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Sections: Part 1: Persia’s Empire Part 2: First Persian War Part 3: Second Persian War
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CH 7: Ancient GreeceLesson 3
World HistoryMr. Rich
Miami Arts Charter
Sections: Part 1: Persia’s Empire
Part 2: First Persian War
Part 3: Second Persian War
Section 1: Persia’s Empire Building the Empire (540 BCE)
Cyrus the Great conquers Mesopotamia, Syria, Judah, and Anatolia
Royal Road links heart of empire
Persian Government Divided into satrapies (provinces)
Section 1: Persia’s Empire
Zoroastrianism Founded by Zoroaster in 600 BCE Followers worship Ahura Mazda “Wise Lord” Duality between “good” and “evil”
Question: How did Persian Rulers unite their vast empire?
Section 2: First Persian War
War Begins (490 BCE) Athenians support revolt in Anatolia Revolt crushed by Darius Darius sends fleet to attack Greece
Battle of Marathon 10,000 Athenian soldiers against 20,000 Persian
Soldiers Athenians won’t attack Persians Persians load cavalry onto ships to attack Athens Athenian army then attacks and destroys Persian army Greek victory
The Phalanx
Section 3: Second Persian War War begins (480 BCE)
Xerxes (son of Darius) swears revenge Persians send an army of 200,000 soldiers Greeks raise an army of 7,000 to defend Athens
Battle of Thermopylae King Leonidas of Sparta leads Greek army Stalls the Persian army at a mountain pass Battle lasts three days Greeks betrayed by local who tells the Persians how
to get around the mountains and attack the Greeks from behind
Section 3: Second Persian War Athens attacked
Persian army marches to Athens Themistocles ordered city abandoned Takes fleet of ships to island of Salamis Athens is burned by Persians
Battle of Salamis Greeks lure Persian fleet to the island of Salamis Persians move large fleet up a narrow straight Smaller Greek fleet of triremes destroys Persian
fleet Xerxes flees back to Persia
Greek Triremes
Section 3: Second Persian War Persian Defeat
Greek army fights remaining Persian army at Plataea (479 BCE)
Persians defeated - peace eventually declared in 449 BCE
Persia never fully recovers from war and begins a slow decline
Question: After the losses in Greece, why did the Persians
grow unhappy with their government?
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