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7/31/2019 Copy of BOTANISTS - Powerpoint
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Centro Escolar University
School of Pharmacy
Marilou M. Lanto
History of Botany
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Objective:
To be familiar withforeign and Filipinoscientist who contributed
in the development ofbotany as a science.
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What is Botany?The study of botany or plant
biology encompasses the origin,
diversity, structure and internalprocesses of plants as well as theirrelationships with other organisms
and with the nonliving physicalenvironment.
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Characteristics of Plants
Plants are highly organized Plants take in and use energy Plants respond to stimuli Plants grow and develop
Plants reproduce (Sexual and Asexual) Plant DNA transmit information from one
generation to the next Plant populations undergo genetic changes
overtime
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Ebers medical papyrus
Two Egyptians Book
The Ebers Papyrus of about 1550 BC is
among the most important ancientEgyptian medical papyri
It is one of two of the oldest preserved
medical documents anywhere.
The Ebers papyrus was purchased at
Luxor(Thebes) in the winter of 187374 byGeorge Ebers and is now in the library of
the University of Leipzig, Germany
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Edwin Smith Papyrus
Two Egyptians Book
The Edwin Smith papyrus is the world'searliest known medical document, written
around 1600 BC but thought to be based onmaterial from as early as 3000 BC.
It is an ancient textbook on trauma surgery anddescribes anatomical observations and the
examination, diagnosis, treatment, and
prognosis of numerous injuries in exquisite
detail.
The papyrus contains the first descriptions ofthe cranial sutures, the meninges, the external
surface of the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid, andthe intracranial pulsations.
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nThe best knownrepresentative of the
Pythagoreanphilosophical sch.. In his
view, the world wascomposed out of the fourelements water, fire, earth
& air
nHe thought that plantscame into being earlier
than animals and thattheir organism formed nointegrated whole, but that
every part lived on itsown.
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the Father ofBiology, who
wrote HistoriaAnimalium
that contains
accurate
descriptions ofanimals of
Greece and
Asia minor
Aristotle
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He served his agemainly as a great
popularizer of science.The most important of
his books are two largebotanical treatises,
On the History ofPlants, in nine books(originally ten), and On
the Causes of Plants, in
six books (originallyeight), which constitute
the most importantcontribution to botanical
science during antiquity
and the middle ages; onthe strength of these
works some call him theFather of
Theophrastus
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PedaniusDioscorides
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nHe was a widely travelled clergymanand scholar.
nHe is thought to be the rediscoverer ofscientific botany. In his work, that deals
only in a small section with plants is the
body of thought of antiquity mirrored;still, it does
represent the first descriptional work onthe flora of Europe and it became both
model and precursor of western
literature (not only in the subject ofbotany).
St. Albert the
Great
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He was the first to paycloser attention to flowersand fruits. He depicted
them repeatedly and noticed
their value for the
classification of the
relation of different plants.
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Antoine Laurentde Jussieu
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A SwedishBotanist who
developedbinomial system
of genus and
species.He establishedTaxonomy as a
discipline.
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In 1665 he published abook entitled
Micrographia, which
contained a number of
microscopic and
telescopic observationsHooke coined the
biological term
Cell -- so called because
his observations of plant
cells reminded him of
monks cells which were
called "cellula".The hand-crafted, leather
and gold-tooled
microscope Hooke used
to make these
observations for
"Micrographia,
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Published hisOrigin of
Species in1859.
nHe developedtheory of
evolution by
natural selection.
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Father ofGenetics
for his study
of the
inheritance
of traits inpea plants.
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The Wizard ofHorticulture
An Americanbotanist,
horticulturist, and
pioneer of
agricultural science.
He developedmore than 800
strains and varieties
of plants over his
55-year career.
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Eduardo Quisumbing
" Author of more than 129scientific articles, many onorchids." served as the Director of theNational Museum of the
Philippines, where he rebuilt the
Herbarium" "Saccolabium quisumbingii" isnamed in honor of him.
" A noted expert in the medicinal plants of the Philippines.
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A noted Filipino botanist whois known for her research inthe morphology, physiology,
and biochemistry of drug
plants, in particularagar,
rauwolfia, datura, mint andPiper.
Magdalena Cantoria
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Honored for her research workthat identified a species ofmicroscopic plant Trichoderma
harzianum, which is used asactivator for rapid composting of
agricultural wastes and asgrowth enhancer and biological
agent, that prevents and curesvegetable crop diseases caused
by soil borne fungal pathogen.
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Luz Oliveros-Belardo, Ph. D.
A distinguished scholar,chemist and researcher
spent five decades of her lifeworking on the chemistry of
natural products specifically onPhilippine medicinal plants
extracted 33 new Philippineessential oils and studied their
chemical and physicalproperties
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Professor at the BotanyDivision of the PhilippinesNational Museum in Manila
Discovered new speciesfrom Palawan and haswritten more than 10scientific articles onplants in the region
Author ofA Pictorial Guideto Noteworthy Plants ofPalawan and A Dictionaryof Philippines PlantNames.
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Thanks for Listening
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