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iasbaba.com http://iasbaba.com/2015/08/iasbaba-revise-culture-related-terms-part-5/
IASbaba
IASbaba- Revise Culture Related Terms-Part 5
This is the compilation from CCRT and NIOS Hope it helps
Art Form Tribe Key features PlaceChadarBadar Santhal Performing Art Puppetry that tells stories
of Santhal way of life and migrationTerai region ofhimalayas
Saura Saura Painting Similar to Warli but larger andelongated. Natural colors are used
Odisha
Kalaripayattu Martial art One of the oldest fightingsystems in existence
Kerala
Silambam Martial art Weapon based martial art.Uses animal movements of tiger, snake,eagle forms and foot work patterns playsan important role;Kuttuvarasai part of silambam unarmed version
Tamilnadu
Pari-Khanda Rajputs Martial art Sword and shield fighting.Techniques are also used in chau dance
Bihar
Kondapalli dolls Sculpture Made from soft Poniki wood light, flexible and strong.made piece by piece and are stucktogether using an adhesive paste made oftamarind seeds, followed with a coating oflime glue.
Andhrapradesh
Channapatna toys traditional craft that is protected as ageographical indication (GI) under theWorld Trade Organisation.Natural dyes are used to colour the toysand are blended with lac to make lacsticks which are then applied to thefinished wooden objects. This age oldtraditional art dates back to the reign ofTipu Sultan who is said to have invitedPersian artists to teach his artisans thecraft.
Karnataka
Marapachi dolls A male-female/raja-rani dolls usually giftedto bride in marriage. Made from kongutrees.known for their intricate carvings and theelaborate attires that people dress them in.Made in Tirupati
Andhra Pradesh
Tanjavur dolls Included in the Government of IndiaGeographical Indications Registry, thedancing dolls made of wood pulp orpapiermach or clay. They are called sobecause of their bobbing head and body,that are made separately and balancedsuch that the parts oscillate.
Tamilnadu
Matka silk In towns of Maldaand Murshidabad
Matka is an Indian term for roughhandloom silk fabric made from very thickyarns spun out of pierced cocoon in theweft and organzine in warp. The yarns areobtained from short ends of silkfrom Mulberry silkworms (Bombyxmori)and spun by hand without removing thegum (sericin)
West Bengal
Aari Embroidery Handicrafts needle work with beads ormuthai and chain stitch; inspired by thefloral motifs of Mughal period
Kutch, Lucknow,UttarPradesh, Rajasthan,and Delhi
Baluchari Saree Weaving -It is a hand woven saree usingrichly dyed silk, with intricate motifsdepicting Indian mythology woven onto itslarge pallu.
Baluchar,Murshidabad, WestBengal
Lavani / Tamasha Dhangars orshepherds ofSholapur
Maharashtrian folk including song anddance
Maharashtra andkonkan coast.
Kalbelia Kalbelia tribe The dance form consists of swirling,graceful movements that make this dancea treat to behold. Women dance whilemen provide music for the performance.Kalbelia dance and songs are a part ofUNESCOs representative list of IntangibleCultural Heritage of Humanity.Musical instrument used Pungi the oneused by snake charmers
Rajasthan
Bhavai dance It involves tricky balancing acts, right frombalancing seven to nine brass pots on thehead to balancing oneself (along with thepots) on narrow and unstable objects likea glass bottle, brass plate or the edge of asword. The brass pots can, and are often,substituted by an even greater number ofearthen pots.P.S. : A theatrical form of Gujarat is alsocalled Bhavai
Rajasthan
Bhangra Harvest dance energetic and rhythmic performed by both men and women
Punjab
Dandiya Dance using bright colored bamboo stickswhere participants strike the bamboosticks in rhythmic fashion. Dancers goround a drummer usually at the centre ofthe stage
Gujarat
Garba Dance form also originated in Gujarat butuses hand and feet movement;traditionally performed around a holy lamp
Gujarat
Giddha Performed only by women in Punjab.Female counterpart to Bhangra
Punjab
Ghoomar Bhil A traditionally passed folk dance of Mewarof Rajasthan includes rhythmic swirling.Womens dance performed in womengatherings.
