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California Weather
Climate vs. Weather
Climate:
Long term average conditions
Weather:
The conditions day to day
Climate vs. Weather
Climate:
Weather:
Water Year
Water Year
Hydrologic Water YearCalifornia:
October 1 – September 30
Precipitation
•Northern Sierra 8 Station Index Mt. Shasta City
Shasta Dam
Mineral
Brush Creek
Quincy
Sierraville
Pacific House
Blue Canyon
•San Joaquin 5-Station Index
Calaveras Big Trees
Hetch Hetchy
Yosemite Headquarters
North Fork
Huntington
Precipitation
PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model)
Winter Summer
SUN
More Heating Less Heating
SameSolar
Energy
200 MB
500 MB
700 MB
850 MB
1013 MB
0 +10 +20-10-20-30-40-50-60Degrees Centigrade
5,000 Feet
Sea Level
10,000 Feet
18,000 Feet
39,000 Feet
0 +10 +20-10-20-30-40-50-60
Troposphere; lowest layer
Temperature:Pressure:
Jet Stream
Jet Stream
Winter vs. Summer in California
Winter: Jet points toward CA
COLD From NW, Alaska
Winter Jet toward CA
Winter: Jet points toward CA
COLD From NW, Alaska
Winter Jet toward CA
Winter: Jet points toward CA
COLD From NW, Alaska
Winter Jet toward CA
Winter Jet toward CA
WARM: From West or SW “Pineapple Express” (Atmospheric Rivers)
Winter Jet toward CA
WARM: From West or SW “Pineapple Express” (Atmospheric Rivers)
DRY Summers: Jet points toward Washington, Canada
Summer Jet Stream
DRY Summers: Jet points toward Washington, Canada
Summer Jet Stream
DRY Summers: Jet points toward Washington, Canada
Summer Jet Stream
LWARM
COLD
Boundary between 2 air masses
Front
LWARM
COLD
Boundary between 2 air masses
Front
Air in motion caused High a Low Pressure
Wind
Air in motion caused High a Low Pressure
Speed measured with an anemometer
Wind
Air in motion caused High a Low Pressure
Speed measured with an anemometer
Direction described from which it is blowing
Wind
TemperatureHumidityPressureWind SpeedWind Direction
Radiosonde ; Weather Balloon
National Weather Service Launches twice daily 12 UTC (4 AM PST) and 00 UTC (4 PM PST)
H HLL
Weather Map
Demonstration-
Explaining
AIR PRESSURE!
CloudyRainy orWorsening
Surface Low Pressure
L cyclonic (counter- clockwise) convergence
H
anticyclonic (clockwise) divergence
Improving or clearing skies
Surface High Pressure
Moisture + Lift = Precipitation
Orographic Precipitation
Orographic Precipitation
Numerical Weather Prediction
Summary
Varying amounts of Sunlight create the jet stream and weather
A few storms per year determine most of State’s water supply
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