CO2 Liquefaction Plant

• Chemical Engineer (2004-2008)(university of the Punjab, Lahore)• Experience

• Joined Pakarab Fertilizer in august 2008

From September 2008 to July 2009• At Nitro Phosphate Plant as Graduate Trainee Engineer

From July 2009 to present• At CO2 liquefaction Plant as Shift Engineer

• Introduction• What is liquefaction?• Raw CO2 composition• Process Flow Diagram• Major Equipments• Refrigeration System• Applications of CO2 • Customers of CO2

• Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas & plays a vital role in global warming. With liquefaction the CO2 emission from Ammonia plant will reduce considerably.

• Pakarab is committed to produce high quality & high purity liquid CO2 for Beverage & Food Industries to meet the International standards and demand of CO2 especially in Pakistan.

• The Plant is designed for the recovery of purified, high pressure liquid CO2 from impure, low pressure CO2 gas (byproduct) from the ammonia plant.

• It has PLC(SCADA) based control system.• Detailed engineering & design by Wittemann company,

USA.• Design Capacity 192 MTPD • Storage capacity 500 MT• Purity 99.99 %

• The liquefaction of gases is a complicated process that uses various compressions and expansions to achieve high pressures and very low temperatures Liquids.

• The process of refrigerating a gas to a temperature below its critical temperature so that liquid can be formed at some suitable pressure, also below the critical pressure.

Component Feed Gas Product Liquid

CO2 97-98 % 99.99 %

H2O 1-1.5 % 0

CO 0.004063 % 0.000204 %

N2 0.579 % 0.012 %

Ar 0.15 % 0.046415 %

H2 0.5 % 0

Acetaldehyde 0.004 % 0

Methanol 0.0055 % 0

Benzene 0.000001 % 0

Three kind of impurities are present in raw CO2

• Moisture

• Water soluble

• Non-condensable gases

• Screw Compressors• Knock Out Drums• Coolers • Condenser• Evaporative Condenser• Dryer• Scrubber• Stripper• Online analyzer

• The single screw oil lubricated compressor is a rotary, positive displacement compressor which incorporates a main screw and two gaterotors.

• Range 100psig-350psig• Easy capacity control• Less moving parts• Less maintenance cost

Single Screw Compressor

Oil circuit of the screw compressor

Filter

• Removes water soluble impurities• Counter Current Flow of Gas• Water Level Control• Flow control of raw water

• Removes moisture• Deflective Plate• Demister pad• Auto drain system

• Single pass shell and tube heat exchangers • Level control of refrigerant• Refrigerant Pressure Control

DesiccantActivated CarbonSelexsorb CDMolecular Sieve

FeaturesAMLOC ProbeDew Point Analyzer

• Stripping of impure liquid CO2 is carried out by counter current flowing pure CO2 vapors from reboiler

• CO2 gas venting from top is recondensed by reflux condenser

It consist of following analyzers

• Total Hydrocarbon analyzer• Oxygen analyzer• Sulfur analyzer• Moisture analyzer

This system includes• Two Screw Compressors• Evaporative Condenser• Receiver• Expansion valves• Evaporators (Exchangers)

Major Parts

• Cooling Coils• Drift Eliminator• Air Inlet Louvers• Induced Draft Fan• Distribution Nozzles

• Beverages• Dry Ice• Food preservation• Urea Manufacturing• Fire Extinguishing

Liquid CO2 is supplied to the customers in mobile tankers

• One10 MT Mobile Tanker• Four 20 MT Mobile Tanker

• Pepsi Cola Internationals Pakistan

• Lahore• Multan• Karachi• Hyderabad• Islamabad• Rawalpindi

• Coco Cola company Pakistan • Multan• Gujranwala • Lahore • Rahim Yar Khan• Pak Gases Limited Multan• Bolan Castings Hub• National Gases Karachi• Ice Berg Limited Karachi

Questions

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