Rajasthan
Chari Gujjar Womens dance form depicting collectingof water. Women dance by balancingbrass pots which are kept ignited with thecotton seeds dipped in oil
Rajasthan
Gawari Bhil A dance drama performed by both menand women. Usually performed by troupeswhich travel from one village to another
Rajasthan
Kath Puthli Bhati World famous wooden puppetry ofRajasthan. Wooden puppets are controlledby metal stringsMade of single piece of wood and arecolorfully dressed
Rajasthan
Teratali Kamar Worship of baba ramdev. Bhajans aresung during the performance
Rajasthan
Walar Gharasia Prototype for ghoomar. Performed bywomen
Rajasthan
SutaKhandeiNacha/ Kundhei
String puppet show from GanjamStrings are attached to a triangularwooden propCostumes are similar to Jatraperformances.Puppets have no legs and have long skirtsHave more joints and are therefore moreversatile, articulate and easy to manipulate
Odisha
Baunsa Rani Baunsarani literally means The BambooQueen. Mainly little girls exhibit variousacrobatic postures on the crossed bamboobar as well as on the floor with exquisitescintillating movement synchronized withthe beat of drums and songs.
Odisha
KommuKoya Kommukoya tribe Dance form of Chintoormandal, eastGodavari district
Andhra Pradesh
Daminda Apatani Performed by girls during Dree festival Arunachal PradeshGuravayyalu Kurava Performed by priests. Famous in Kurnool.
Influenced by shaivismAndhra Pradesh
Chikankari Needlework White thread is embroideredon cool, pastel shades of light muslin andcotton garments. Fabric is usually thin elsethe needle would not pierce. Geographicindication provided in 2008
Lucknow,UP
Phulkari Believed to havebeen introduced byJats but practicedby Punjabi women
Needle work -use of darn stitch on thewrong side of coarse cotton cloth withcoloured silken thread. Punjabi womencreated innumerable alluring andinteresting designs and patterns by theirskilful manipulation of the darn stitch.Named based on extent of needle workPhulkari Shawls and head scarfsBagh Work covering the entire fabricAdhabagh scattered work all along thefabric
Punjab
Kantha Needle work Running stitch all along thecloth.Also used in making cushions, quills, bedsetc by stacking old sarees
Birbhum, WestBengal
Patola Intricate tie and dye process where theyarn is dyed before weaving. Also calleddouble ikatPatanPatolaof Gujarat has GI
Originally in Gujarat,also famous inOdisha
Kashida Needlework Kashmiri embroidery Itdraws inspiration from nature. Birds,blossoms and flowers, creepers, chinarleaves, ghobi, mangoes, lotus, and treesare the most common themes.
Kashmir
Kasuthi Believed to bebrought toKarnataka by theLambani tribefollowed by womencourtiers of Mysoredynasty.
involves embroidering very intricatepatterns like gopura, chariot, palanquin,lamps and conch shells on traditional silkand Ilkal sarees.The work is laborious and involvescounting of each thread on the cloth. Thepatterns are stitched without using knots toensure that both sides of the cloth lookalike.Karnataka Handicrafts DevelopmentCorporation holds GI for this art.
