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Dear Speaker,You Are Going to Be Only as Good as Your
Interpreter,So Please…
November 2013 Toronto Canada
Akiko ShinodaConference Interpreter
Tokyo Japan aswkiki@y6.dion.ne.jp
Tour Guide
Types of Interpreting
Methods of Interpreting
Consecutive
Whispering General
Interpreting
Community Interpreting
Medical Care
Conference interpreting
Broadcast Interpreting
Simultaneous
Relay-Simultaneous
Semi-Simultaneous
Time-lag Simultaneous
* Understanding what’s being said ( Input) ―― Only half the job done
* Rendering what you’ve understood into good, adult target language (Output) Only when you can do both can you be an interpreter.
INTERPRETING: WHAT IT ENTAILS
In other words,
Failing to do a good job, because…
1. Problems with input ――Didn’t really understand what’s being said
2. Problems with output ――Poor ability to express in the target language
3. Lack of knowledge about the subject matter
INTERPRETING: WHAT IT ENTAILS
In everyday life, we all tend to be sloppy listeners
But in an interpreting situation, you have to be a most rigorous listener
You didn’t really understand, because…
You were not listening properly
Not just listening to the words, but listening for the meaning
Constructing Meaning / Information
(意味付け/情報化) out of the words you are hearing, in the same ORDER and at the same SPEED as the speaker
Intensive Listening / Active Listening
―― the most important and fundamental training
In a thought-provoking article / in the New York
Times / last year, / N .Kato, /a professor of
literature, / suggested / that Japan had
entered / a “post-growth era” / in which the
illusion of limitless expansion / had given way /
to something more profound…
SLASH LISTENING / SLASH READING
He sounded a little like Walter Berglund, / the
heroic crank of Jonathan Frazen’s Freedom, /
who argues / that growth in a mature
economy, / like that in a mature organism, / is
not healthy / but cancerous. “Japan doesn’t
need to be No 2 in the world, nor No 5 or 15,”
Prof Kato wrote. “It’s time to look to more
important things.”
SLASH LISTENING / SLASH READING
Even when doing Consecutive Interpretation, UNDERSTANDING has to be
Simultaneous & Automatic In the case of Simultaneous
Interpretation, EXPRESSING (output) has to be Automatic also
No “searching” for the right word
A delay by a split second decides the outcome ( 瞬間の勝負 )
Gymnastics on the bar Monkeys in the zoo
For beginner-interpreters who have not yet fully acquired the habit of Intensive Listening,
Assignments in the fields of familiar topics will help,
because what they missed catching (ie, information, meaning…) may be supplemented by Knowledge.
KNOWLEDGE- ASSISTED
COMPREHENSION
KNOWLEDGE- ASSISTED
COMPREHENSION
Knowledge can fill the gap in understanding
black
Crows are White?!
Kingfishers are…??
Bald eagles are… ??
But it never works that way
Usually, the hardest jobs are given to starters
Tributyl-chlorostannane, Hexabutyl-distatannoxane,…VS
Little Leo-chan and Ms Lucy
Murphy’s Law
THEY are to blame:
Interpreters ( 通訳者 )
Interrupters( 妨害者 )
1. How can you expect me to interpret
when I cannot hear? (bad sound)
2. When I cannot see? (too dark, too far)
3. Maybe this is English? (very strong accent)
(Relay interpreting) *
THEY are to blame:
Interpreters ( 通訳者 )
Interrupters( 妨害者 )
4. Speeding (Crack down on hot-rodders, please!)
5. So many personal names, place names, names of organizations…
6. If you are going to tell a joke, tell me the joke beforehand .*
THEY are to blame:
Interpreters ( 通訳者 )
Interrupters( 妨害者 )
7. Puns and word plays should be forbidden at international conferences
8. Sloppy sentences with no subject, no verb, no…
9. Reading out a speech is generally a bad idea. Non-communication.*
THEY are to blame:
Interpreters ( 通訳者 )
Interrupters( 妨害者 )
10.Quoting from legal documents, laws, treaties, contracts, etc
11.Providing no manuscript of the speech, talking points, reference material
12.No briefing session. “He is such a busy person we can’t possibly ask him to set aside some time for briefing the interpreters.”
THEY are to blame:
Interpreters ( 通訳者 )
Interrupters( 妨害者 )
“You are going to be only as good as your interpreter, so please…”
If you get praise for doing a good interpreting job, it is mostly because the speaker was doing a good job.
WE are to blame:1. Language proficiency lacking (Listening as
well as expressing )
2. Special Interpreting Skills lacking
(Intensive Listening / Quick Information
Processing)
3. Analytical mind and overall comprehension
wanting
4. Lack of study and preparation 5. Lack of intelligence and liberal arts
education Bible, Qur’an?, Shakespeare, poems, famous historical
speeches, Latin(terra incognito…)
Haiku, yojijukugo( 明鏡止水、我田引水 ) 、 proverbs( 馬の耳に念仏 )
WE are to blame:
External Memory (dictionary) vs Internal Memory
Must enrich your Internal Memory
WE are to blame:
6. Lack of sleep, health problems, fatigue
7. Depressed / feeling low
WE are to blame:
1. Choose which fields you want to
specialize
Medicine, pharmaceuticals, IT, computer, finance,
business, economics, politics, international
relations, human rights, environment, gender
issues, etc
2. Devote yourself to study and
preparation
CAREER DEVELOPMENT
3. Have courage to take risks4. Do not be deterred by mistakes
and failures; use them so that “failing” does not lead into “losing”
5. This can be done only by giving a good “aftercare service” (review lessons) to the work you‘ve failed to do well
CAREER DEVELOPMENT
( 運も実力のうち )
Luck is where preparation meets opportunity
Keeping up with the times and
reporting on the latest move ( We got
him! )
Coming into contact with world’s top-
class thinkers / with various different
ideas and thought patterns
Hearing and translating inspirational
speeches
REWARDS ( 通訳冥利 )
Meeting Wonderful Personalities
Getting eyes and mind opened
to the world
Becoming interested in
communication
Changing myself
REWARDS ( 通訳冥利 )
“Thank you for being me, but mostly for being you.”
私になってくれてありがとう。
でもそれ以上に、あなたであってくれてありがとう。
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