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Church is still recovering from the Reformation
Faced with intellectual and political movements that at times appeared to threaten the church’s fundamentals and existence
On loose leafOn loose leaf
Why are people intolerant of beliefs different from their own?
Consider intolerance to religious beliefs…cite two examples of peoples negativity toward others’ religions
What groups today are persecuted? Why are they persecuted?
Europe as a BattlefieldEurope as a Battlefield
Gunpowder PlotThirty Year’s WarCatholic intoleranceWitch Hunts
New Styles of Religious LifeNew Styles of Religious Life
New styles to respond to the great needs of the people
Respond with compassionWere founded to serve the poor, the sick,
the ignorant, and the homeless
Vincentians and the Daughters of Vincentians and the Daughters of CharityCharity
Vincent de PaulOrganizes the Ladies of Charity to feed
the homeless and clothe the sickEstablished a band of priests who walked
the countryside preaching and teaching
Daughters of CharityDaughters of Charity
Founded by Louise de MarrilacRealized service to the poor was essential
to the Church’s missionRan hospitals, hospices, orphanages and
schoolsCharted a new course for women in the
Church
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Christians who serve poor people should live as much as possible in the lifestyle of the poor.
The Christian BrothersThe Christian Brothers
Founded by John de la SalleStarted schoolsFounder of modern education
◦Classrooms◦Language◦Variety of subjects
The EnlightenmentThe Enlightenment
New attitude toward lifeFocused on science and reasonIt challenged Church beliefs and existence
RationalismRationalism
The universe was regulated completely and reasonably by universal natural laws
Did not need the Bible or religious truthSkeptical of personal God revealed in
JesusDeists: rationalist philosophers who
believed God was distant and removed from the world
EmpiricismEmpiricism
All knowledge came solely from the senses or experience
What people saw, heard, touched…was only basis for knowledge
David Hume used philosophy to try to prove that God did not exist
Sir Isaac Newton
Galileo Galileo
Earth moved around the sunSeemed to go against the Creation
accountCondemned by the church for his beliefs1992 John Paul II
Religion and governmentReligion and government
Questions about bothMonarchies “divine right”Rousseau’s Social Contract Theory
◦Government by consent of the peopleChurch was attacked
◦Religious nationalism◦Church would rule itself through its own king
appointed bishops
SecularismSecularism
The exclusion of religious meaning or considerations from the affairs of human life
Separate the church and state◦Even oppress
French RevolutionFrench Revolution
Turmoil for the people and the ChurchNapoleon Pope imprisonedPapal StatesOverthrownFrance returns to small monarchyChurch begins anew
◦Lost wealth and prestige
ThinkThink
Agree or disagree with this statement: The worldwide church and local churches are better off without wealth and power.
Pope Pius IXPope Pius IX
Loses the Papal StatesClaims to be a “prisoner of the Vatican”Fears the pope will not be able to travel
freely in ItalyIt also generated money for the
administration
Pius IX (continued)Pius IX (continued)
Longest papacy in historyMoral and spiritual authorityAsserted dogma of Immaculate
ConceptionEncouraged all countries to build
seminaries in RomeWrote Syllabus of ErrorsCalled Vatican I
◦Infallibility
John Henry NewmanJohn Henry Newman
Anglican convert to CatholicismSaid liberal arts education was consistent
with the ChurchDeep respect for intellectual inquiry and
learningFaith and reason are not at odds
ThinkThink
Do you think that free intellectual inquiry is not only compatible with Catholic faith but encouraged by it?
Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution
Machines producing goodsPeople flocked to cities but they were
crowded dirty and disease riddenExploited workers
◦Low wages◦Unsafe working conditions◦Children working
MarxismMarxism
Karl Marx-father of modern communismTheory of property and ownership and
classless society that is the opposite of capitalism
Pope Leo XIIIPope Leo XIII
Rerum Novarum◦Workers have rights to just wages and
decent working conditions, to trade unions and collective bargaining with management
◦Extreme socialism and extreme capitalism are bad for a society
Beginning of Catholic social justice teaching◦Christianity emphasizes both the dignity of
the human person and the common good of society
DarwinismDarwinism
Movement that held the theory of evolution
Led the church to further scholarship and biblical study
Today Catholic scholars find no contradiction between a theory of evolution and Creation story in the bible
ConclusionsConclusions
Church as primarily a spiritual and moral force
Separated from the state the church could criticize society
Identified more with rights of workers and poor people
ImplicationsImplications
1. Religious intolerance still exists today2. Religious orders were models and still
exist today3. Catholic Social Justice Teaching4. Christians need not be afraid of free
intellectual and scientific inquiry.
Dream JobDream Job What is your dream job? (must be a
real job) Answer 5 questions
1. What is the best thing about your job?2. How would you describe the income level
of your dream job?3. Do you think that your dream job will help
your relationship with God? Why or why not?
4. How could your dream job help others?5. Based on your responses, what is most
important to you?
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