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Classifying Chemical ReactionsSection 10.2
Objectives
Classify chemical reactions Identify the characteristics of
different classes of chemical reactions
Key Terms
Synthesis reaction
Combustion reaction
Decomposition reaction
Single-replacement reaction
Double-replacement reaction
precipitate
5 Types of Reactions
Synthesis Combustion Decomposition Single-Replacement Double-Replacement
Synthesis Reaction
Two or more substances combine to form one single product. A + B ABEx: 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) 2NaCl(s)
Combustion Reaction Oxygen combined with a
substance releasing energy (light and heat)
Many combustion reactions are also synthesis reactionsEx: 2H2(g) + O2 2H2O(g)
Decomposition reactions One compound breaks down into
2 or more compounds or elements Often requires energy Setup: AB A + B
Ex: NH4NO3(s) N2O(g) + 2H2O(g)
Heat was required
Replacement Reactions Replacement of an element in a
a compound 2 kinds of replacement
reactions:Single Double
Single Replacement Reactions
Atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound
Setup: A+ BX AX + B
Activity Series of Metals
Whether or not a metal will replace another metal or any other substance depends on its reactivity
Figure 10-10 on page 288 Metals can replace any metal
BELOW it on the series. Not ABOVE it (NR)
Practice Problems
Page 289
Double Replacement Reactions
Involves the exchange of ions between 2 compounds
Setup: AX + BY AY + BX If a solid is produced during the
reaction it is called a precipitate
Practice Problems
Page 291
Homework
Page 291 #27-32
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