Chemistry

Chemistry

• Everything!• All the “stuff” of the universe is matter.– All matter is made up of atoms.– Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that has

properties.• Matter can be pure substances (a single type

of matter) or not (lots of kinds of matter.)

What’s the matter?

Professor Atom G. Nius

• Elements are the types of atoms. – There are over 112

known elements.– Elements are found on

the periodic table which arranges them by increasing atomic number and shared properties.

The model!

• Atoms are made up of sub-atomic parts.

Part Abbreviation charge

Proton p+ positive

Electron e- negative

Neutron η neutral

Give me some props…

• Physical properties are a characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed and changed without changing the substance itself.

• Chemical properties are a characteristic of a pure substance that can only be observed when the substance is being changed into a new substance.

Properties ‘R Us

Atom and Eve

• Creating chemical bonds between different types of atoms forms a compound.

• A compound is a pure substance made of more then one type of element.

• http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/bonding/bondingflashes/bond_types.swf

Not so pure…

• Mixtures are the mixing of two or more pure substances.– Homogenous mixtures look the same at all places

in the mixture (you can’t see the ingredients)– Heterogeneous mixtures look different in places

(you can see the ingredients)• Mixtures can be separated (with work).

Time to work!

• Energy is the ability to do work.– Kinetic energy: matter in motion.– Potential energy: position.– Chemical energy: bonds.– Thermal energy: particle motion.– Electrical energy: charges.– Electromagnetic energy: wave energy.

Turn, turn, turn…

• Physical and chemical changes ALWAYS include a change in energy!!!

It’s the law!

• Law of conservation of mass!!!!• Law of conservation of energy!!!!