Chapter # 13 – Interspecific Competition (pg. 258 – 280)

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.1 – Interspecific Competition Involves Two or More Species.

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

Six different types of interactions:

1. Consumption (of a shared resource)2. Preemption (sessile – occupation precludes establishment)3. Over-growth (plants – when one overgrows another)4. Chemical Interaction (released chemicals inhibit or kill)5. Territoriality (behavioral exclusion)6. Encounter (Non-territorial meetings w/negative effects)

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

dNDt

= rN (K – N)K

Logistic Growth Equation for 1 species:

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Logistic Growth Equation for 2 species:

rN (K – N)K

= rN (K – N)K

Species 1 Species 2

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Logistic Growth Equation for 2 species:

rN (K – N)K

= rN (K – N)K

Species 1 Species 2

β – competition coefficient of sp. #1 on sp. #2.α – competition coefficient of sp. #2 on sp. #1.

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Logistic Growth Equation for 2 species:Species 1

α – competition coefficient of sp. #2 on sp. #1.

dN1

dt = r1N1

(K1 – N1 – αN2)K1

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Zero GrowthIsoclines

Vittora Volterra

Alfred Lotka

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Lotka-Volterra Model for Competition

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Lotka-Volterra Model for Competition

13.3 – Laboratory Experiments Support the Lotka-Volterra Equations.

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

G. F. Gause

David Tilman

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.2 – There Are Four Possible Outcomes of Interspecific Competition.

13.4 – Studies Support the Competitive Exclusion Principle.

The Competitive Exclusion Principle:

“Complete Competitors cannot Coexist”

2 speciesNon-interbreeding populations

Live in the sample and timePossess exactly the same ecological requirements

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.5 – Competition is Influenced by Nonresource Factors.

Chapter #13 – Interspecific Competition(pg. 258 – 280)

13.6 – Temporal Variations in the Environment Influences Competitive Interactions.