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TowardsEcosystemBasedFisheriesManagementintheBal7cSea16-17June2016EskildKirkegaardACOMChair
Developmentofadvicetowardsecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement-ICESadviceandecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement
CommonFisheriesPolicy-Objec7ves• TheCFPshallensurethatfishingandaquacultureac5vi5esareenvironmentally
sustainableinthelong-termandaremanagedinawaythatisconsistentwiththeobjec5vesofachievingeconomic,socialandemploymentbenefits,andofcontribu5ngtotheavailabilityoffoodsupplies.
• TheCFPshallapplytheprecau5onaryapproachtofisheriesmanagement,andshallaimtoensurethatexploita5onoflivingmarinebiologicalresourcesrestoresandmaintainspopula5onsofharvestedspeciesabovelevelswhichcanproducethemaximumsustainableyield.
• TheCFPshallimplementtheecosystem-basedapproachtofisheriesmanagementsoastoensurethatnega5veimpactsoffishingac5vi5esonthemarineecosystemareminimised,andshallendeavortoensurethataquacultureandfisheriesac5vi5esavoidthedegrada5onofthemarineenvironment.
Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?
CommonFisheriesPolicy-Objec7ves• environmentallysustainable,• economic,socialandemploymentbenefits,• precau7onaryapproach,• maximumsustainableyield,• ecosystem-basedapproachtofisheriesmanagement.
Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?
Ecosystem-basedapproachtofisheriesmanagement–defini7onintheCFPMeansanintegratedapproachtomanagingfisherieswithinecologicallymeaningfulboundarieswhichseekstomanagetheuseofnaturalresources,takingaccountoffishingandotherhumanac5vi5es,whilepreservingboththebiologicalwealthandthebiologicalprocessesnecessarytosafeguardthecomposi5on,structureandfunc5oningofthehabitatsoftheecosystemaffected,bytakingintoaccounttheknowledgeanduncertain5esregardingbio5c,abio5candhumancomponentsofecosystems.
Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?
Na5onalMarineFisheriesService
Na5onalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministra5on(NOAA)
NOAAFisheriesdefinesEBFMasasystema(capproachtofisheriesmanagementinageographicallyspecifiedareathatcontributestotheresilienceandsustainabilityoftheecosystem;recognizesthephysical,biological,economic,andsocialinterac(onsamongtheaffectedfishery-relatedcomponentsoftheecosystem,includinghumans;andseekstoop(mizebenefitsamongadiversesetof
societalgoals.
Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?
Balancinghumanac5vi5es&environmentalstewardshipinamul5pleusecontext
EcosystemBasedManagement
Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?
Trade-offs between fisheries, commercialspecies,andotherecosystemcomponents(e.g.,other species, habitats, and humans) andprocesses that affect, or are affected by,fisheries.
Whatisecosystembasedfisheriesmanagement?
EcosystemHealthandSustainabilityVolume2,Issue4,26APR2016DOI:10.1002/ehs2.1213h]p://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ehs2.1213/full#ehs21213-fig-0001
EBFM–ICESAdvice
ICESAdvicedeliverables
o Stockadvice–fishingopportuni7es,howmuchcanyoutakeoutofthestocknextyear,CFPobjec7ve.
o Fisheriesoverviews–how,whom,whereandwhen,mixedfisheriesandecosystemimpacts.
o Ecosystemoverviews–humanac7vi7es,pressuresandstate
ICESAdvicedeliverables
Stockadvice–fishingopportuni7esHowmanytonnescanyoutakeoutofthestocknextyear?
8.3.10 Herring(Clupeaharengus )in Subdivis ion 30(BothnianSea)ICES stockadviceICESadvisesthatwhentheMSYapproachisapplied,catchesin2016shouldbenomorethan 96613tonnes.StockdevelopmentovertimeThespawning-stockbiomass(SSB)increaseduntilthebeginningofthe1990s;thenthestockdecreased,butshowedanincreasefromtheendofthe1990sandhasbeenaboveMSYBtriggersince1986.FishingmortalityhasbeenbelowFMSYfromtheverybeginningofthetime-series,andjustabovesince2012.Recruitmentisvariableandincreasingovertime.
Figure8.3.10.1 HerringinSubdivision30.Summaryofstockassessment(weightsinthousandtonnes).RecruitmentandSSBin2015
arepredicted.Recruitment,F,andSSBhaveconfidenceintervals(95%)intheplot. StockandexploitationstatusTable8.3.10.1 HerringinSubdivision30.Stateofthestockandfishery,relativetoreferencepoints . Fishingpressure Stocksize
2012 2013 2014 2013 2014 2015
MaximumSustainableYield FMSY Above
MSYBtrigger Abovetrigger
Precautionaryapproach
Fpa,Flim
Undefined Bpa,Blim
Abovepotentialcandidatereferencepoints
ManagementPlan FMGT - - - Notapplicable SSBMGT - - - Notapplicable
ICESAdviceonfishingopportuni5es
Presentstockstatusanddynamics:Ø Growth,maturityØ StockrecruitmentØ Preda5onmortality
Referencepointsarebasedonsinglestockconsidera5onsanddoesnotincludespeciesinterac5on
ICESAdvicedeliverables
Bal7cmul7speciesinterac7ons
Hydrography
Acartia spp. Pseudocalanus acuspes
high
er/lo
wer
oxy
gen
cont
ent a
nd s
alin
ity
Path 1 Path 2
mainly inflow event freq.
Climatepositive NE-Atlantic Oscillation Index,
change of high and low pressure areas
Cod eastern Baltic Sprat Baltic
Path 2weak inflows, more terrestrial runoff, more nutrients
high
er/lo
wer
win
ter t
empe
ratu
res
Path 1more & stronger inflow,
less terrestrial runoff, surface more saline,
deep water more oxygen
Herring central Baltic
predation
food
com
petit
ion
pre-1990ies post-1990ies
Fishery
less/more recruitsmore/less recruits
predation
catc
h
predation
predation
pred
atio
n
pred
atio
nDorscheier
catc
h
Mul7speciesmodelling
WKMULTBAL2012
Trade-offsandpriori5es
Fmsyranges-Sprat
StockMSYFlower
FMSYMSYFupperwithAR
MSYBtrigger(thousandt)
Sprat 0.19 0.26 0.27 570
Fisheriesoverviews
How,whom,whereandwhen,mixedfisheriesandecosystemimpacts.
Totalfishingeffort(hours)Q1–Q42013.Mobilebo]om-contac5nggears,midwatertrawls,andlonglines.
MSFDdescriptors
Fisheriesoverviews
Ecosystemoverviews
Ecosystembasedapproach–ICESadviceTrade-offs/priori(esbetweenfisheries,commercialspecies,andotherecosystemcomponents(e.g.,otherspecies,habitats,andhumans)andprocessesthataffect,orareaffectedby,fisheries.Economicandsocialinterac(ons
ICESadvice
TACandquotasTechnicalmeasuresincludingclosedareas/seasons
Fisheriesmanagement
Thankyou
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