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Chapter 2: Utah’s Geology
Natural Forces Shapethe Land of Utah
Bell ActivityDefine “fracture” and “fault” in your study
guide. Find the word on your study guide and complete the following
information for the word.Find the definition using a glossary.Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the
definition.
Then work on your dinosaur reading from yesterday, and answer questions 6-8 on your study guide.
Where should your backpack be?
This is a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Does your work look something like this?
word: fracture My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Definition: Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:
Does your work look something like this?
word: fracture My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Definition: a broken surface or crack Draw a picture of it:
Sentence: The fracture in the earth
showed where the fault was located.
Synonym/Example: break, crack; fault
Antonym/Non-Example: solid, unbroken
Does your work look something like this?
word: fault My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Definition: Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/Example:
Antonym/Non-Example:
Does your work look something like this?
word: fault My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Definition: a fracture in the Earth’s Draw a picture of it:
surface
Sentence: The fault generated a large
earthquake that caused considerable
damage.
Synonym/Example: break; Wasatch, San Andreas
Antonym/Non-Example: solid, unbroken
Bell ActivityRead page 34-35 in your textbook. Answer questions 11-18 on your study
guide.If you finish early, work on other
questions in the study guide.The test is four school days away! Get
the Study Guide done!! Where should your backpack be?
This is a no gum class. Please dispose of it properly!
Today we will be learning about…
Social Studies Objective – We will be able to identify anddescribe the natural processes that have shaped Utah.
Behavior Objective – Work Ethic: We will stay on task and complete our work.
Language Objective –
We will be able to use what we learn to write an outline for an essay.
Natural Forces Shape Utah
Mountain Building Faults
Volcanoes Erosion
Natural Forces Shape Utah
Mountain Building
Faults
Volcanoes
NameHourDate
Our Environment has been shaped & continues to be shaped
by natural forces.
Mountain Building
How were the mountains we see here in Logan created?– They began to be
created in the late Mesozoic era and early part of the Cenozoic era.
– Plate movements have created forces that changed the land and created mountains.
Plates moving together
The Atlantic and Pacific plates are in continual movement.
When they push together they can create mountains.
Other plates around the world do this too.
Mountain Ranges in Utah
Many of our mountains are new, in geologic time.
The Uinta’s are much older. – Do you notice anything
unusual about the Uinta’s when you compare them to the other ranges in Utah?
Mountain Building
The Rocky Mountains are unusual. They were not created in the typical way.
The Rockies Video
Faults shape the earth
Where plates create stress in the Earth’s surface, the crust can break.
Faults are fractures in the Earth’s surface.– They are often where
there are mountains.
There are three basic types of faults.
Three types of Faults animation
Strike-slip faults
Normal faults
Reverse faults
Logan is also located near a fault
Cache Valley is a special kind of valley/basin created by a normal fault. This special landform is called a graben.
Grabens & Horsts
Utah’s Faults
90% of Utah’s population live on a fault line.
Earthquakes occur where there are fault lines.
Earthquake safety is an important thing to talk about at school and at home.
Did you know that Utah has all three types of volcanoes?
Three Main Types of Volcanoes*
The three main types of volcanoes differ in shape, size, and make-up; the differences partly result from the different types of eruptions.
Volcano Type
Volcano Shape Volcano
Size Volcano Materials
Eruption Type
Utah Example
Cinder Cone Steep conical hill with straight
sides
Small less than
300m high cinders Explosive
Diamond Cinder Cone,
Washington County
Shield Volcano
Very gentle slopes; convex
upward (shaped like a warrior’s shield)
Large over 10s of kms across
fluid lava flows (basalt)
Quiet Cedar Hill,
Box Elder County
Stratovolcano Gentle lower slopes, but steep upper slopes; concave upward
Large 1-10 km in diameter
numerous layers of lava and
pyroclastics Explosive
Mount Belknap, Tushar
Mountains, Paiute County
Utah’s volcanoes are so old they are hard to see.
Shield Volcano - Cedar Hill, located north of Great Salt Lake, bears a resemblance to several Haw aiian shield volcanoes. The
volcano is approximately 1,150,000 years old.
Cinder Cone - Diamond Cinder Cone is one o f several cinde r cones near St. George in Washin gton County, Utah. The cone is
approximately 27,000 years old.
The Tushar Mountains in Central Utah are stratovolcanoes.
Volcanoes in Utah
Volcanoes have played a role in Utah’s past. They also influence our economics in Utah.
Volcanoes bring minerals to the surface of the earth that can be mined.
Some types of natural resources are brought to the surface by these forces.
Gems stones are formed deep beneath the earth. They are brought to the surface through volcanic activity.
Other minerals are also brought to the surface in this way.– This is why Kennecott
Mine, in the Oquirrh Mountains, has copper.
Want to have a fun and profitable weekend? Try visiting Topaz
Mountain!
Bixbyite
Topaz
Topaz Mountain
Wearing away the mountains
Utah has also been shaped by other forces, such as wind, water, & ice.
These forces create weathering and erosion that reshape mountains, valleys, and our environment.
Other types of minerals were created by other natural forces.
Coal Oil Shale (Fossil fuel clip) Salt Building stones (marble, granite, quartz, etc.) Gravel & sand (left behind by Lake Bonneville)
What do you think?
What are some of the environmental issues associated with mining and refining of minerals?
What are some ways these problems can be solved?
What if the problem can’t be solved easily or cheaply? What then should people do?
Utah is an environment shaped by many natural forces.
Essay practice: Let’s use what we have just learned to create an essay outline.
How do natural forces shape our environment?
Then close your paragraph by restating your main idea.
Truly, Utah's landscape has been shaped by many natural forces.
? ?
Plate movement(Examples?)
? ?
Water(Examples?)
? ?
Wind(Examples?)
Main IdeaUtah has been and is shaped in many ways by different natural forces.
(What are some of the things we have talked about that have changed Utah's environment?)
Now try it for yourself.
How have discoveries made in Utah improved our understanding of dinosaursin the past and in the present?
Utah's dino past?Significance?
Conclusion?Why does Utah matter?
Utah's dino present?Significance?
Main Idea?Think about the things that we talked about when we learned about dinosaurs in class.
Today you can use the organizer you made to help you find some facts quickly.
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