Karnataka
Jamdani Jamdani is a fine muslin cloth on whichdecorative motifs are woven on the loom,typically in grey and white. Often a mixtureof cotton and gold thread were/was used.Traditionally woven in Dhaka, BangladeshVenkatagiri in Andhra Pradesh is famousfor this form of weavingIn news as PM Narendra Modi presenteda tapestry depicting Kamadhenu andKalpavriksha to Bangladesh PM SheikhHasina
Venkatagiri, AndhraPradesh
Pattachitra Artists known aschitrakaras with titleMohapatra orMaharana
Painting cloth based scroll painting.Usually Hindu deities Jagannath andvaishnava cult are depictedWoman members prepare the glue, thecanvas and apply colours what we call thefill-in, and give the final lacquer coating.The master hand, mostly the malemember, draws the initial line and givesthe final finishing. Patta paintings are doneon small strips of cotton clothTalapattachitra a variation where palmleaves are used as canvas
Odisha
Kalighat paintings Simple painting form developed aroundKalighat under British patronage by artistscalled patuasUses water colorsPainted with bright colors on clearbackground
West Bengal
Mithila /Madhubani
pictures using vegetable colour and a fewearthen coloursFinished in black lines on cow dungtreated with paperMostly depicts Hindu mythologyMarks seasonal festivals and life eventsIntricate flora, animal and bird motifs areused to fill the gapPassed on from mother to daughter
Mithila of Bihar
Kalamkari Colors Vegetable dyes, plant roots,leaves, salt of iron, tin, copper, alumGets the name from kalam pen asintricate designs are made using penIncludes Hand painting as well as blockpaintingPatronised by Vijayanagar kingdomLegacy from father to sonScenes from mythology are usuallydepicted with floral decorative patterns forembellishmentsInfluence of Persian motifs and designs
Andhra Pradesh
Phad Scroll painting of Bhilwara districtThemes include heroic figures, rural life,animals and birds2D depiction in Bold linesArt form is approximately 700 years old
Rajasthan
Warli Gond and Kol Made mostly by womenPredominantly religiousGeometric patterns like circles, triangles,rectanglesspiral structuring of images is commonWhite color/ rice flour is used on darkbackground
Maharashtra
Minakari Sonar or Sohailcaste of Kshatriyas
Jewellery designing using enamel workArt of coloring and ornamenting thesurface of metals by fusing over it brilliantcolors that are decorated in an intricatedesignGulab mina is famous in Benaras
JaipurDelhiLucknowKangraBenarasKashmir
Bandhni Started by Khatri, akshatriyacommunityin Gujarat
Tie and dye art for cotton fabricsCalled Chungidiin Tamilnadu
RajasthanGujaratTamilnadu
Bidriware Persian art broughtto India byBahamani rulers
Metal art striking inlay artwork,important export handicraft of Indiaprized as a symbol of wealth.The metal used is a blackened alloy ofzinc and copper inlaid with thin sheets ofpure silver. This native art form hasobtained GI
Bidar, Karnataka
Igu Dance Idu Mishmi tribe meaning dance of the Priest, a uniqueritual dance. Igu dance is performed on Reh festival,different ritual acts etc with an aim ofappeasing various spirits for family andsocial well-being and prosperity.Arunachal Pradeshs tableau for RDparade 2015
Arunachal Pradesh
Daang Dangis Kahaiya and Dholki the percussioninstruments besides short shehnai areused in the dance.The men hold their arms round thewomens shoulders and women clasp themen by their waists forming circularformations moving in clockwise and anti-clockwise directions.The women climb on the shoulders of menand form a human pyramid.Performed in RD parade and won firstposition in 2015
Gujarat
Lezim Dance Named after a wooden idiophone to whichthin metal discs are fitted which produce ajingling sound and the dancers use thiswhile dancing.Dholki, a drum instrument is used as themain percussion music.Very rigorous movements
Maharashtra
Mand Folk singing style neither accepted asRaga nor reckoned among freely renderedfolk songs
Rajasthan
Bhatiali a boat song, sung by boatmen while goingdown streams of the river,the word Bhatiyali comes from Bhatameaning ebb or downstream
West Bengal
Ragini Folk song form HaryanaGulraj Folk song form Kashmir
Theyyam popular ritual form of worship of NorthMalabar in KeralaColourful costumes and awe inspiringhead gears with strong colours ofturmeric,wax and aracHead gears are upto 5 -6 feet high
Kerala
Padayani Tinta subsect ofGanaka community
Performance using masksIn honour of bhadrakaliPerformed in bhagavati temples southern variant of theyyamblends music, dance, theatre, satire, facialmasks, and paintings
Kerala
Koli Koli a fishermentribe
Fishermen danceIncludes both men and women. Mendance with fishing oars
Maharashtra
Dhumal Wattal Only the men folk perform this dance onspecific occasions and at set locations.Generally performed with wearing longcolourful robes and tall conical caps,studded with beads and shells.
