Designing Conversations for Socially Conscious Design · RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro /...

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Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design

Systemic Design for Social Complexity—RSD5—Toronto 2016

Paul Pangaro, Ph.D.Chair and Associate Professor MFA Interaction Design Program College for Creative Studies, Detroitpaul@pangaro.com

MFA Transportation Design MFA Color & Materials Design MFA Integrated DesignMFA Interaction DesignCollege for Creative Studies, Detroitpaul@pangaro.com

Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design

5RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design

“Design and cybernetics are really the same thing.”

–– RDS3 Conference, Oslo

–– Ranulph Glanville, 2014

Challenges of design

Energy

Global warming

Population

Health

Equality

Social justice

Challenges design

Energy

Global warming

Population

Health

Equality

Social justice

Challenges design

Energy

Global warming

Population

Health

Equality

Social justice

Simple problems

Complex problems / systems of systems

“Wicked problems”*

* In the strict sense of Rittel & Webber

Design = Social

Designing with myselfDesign = Social

Designing with myselfDesigning with others

Design = Social

Designing with myselfDesigning with others

Design = Conversations for Action

Designing Conversations is the heart of 21st-century design practice

Designing Conversations is the heart of 21st-century design practiceDesigning for Conversations by Everyone

Designing Conversations is the heart of 21st-century design practiceDesigning for Conversations by Everyone Designing for Conversations for Design

We believe cybernetics offers a foundation for 21st-century design practice, with this rationale:

–– Dubberly & Pangaro, “Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action”, 2015

If design, then systems.

If systems, then cybernetics.

If cybernetics, then second-order cybernetics.

If second-order cybernetics, then conversation.

–– Dubberly & Pangaro, “Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action”, 2015

Design…

Design… from Thinking to Conversation

Design Thinking

What is the process of Design Thinking?

Observe

Brainstorm

Prototype

What Does that mean?

Ethnography

Open-ended ideageneration

Making andtesting

Observe

Brainstorm

Prototype

Observe

Brainstorm

Prototype

Observe

Brainstorm

Prototype

Limitations

Observe

Brainstorm

Prototype

Specific?

Rigorous?

Repeatable?

Limitations

Observe

Brainstorm

Prototype

Specific?

Rigorous?

Repeatable?

Clear?

Quantifiable?

Directed?

Design the Conversations

Brainstorm

Prototype

Brainstorm

Prototype

Find a Focusing Question

Prototype

Requirements for Focusing Questions

Actionable information flows, not transformation of mass & energy— so it participates in the new economy, the move from “atoms to bits.”

Economic potential—removing uncertainty in the market, creating order from disorder, lowering the human cost of achieving our goals, are all worth something.

Consistent with the social system—connecting to who we are (our history) and what we can see ourselves engaging in.

Engage individuals who want to do it.

Reveal the necessary variety of expertise required for exploring the question, so that we can define it and make it available (requisite variety).

Teach the organization as a whole—so that what is learned can be reproduced.

Prototype

Economic Potential Using bits & reducing uncertainty

Social Potential Consistent with whowe are & want to be

Systemic Potential Engages variety

Prototype a Solution

Iterate & Evaluate

Iterate & EvaluateIterate & Evaluate

Measure Improvements for Users

Iterate & EvaluateIterate & Evaluate

Measure Convergence on design goals

Conversation is the core

Conversation to Agree on Means

Measure Convergenceon design goals

Conversation is the core

Measure Improvementsfor Users

Measure Convergence on design goals

Design… from Thinking to Conversation

Design Thinking

Rethinking Design Thinking

Design as Conversation

Conversation to Agree on

Does doing this

… achieve this?

Do we have sufficient variety… to achieve this?

Iterate

Evaluate

Conversation to Design the

Designing

Do we have sufficient variety… to achieve this?

Iterate

Evaluate

Designing

Iterate

Evaluate

Do we have

sufficient variety… …to achieve this?

