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Chapter 26 Section 2The “Great Society”
Lyndon Johnson’s Rise to the Presidency
Member of the House of representatives-1937
Won a Senate seat in 1948
Senate Majority Leader- 1955
Kennedy’s Vice President in 1961
President 1963
Great Society
Johnson’s legislative agenda
Wanted to provide government assistance to the poor, improve the economy, improve the education system, and improve the environment
Head Start
Great Society program
Preschool program for children from low-income families that also provides health care, nutrition services, and social services.
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Great Society program
Significantly increased federal funding for public schools
Volunteers in Service to America
VISTA
Great Society Program
Sent volunteers to help people in poor communities
Medicare
Great Society Program
Provides hospital and low cost medical insurance to most Americans age 65 and older.
Medicaid
Great Society Program
Provides low-cost health insurance coverage to poor Americans of any ago who cannot afford their own private health insurance
Immigration Act of 1965
Replaced quota system with a limit of 20,000 immigrants per year from any one country outside the Western Hemisphere. The act set overall limits
of 170,000 immigrants from the Eastern Hemisphere and 120,000 from the Western Hemisphere.
Under President Johnson, how did the role of the federal government
change
Government become more activist
The primary focus of Johnson’s Great Society program was to vastly increase the federal government’s role in tackling social problems
He desired to demonstrate the government’s commitment to provide help to needy Americans
Warren Court
The Supreme Court of the Kennedy-Johnson years under Chief Justice Earl Warren
Overturned many old laws and rulings and established new legal precedents
Roth v. United States
The Supreme Court made the first attempt to define obscenity
Ruled that obscene materials were “utterly without redeeming social importance.”
Griswold v. Connecticut
1965
The court struck down a Connecticut law that prohibited the use of birth control
Engel v. Vitale
1962
The Court ruled that religious prayer in public schools was unconstitutional according to the 1st Amendment principle of separation of church and state.
Mapp v. Ohio
1961
Established the exclusionary rule, which states that evidence seized illegally cannot be used in a trial.
Gideon v. Wainwright
1963
Stated that suspects in criminal cases who could not afford a lawyer had the right to free legal aid.
Escobedo v. Illinois
1964
Ruled that accused individuals had to be given access to an attorney while being questioned.
Miranda RuleMiranda v. Arizona
1966
Stated that suspects must be warned of his or her rights before being questioned
Right to remain silent, anything they say can and will be used against them in court, right to an attorney, if they cannot afford one, one will be provided for them
Apportionment
The distribution of seats in a legislature among electoral districts Over the years, many
Americans had moved from rural to urban districts, but most state governments had not reapportioned their electoral districts to reflect that fact.
Baker v. Carr
1962
Declared that state legislative districts had to be divided on the basis of “one man, one vote.” Each person’s vote should
carry the same weight, regardless of where in the state the person lived Prevented the party I
power from drawing district lines in unfair ways to give itself more potential votes
Reynolds v. Sims
1964
The Court held that state legislative districts not based on the “one man, one vote” formula violated the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment
Why might some oppose some of the rulings of the Warren Court?
Many people believed the court was too liberal
Too much federal intervention into state matters
Protects the rights of accused criminals more than the rights of the victims
Effects of the Great Society
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