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UNIT 2 WORLD WAR I
Causes of World War I – Underlying and Immediate Causes
Causes - Underlying or Long Term Causes
Explanation
imperialism the policy of one
nation acquiring another countryor region
European nations - Great Powers - established colonies to create empires
they exploited the land and resources they wanted raw materials and markets for their
manufactured goods European empires aggressively pursued colonies in Africa Germany in conflict with Britain and France Russia, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman empires wanted to
control Balkans (refer to Figure 2-3 p.27)
militarism a nation’s policy of
maintaining armed forces ready for war
Great Powers developed strong military to protect colonies
Britain had the largest navy and Germany wanted to match it
Britain built the Dreadnought and Germany built it as well (refer to Figure 2-2 p.27)
France concerned about German military strength arms race increased tension
alliances agreement among
nations toward a common goal
rivalries between Great Powers resulted in alliancesto support and protect one another
Triple Alliance - Germany and Austria-Hungary vs
Triple Entente - France, Britain, Russia Great Powers hoped alliances would reduce the threat of
war alliances made it easier for a country to be drawn into war
nationalism pride and patriotism
in one’s nation
Great Powers’ nationalism fueled imperialism intense nationalism existed in Balkans as Austria-Hungary
contained Slavs who wanted independence Serbs in Bosnia wanted independence from Austria Serbia wanted control of Bosnia and unite Slavs to from
Greater Serbia
Causes - Immediate or Short Term Causes
Explanation
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
June 28 assassination of Ferdinand in Sarajevo, Bosnia by Serbian Gavrilo Princip of the Black Hand triggered a chain reaction that started the war
Schlieffen Plan August 2 Germany invades neutral Belgium as part of the Schlieffen Plan for attacking France
Source: Causes of the First World War - Counterpoints p.26-30
Europe Prior to World War I
Causes of World War
Which cause was most responsible for World War I?
imperialism militarism alliances nationalism Schlieffen Plan assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Criteria for Selecting Significant FactsSignificant Causes
the event may not have occurred if the cause was not present the direction or intensity of the event would be altered the influence on the event is obvious
Cause Reasons/Evidence
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