Jammu andKashmir
HuyenLanglon Martial art consists of 2 formsThang ta armed version uses sword,spear, axe and shieldSaritsarak unarmed version useskicks, hand strikes and grapplingClosely associated with Burmese Bandoor bandshay
Manipur
RasiyaGeet Folk song flourished in BrajPraises of Lord Krishnas charming leelas
Uttar Pradesh
Alha Ballad of BundelkhandHeroic stories of Alha and Udal whoserved Raja Parmal of MajobaHighlights the moral principles of morality,chivalry and nobility
Uttar Pradesh
Hori Songs based on love pranks of Radha-KrishnaSang during Holi celebrations only
Uttar Pradesh
Sohar Songs sung during the birth of male childInfluenced the Muslim families and thetradition is now found among Muslims tooDepicts the mingling of two cultures
Uttar Pradesh
Kajri Sung by women in rainy season on thirdday of bhadraAssociated with a dance involving steps insemi circular motion
Uttar Pradesh
Shakunakhar -Mangalgeet
Prayers for good health and long lifeduring religious and auspicious occasionsof child-birth, baby-showers, ganeshpoojaetc.Sung only by women without anyinstrument
Kumaon
Barahmasa Songs depicting twelve months of the yearDifferent natural entities represent differentmonths of the year
Kumaon
Basanti Spring/ Harvest song which accompaniesthe celebrations of Basant Panchami
Garhwal
GhasiyariGeet Sung by women of hilly areas when theygo to forests to collect grass for cattleEmphasis on importance of labour alongwith entertainment
Garhwal
Pankhida Literally means loverSung by peasants working in fields
Rajasthan
Lotia Sung by women during the festival of LotiaWomen bring water from lakes or ponds inLotasand kalashby decorating them withflowers
Rajasthan
Teej Sung during the festival of Teej on thirdday after new moon in the month ofsharavanaSongs revolve around union of Shiva andParvati
Rajasthan
Pandavani Songs on tales of MahabharataSinger assumes all the characters duringthe ballad accompanying it with hispowerful singing
Chhattisgarh
SukarkeBiah Portrays the picture of common folkAssociated with story of Shukra who callsoff his marriage for the sake of his mother
Bhojpuri region
Mando Slow verse and refrain composition dealingwith love, tragedy and both social injusticeand political resistance during Porutguesepresence
Goa
Chhakri Group song performed using musicalinstruments like noot, rababs, sarangi,tumbaknari
Kashmir
Bhakha Harvest songsRegional music with most melodic andharmonious elements
Jammu
Laman A group performance where girls singingon peak of the hill seldom see the group ofboys who give a reply to them in a songseated on another peak of the hill.Sung especially in Kulu Valley
Himachal Pradesh
Tappa Semi classical vocal music inspired bycamel ridersCharacterised by jumpy and flashy tonalmovements
Punjab
Powada Literally means narration of story inglorious termsOdes in praise of individual heroes,incidents or placeChief narrator is known as Shahir
Maharashtra
Qawwali Originally sung in praise of godBrought from PersiaQawwali performance presents afascinating, interchanging use of solo andchoral modalities
Burrakatha Highly dramatic form of balladSinger plays a tambura while reciting thestoryA famous exponent of the formDarojiEeramma passed away in august2014
Andhra Pradesh
Daskathia Name is derived from a unique instrumentcalled kathi or Ram thali or woodenclappersIt is a form of worship and offering onbehalf of das, the devotee
Odisha
Sana Lamok Sung by a priest at the time of coronationof King or to welcome the KingAlso sung to evoke the spirit ofPakhangba, the presiding deity
Manipur
SaikutiZai Mizo Mizos are known as singing tribeSaikutiZai are songs composed by apoetess Saikuti in praise of warriors
Mizoram
Chai hia Mizo The songs that accompany chai danceperformed during ChapcharKut Festival
Mizoram
VilluPattu Bow songLead singer handles an instrument whichis bow shapedThemes are usually theological andemphasise conquest of good over evil
Tamilnadu
Ammanaivari Song sung in praise of Chola MonarchAmmanai is wooden ball.Women folk sing appropriate songs whileplaying the ball.