Designing

Iterate

Evaluate

IterateEvaluate

Do we have

sufficient variety… …to achieve this?

Designing

Iterate

Evaluate

IterateEvaluate

NEXT CONVERSATION

CONVERSATIONe,e,e...

e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e

Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS

1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.

In short, given where we want to go:

Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?

What is the necessary and sufficient information?

What did we learn?

What questions do we answer next?

Who can we continue to use who are still essential?

What expertise do we need to answer those questions?

What information do we need to answer those questions?

NEXT CONVERSATION

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

What did we learn?

NEXT CONVERSATION

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

What did we learn?

NEXT CONVERSATION

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

What did we learn?

NEXT CONVERSATION

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

What did we learn?

NEXT CONVERSATION

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

What did we learn?

NEXT CONVERSATION

NEWKNOWLEDGE

BUILDS

EXTERNALINFORMATION

ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR

PARTICIPANTSBECOME

SELECTIONMECHANISM

What did we learn?

AGENCY CLIENT e,...

AGENCY CLIENT e,e,e...

AGENCY CLIENT e,e,e,e...

INITIALGOALS

catalyst ideation solution delivery evaluation

OUTCOMES

AGENCY CLIENT e,e,e,e,e...

NECESSARYPARTICIPANTS

NECESSARYINFORMATION

UNPREDICTABLECONTACTWITH AGENCY

IDENTIFY NECESSARY ROLESAND EXPERTISE

SELECT“BEFORE”

&“AFTER”

SELECT360°

SOLUTIONPLAN

FEEDBACK ADJUSTMENT

OPTIMIZATION

SELECT360°

DEPLOYMENT

PARTICIPANTS

MEASURINGIMPACT

COREROLES

SELECT AGENCY CLIENT

Client Engagement can be modeled as a series of stages—catalyst, ideation, solution, delivery, and evaluation—each with specific goals, and therefore specific requirements for participants and information to feed the next conversation.

e,e,e,...

The engagement lifecycle moves through a series of stages, albeit not always smoothly.

Core roles—often the “triumvirate” of account, planning, and creative, but increasingly specialized to a given 360° engagement—are responsible for driving to results, and forcommunicating across stages and across agency and client groups.

Useful stages that apply across most engagement types are:- catalyst stage (first interaction): initial contact with client- ideation: building a model of desired outcomes- solution: creating a plan to achieve the outcomes- delivery: executing the plan, deploying the solution- evaluation: measuring against goals, then adjusting.

COREROLES

Designing

Iterate

Evaluate

IterateEvaluate

Designing

Iterate

Evaluate

IterateEvaluate

Iterate

Evaluate

Conversation to Create New

Language

Designing

Iterate

Evaluate

Iterate

Evaluate

IterateEvaluate

Design = Social = Conversations for Action

If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values.

If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values. (This is ethical.)

If we converse about the means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes.

If we converse about the means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes.(This is collaborative.)

If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities.

If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities.(This is innovative.)

If we converse about the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions.

If we converse about the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions.(This is responsible.)

If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values. (To agree on goals is ethical.)

If we converse about the means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes. (To agree on means is collaborative.)

If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities. (To create new language is innovative.)

If we converse about the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions. (To design the designing is responsible.)

If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values. (To agree on goals is ethical.)

If we converse to agree on means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes. (To agree on means is collaborative.)

If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities. (To create new language is innovative.)

If we converse to agree on the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions. (To design the designing is responsible.)

“Conversation is the bridge between cybernetics and design.

Special Thanks to: Ranulph GlanvillePeter JonesHugh DubberlyMichael C. GeogheganPooja Upadhyay

Thank you.See pangaro.com/rsd5 for slides and references

“Design is the action; Second-order Cybernetics is the explanation.”

–– Glanville, “Second-order Cybernetics”, in Systems Science and Cybernetics - Volume III

Designing Conversations for Socially Conscious Design · RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro /...

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