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CONFIDENTIAL
Coherent Machine Vision Lasers
3D Triangulation – Key Success parameters
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 2
Agenda
• Coherent Overview
• 3D Triangulation Overview
• Properties of Structured Light
• Key Success Parameters
• Uniformity Highlight
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 3
19%
19%
14%
48%
48%
21%
24%
7%
• Founded in 1966
• TTM Sales $788.4 Million
• TTM Orders $799.3 Million
• 2,328 Employees
• Sales 24% U.S. and 76% International
• Approximately 387 Patents, 114 Pending
Provider of Photonics Solutions - Primarily Lasers for Commercial and Scientific Research Applications
____________________Note: Photonics is the Merger of Lasers, Optics and ElectronicsSource: Company management as of 6/30/12
Materials Processing
Microelectronics
OEM Components& Instrumentation
Scientific Research& Gov. Programs
Revenue MixTTM
Revenue MixTTM
Europe
United States
R.O.W.
Asia Pacific
Geographic Sales Distribution TTM
Geographic Sales Distribution TTM
Coherent – The Photonics Company
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 4
Diversified Product and Applications
Core MarketsCore Markets
FPD, API, Semi, Solar Marking, Engraving,
Cutting and WeldingDiagnostic &
Therapeutic Medical, Defense and Display
Ultrafast
1 2 to 4 1 1
OLED, Smartphones, Tablets
High PowerMaterials Processing
Laser Eye Care Attosecond Physics
PrimaryApplication FocusPrimaryApplication Focus
Growth vs Market Growth vs Market
Growth Opportunities Growth Opportunities
Scientific Research & Government Programs
OEM ComponentsInstrumentation
Materials ProcessingMicroelectronics
SAM Position SAM Position
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 5
3D Machine Vision
• In today’s world of expanding 3D vision systems, the camera and laser are equal partners in the accuracy, stability and repeatability of the measurements made and used by the applications.
• The requirements on the laser for power, pointing and electrical stability are far above a typical illumination system requirements.
• Having a source which produces very high power density, very thin measurement cross sections with a uniform return that does not mask the profile of the object is critical to success in these demanding applications.
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 6
Structured Light Applications
• Weld Seam• Glue Bead• Gasket seals• Soldier Paste• BGA• Wood Primary and Secondary
processing• Food portioning/sorting• Packaging• Tire – Wall and Tread• Wheel alignment• Alignment guidance• Bottle
• PCBA post assembly• Rail car• Rail track• Road / Tunnel• Rail Brakes• Contour measurement• Steel / Extrusion• 3D Reconstruction• Bin Picking• Non Contact Surface
Profile
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 7
3D Triangulation
• Projecting a narrow band of light onto a three-dimensionally shaped surface produces a line of illumination that appears distorted from other perspectives than that of the projector, and can be used for an exact geometric reconstruction of the surface shape.
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 8
- Which Triangulation Setup?
- Which 3D Camera?
- Which Line Laser?
- Which Objective Lens?
??
?
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 9
Essential Information Needed: The Basic Parameters of the Application
-Object Size (Width, Height and Length)
- Required Scan Accuracy in X-, Y- and Z-Dimension
- Scan Speed
- Type of Application
- Type of Material
X
Y
ZW
L
H
mm/s
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 10
Which Triangulation Setup?
