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Civil Rights1960’s

Unit 9 Contemporary U.S.

Lecture #1

Updated by SMHS Staff 03-26-10

AZ State Sdn S1C9PO2A-F

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Objectives

• Describe the aspects of America on

post WWII domestic policy

–Civil Rights

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Timeline:

• 1954 Brown v.

Board of Education

• 1955 Montgomery

Bus boycott

• 1957 Desegregation

at Little Rock

• 1960 Sit-in

Campaign

• 1961 Freedom

Rides

• 1962 Mississippi

Riot

• 1963 Birmingham

• 1963 March on

Washington

• 1965 Selma

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I. Sit-in Campaign

• Sit-ins at lunch counters to

protest segregation

• 1960-Greensboro NC

• Formed SNCC (Students Non-

violent Coordinating Committee)

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In Harlem and many other northern communities, Movement supporters

picket Woolworths and other chain stores to support the southern sit-ins.

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II. Freedom Riders-1961

• CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)

• Rode buses into South to integrate bus

terminals

• After Montgomery AL-Pres. Kennedy

sends U.S. Marshalls to protect them.

• Result-integrated interstate bus/train

terminals

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III. Mississippi 1962

• Oct. -James Meredith –first black to enter University of Miss.

• Riots

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IV. Birmingham, AL 1963

• Mass demonstration/beaten

• Sherriff Bull Connor.

• On TV

• Kennedy ordered civil rights bill

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V. Gov. George Wallace

• Believed in segregation.

• U.S. Marshalls sent to Univ. of AL

“I draw the line in the

dust and toss the gauntlet

before the feet of tyranny,

and I say segregation

now, segregation

tomorrow, segregation

forever.”

18Attempting to block integration at University of Alabama

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VI. Medgar Evers

• June 11, 1963 murdered in

Mississippi.

• Bryon De La Beckwith – shot him

• Two trials 1963/1964 all-white

juries not decide.

• Free 30 years, 1994 convicted.

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Medgar

Evers

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VII. Washington D.C.

• Aug. 1963-- Greatest civil rights

demonstration.

• Lincoln Memorial.

• ―I Have a Dream‖

• High point in peaceful interracial

civil rights movement

• Pres. Kennedy pledges support.

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VIII. Freedom Summer

• Jan 1964 -24th Amendment-poll

tax banned.

• Summer 1964 - white & black

civil rights workers traveled in

South to register voters.

• Student workers murdered in

Miss.

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IX. Freedom March Selma, AL

• March 1965—registration drive-

Blacks blocked/beaten.

• King leads group in peaceful 54

mile march-were attacked.

• Aug. - Voting Rights Act 1965- put

registration process in federal

hands.

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X. Militant Movement

• Nation of Islam –Black Muslims-

• Believed- power over other races

and black nationalism -create

own republic

• 1952 Malcolm Little converts–

Malcolm X.

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MLK and

Malcolm X

met only

once, at the

U.S. Capitol

during a

Senate

meeting

about civil

rights in

March 1964

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• 1964 rejected separatist ideas.

• February 1965 assassinated by

Nation of Islam.

• Aug-Watts, CA Riots.

• Black Panthers

Cont Militant Movement

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XI. Martin L. King Jr.

• Went TN support black sanitation

workers strike.

• Tells followers, “I’ve seen the

Promised Land. I may not get there

with you. But I want you to know

that we as a people will get to the

Promised Land.”

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Cont Martin L. King Jr.

• Assassinated April 4, 1968.

• James Earl Ray convicted.

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Corretta King & Kids

•Remembered for-peaceful protest against

segregation and voting restrictions.

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XII. Expectations

• Social and political equality.

• Share in economic prosperity.

• Peaceful movement early 1960’s,

was evolving into racial crisis.

38Cesar Chavez

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XIII. Hispanic Movement

• 1962--Cesar Chavez.

• Unionize grape pickers.

• Demands -wages/working

conditions.

• Organized United Farm

Workers-benefits all migratory

workers.