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Chemical Reactions and Chemical Reactions and EnzymesEnzymes
What is a chemical reaction?What is a chemical reaction?
• Changes or transforms chemicals into other chemicals
• Ex: Iron + Oxygen Iron Oxide (rust)
• What is the product?
• What are the reactants?
Energy Is RequiredEnergy Is Required
• Energy can be either given off or absorbed for a chemical reaction to occur
• Identify the type of reaction as either endothermic or exothermic by the graphs to the right:
Activation EnergyActivation Energy
• Energy needed to start a reaction
• Identify the activation energy supplied for the following chemical reactions
1) Building a Fire
2) Turning on a Light
3) Starting a Car
CatalystCatalyst
• Any substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a reaction.
Enzymes Baby!!!!!!Enzymes Baby!!!!!!
• Describe what enzymes “do” using the graph below:
EnzymesEnzymes
• Enzymes are proteins made by the cell to speed up the chemical reactions.
Properties of EnzymesProperties of Enzymes
1. Lowers activation energy2. Speeds up a reaction3. Can be used repeatedly4. Shape specific (substrate)**If shape is altered, enzyme cannot functionAnimations
http://www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html
Factors That Affect Enzyme ActivityFactors That Affect Enzyme Activity
• High Temperature (boiling )
• Extreme pH – (acid/base)
• Changes enzyme shape
Denaturing an EnzymeDenaturing an Enzyme
• A change in the shape of the active site on the enzyme
What life molecule are enzymes What life molecule are enzymes a part of???a part of???
PROTEINS!
• Enzymes = speed up reactions (to break down substances)
• Substrate= a molecule which is acted upon by an enzyme (the reactant)
““ase”ase”• Enzymes have an ending “ase”
• It helps you identify which one is the enzyme and which one is the substrate.
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