-Standard Setup
-Sheet-Of-Light Plane vertical to the scan direction Y
-All points of a height profile have the same Y-coordinate
-dz=dx/sin(α)
Sheet-Of-Light Plane
X
Y
Z
Scan direction
Scan direction
α
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 11
Example Calculation
November 25, 2008
10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80°
MAX 1214.74064878811
616.739990659401
421.875 328.160494728368
275.359350093528
243.569644814373
224.474998881638
214.191550944649
TRSH 607.370324394055
308.369995329701
210.9375 164.080247364184
137.679675046764
121.784822407187
112.237499440819
107.095775472325
COG 303.685162197028
154.18499766485
105.46875 82.0401236820921
68.8398375233819
60.8924112035934
56.1187497204094
53.5478877361623
100
300
500
700
900
1100
1300
dZ vs Tringulation angle -Standard500mm WD 30 FA 1280 Pixel
dZ re
solu
tion
in u
m
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 12
Example Calculation
10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80°
MAX 359.923155196477
182.737775010193
125 97.2327391787758
81.5879555832674
72.1687836487032
66.5111107797445
63.4641632428591
TRSH 179.961577598239
91.3688875050965
62.5 48.6163695893879
40.7939777916337
36.0843918243516
33.2555553898723
31.7320816214295
COG 89.9807887991193
45.6844437525482
31.25 24.3081847946939
20.3969888958169
18.0421959121758
16.6277776949361
15.8660408107148
25
75
125
175
225
275
325
375
dZ vs Tringulation angle -Standard150mm WD 30 FA 1280 Pixel
dZ re
solu
tion
in u
m
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 13
Alternative Triangulation Setups: Reverse Geometry
-Advantage: Increased height resolution dz=dx/tan(α)
-Drawback: Points of a height profile have different Y-
coordinate
-Suitable For Plane Objects
Scan direction
X
YZ Sheet-Of-Light Plane
Scan direction
α
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 14
Alternative Triangulation Setups: Specular Geometry
-Advantage: Highly increased height resolution
dz=dx*cos(β)/sin(α+β)
-Advantage/Drawback: Increased image intensity due to direct
reflexion
-Drawback: Points of a height profile have different Y-coordinate
-Suitable For Plane ObjectsScan direction
Sheet-Of-Light Plane
X
YZ
Scan direction
α β
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 15
-Advantage: Reduction of direct light reflexions
-Drawback: Reduced height resolution dz=dx*cos(β)/sin(α-β)
Scan direction
Sheet-Of-Light Plane
X
YZ
Alternative Triangulation Setups: Look-Away Geometry
Scan direction
α
β
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 16
Triangulation Angle α
Occlusion: Edge Height * tan(α)
Triangulation Angle
The bigger the triangulation angle:- the higher the Z-Resolution- the bigger the occlusion
3D Triangulation
Example:5mm tall objectα = 40 degreesOcclusion (Ω) is 4.2mm
Ω
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 17
Z-Range
Z-RangeFOV
(nominal)
FOV & Z-Range
Trapezoidal shape is due to lens view angle
3D Triangulation
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 18
Key Success Parameters
• Uniformity• Poor uniformity in the reflected wave front can results in reduced accuracy and
limitation on measurement resolution
• Pointing Stability• Temperature dependent pointing effects the accuracy of the calibration and system
accuracy
• Straightness• A curved or bowed line limits the measurement window of the item being measured
• Bore-sight• Poor Bore sight increases the installation time and risk of system mis-alignment
• Power Stability• Directly effects the measurement sensitivity for any thresholding or low contrast
measurements
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 19
Properties of Structured Light
• Uniformity
• Straightness
• Line Width
• Depth of Field
• Divergence
• Field dependent focus (“Bowtie”)
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 20
Properties of Structured Light
80% Clip Point
RI floor
IMin
IMax IAvg
Uniformity Straightness
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 21
Properties of Structured Light
WDD
02w
D
MWDw
2
0
42
WD = working distanceM2 = M squared of diodeD = Diameter of beam on collimator
Beam Size Depth of Field
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 22
Properties of Structured Light
θWDWDθ
Divergence Field dependent focus
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 23
Uniformity Highlight
• Side by side comparison of competitors line and StingRay line• A – 50mW 660nm (Competitor)• B – 35mW 660nm (StingRay)
• Uniformity variations can be interpreted as features by the software
• Poor management of power density in the line, effect is need for more power to get the same SNR = Higher cost, Higher Safety classification
A
BB
Superior Reliability & Performance COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL P. 24
Uniformity Highlight
Line A Plot Line B Plot
A
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