Chronology of INSAT systems - brilliancecollege.com · Structure of INSAT INSAT-3C described ......

The second of the third genera-tion INSAT series – the INSAT-3C isto be launched between September 10to 15 by France’s Arianespace fromKourou in French Guiana. The launchwould cost around $11.7 million.Structure of INSAT

INSAT-3C described as a ‘verybig’ satellite would carry 36 transpon-ders – 24 in normal C-Band and 12 inextended C-Band.Objectives

It is largely to make up for thedepletion caused by the failure ofINSAT-2D and also to transfer the ca-pacity from INSAT-2C whose life is toend soon.INSAT system

The Indian National Satellite Sys-tem (INSAT) is a multi-purpose satellitesystem for telecommunications, meteo-rological observations, data relay, tele-vision broadcasting, radio and televisionprogramme distribution. It is a joint ven-ture of Department of Space (DoS), De-partment of Telecommunications (DoT),Indian Meteorological Department(IMD), All India Radio (AIR) andDoordarshan. DoS is directly respon-

sible for establishment and operation ofINSAT’s space segement.First INSAT

The first of the INSAT system wasINSAT-IB commissioned in 1983.INSAT’s presently in use

The INSAT system presently con-sists of INSAT-ID, INSAT-2B, INSAT-2C, INSAT-2E, INSAT-2DT andINSAT-3B.INSAT system’s achievementsThe INSAT system has helped India in

innumerable ways through:i) expansion in television coverage

to over 85 percent of India’s popu-lation;

ii) has enabled Indian television toreach beyond Indian boundariesand cater to the population fromSouth East Asia to Middle East;

iii) help introduce educational televi-sion service introduced both atuniversity level in the national net-

work and at primary school levelin several States including AndhraPradesh, Orissa, Maharashtra,Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh;

iv) meteorological data gatheringwith VHRR instrument on boardINSAT and its dissemination, hasvastly improved weather forecast-ing in the country;

v) has helped provide nationwidedata communication links betweendistrict and state capitals by en-abling the National Informatic Cen-tre (NIC) to set up more than 800micro-terminals;

vi) the availability of INSAT-2C,INSAT-2E and INSAT-3B has en-abled starting of business commu-nication in ku band.

INSAT-3B has the first set of tran-sponders for Vidya Vahini whichis to be exclusively used for inter-active training and developmen-tal communications

Chronology of INSAT systemsINSAT YEAR Launched fromINSAT-1B August 30, 1983 US space shuttle Ariane rocketINSAT-1C July 21, 1988 from Kourou in French GuyanaINSAT-1D June 12, 1990 US Delta rocketINSAT-2B July 23, 1993 Ariane rocket from Kourou in

French GuyanaINSAT-2C December 28, 1995 Ariane rocket from Kourou in

French GuyanaINSAT-2D June 4, 1997 Ariane rocket from Kourou in

French GuyanaINSAT-2E April 3, 1999 Ariane rocket from Kourou in

French GuyanaINSAT-3B March 22, 2000 Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou in

French Guyana

The United Nations DevelopmentProgramme (UNDP) has released itsHuman Development Report (HDR)-2001. The report has ranked the coun-tries based on the Human DevelopmentIndex (HDI). HDI is based on a com-bined measure of longevity educationalattainment and ability to buy goods andservices.

India and HDR: India is ranked115th. This is 34 places below Sri Lanka.India is among the 11 developing coun-tries on course to meet the goal of halv-ing poverty by 2015. Bangalore, India’sSilicon Valley, scored 13 out of the 16points as global hub of technologicalinnovations. India, however, is not listedamong technology leaders or potentialleaders, but with 26 dynamic adopters.It also pointed out that India was losing$2 billions annually through brain drain.Other highlightsi) expressed concern over disparities

in the spread of technologies bothbetween and within countries.

ii) expressed the need for stepping upresearch efforts in four principalareas – vaccines for Malaria, HIVand TB; high-yielding pest-resis-tant and drought-tolerant varitiesof staple foods in Asia and Africa;low-cost computers and wirelessconnectivity for the poor; and low-cost energy systems.

iii) pointed out as to how the conceptof intellectual property rights hadbeen subverted by the developedworld in its favour. It called upondeveloping countries to secure theirinterests.

iv) decried the link established be-tween technology and develop-ment. It wanted the use of technol-ogy as one of the means to reducepoverty and not as a panacea forall ills faced by poor countries.

HDR-2001 released by UNDP

OTHER REPORTSReports Released byWorld Bank Development Report – World BankGlobal Development Finance Report – World BankWorld Economic Outlook – International Monetary Fund (IMF)Global Environment Outlook – United Nations Environment

Programme (UNEP)World Economic and Social Survey – United NationsAsian Development Outlook – Asian Development Bank (ADB)Poverty Report – United Nations Development

Programme (UNDP)World Disasters Report – International Federation of Red

Cross and Red Crescent SocitiesGlobal Competitiveness Report – IMD, GenevaWorld FDI Report – United Nations Conference on Trade

REPORTS IN INDIAReport on Currency and Finance – Reserve Bank of IndiaEconomic Survey – Ministry of FinanceWholesale Price Index – Central Statistical OrganisationNational Accounts Statistics – Ministry of IndustryIndia Human Development Report – National Council of Applied Eco-

nomic ResearchIndia Development Report – Indira Gandhi Institute of Develop-

ment Research

v) it called upon poor developingcountries to blend technology withtheir public policy that sought tobring development. But it alsowarned them to ensure that tech-nology did not sweep developmentoff its feet.

The UNDP-HDR-2001 has beencriticised for being pro-multinationaland distinctly anti-poor. It is seen asan “unabashed pat on the back forhi-tech bandwagon on which a mi-nority of powerful elites are to evengreater riches and more power.

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2002. Exemption of all agricultural income tax for assessee

other than companies for one year. Sales Tax slashed from eight to four percent on all goods

included in Centre’s IT policy. Annual plan size reduced by Rs. 586 crore. Additional revenue mobilisation of Rs. 456 crore. Liquor, branded bread, silk sarees to cost more. Special Development Fund for MLAs. Rs. 25 lakh to

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¯n Ct¸mÄ \ne-\n¡p¶sX¶mWv [h-f-]-{X-¯n-eqsS P\-§Ä¡v a\-Ên -em -¡m³ km[n -¡p¶Xv.What is a ‘White Paper’?

White Paper is an official docu-ment of the government speciallypublished to make people aware ofthe facts and figures related an im-portant issue of national signifi-cance.

Immediately after Operation Bluestar in 1984, Govern-ment of India had published a White Paper on the issue.

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Blue Book : British Green Book : Italy & France Orange Book : Netherlands White Book : Germany & China White Paper : India Gray Book : Japan & Belgium