?Provide information and support for effective decision
making by managers
1-31
Types of Management Support Systems
Management Information Systems (MIS)Provide reports and displays to managersExample: daily sales analysis reports
Decision Support Systems (DSS)Provide interactive ad hoc support for decision makingExample: A what-if-analysis to determine where to
spend advertising dollarsExecutive Information Systems (EIS)
Provide critical information for executives and managers
Example: easy access to actions of competitors
1-32
Operational or Management Systems
Expert SystemsProvide expert adviceExample: credit application advisor
Knowledge Management SystemsSupport creation, organization and dissemination of
business knowledge throughout companyExample: Intranet access to best business practices
1-33
Classifications of IS by scope
Functional business systemsFocus on operational and managerial applications of basic
business functionsExamples: support accounting, finance or marketing
Strategic information systemsHelp get a strategic advantage over its customersExamples: shipment tracking, e-commerce web systems
Cross-functional information systemsSystems that are combinations of several types of
information systemsProvide support for many functions
1-34
Challenges and Opportunities of IT
1-35
Measuring success of an IS
EfficiencyMinimize cost, time and use of information resources
EffectivenessSupport business strategiesEnable business processesEnhance organizational structure and culture Increase the customer and business value
What’s the difference between Efficiency and Effectiveness?
1-36
Developing IS Solutions
1-37
What is a system?
A system Is a set of interrelated componentsWith a clearly defined boundaryWorking together to achieve a common set of
objectivesBy accepting inputs and producing outputs in an
organized transformation process
1-38
Systems have three basic functions:
Input involves capturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed
Processing involves transformation process that convert input into output
Output involves transferring elements that have been produced by the transformation process to their ultimate destination
1-39
Cybernetic system
All systems have input, processing and outputA cybernetic system, a self-monitoring, self-
regulating system, adds feedback and control:Feedback is data about the performance of a systemControl involves monitoring and evaluating feedback to
determine whether a system is moving towards the achievement of its goal
1-40
A Cybernetic system
1-41
A business as a system
1-42
Information systems model
1-43
Components of an IS
PeopleEnd users: the people who use the IS or the
information from the ISIS specialists: the people who develop and operate IS
Hardware ResourcesAll physical devices used in information processingMachines, data media, peripherals
Software ResourcesAll information processing instructions including
programs and proceduresSystem software, application software and procedures
1-44
Components of an IS (cont.)
Data ResourcesFacts about the business transactionsProcessed and organized informationDatabases of organized data
Network ResourcesCommunications mediaNetwork infrastructure: hardware and softwareThe Internet, intranets and extranets
1-45
Data versus Information
Data are raw facts about physical phenomena or business transactions
Information is data that has been converted into meaningful and useful context for end users
Example:Sales data is names, quantities and dollar amountsSales information is amount of sales by product type,
sales territory or salesperson
1-46
IS Activities
Input of data resourcesData entry activities
Processing of data into informationE.g., calculate, compare, sort, classify, summarize
Output of information productsMessages, reports, forms and graphic images
Storage of data resourcesData elements and databases
Control of system performanceMonitoring and evaluating feedback
1-47
Recognizing IS
As a business professional, you should be able to look at an IS and identify
The people, hardware, software, data and network resources they use
The type of information products they produce The way they perform input, processing, output,
storage and control activities
1-48
IT Careers
Outsourcing of basic programming to India, the Middle-East and Asia-Pacific countries
Strong employment opportunities in other areas in IS
Shortage of qualified IS personnel Long-term job outlook positive and exciting
1-49
Career Opportunities in IS
1-50
Job growth
Among the fastest growing occupations through 2012Systems Analyst,Database administrators, Other managerial-level positionsNetwork specialistsInformation security
1-51
IS Function represents
Major functional area of businessImportant contributor to operational efficiency,
employee productivity, morale, customer service and satisfaction
Major source of information and support for effective decision making
Vital ingredient in developing competitive products and services in the global marketplace
Dynamic and challenging career opportunityKey component of today’s networked business
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