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Can design make life easier for people living with dementia?. Dr Hazel Boyd , User Interface Engineer Nina Evans, Occupational Therapist BIME Wendy Harkness, Dementia Adviser Manager Alzheimer’s Society www.bime.org.uk. Time orientation Task sequencing Keeping “in touch” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Can design make life easier for people living with dementia?
Dr Hazel Boyd , User Interface Engineer Nina Evans, Occupational Therapist
BIMEWendy Harkness, Dementia Adviser Manager
Alzheimer’s Society
www.bime.org.uk
• Time orientation• Task sequencing• Keeping “in touch”• The challenges of the
remote control
• Novel application of technology
• Research led – understanding needs, new applications of technology
• Team approach involving individuals, children & families, professionals and special interest groups
• Working with commercial partners to take designs from concept to production
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Time Orientation
“ an elderly person I know seeks reassurance many times a day if I am there
to ask what day it is”
“ I am a carer for my wife with mild vascular dementia. Her frequent question is to ask
for what day what time”
“ I am an OT working with people with dementia who get confused at 5 o’clock
particularly during the winter not knowing whether it is early morning or evening”
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Time Orientation
• Ability to tell what time it is • Distinguish between day and night• Link time to routine• Anxiety / distress
Features rated most useful to least useful• Day of week (most useful)• Time of day eg. morning / afternoon etc• Day or Night• Date• Link to calendar events
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Time Orientation “looks at it daily & knows
routine”“when he is arguing about what
day it is, we refer to it”“helps him to know what day it
is when he gets up” “she rang him (her son) to tell
them about the clock in her kitchen, she does not know where it came from but it is wonderful”
“ a great help to my dad who struggles to understand the concept of day or night- now he can be sure .. most of the time…
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Task Sequencing
The Challenge•People with dementia typically have short-term memory problems
What sort of task prompting works best?Dunhill Medical Trust
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Task Sequencing
Our approaches•Observing people with dementia carrying out tasks in their own homes•Scoring system to compare types of prompting
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Task Sequencing
Our methods•Compare prompting formats during standard tasks
– audio, picture, text, video, line animation, line drawings
•2 individual tasks
•Standard tasks -> knowledge -> individual tasks– Emptying dishwasher, locking door, making tea… trivial tasks??
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Task Sequencing
Findings•Text and audio work well•Individual tasks => complexity!•People can read, and can learn!•Simple prompts can be the answer, e.g. door locking:
…And if you lose the flow do you think to press the button?
……Yes I know that that will always do it. Yes I know that that will always do it. (Person with dementia)
……I used to always have to explain it …I'd go back and check it …now I I used to always have to explain it …I'd go back and check it …now I actually …[do] not have to think about it. actually …[do] not have to think about it. (Partner of person with dementia)
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Keeping “InTouch”
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
The Challenge•Dementia -> Social isolation
socialtechpop.com
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Keeping “InTouch”
Our approaches
•3 focus groups
•Iterative design in day centre
•Home testing
BIME + RICE + University of Bath
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Keeping “InTouch”
Our findings•Others worry that it will be confusing
•People with dementia can use it!
•Waving; being seen
•Telephone + touchscreen + clear, simple choices
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Keeping “InTouch”
Our findingsFeatures•Picture in picture •Camera pan and zoom•Mobile camera
Coming up…Home testing phase in pairs
Real-life testing!
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
The challenges of using the TV remote
“can't remember what the buttons mean - plus there are too many buttons. The buttons are too small The TV appears to do things I haven’t told it to do I don't understand the TV guide” Quote from questionnaire respondent
Postal questionnaire 2011
99 completed responses
70% very important to be able to watch TV independently were experiencing moderate to severe difficulty doing so
“ ..once dementia became very obvious the television (became) more and more important until it is left on all day. At the same time his ability to operate the television declined and became impossible..” Quote from
respondent
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
The challenges of using the TV remote
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
The challenges of using the TV remote
Enjoyment ranged from active participation
“I like quizzes to keep brain active like countdown” Quote from respondent
to more passive enjoyment“ she laughs at the
children’s programmes- seems to respond to animation ,colours,
sounds… the tv is company in her room” Quote from
respondent
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
The challenges of using the TV remote
69% of all respondents watched 5 or fewer
channels
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Develop the interface• Iterative user driven design process• Greatest ratio between functionality & simplicity• Meet changing needs to suit user profile• Personalised choices • Facilitate sequencing of task • Automation
Engage with manufacturers
The challenges of using the TV remote
DevelopmentDesign ConceptsOverview Design Approach Areas of Need
Acknowledgements
• BIME Network of research participants and their carers• Alzheimer’s Support Wiltshire• Peggy Dodd Centre / Polebarn Club• Wendy Harkness & Alzheimers Society Midlands Central• Sam Hawksley Mechanical Design Engineer Bath University • Research Institute for the Care of Older People (RICE)
OUR FUNDERS• Dunhill Medical Trust
• Sobell Foundation / Sir James Reckitt Charity / D’Oyley Carte Charitable Trust / Philip King Charitable Trust
• Research Councils UK (Digital Economy)
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