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OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE
Designing a monitoring/assessment program
Britta Denise Hardesty
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CSIRO Marine Debris Research Program
Approach
12+ years of work; 65+ pubs/reportswww.csiro.au/marine-debris
Engagement• 8,000+ citizen scientists from Schools, Educators, Volunteers and Industry Leaders• Content for schools, linked to national curriculum• Engagement w/ government and industry on effective, affordable solutions
Sources and
drivers
Dynamics and
distribution
Impacts on wildlife, humans,
economics
Management responses
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Trans-boundary problems need integrated responses
Governance
Research
Waste managementConsumers
Producers
LegislationRegulationIncentivesEducation
Burden of proofBest practices
InvestmentBetter materials
Reduce, Re-use, RecycleResponsible disposal
AwarenessClean-up
Integrated management
Litter capture & removal
Zero wasteUse as resource
Marine scienceHealth science
Environmental scienceCitizen and social science
Worm et al. 2018
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Designing a program
• Goals – what are you trying to achieve? What do you want to know?• Will your program (method) get you the intended outcomes?
• Limits – what can’t you do with the approach you’re taking?
• Know your biases – account for them
What method to use?
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Methods
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What drives debris loads?Urbanization
• Distance to public transport, nearest road• Regional and local population• Regional and local road density by type
Land use• Reserves, Agriculture, Housing, Water, etc.
Socio-economics• Economic advantage/disadvantage• Education and employment levels• Economic resources
Site type
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Global Plastic Leakage ProjectGoal: estimate loads on land, drivers of leakage, and plume from unmanaged (plastic) waste
Country Partners • Bangladesh• China• Korea
• Peru• Philippines• South Africa• Sri Lanka• Thailand• United States
• Chile• Ghana• Kenya• Seychelles• Mauritius• Nigeria• Australia
• Taiwan• Vietnam• Brazil
• India• Indonesia• Pakistan
Malaysia?
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Global Plastics Leakage Project
Objectives1. Validate estimates of pollution2. Identify hotspots for loss3. Investigate drivers4. Global baseline (+national/regional)5. Measure successes/change
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Capacity building: field and analysis training
Sampling to estimate:1. Load of solid waste on land as a source2. Volume lost to the ocean3. Leakage points
Developing models for:1. Predicting sources2. Pollution plume
Springboard for policy evaluation, a global baseline, and national monitoring
Project structure
Key Factors- Population density- Transport infrastructure- Poverty and Education- Land use
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Sampling for Vietnam
Key Factors- Population density- Transport infrastructure- Poverty and Education- Land use
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3 Main Questions
1) What is the relationship between debris in the marine environment and debris from nearby sites?
2) Are there identifiable sources and pathways through which debris reaches and moves to the coast?
1) What investments in facilities, policies, outreach, etc. will help reduce waste in the environment?
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CSIRO Oceans and AtmosphereBritta Denise HardestyPrincipal Research Scientistt +61 3 6232 5276e denise.hardesty@csiro.au
OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE
Thank you
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Approach: Statistically robust sampling for INLAND, COASTAL, RIVER, AT-SEA sites
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