Tamilnadu
BhandPather Unique combination of dance, music andacting.Satire, wit and parody are preferred forinducing laughter
Kashmir
Swang Theatre form known for softness ofemotions and accomplishment of rasaLanguage in Rohtak HaryanviLanguage in Haatras Brajbhasha
Rohtak and Haatras
Nautanki Traditional theatre form of Kanpur,Lucknow and HaatrasInitially performed by men only. Nowwomen are also includedGulab Bai of Kanpur gave new dimensionto old theatrical form
Uttar Pradesh
Bhavai Theatrical performance which is partlyentertainment and partly a ritual offeringmade to Goddess Amba.Subtle social criticism laced with pungenthumour is the speciality of Bhavai.P.S. : a dance form of Rajasthan is alsocalled Bhavai
Gujarat
Jatra Musical plays during fairs in honour ofgods, or religious rituals and ceremoniesBorn and nurtured in BengalKrishna Jatra was popularised by Bhaktisaint Chaitanyas influence
West Bengal
Maach Used for both stage and the performanceTraditional theatre form with songs inbetween dialoguesDialogues are called bolRhyme in narration is called vanagTunes are called Rangat
Madhya Pradesh
Bhaona Performance of Assamese classical playscalled AnkiaNaatSutradhar or narrator begins the story inSanskrit and the play continues in Brajbolior Assamese
Assam
Dashavatar Performers personify the ten incarnationsof Lord Vishnu wearing masks of wood orpapiermache
Konkan coast andGoa
Krishnattam Started in 17th Century AD under thepatronage of King Manavada of CalicutCycle of 8 plays performed for eightconsecutive days
Kerala
Mudiyettu Performed in the month of vrischika(November December) in the Kalitemples as an oblation to Goddess
Kerala
Koodiyattam/Kuttiyattam
Oldest traditional theatre form of KeralaBelieved to be the prototype for KathakaliBased on Sanskrit theatre traditionsVidushak alone delivers dialoguesEmphasis on hand gestures and eyemovements
Kerala
Yakshagaana Theatre form based on mythologicalstories known for its costumes and makeup
Karnataka
Therukoothu Literally means street playPerformed at annual temple festivals ofMariamman(Rain Goddess) to achieve richharvestCycle of eight plays based on life ofDraupadi
Tamilnadu
Gombeyatta String puppets(marionettes) styled anddesigned like characters of YakshaganaHave joints at legs, shoulders, elbows, hipsand kneesPuppets are manipulated by 5-7 stringstied to a prop. Sometimes morecomplicated movements are manipulatedby two or more puppeteers
Karnataka
Bommalattam Largest, heaviest and most articulate of alltraditional Indian marionettes.Combine techniques of both rod and stringpuppetsPuppets made of woodStrings for manipulation are attached toiron ring worn round the puppeteers head
Tamil Nadu
TogaluBombeyatta Literally togalu skin/leather bombe dollsShadow puppets made from treatedleatherSmall in size and size varies with socialstatus of characters the puppets portray Larger for kings and smaller for commonpeople and servants
Karnataka
TholuBommalata Shadow puppetryLarge in size with jointed waist, shoulders,elbows and kneesColored on both sides. Hence throwcolored shadows on screen
Andhra Pradesh
Ravanachhaya Shadow puppets of one piece and have nojointsNot colored hence opaque shadowsPuppets are made of deer skinProps such as trees, mountains, chariotsetc are also displayed along with maincharacters
Odisha
PutulNautch Rod puppets made from wood inspiredby Bunrakupuppets of JapanCostumed like actors of Jatra and usuallyhave 3 jointsA bamboo made hub is tied to the waist ofpuppeteer on which rod holding the puppetis placed.Puppeteers manipulating the rods, moveand dance imparting correspondingmovements to the puppets
West Bengal
Yampuri Rod puppets made of woodHave no joints and are made of a singlepiece
Bihar
Pavakoothu Glove puppets costumed as kathakaliperformersHeight varies from 1-2 feetHead and arms are carved of wood andjoined together with thick cloth, cut andstitched into a bag
Kerala
IASbaba- Revise Culture Related Terms-Part 5
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